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Constructing week 8 J

Transom: a window above a door that is usually hinged to a horizontal crosspiece over the door

The Free Dictionary, 2013, “transom window”, viewed 06/10/2013, < http://www.thefreedictionary.com/transom+window>

Threshold: Door sill

Rebate: A rectangular recess along the edge of a timber to receive a shutter, door or window

Ashfield, 2013, “Glossary of Architectural Terms”, viewed 06/10/2013, < http://www.ashfield-dc.gov.uk/ccm/navigation/environment/land-and-

premises/buildings/glossary-of-architectural-terms/>

Perpend: (perpendicular end) vertical cross joint in stone or brickwork. Perpends also refer to the

ends of walls first built up by bricklayers to provide a level for the courses in between. See

brick/brickwork and racking back.

Encyclo Online Encyclopaedia, 2013, “Perpend”, viewed 06/10/2013, < http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/Perpend>

Mullion: It is a vertical member that divides windows.

The Free Dictionary, 2013, “Mullion”, viewed 06/10/2013, < http://www.thefreedictionary.com/mullion>

DGU: Double Glazed Unit

Butt Joint Glazing: A glass installation technique in which two glass panels do not meet in a mullion;

instead, a weatherproof vertical joint is formed between them by means of a sealant.

The Free Dictionary, 2013, “butt joint glazing”, viewed 06/10/2013, < http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/butt-joint+glazing>

A2 detail (1:1 scale)

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Roof details section

-Moisture may enter through the gap between glass roof and brick wall when the sealant failed or

worn out.

Universal beam, Hot rolled-

steel

Corrugated roof deck

Blanket insulation

Flashing

Plywood Board

Skylight glass

Purlin (cold formed-

Steel)

(Al) Angle-

capture board

Silicone Seal- preventing

moisture** enter down the

space & as expansion joint

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Window Opening Section

Lintel may damage over windows if it is not sealed correctly.

Sarking

Flashing (maybe Steel)

Lintel (Steel)

Sealant, backer rod

Plasterboard

Window sill (AL)

Window

Opening

Top plate (Steel)

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Box gutter section

-Loss of mortar between brickwork form gaps that moisture may enter the cavity and affect the

stability of the building structure as well as the interior spaces.

Box Gutter

Roof deck

Brick wall

Raked joints

The joint filler controls,

(backer rod)

Sealants

Batt insulation

Flashing- labyrinth

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Cavity Wall Section

Flashing

Tie- Cavity wall ties are forms of wall

tie commonly made of metal coated in

bitumen or zinc and are used for

certain structural repairs. They are

used to hold together a cavity wall

system of two separate walls.

Wise Property Care, 2013, “Cavity Wall ties”, viewed

06/10/2013, < http://www.wisepropertycare.com/structural-

repairs/cavity-wall-ties/>

Weep hole in this face of

brickwork

Sealant

Flashing

Concrete

wall

Brick wall

Outside

Inside

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Parapet Section Details

Capping & Flashing (cold formed- Steel)

Kliplock Roof Deck

Furring Channel (cold formed- Steel)

Drip

Square Hollow Section

Parallel Flange Channel (hot rolled- Steel)

Plasterboard ceiling lining

Timber Stud

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Quad Gutter Section

Roof beam

(timber)

Quad Gutter

(zincalume)

Drip

Sealant (silicone) Batten

Flashing (cold

formed- Steel)

Flat Sheet- (Steel)

PFC

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Box Gutter Section

Box Gutter

Flashing

Corrugated steel roof

deck

Timber roof beam

Precast

concrete

wall

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Glass Block Window Section

Building process:

1. Cover the sill area with a heavy coat of asphalt emulsion. Allow emulsion to dry at least 2 hours

before placing mortar.

2. Adhere expansion strips to jambs and head. Make certain expansion strip extends to the still.

3. Set a full mortar bed joint, applied to the sill.

4. Set the lower course of block, maintain a uniform joint width of (6.35 mm) to

(9.5mm) plus or minus (3.175 mm). All mortar joints must be full and not furrowed. Steel tools must

not be used to tap block into position (place a rubber crutch tip on end of trowel to tap block into

position). Do not realign, tap, or otherwise move block after initial placement. For some glass blocks

a typical mortar joint is (9.5 mm). It may be necessary to use wedges in the mortar joints of the

lower courses to prevent the mortar from being squeezed out.

5. Install panel reinforcing every 16 inches (40.64 cm) on center (o.c.) maximum in the horizontal

mortar joint and in the joints immediately above and below all openings with the panel. Where

panel anchors are used at jambs and heads in lieu of channels or chase surrounds, install panel

anchors in the same joints (16 inches o.c. maximum) as the panel reinforcing. EXCEPT that, at panel

corners, anchors should be placed in each mortar joint, both at the jamb and head, 24

Precast Concrete Panel

Outside Inside

Glass Block

Drip

Mortar Joint

Plasterboard lining

Steel Stud

Top plate

Bottom plate

Sealant,

maybe

silicone

Reinforcing Steel Rod-

provides support, increase

stability and mechanical

resistance.

Expansion material, e.g. rubber

Timber sill

10

inches (50.8 cm) on each side of the corner. Install panel anchors across the head joint spaced

16 inches on center, maximum. Run reinforcing continuously from end to end of panels. Lap re-

inforcing not less than 6 inches (125.24 cm) whenever it is necessary to use more than one

length.

Install reinforcing as follows:

Place lower half of mortar in bed joint. Do not furrow.

Press reinforcing into place.

Cover panel reinforcing with upper half of mortar bed and trowel smooth. Do not furrow.

6. Place full mortar bed for joints not requiring panel reinforcing—do not furrow. Maintain uniform

joint width.

7. Set succeeding courses of block; space at head panel and jambs must remain free of mortar for

caulking and sealants.

8. Use only wooden or rubber-tipped tools when tapping glass blocks into place.

9. Strike joints while mortar is still plastic and before final set. Remove surplus mortar from faces of

glass blocks and wipe dry. Tool joints smooth and concave before mortar takes final set. Re-move

any edges from lower courses at this time and point up voids with mortar. At this time re-move and

clean all excess mortar from jamb, head, and other expansion joint locations.

10. After final mortar set (usually 24 hours) install packing tightly between glass panel and jamb and

head locations. Leave space for sealants.

11. Apply sealant evenly to the full depth of recesses as indicated on the drawings and in accordance

with the manufacturer’s recommendations

Pittsburgh Corning Corporation, 2013, “Glass Block Installation Instructions:, viewed 06/10/2013, <http://pittsburghcorning.com/project-planning/installation/default.aspx>

Pros: Sloped window sill helps passage of water down to the ground more efficiently without

entering the opening.

Where and why things go wrong in this type of detail (e.g. cracks, leaks, gaps); Cons:

-Loss of mortar (wash away?) between opening and wall may lead to movement against the wall.

-Sealant have to be replaced when it is loose or loss. (Leaks may happen)

Sustainability and environmental analysis:

It bases on the size, orientation and treatment of the window as well as the external shading that

will affect energy use in interior space.

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For the materials, sustainability-(recyclability, carbon footprint, embodied energy) of material also

depends on the size, type, brand and origin of material.

(Further details: refer to Week 5 structural concepts ppt. p.5-6)

Embodied Energy:

Economic implications of decisions:

It depends on the size, type and origin of material.

e.g.

Shopbot.com.au, 2013, “Glass blocks”, viewed 06/10/2013, <http://www.shopbot.com.au/glass-blocks/price/australia/536121>

Source: Lawson Buildings, Materials, Energy and the Environment (1996);

* fibre cement figure updated from earlier version and endorsed by Dr. Lawson. <

http://www.yourhome.gov.au/technical/fs52.html>

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References: Ching, F. 2008, Building construction illustrated / Francis D.K. Ching, Hoboken, N.J. : John Wiley & Sons,

c2008; 4th ed.