2013 Sunshine Manual

7/27/2019 2013 Sunshine Manual

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government-in-the-sunshine-manual

F ad Fd, ic. .........................................................................................xidc ..............................................................................................................................12012 l h .......................................................................................................2

PAR I

GOVERNMEN IN HE SUNSHINE LAW

a. What is the sCoPe oF the sunshine laW? ....................................................3

B. What agenCies are CovereD BY the sunshine laW? ...............................41. a pbc c bjc s lw? ..................................................42. a dy bd wc k cd c bd y

cd bjc s lw? ............................................................4. Pbcy cd dy bd wc k cd ........................4b. ady c ppd by pbc c .................................5

c. Fcd c ....................................................................................5d. s c ............................................................................................... 6

3. a p z bjc s lw?..............................................7. P cd p w by pbc c .............................7b. P pd c pbc c ..........................................8c. appc s lw pcc p ...............................9

(1) Dcpp z .....................................................................9(2) ecc dp z .......................................................9(3) hw c .........................................................................9(4) Pc p ........................................................................................10

(5) v dp ......................................................................104. a d c bjc s lw? ....................................................105. D s lw ppy g d Cb? ...................................10

. g d Cb .....................................................................................10b. m bw g, Pd s, spk

h rp .................................................................................116. D s lw ppy c cd by C? ............117. D s lw ppy l? .....................................................118. D s lw ppy jdcy? ........................................................12

. C pcd ......................................................................................12

b. C pcd .............................................................................................13c. Dp .....................................................................................................13d. Fd B c pcd ....................................................................14. gd j ....................................................................................................14. Jdc c/Jdc Qc C ............14. md pcd ....................................................................................15

(1) C dd d ...........................................................................15(2) o d pcd .....................................................................15

. s pd cd c pcd ...............................................15(1) adp ...................................................................................................15

(2) Dpdcy...............................................................................................15(3) gd dc pp ...............................................................15(4) hiv ..........................................................................................16(5) Pcy c w .........................................................16(6) t p ....................................................................16(7) vc d w y c ccc ..............................16


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C. Does the sunshine laW aPPlY to CommuniCations BetWeenBoarD memBers Who are not Present in the same room? ..............161. appc s lw p c, w cpdc,

d cc cc d ....................................................................16. tp c ..................................................................................16b. W cpdc, , d cc cc bw

bd b ....................................................162. az cdcpublic p, d cc,

cp, cc d ........................................................................17. s bd .....................................................................................................18b. lc bd ....................................................................................................18

(1) m .................................................................................................18(2) Wkp ..............................................................................................18

D. Does the sunshine laW aPPlY to a single inDiviDual or to ameeting BetWeen a BoarD memBer anD a nonBoarD memBer? ....19

1. D y dd .............................................................192. u bd b c cdc de acto

bd .............................................................................................................20

e. What tYPes oF DisCussions are CovereD BY the sunshine laW? ....221. i dc, wkp, z , c c ..........222. Cd cd dc ..............................................................................233. i ..............................................................................................244. l ...........................................................................................................24

. s y d xpd ..24

(1) i . 286.011(8) b by cy cd? ...............................25(2) W y c yc ? ...............................................25(3) W y d? ....................................................................................25(4) i b cpc w cd bd

dq? ............................26(5) W kd y b dcd yc ? ...26(6) W cy py pd pp

xp? ..............................................................................................27(7) W ccdd pp . 286.011(8)()? ............27

b. rk xp ..........................................................................27

c. nc c ....................................................................285. P ....................................................................................................28. Cc b dc .....................................................................28

(1) sy ......................................................................................28(2) n ............................................................................................29

b. Dcpy, c, d cp w pcd ..............................29c. iw d ...............................................................................30d. sc d c c .................................................................31

6. Pc c ............................................................................................31. appc s lw ...........................................................................31

b. rcd q xp ...................................................327. Qjdc pcd ....................................................................328. r ppy .......................................................................................329. scy .......................................................................................................33

F. Does the sunshine laW aPPlY to: ..................................................................331. Cdd bc ...................................................................................33

. Cdd ......................................................................................................33b. mbc .................................................................................................33


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2. m bw b d bd ......................................................343. m bw y d b cy cc ..................................344. m bw bd b d .....................................355. Ex ocio bd b .........................................................................................356. Bd b d b pbc bd. ..357. s d pbc c b pbc bd ...........................35

8. Cy pd by p z ..........................................369. sc ; .......................................................................................................3610. a bd d w bd? ......................................................37

g. What are the notiCe anD ProCeDural reQuirements oF thesunshine laW? .........................................................................................................371. W kd c b ? .................................................37

. rb c qd ..............................................................................37b. Pd d q, d dd c p pd by

, cd, dc ..............................................................38

c. nc q w djd d ..........................39d. nc q w bd c qjdc bdy k c

c dd ................................................................................392. D s lw q d b d b p bd

c bd k c d? .....393. D s lw pcy w bd qd

ccd ? .........................................................................................404. D s lw w pbc bd c y

b d?............................................ ...................................40. ipc p ...............................................................................................40

b. lc .........................................................................................40c. m c dc by c ccpbd .......................................................................................................41

d. ow .....................................................................................415. C c b pcd pbc dc , pcp , pbc

?............................................................................ ......................42. Pbc d cd ........................................................42

(1) sz c ..........................................................................42(2) idb dc ...............................................................................42(3) exc c b pbc .............................................42

(4) C d p cd .....................................................................43b. Pbc pcp .........................................................................................436. my b pbc bd cd pd b d

d dy dd?........................................................... .......................447. my b pbc bd by w c b? .............................448. a bd b zd c pxy ? .................................................459. a bd b zd b ? ...........................................4510. i c qd? .......................................................................................4611. m w b kp , cd wkp? ........46

. scp q .........................................................................46

b. C .........................................................................................47c. tp cd c ..................................................47d. u cp .............................................................................47

h. What is the legal eFFeCt oF statutorY eXemPtions From thesunshine laW? .........................................................................................................471. C d w xp ..........................................................................472. exp wy cd .........................................................................483. ec y xp .................................................................................49


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. nc q ........................................................................................49b. adc cd .........................................................................49

4. spc c xp ............................................................................................49

i. What are the ConseQuenCes iF a PuBliC BoarD or CommissionFails to ComPlY With the sunshine laW? .................................................49

1. C p ...................................................................................................492. r c ................................................................................................503. nc c ......................................................................................... 504. ay ..........................................................................................................505. C c jc dcy .......................................................516. vdy c k s lw d bq cc

c ............................................................................. ........................527. D .................................................................................................................54

PAR II

PUBLIC RECORDS

a. What is the sCoPe oF the PuBliC reCorDs aCt? .....................................54

B. What is a PuBliC reCorD WhiCh is oPen to insPeCtion anDCoPYing? ....................................................................................................................541. sy d .................................................................................................542. D d ......................................................................................................553. ecc d cp cd .............................................................................57

. ecc db d ...........................................................................57

b. Cd pbc cc d cc cdkp y ....58c em .............................................................................................................58d. Fcbk .........................................................................................................59. tx ..................................................................................................59

4. P cd .......................................................................................................59

C. What agenCies are suBJeCt to the PuBliC reCorDs aCt? .................601. ady bd .......................................................................................................602. P z ...............................................................................................61

. P cd p w by pbc c ...........................61

b. P cc w pbc c c pbc d .......61(1) ty c ...........................................................................62(2) D ........................................................................................63

c. P cpy dd y kp c cd ...........................65d. o y p ...............................................................................65

(1) l ppp .........................................................................65(2) Pbc d d d .......................................................................65(3) s cc .........................................................................................65

3. Jdcy ..................................................................................................................66. Pbc rcd ac ppcb jdc cd ..........................................66

b. Pbc cc jdc bc cd, F. r. Jd. ad. 2.420 .................66(1) scp .....................................................................................66(2) Cd jdc cd ....................................................................67(3) Pcd cc jdc bc cd d 2.420 ...........67(4) rw d cc d cd .................................68

c. Dcy ...........................................................................................68d. Fd B ......................................................................................................69 Jdc Qc C d jdc c......69. Jy cd .....................................................................................................69


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(1) gd jy ..............................................................................................69(2) t jy .................................................................................................70

. s l ac ...............................................................................704. l ...............................................................................................................715. g d Cb .............................................................................................716. C cd by C ...............................................................72

D. What KinDs oF agenCY reCorDs are suBJeCt to the PuBliCreCorDs aCt? ...........................................................................................................721. adp d b cd .....................................................................................722. apy d d cd.......................................................................................73

. apy p ...............................................................................................73b. apy pp d cd ...............................................................73c. Pp, d d d cd dpc cd k

p .............................................................................................................74d. D cc .............................................................................................74

3. Cd d b d b d pc cd .........................................74. Dp Cd d F b cd ........................................74

(1) Cdy b cd ..............................................................74(2) r b cd ...........................................................................74

b. F , c d qy c cd .......................................75c. gd d d c ...........................................................76d. lw c b cd .......................................................................76

4. Dcpp z ...................................................................................765. Dc c cd .......................................................................................776. edc cd ....................................................................................................77

. C c ...............................................................................................77b. sd cd ...............................................................................................78c. Cd pd c p ..................................79d. t ..............................................................................................79

7. ec cd .......................................................................................................79 B .............................................................................................................79b. v d cd .................................................................79

8 ecy cd ..................................................................................................80. ecy 911 cd ................................................................................80b. ecy c p ............................................................................81

c. ecy dc c cd .................................................................81d. ecy c ...................................................................................81. spc d y .......................................................................................81

9. Fc cd .....................................................................................................81. ad p ...................................................................................................82

(1) ad g d ............................................................................82(2) lc d .........................................................................82(3) s cy pc d .......................................................82

b. Bd d c ...........................................................................83c. Bd ...........................................................................................................83

d. ecc dp cd .......................................................................83(1) B c xp p .......................................................83(2) C c bk b cd ...........................................85

. owp cd d pbc b.........................................85. P c cd .................................................................................85

(1) Bk cc, db d cd cd b ..........................................85(2) C c ..............................................................85(3) Fc bd by c ppc..................85(4) tpy c c p pcp .......................................86


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(5) t py p dy ........................................86(6) uy py cd ...........................................................................86

. txpy cd ..............................................................................................8610. F cd ......................................................................................................8711. hp d dc cd...................................................................................87

. Ccb c d p ....................................................87

b. hp cd ..............................................................................................88(1) Pbc p .......................................................................................88(2) P p/p z p pbc p ............88

c. P d cc cd ..............................................................................88(1) P d cc cd y .......................................................88(2) Dc p cd ...................................................................89

d. ecy dc c .............................................................................8912. i cd w c c .............................................90

. i cd y ..........................................................................90b. sy xp .......................................................................................91

(1) Dc ..................................................................91(2) ec ................................................................................91(3) lc pc ...................................92(4) s pc .......................................................92(5) s c ....................................................................92(6) Wbw ..................................................................93

() Wbw dy ...................................................................93(b) ac ........................................................................93

13. lw c cd .........................................................................................94. ac c d c xp ..............94

(1) Pp d cp xp ..............................................................94(2) W c c c ? ............95(3) W notcdd b c

c d b d xppp? ....................................................................................................95

(4) a cd d dd cdd b c c ? .................................................96

(5) W c d c cddc d xp dc? ...............................98() ac c .........................................98

(b) ac c c ..........................................99(c) Pd pc pp ......................................................99(6) D c dd pbc cd q cpc

dcy? ..............................................................................................100(7) D c c xp ppy

dy b d pbc? ...........................................100(8) my c c b d w

c jc cy w pcd ? ....................100(9) D pbc cd bc xp dc

py bc y d c jc cy? ............101

(10) i p xp c c c c ? ...............................................102(11) W c c cd

d xp dc? .............102(12) i c c cd p

Jy 25, 1979, xp dc?............................................102b. Bk ac p ppd by w c c ..............103c. C ...................................................................................................103d. Cd ................................................................................103


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. C y ........................................................................104(1) C y y .................................................104(2) sd d xpd cd .................................................................105

. Fp cd ........................................................................................105. J d cd ...............................................................................105

(1) Cdy d zd dc .............................................105

(2) excp cdy .................................................................106() Cd c .....................................................................106(b) Fy d d y ........................................107(c) mdy c c .................................................107(d) vc cc .................................................................................107

. m c cd ....................................................................................108(1) C p .........................................................................................108(2) Dp hwy sy d m vc c

cd...................................................................................................108(3) lw c cy cd ...........................................................109

. Pwbk cd .......................................................................................109j. Pyp cd ..........................................................................................109k. P d cd .............................................................................109. rc d cy p p ......................................110. sc cq, pcd p ...........................................110. udc p ....................................................................................111. vc .......................................................................................111

(1) a ppy ....................................................................111(2) Cc c c ........................................................111(3) Dc d c wc receivedby cy ...............111

(4) h py dd, p b, ......................112(5) i dy dpc c x d cdb .....................................................................................................113() lw c d pc cd .....................................113(b) C cd ................................................................................114(c) Dp Cd d F b cd ......................114

(6) Pp, d d d cd dpc cd k p.............................................................................................114

(7) rcd c w ................................................11514. l cd ..................................................................................................115

. ayc cc ...................................................................115b. ay wk pdc ..................................................................................115(1) scp xp ...............................................................................116

() ay b d py ..........................................................116(b) i ................................................................................117

(2) Cc d xp ....................................118() s cd .........................................................................118(b) C c ...............................................................................119

c. o y xp cd ...............................119d. ay ...............................................................................................120

15. P cd ...................................................................................................121. P cd y ............................................................................121b. epy c c cd .....................................................121c. Pcy cc ............................................................................................122d. Cd pc p cd ..............................................122. Cc b .....................................................................................123

(1) rp cc b p cd ....123(2) Cc b wk pdc xp .....................................123

. appc Pbc rcd ac pcc p cd .....................123


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(1) ay cd cc c ..................................................123(2) appc py, c d ...........................123(3) Cp py ...............................................................124

() lw c d cc c .....................................1241. scp xp d d cdy ................1242. l dc ........................................................125

3. uzd dc p ...........................................126(b) Pbc c y py .....................................................126(c) s y d Fd C sy

py ......................................................................................126(4) C y ................................................................127(5) Dd cp .........................................................................127(6) Dc dp ........................................................................................127(7) D ....................................................................................127(8) epy c p ................................................................128(9) e py pc ....................................................128

() hp py .......................................................................128(b) Pbc c py ................................................................128(c) s y d Fd C sy

py ......................................................................................129(10) ex q d w ..............................................129(11) h dd d p b, pp, d y

...........................................................................................130() exp w c p, jd, d

dd c d py .........................................1301. ay pcd ..............................133

2. appc xp cd d by c py dd c py ..............1343. appc xp : ..................................................134

) tp b c p d by c ......135b) l dd c d py .............135c) P dd...........................................................135d) mp w pyc c ..........................135) Bk pp ..........................................................135

(b) exp d pc d jd ................................136(c) exp p py .................................................136

(d) exp dc c d pcd c c ....136(12) mdc d c pcp .......136() mdc d dc c cd ...........................136(b) h c pcp ......................................137

(13) Py ddc cd ......................................................................137(14) r ............................................................................................137(15) sy cd ........................................................................................138(16) t cd ........................................................................................138(17) udc p c jc c .................................138

16. scy y d bp ...........................................................138

. scy y d p ..........................................................138b. scy cc cd ...................................................139c. Bp......................................................................................................139

17. sc cy b .........................................................................................14018. tp cd .................................................................................................14019. td c d ppy cd b ............................141

. td c ..................................................................................................141(1) sy xp pcc d c .......................................141

() td c d by pcd c ..........................................141


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(b) Cp y d w d c .................................141(2) td c dd cd d bd cy .......141

b. Ppy cd b ................................................142

e. to What eXtent maY an agenCY regulate or limit insPeCtionanD CoPYing oF PuBliC reCorDs? ................................................................142

1. my cy p w c cc cpy pbccd? .................................................................................................................142

2. W dd zd pc d c cp pbc cd? ...1433. m dd w cc pbc cd

b b wd pc cpy ? .......................................................1444. W cy py pb pd pbc cd

q? ................................................................................................................144. Cd pbc cd ...........................................................................144b. Dy ckwd q ppy d pd d ...........145

5. i cy qd pd cp pbc cd kd, y cy

w pc y? ...........................................................................................1456. my cy cpy w q pc cpy pbc cd d cd pyc p cd? ...145

7. my cy w cc pbc cd d cd d by cy? .....................................................146

8. my cy w pc cpy pbc cd d q bd ck pccy? .................................................146

9. my cy q q x cpy pbc cd b d w? .................................................................................................................147

10. my cy q q dc

bckd cd? ............................................................14711. i cy qd w q b pbc cd c wcd p q ? ....................................................148

12. i cy qd pd pbc cd d qd y cy c d pdc? ................................148. rcd b d .................................................148b. r cd .....................................................................................149c. r cc................................................................................................149

13. W cy pd pbc cd q? ...................................150. ac dy pb ......................................................................150

b. Pdc dy ..........................................................................................150c. aby pc .........................................................................151d. sd q ..........................................................................................151

14. my cy cdy w pbc cd bpcd cpd qd d by k d cd? ................151

15. m cy b xp cd? ..............15316. i cy qd pd dx w xp d xp cd? ....15317. W p b cy cd c b xp d

xp ? .......................................................................................15418. my cy w pc pbc cd bc cy

b dc cd pcy ? .....................................................15419. W by cd pbc cd? ............................155

F. What is the legal eFFeCt oF statutorY eXemPtions FromDisClosure? ............................................................................................................1551. hw xp cd?.................................................................................1552. exp cy cd ..........................................................................1563. D wycd xp ppy cy? .................................................1574. D cdy ppy cy?....................................158


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5. a cd wc cd d xp dc d dy wc y xp dc q? ......................158. Cd cd ......................................................................................158b. exp cd..............................................................................................158

6. a xp cd cd dcb? ...................................................159

g. to What eXtent Does FeDeral laW PreemPt state laWregarDing PuBliC insPeCtion oF reCorDs? ...........................................1601. ud w ccc w d p k cy

cd cd? ..............................................................................................1602. t w x cpyd p cy bjc pbc

pc d cpy? ........................................................................................161. Cpy d by c ..........................................................................161b. Cpyd bd by c ....................................................161

h. What Fees maY laWFullY Be imPoseD For insPeCting anD CoPYing

PuBliC reCorDs? ...................................................................................................1621. W y cy c pc pbc cd? ........1622. W y b cp pbc cd? ..............................1623. W y cy c pc c c extensive cc

py b extensive cy c? ...........................163. W d x ? ..........................................................163b. W d cy c ? ....................164c. my cy c c w cd xp ? ..164d. hw d b c b ccd?.......................................................164. my cy q b dp dc py

cy pdc cd d k py? ..................................1644. i cy qd pd q d c bpbc cd?.......................................................................................................165

5. D C. 119, F.s., xp c dd (c d p ) py y b cp pbc cd? ................................165

6. a b dy cc d cp pbc cd c? ..................................................................................................................166

7. my cy c dp, d c? ..........................1668. my cy q pdc d cpy pbc cd b

ccpd y p cpy c c

cy pbc cd? .........................................................................................1669. sd cy c x w pd cp pbc cd? ..........16710. D . 119.07(4), F.s., pcb cy y c

cpy cd p w zd cc w cdcd?...................................................................................................................167

11. W c q k w cp?.......... .............16712. F pcc cd ......................................................................167

. Ck c cd ....................................................................................167(1) Cy cd ......................................................................................167(2) Jdc cd ......................................................................................168

b. Dp hwy sy d m vc c p .................168i. What are the oPtions iF an agenCY reFuses to ProDuCe

PuBliC reCorDs For insPeCtion anD CoPYing? ....................................1681. vy d p ...............................................................................1682. C c ...........................................................................................................168

. rd .......................................................................................................168(1) md ............................................................................................169(2) ijc .............................................................................................170


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(3) Dcy by c .....................................................170b. Pcd ...........................................................................................171

(1) Dcy ..............................................................................................171(2) h .................................................................................................171(3) In camerapc ..............................................................................171(4) m ...............................................................................................172(5) sy .......................................................................................................173

c. ay d c ................................................................................1733. C d c c p ......................................................175

J. What are the reQuirements For maintenanCe, storage anDretention oF PuBliC reCorDs? ....................................................................1751. mc d cd .......................................................................1752. Dy cd cc .............................................................................1763. r d dp cd ..........................................................................176

. r cd pbc cd ...........................................................176

b. exp cd ..............................................................................................177c. edc bd by w c c ............................................177d. Dpc cd ..........................................................................................177

APPENDICES

a. PuBliC reCorDs anD meetings Constitutional amenDment .....178

B. government in the sunshine laW anD relateD statutes ............178

C. the PuBliC reCorDs aCt ..................................................................................182D. eXemPt, ConFiDential anD limiteD aCCess PuBliC DoCuments

anD meetings eXemPtion summaries .....................................................211

e. rule 2.420, PuBliC aCCess to JuDiCial BranCh reCorDs, Fla. rulesoF JuDiCial aDministration ..........................................................................279

F. seCtion 11.0431, FloriDa statuteslegislative reCorDs;eXemPtions From PuBliC DisClosure. FloriDa legislative rulesrelating to oPen government ..................................................................284

g. taBle oF aPPellate Cases (s lw d Pbc rcd ac) ...................291

inDeX to manual anD eXemPtions.....................................................................307


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2013 FIRS AMENDMEN FOUNDAIONBOARD OF RUSEES

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MA WALSHPublisherHE SARASOA OBSERVER1970 m ss, Fl 342369413663468e: [email protected]

DICK BACHELORFounder and PresidentDICK BACHELOR MANAGEMENGROUP, INC.201 s. o a, #960od, Fl 32801(407) 8414311


PEE WEIZELrustee Emeritus1121 Cd Bd, F603Ky Bcy, Fl 33149(202) 2516672e: [email protected]

FRANK DENONEditorFlorida imes-UnionP.o. Bx 1949Jck, Fl 32231(904) 3594197

[email protected]

BRIAN CROWLEYPrincipalIMMEDIACY PUBLIC RELAIONS, INC.1208 u.s. hwy o, s Dn P Bc, Fl 33408(561) 7767659(561) 7766321 (x)

e: [email protected]


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A Public Policy o Open Government

INRODUCION

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T b p qy ckwddpcy pccby, d c , d ccy d

dc k. Fy, , Fd w d q p b jd by c db cqc. W p w k, d w d b k.

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s w m wc d ppcd. P wdc : oc ay g, T Cp, Pl01, t, Fd 32399.

Pam BondiAttorney General


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Legislative Highlights

Te w e e te e ct ct wc cced d te 2012 etvee et t te pbc t cce t eet d ecd.

Biomedical research grants and peer review meetingsrecd et t eec tppct cted p e cdet d exept d pt eet pee evewpe wee ppct e dced e exept pe eet eqeet. Chapter2012-15, Laws o Florida, creating s. 381.92201, F.S.Also published at 215.56021, F.S.

Census address inormationTe pbc ecd exept uted stte Ce Bedde t w epeed. Chapter 2012-216, Laws o Florida, repealing s. 119.071(1)(g), F.S.

Construction bidsntwttd . 119.071(1)(b), F.s., [pvd pbc ecdexept eed bd eceved pt t cpettve ctt], tte c eceecev eed bd pt t cpettve ctt ctct ep pbcbd pbc wk, t pe te bd t pbc eet cdcted cpce wt .286.011, F.s., d ce cet bdde d pce t t tt eet. Chapter2012-211, Laws o Florida, creating s. 255.0518, F.S.

Department o Citrus research reportnpbed ept dt eted t tde eec ed ct t, ct t jce te pdct d bypdct tee tt cdcted ded by te Deptet Ct pt t . 601.13, F.s. cdet dexept. Chapter 2012-183, Laws o Florida, amending s. 601.10, F.S.

Domestic and sexual violence victimsup peett te tted pcedeveped t ebe pette t eqet tct evce te jct ptectt detc vece, epet vece, ex vece, dt vece d eted ctct, t ed by cek ct d w eceet ece cjct wtt pce wc eve te e epyet teepe be, te peced e detct te pette exept . 119.07(1) p wtte eqet by te pette.sc t cee t be exept 5 ye te ecept te wtte eqet. Chapter2012-154, Laws o Florida, amending ss. 741.30(8) and 784.046(8), F.S.

Donor inormationi d ppectve d dt de te beet

pbcy wed pe t cete, deed te exept, dee t e y,t tt wd dety te e, dde teepe be tt d ppectved cdet d exept. Chapter 2012-12, Laws o Florida, creating s. 265.7015, F.S.a, te detty d ppectve d t te Fd htc Cpt d te letvereec Cete d me dect-ppt zt w dee t e y cdet d exept. Chapter 2012-11, Laws o Florida, amending s. 272.136, F.S.

Florida College System (ormerly community college) personnel recordsTe extexept Fd Cee syte pee ecd w ded t dee te ecd wccttte cdet ted cce ecd. Chapter 2012-46, Laws o Florida, amending s.

1012.81, F.S.

Ofcers-electoce-eect (deed t e te gve, letet gve, atteygee, Ce acte d Ce Fc oce) e eqed t dpt dpeet ebe ee t ee cpce wt te pbc ecd bt et t C. 119, F.s. Pbc ecd ce-eect be ted ccdce wt tepce d pcede te pbc ce t wc te ce bee eected. Chapter 2012-25, Laws o Florida, creating s. 119.035, F.S.


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Personal inormation o selected public ofcers and employeesseve ce wee de t. 119.071(4)(d), F.s.:

1. Dte bt w dded t te pe t, c e ddee dteepe be, te ce d epyee (d te pe d cde) wc exepted . 119.071(4)(d), F.s. (Cpte 2012-149, lw Fd).

2. Te te teepe be ed . 119.071(4)(d), F.s., deed. (Cpte

2012-149, lw Fd).3. Te ttte w eded t cde e jtce d jde. (Cpte 2012-149,

lw Fd). i ddt, cet d e vett d pect te Deptet Be d Pe ret e w cded, e cty tx cect, tevett, pect d tx cect ve de ebe eft t ptect c t be ccebe t te e vbe t te pbc. (Cpte 2012-214, lw Fd).

4. Te te w eceet pee w ced t tte tt te exept ppet w cv w eceet pee. (Cpte 2012-149, lw Fd).

Title insurance proprietary inormationPpety be t pvded by ttece ece d e t te oce ice ret cdet d exept.Chapter 2012-207, Laws o Florida, creating s. 626.84195, F.S.

Unclaimed property reportsTe ttte pvd cdetty c ecty bed ppety dete cted ept ced ppety ed by te Deptet Fc sevce, w eded t ete te except t te exept wc wed eee ptected t t cet pe. Chapter 2012-227, Laws o Florida, amendings. 717.117, F.S.

PAR IGOVERNMEN IN HE SUNSHINE LAW

A. WHA IS HE SCOPE OF HE SUNSHINE LAW?

Fd g s lw, . 286.011, F.s., cy d s lw, pd cc pcd pbc bd c b d c . T w qy ppcb cd dppd bd, d pp y w b bd dc wc w by c b bd c. mbc

c bd c bjc s lw, y yk c. T bc q . 286.011, F.s.:

(1) pbc bd c b p pbc;(2) b c c b ; d(3) b k d ppy cdd.

T cp x g s lw d d y b d appdx B.

a c cc c pbc bd czd a. i, . 24, F. C. See Frankenmuth Mutual Insurance Company v. Magaha, 769 s. 2d1012, 1021 (F. 2000), s lw b c d yd. vy c pbc bd cd by p d c p w xcp jdcy d l, wc w c p q cc. T y xcp bdby w by C. T cp x a. i, . 24, F. C., y b d

appdx a .


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4

B. WHA AGENCIES ARE COVERED BY HE SUNSHINE LAW?

1. Are all public agencies subject to the Sunshine Law?

T g s lw pp y bd c y cy y y cy y y cy, cp cp,

pc bd. T pp pbc c bd w , c w . City o Miami Beach v. Berns, 245 s. 2d 38 (F. 1971). a Fd bjc q s lw pccy xpd. Sarasota Citizens or Responsible Government v. City o Sarasota, 48 s. 3d755, 762 (F. 2010).

T s lw qy ppcb cd d ppd bd c.ago 73223. spc dc bd (ago 74169) d bd cd by c (ago 8416) cdd. And seei. op. m, Jy 20, 2009 (s F ay,cd by pbc cp, bjc s lw). C. urner v. Wainwright,

379 s. 2d 148, 155 (F. 1 DCa 1980), armed and remanded, 389 s. 2d 1181 (F. 1980)( q c bd b p pbc d py bd cd py dc ).

2. Are advisory boards which make recommendations or committees established only oract-nding subject to the Sunshine Law?

a. Publicly created advisory boards which make recommendations

ady bd d c cd by pbc c y b bjc slw, cd bd p c .T dp q w c b dd dcky, ppd cd y. SarasotaCitizens or Responsible Government v. City o Sarasota, 48 s. 3d 755, 762 (F. 2010). W c b dd dck y, c bp pbc cy, d w pcd y d by d bdy. Id.

F xp, own o Palm Beach v. Gradison, 296 s. 2d 473 (F. 1974), czp c ppd by cy cc z dc wd b bjc s lw. T Gradison c, ccd c

d cc k dc, d y cbd by tw Cc c y yp dy cpcy wd b bjc p w. Id. 476. See also Spillis Candela &Partners, Inc. v. Centrust Savings Bank, 535 s. 2d 694, 695 (F. 3d DCa 1988) (c

wc cpd p w pcy ccpd by bd d c c dck pc d w bjc . 286.011; d c dy bd, pw d k cd pbc cy d p y bd cy y wy, bjc s lw); d Lyon v. LakeCounty, 765 s. 2d 785 (F. 5 DCa 2000) (s lw pp p w ccd by cy dc dy cpcy cy ). Accord

ago 9813 (cz dy c ppd by cy cc k cd cc d cy d cy c), d 0184 (c dy cccd p . 229.58 [w . 1001.452], F.s).

T s lw d b dd b dy c bjc s lw. i wd, b c dby q b cd ppd bd. See Monroe County v.Pigeon Key Historical Park, Inc., 647 s. 2d 857, 869 (F. 3d DCa 1994) ([t] slw qy bd b bd, b y dy c b


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cd c). accdy, bc y xp, y w b dc y wc b c y b k b p pbc, cd pbc, d kp.

b. Advisory committees appointed by a single public ocial

T s lw pp dy c ppd by pbc c w ppd by c bd. F xp, Wood v. Marston, 442 s. 2d934 (F. 1983), Fd sp C dd s lw ppd d c dy c ppd by y pd c ppc dk cd p w c d, bc c, dcd

wc ppc jc cd, pd pcybd, dckc. See also Silver Express Company v. District Board o Lower ribunal rustees, 691 s. 2d1099 (F. 3d DCa 1997) (c bd by cy pc dc cd dk cc pp bjc s lw). Accordago 0505 (c dyp w cd by c pc d cy c d cd w

d pc c wd p b s lw); 8576 (d cc ppd by y pp k cd cc );8742 (d c c ppd by y w Cb Cc d dpp cy ppy); d i. op. l, a 2, 1993 ( ppd by y k cd d z).

c. Fact-nding committees

a d xcp ppcby s lw dy c b czd dy c bd cd y. [a] c bjc s lw c y b dd cd y d y cdc c c. Sarasota Citizens or ResponsibleGovernment v. City o Sarasota, 48 s. 3d 755, 762 (F. 2010). See also Cape Publications, Inc.v. City o Palm Bay, 473 s. 2d 222 (F. 5 DCa 1985). Accordago 9506 (w p, b pbc y, c y cd w dck y, bd c bjc s lw cd).

i d w c bjc s lw, c c c b czd d w xc p dck c by p d k cd bdy. i. op. rdp, J 10, 2010. T, dy c dck c dd cd, s lw ppcb. See Wood v. Marston,442 s. 2d 934, 938 (F. 1983), cz w c d c c d c c d cp ppc, c d qydpd dck c c ppc by dcd wc ppc jc cd, d w bjc s lw.

sy, ago 9421, ay g oc dd s lwd (cpd y, cy d, d p dd by p y) w cd by cy c w p z b cy. e c

pdd w bjc c d pp by cyc, w zd d cd wd bpcp dck pc by ccp p w jc p cy c. Id.

m, cd xcp pp y dy c d bd dck y. Finch v. Seminole CountySchool Board, 995 s. 2d 1068, 10711072 (F. 5 DCa 2008). i Finch, c d cd xcp dd ppy c bd dck


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bdy; bd cd k cd b w cpy w slw c bd b w pd c by w ,dd dc pc p, d w k d p.

d. Sta committees

T s lw pp cd ppd bd; d dyppy c . See, e.g., Occidental Chemical Company v. Mayo, 351s. 2d 336 (F. 1977), disapproved in part on other grounds, Citizens v. Beard, 613 s. 2d 403(F. 1992); School Board o Duval County v. Florida Publishing Company, 670 s. 2d 99, 101(F. 1 DCa 1996); d ago 8939. C. ago 0863 ( d by c pc d dj bd p bjc . 286.011, F.s.). T, c cpd pb d d dck cd c bjc slw. Bennett v. Warden, 333 s. 2d 97 (F. 2d DCa 1976) ( c ppd bypbc c pd p py wk cd bjc s lw).

accdy, cy dd s lw w cy pycdcd c d w w, d dc d dc cp [c]c d y, dy, c c d c s lw. Baker v. Florida Department o Agriculture and Consumer Services, 937 s. 2d 1161(F. 4 DCa 2006), review denied, 954 s. 2d 27 (F. 2007). And see Knox v. District SchoolBoard o Brevard, 821 s. 2d 311, 315 (F. 5 DCa 2002), d s lw dd ppy p c bd py w pd wppc, wc w by pd c pd w

cd: [a] s d cc w xc cd d dy c d.

sy, c Lyon v. Lake County, 765 s. 2d 785 (F. 5 DCa 2000), d s lw dd ppy w dc w y, w dd d d y dcky d , d w c w k cd b k . See also Molina v. City o Miami, 837 s. 2d 462, 463 (F. 3d DCa 2002) (pcdc c bjc s lw bc c b w cd dy cpcy c);dJ.I. v. Department o Children and Families, 922 s. 2d 405 (F. 4 DCa 2006) (slw ppcb Dp Cd d F pcy cdcd d w p p ).

hw, c b dd dck y ppd cd , s lw pp c. SeeWood v. Marston, 442 s. 2d 934, 938 (F. 1983). i c pd, kp c pxy c dc, wc d

w c cpd bjc s lw. Id. See News-PressPublishing Company, Inc. v. Carlson, 410 s. 2d 546, 548 (F. 2d DCa 1982), ccd wd b dc d c c d by s lw

w c b pbc, w pby c pbc, b d c y cp s lw c dd w w c, d c , y; d Evergreen the ree reasurerso Charlotte County, Inc. v. Charlotte County Board o County Commissioners, 810 s. 2d 526,531532 (F. 2d DCa 2002) ( c b dd dck y pbc c c b b d c pbcc s lw ccd).


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T, Silver Express Company v. District Board o Lower ribunal rustees, 691 s. 2d1099 (F. 3d DCa 1997), dc c dd c cpd py w cd by c pc dc d d cc pp w bjc s lw. T c jb wd pp, d wc w ccpb d k ccdy wc b c w cp s lw. See also Roscow v. Abreu,

n. 03Ca1833 (F. 2d C. C. a 6, 2004) (c cd by dp p d cpd c , c d d c w bjc s lw bc c w pb c d pcd d pb xp sc Pkwy); ago 0506 (cydp w c, cpd cy c d p cy dp w d pp dp ppc, bjc slw); d ago 8651 (d c c ppd by w dc ddd dck y cd pjc c ppdcq pjc cpy w s lw c c y bcpd y dc d dc d cd bjc

c by dc bd).

sy, Dascott v. Palm Beach County, 877 s. 2d 8 (F. 4 DCa 2004), c d p cc p bd p cy dcd cpd dp d, p dc d q ppy dc d b d s. e cy d d y dcp py, y d b dd dp d w c y w b p.

By c, Sarasota Citizens or Responsible Government v. City o Sarasota, 48 s. 3d

755, 763 (F. 2010), C d cy d dc w dc w d dd w bb dd s lw bc d cd y d . accd C, [] w [ d]d dd cd d j dc. C. Dascott v. Palm Beach County, [supra].See also McDougall v. Culver, 3 s. 3d 391 (F. 2d DCa 2009) dJordan v. Jenne, 938 s. 2d526 (F. 4 DCa 2006).

3. Are private organizations subject to the Sunshine Law?

T ay g oc czd p z y bjc s lw p z b cd by pbc y, b dd y p c, py p dck pc pbc y. ago 0727.

hw, dcd bw, s lw pp p cd by w by pbc c, d p pd c c d c b c pc pbc d.

a. Private entities created pursuant to law or by public agencies

T sp C d [] l dd xd ppc p ccp bd y bd c , y cy pc bd wc [ l] d c. City o Miami Beachv. Berns, 245 s. 2d 38, 40 (F. 1971).

T, p y b cd by w by pbc cy p pbcc, s lw y pp. Seeago 0008 ( bd c cdby pbc cy y bjc c 286.011, Fd s). F xp,

ago 0444, ay g dd p cp bd by


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w cc wk p Dp Cc, w bjc s lw. And seeago 9842 (c y dd z c Fd pbc c), 9717 (p cp cd by cy dp cy p dp p), d 9801(bd c d cd p cc b bw cy d py ). C. . 20.41(6) d (8), F.s., pd c

, dcbd , dpd, p cp bjc [ Pbc rcd ac], d, w cd y cc q xpd d, bjc . 286.011286.012, pbc .

b. Private entities providing services to public agencies

mc d ppc p w pz d b w pbc c b pbc cd, d c kd C. 119, F.s., d ppcby s lw.See Cape Coral Medical Center, Inc. v. News-Press Publishing Company, Inc., 390 s. 2d 1216,

1218.5 (F. 2d DCa 1980) (c pc bd C. 119, F.s., d . 286.011,F.s., , y d b d ); Wood v. Marston, 442 s. 2d 934, 938 (F. 1983);d Krause v. Reno, 366 s. 2d 1244, 1252 (F. 3d DCa 1979).

a c pzd yz ppc C. 119, F.s., db w c, cp pbc d by p cp, , d , c b z w b p q. See, e.g., News and Sun-Sentinel Company v. Schwab, witty & Hanser ArchitecturalGroup, Inc., 596 s. 2d 1029 (F. 1992) (cd p cc bjc C.119, F.s., y bc ccd w c bd).

sy, p cp p c pbc cy d ccp c c by p bjc slw pbc cy c b dd .

McCoy Restaurants, Inc. v. City o Orlando, 392 s. 2d 252 (F. 1980) ( by w y pbc p bjc s lw); d

ago 9847 (s lw d ppy p z w z c d d p b cc pcp d p d b cy). C. ago 8045 ( cp mdc, mdcd, d , d by p p p d , d, bjc p s lw); d i. op. gz d Cy, Dcb 17,2009 ( cp d d bjc p cc dp z s lw).

hw, p y bjc s lw pybc y d b w pbc c, s lw c ppy pbc y dd pc pbc pp p y. Memorial Hospital-WestVolusia, Inc. . nwJ Cp, 729 s. 2d 373, 382383 (F. 1999).

T, Keesler v. Community Maritime Park Associates, Inc., 32 s. 3d 659, 660 (F. 1DCa 2010), review denied, 47 s. 3d 1289 (F. 2010), c dd dpd

p cp cd by Cy Pc w dp pbc w ppy bjc q s lw. Compare

Memorial Hospital-West Volusia, Inc. v. News-Journal Corporation, 927 s. 2d 961 (F. 5 DCa2006), wc F Dc ppd y c News and Sun-Sentinel Co. v. Schwab, witty & Hanser Architectural Group, Inc., supra, d dd p cp pcd p d py d pbc py w c b pbc cy d w bjc Pbc rcd ac s lw.


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i ccdc w pcp, ay g oc d w b bjc s lw: Fy sc C, ic., bd dc, p c Dp Cd d F wc c wdy b pd by dp, ago 0003; a m Fd

w p d dd d g appp ac, ago 9643; pz dd by cy cy dd c cc,

ago 9849; p cp pccy cd cc w cy p pbc c cy ppy cqd by pbc d, ago 0253; dwwdp k c wc, ppd by cy c, d pc cy c w cd dww p , ago 8555; d pp cp, cy ccp cp w, cdy d ppd d cy z cd, ago 8395. C. i. op. Bd, Dcb28, 2005 (p p z wc d w cy p , cd cy d pp, d d ppy cy, d cpy w s lw w d dc k dcd ).

c. Application o the Sunshine Law to specic private entities

(1) Direct-support organizations

i ago 0527, w pb p cp cdp dcpp z d z p pbc cy, ay g oc ccdd z w bjc s lw. See also i. op. C, J 27, 1990 (s lw pp c dc dcpp z cd p ; dc

pp z c p p cp, y k dcc bd cy c dc d d cy). And seeago 9253 (J d mb r m a Fd, ic.,bd p p cp cy c bjc s lw), d 1101 (s lw pp Bcy PkFd, ic., cd p d c y b v Bcy Pk d dd c v pp pc , pp, d, d v).

(2) Economic development organizations

T s lw pp p cc dp y w b d pbc cy y cdc pbc b c cy cy cc dp c p. ago 1030. See also ago 1044(s lw pp p cp dd y cy cy cc dp p). Comparei. op. gz d Cy, Dcb17, 2009 (p w dd ppy p cc dp cpc d pbc cy c w pp d cpdd pp py p dck pc cy). Accordi. op. hc d T, spb 15, 1992 (s lw ppcb pp cp bd by c b pp cc dp

w d c by y c y ccd d cp d c dy cpcy y c y).

(3) Homeowners associations

T s lw d y ppy w c bd dc. i. op. F, J 7, 1996. o cc cd d c. See, e.g., . 720.303(2), F.s. (w c bd dc d y c k dc d xpd c


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d y bdy y pp cc p pcc pc ppy wd by cy d); . 718.112(2)(c), F.s. (cd bd d); . 719.106(1)(c), F.s. (cp bd d); d . 723.078(2)(c), F.s. (b pk w c bd dc). C. ago 9953 (cc w c w c bjc s lw

w c, p cy dc, w d pp ppc

cy bd p), d 0744 (ppy w c bjc p w w c b cp c x ).

(4) Political parties

m pc p bjc . 286.011, F.s. i. op. a,spb 18, 1979.

(5) Volunteer re departments

i ago 0432, ay g dd bd dc dp pd c cy d c d qpcqd w cy d bjc s lw. C. ago 0008 ( lCy F C F, p cp cd by dc p l Cy, wc w b dc bd dc yby c b bd c c bjc s lw).

4. Are ederal agencies subject to the Sunshine Law?

Fd c, i.e., c cd d d w, p w , d c w pw s lw. ago 71191. T, dycd cc bjc . 286.011, F.s. ago 8416.

hw, bd cd p w, s lw pp dc bd. Seei. op. mk, spb 10, 1996 (cc c bd bystatec p d w bjc s lw); d i. op. g, Dcb 11, 1998 ( cbd p d d w bjc s lw). See also i. op. Kx, Jy 6, 2005 (s. J r ac, ic., p cp d pcy d ac h r i d cd Pp a , c d d , bjc .

286.011, F.s., q); d Roscow v. Abreu, n. 03Ca1833 (F. 2d C. C. a 6,2004) (c cd by dp p d cpd c , c d d c w bjc s lw bc c

w pb c d p cd d pbxp sc Pkwy).

5. Does the Sunshine Law apply to the Governor and Cabinet?

a. Governor and Cabinet

ac iv, . 4 Fd C, b cb cpd y, c c c, d c c. T g d Cb d c dp w xc bc. i dd, gd Cb pb d C. Seea. iv, . 8, F. C.(ccy).

T s lw d ppy pw g d Cb wcd C; , g d Cb dp pd d ccy zd by a. iv, . 8(), F. C., bjc . 286.011,


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F.s. C. In re Advisory Opinion o the Governor, 334 s. 2d 561 (F. 1976) (Ccy pcb xc b ccy pw; , , wd).

sc 286.011, F.s., w, d ppy c g d Cbwc y pb ppd d d C. T,

g d Cb bjc s lw w cpcy bd cd by l w pw pcbd by l, c Bd t i ip t Fd Fd Dp lwec. i c c, g d Cb xc pw dd C b bjc d d c l.

m, a. i, . 24, F. C., q y c pbc bdy xc bc b p d cd pbc. T y xcp c cc wc b xpd by lp a. i, . 24, F. C., wc pccy cd by C.

b. Meetings between the Governor, President o the Senate, or Speaker o the House oRepresentatives

ac iii, . 4(), F. C., pd, p, pd ,bw . . . , pd , pk p, pp wc p c w b k bq, wc c k, d pd d, b by p pbc.

6. Does the Sunshine Law apply to commissions created by the Constitution?

Bd c cd by C wc pcb xc c pw bjc . 286.011, F.s., w cy ccy pcbd d. See Kanner v. Frumkes, 353 s. 2d 196 (F. 3d DCa 1977)(jdc c bjc . 286.011, F.s.). C. In re Advisory Opiniono the Governor, 334 s. 2d 561 (F. 1976) (ccy pw d x by c; C cy pcb xc pw); d ago 7765 (C. 120, F.s., ppcb C r Cbd by a. Xi, . 2, F. C.). Compare urner v. Wainwright, 379 s. 2d 148 (F. 1DCa), armed and remanded, 389 s. 2d 1181 (F. 1980), d P C,

wc a. iv, . 8(c), F. C., cz y b cd bylaw, bjc . 286.011, F.s.

hw, a. i, . 24, F. C., b c cc y c pbc bdy xc bc by pd c b p d cd pbc xpd by l p

a. i, . 24, F. C., pccy cd by C.

7. Does the Sunshine Law apply to the Legislature?

ac i, . 24, F. C., q l b p d cd

pdd a. iii, . 4(), F. C., xcp w pc xpd by l p a. i, . 24, F. C., pccy cd by C.

And seea. iii, . 4(c), F. C. ( b d p pdb c d, p q w b c bc, y q, b cdd).

P a. iii, . 4(), F. C., pcd c l pd c d bc c d j cc c b p d cd. sc pd:


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[a] pd , bw w b , bw , pd , pk p, pp wc p c w b k bq , wc c k, d pd d, b by p pbc. a p b bjc d d dc. T

c b pd d dd by c , d c c d f c cb d y,

w by cy cy pp pc w ppb c, pd c c . ec b jd p, p, d c c.

i ccdc w ac iii, . 4(), b s d h rp dpd p c. T x c ocb 1, 2012,y b d appdx F.

8. Does the Sunshine Law apply to the judiciary?

T p p d a. i, . 24, F. C., d cd jdcy. i dd, p pw pcp k ky s lw, c, cd ppy c bd p a. v, F. C. ago8397. T, q cc jdc pcd y d c p d pbc jdc pcd, ad. vi, u.s. C., dd p, ad. i, u.s. C.

hw, cc cfc c bd by Legislature

pp yd cfc c bjc s lw, c jd d b, bc cc cfc c cd by l,bjc d d c. ago 8397. And see Canney v. Board o Public Instructiono Alachua County, 278 s. 2d 260 (F. 1973) (s lw pp qjdc c; bd xc qjdc c p jdc bc ).

a. Criminal proceedings

a c p pw c cdc pcd b .Miami Herald Publishing Company v. Lewis, 426 s. 2d 1 (F. 1982); d State ex rel. Miami

Herald Publishing Company v. McIntosh, 340 s. 2d 904 (F. 1977). a pd c pcd b dpd pd b bc bw d p d pbc cc, d, jdc pc, d p dd c pcd b p jy. Lewis, supra 7. C c pcd ccpb y w:

1) cy p d d jc;

2) b, c , wc wd pc dd ; d

3) c wd b c pc dd w b bd cy ccp pp.

And see Bundy v. State, 455 s. 2d 330, 339 (F. 1984), c ppyd cb d pb pjdc c p pbcyd b pbc cc p pcd.

ac i, . 16(b), F. C., pd c c w p,cd x k cd c, d b d, b p, d


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b d w , cc c pcd, x d w c ccd. See Sireci v. State, 587 s. 2d 450(F. 1991), cert. denied, 112 s.C. 1500 (1992) (c dd by w w d c c y). See also . 960.001(1)(), F.s.,c xc c, w p, x k.

b. Civil proceedings

s all , c d c, pbc d pp pbc cc pcd, sp C Barron v. FloridaFreedom Newspapers, Inc., 531 s. 2d 113 (F. 1988), w c wc b cdd by c d q c c pcd:

1) pp p x c pcd;2) b pbc d w d d c y c d w

bd p b py k c;3) c d cc y w cy

) cpy w bd pbc pcy C, , c w;b) pc d c;c) pc cp ;d) b dc ppy d c;) d b jy c d p; ) d b jy py by dc pcd by

c w pcy y pcc yp cpcd b cd.

4) w b b ccp dd d

x, c c cy ccp pp d;5) pp p c pp w pc d py k c c bd jy c.

And see Amendments to the Florida Family Law Rules o Procedure, 723 s. 2d 208, 209(F. 1998), pp B dd d pbc cc cpcd d cd [] p w; pd

w c c c pp c ccc pc dy; w p ppy

w y cd; d cdc jdc d, wc wdb b d y ccy.

c. Depositions

W c czd c pcd pbc d pbcy cc c pcd, pbc d p d d F ad pcd d dcy dp. See PalmBeach Newspapers, Inc. v. Burk, 504 s. 2d 378, 380 (F. 1987), cert. denied, 108 s.C. 346(1987), w dcy dp c c jdcy cpd pp w p d pp, y jdc pcd.

Accord Post-Newsweek Stations, Florida, Inc. v. State, 510 s. 2d 896 (F. 1987) (d d c d ppy d p dcy dp c c); dSCI Funeral Services o Florida, Inc. v. Light, 811 s. 2d 796 (F. 4 DCa 2002) (pdpc d c dp d bd pcy cc). C. Lewis v. State,958 s. 2d 1027 (F. 5 DCa 2007) (w Burkppd d dp d d , c c pc, d dd pc, cddp, bjc dc c bc ).


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d. Florida Bar grievance proceedings

a y c Fd B d s lw by w d c c B w jcd Florida Bar v. Committee, 916s. 2d 741, 744745 (F. 2005): T c c B p, d B jd pb [ y] dc. T C d

d Te Florida Bar: In re Advisory Opinion, 398 s. 2d 446, 447 (F. 1981), [] c c w py jdc c.

e. Grand juries

sc 905.24, F.s., pd []d jy pcd c; , pcd bjc . 286.011, F.s. See Clein v. State, 52 s. 2d 117, 120 (F. 1951)( pcy w d pcd d j pbc cy); d Inre Getty, 427 s. 2d 380, 383 (F. 4 DCa 1983) (pbc dc d jy pcdcd yd c). T d jy b d

cd bc jdcy, d , ppd, djc cc c.State ex rel. Christian v. Rudd, 302 s. 2d 821, 828 (F. 1 DCa 1974). C. Butterworth v. Smith,110 s.C. 1376 (1990), k dw Fd x pbd w dc w y b d jy d jy dd.

i dd, c d jy pcd cd. T pcdp cpd . 905.28(1), F.s., p p d jy dd wc ccpd by b dc, ckd w d ccy jyd by d jy cp dc, db, d pdc. T, wpp cc d jy pcd d d .

In re Grand Jury, Fall erm 1986,528 s. 2d 51 (F. 2d DCa 1988).

Andsee Palm Beach Newspapers, Inc., v. Doe, 460 s. 2d 406 (F. 4 DCa 1984) ( cy d d jy c pcd wc c w pc . 905.24); d In re Subpoena to estiy Beore Grand Jury Directed to Custodian o Records, 864F.2d 1559 (11 C. 1989) (w c d d c c c pcd, c qd wpp d c d jy pcd).

. Judicial nominating commissions/Judicial Qualications Commission

Jdc c sp C Fd, dc c

pp, jdc cc c w cc bjc s lw. Kanner v. Frumkes, 353 s. 2d 196 (F. 3d DCa 1977). ac v, . 11(d),F. C., w, q xcp db, pcd jdc c d cd p pbc. W db c cd, c pp b ppcb p pcd

w c w d x d cc. i.op. r, a 2, 1991.

T wd jdc c wk cp jd, w, jdc c cpd by C; , c

c cd p wk cp w bjc . 286.011, F.s.ago 9076.

Pcd Jdc Qc C cd. hw, p d pbb c d c jd jc by c w Ck sp C, pcd c pbc. ac v, . 12()(4), F. C.


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g. Mediation proceedings

(1) Court-ordered mediation

Cdd d d b b cdcd ccd pcc d pcd dpd by Fd sp C. sc 44.102(1) d 44.103(1),

F.s. And see 10.360(), Fd r F Cd d Cappd md (ad cdy d d d exceptwdc qd pd by w d by p.). (..)

Pbc cc cdd d pcd bw w c d cyw d News-Press Publishing Company, Inc. v. Lee County, Florida, 570 s. 2d 1325 (F.2d DCa 1990). iy, jd qd p p p w y bd ; w, d bjcd c dpcd, jd dd d p y dc cd b d d d cc. o pp, dc

c d w b y pbc bd wd b p dpcd d d w cp dd b dc bd dck c q d b p pbc. 570 s. 2d 1327.

sy, OConnell v. Board o rustees, 1 F.l.W. spp. 285 (F. 7 C. C. Fb. 9,1993), c d pbc c, d bjc s lw;, b c bdy d d d cc.

And seeF. r. C. P. 1.720(d), [] py d pbc y qd cdc b p cp 286, Fd s, py b dd pp d cc by pyc pc p w y b y d cd ppp dck bdy y. AccordF. r. app. P. 9.720().

(2) Other mediation proceedings

md cdcd p Fd g Cfc rac, . 164.101164.1061, F.s., wc c p c w y b y bjc s lw. i. op. mcQ, Fby 13, 2002. sy, cd yc y b d dc bjc

d p pp bw w dcd . ago 0603.

h. Statutes providing or closed court proceedings

C c pcd y b cd ccdc w Fd s w:

(1) Adoption: h d d Fd adp ac cd. sc 63.162(1),F.s. See In re Adoption o H.Y.., 458 s. 2d 1127 (F. 1984) ( pd dp b d cd c c).

(2) Dependency: Dpdcy djdcy p pbc , by pcd, c d pbc w cd b d by c . sc 39.507(2). F.s. And see Mayer v. State, 523 s. 2d 1171 (F. 2d DCa),review dismissed, 529 s. 2d 694 (F. 1988) ( q bcd dd F ad).

(3) Guardian advocate appointments: h pp d dc cd. sc 39.827(4), F.s.


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(4) HIV test results: C pcd c w p k cc dccy (hiv) b cdcd in camera p d p c c d pbc cy pbc d pp d jc. sc 381.004(2)()9., F.s.

(5) Pregnancy termination notice waiver: h cdcd ccdc w p

w c q p k pcy cd d cd pbc, pdd by c . sc 390.0111(4)(), F.s.

(6) ermination o parental rights: h p cd d cd pbc. sc 39.809(4), F.s. See Natural Parents o J.B. v.Florida Department o Children and Family Services, 780 s. 2d 6 (F. 2001), pd cy . And see J.I. v. Department o Children and Families, 922 s. 2d405 (F. 4 DCa 2006) (s lw d ppy Dp Cd d Fpcy cdcd d w p

p ). C. Staneld v. Florida Department o Childen and Families, 698 s. 2d 321(F. 3d DCa 1997) ( c y d p w dc p c bc [] c c pb cz xc F ad pbcy dc kwd y bd dpd c dc y cd cdc).

(7) Victim and witness testimony in certain circumstances: excp pdd .918.16(2), F.s., jd c c, xcp d dd, c c w y p d 16 y y p w d

y cc y x . sc 918.16(1), F.s. W c x y cc , c c c, xcp ddd, p q c, d c cpcy. sc918.16(2), F.s. C. Pritchett v. State, 566 s. 2d 6 (F. 2d DCa), review denied, 570 s. 2d 1306(F. 1990) (w c d k y d jy c, ppc .918.16, F.s., dd cd w cp x by ddc pbc ). Accord Kovaleski v. State, 854 s. 2d 282 (F. 4 DCa2003), c dd, 860 s. 2d 978 (F. 2003).

F cp y xp, p appdx D d idx.

C. DOES HE SUNSHINE LAW APPLY O COMMUNICAIONS BEWEENBOARD MEMBERS WHO ARE NO PRESEN IN HE SAME ROOM?

1. Application o the Sunshine Law to telephone conversations, written correspondence,and electronic communications media

a. elephone conversations

P p c bw bd b dc wcby w c b bd c s lw. See State v. Childers,

n. 0221939mmC; 0221940mmB (ecb C. C. J 5, 2003),per curiam armed,886 s. 2d 229 (F. 1 DCa 2004) (p p c d wc w cyc d p c dcd dc d s lw).

b. Written correspondence, e-mails, and other electronic communications between boardmembers

T s lw q bd pbc; bd y k c p dc bd b w cpdc,


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17

cc cc. T, b pbc bd y cp cdc p dc b bd b. ago 8939. And seeago0919 (b cy bd c y cy Fcbk p xc dc by w c b bd c c c); d i. op. m, Jy 20, 2009 (y d dc b pbcy cd bw y b). C. i.

op. gydck, ocb 19, 1995 (c bd b y pp cp cp d d c fc d dd b cp b d cc bw b).

T, pcd wby bd k c c by cc d c bd b w bd b pp dpp pc, s lw. i. op. B, my 29, 1973. And see Leach-Wells v. Cityo Bradenton, 734 s. 2d 1168, 1171 (F. 2d DCa 1999) (c c cd by cycc pp d s lw w cy ck y kd pp bd c b dd w ; c d

w c w qd b k pbc ); dago 9390 (bd zd py pcd wby ddbd b d dd w c bd c cp dbq p dc w py).

hw, c y d w p c bjc w b dcd pbc w s lw, p , c d p c d p,

wc b d pbc cd, b d b c pbc . ago 8923. And seeago 0120 ( cc

cc b pbc cd b d c bjc s lw w d xc cc b c p bjc b c by cc). C. i. op. K,nb 14, 2007 (pcd q cy c k w q c c wdw c d d slw).

i, d, p ccd bd b c wc c b pdd b, c bd b

wc bjc . 286.011, F.s. ago 9003. See also ago 9635 (c bd b ypp d cc d p pp bd b;w, d c c bd b cc p d by bd b wd s lw.

i dd, ay g oc xpd cc pc wbybd b db w p pp bjc b pbc d d b dcd. See ago 0121 (cy cc dc ddb c b cc cc dy cd cy cc d cc p b d cc q ). Accordago 0735. And see ago 0807 (cy cy p c d cy b b bd; w, y bqp by c bjc p cd b cd p bjc s lw); d i. op. J, Jy 22, 2009 (p cpd b).

2. Authorization to conduct public meetings via telephone or video conerencing,computer, or other electronic media


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a. State boards

i ago 9828, ay g oc ccdd . 120.54(5)(b)2., F.s.,z c cdc pbc cc pdd bdcp w pcd dpd by ad C.T c c q d pcd pd p cc

pbc. Seer 28109, F.a.C.

b. Local boards

(1) Meetings

a local bd, ay g oc d z .120.54(5)(b)2., cdc y cc dcy pp y state c. ago 9828. T, c . 1001.372(2)(b), F.s.,q dc c bd d pbc pc cy, q

bd b pycy p c bd. Id.And seeago0956 (w q qd d b cy, q b b b pycy p d c q), d 1034 (cy y dp dc w b cy bd pp by cc c q). C. . 163.01(18), F.s., z c cd byc cdc pbc d wkp by ccd cy.

hw, q c bd pycy p, pcp bb by p cc c cc cy pb wc bc d xdy ccc c [;] . . . [w] bc b d cd cfc c c ccc d b d d jd bd. ago 0341.

F xp, q c bd pycy p pbc , bd y w b w pb pcp d bd c dc pk p w b b pcp dc, b d by bd b d pbc d dck pc d . ago 9455. And seeago 9244 (pcp d by cy c), d 0282 (pycydbd cy dy c bpcp d by cc ).

(2) Workshops

T pyc pc q b qd w cc d cy(c d cc d d d) d w pbc cc d pcp workshop w c w b k. T cc d cy,w, d y q q cy c c b k. Fxp, ay g oc dd p y b y cdc dc d wkp i, pdd pp c , dc cc by b pbc pdd. ago 0166. sc c cc

cd y pbc cc i b dd pc w y bd w p y k cp w i cc b b pbc w y w i cc. Id. F , w,

w q cy c b k, pyc pc b kp q wd b qd bc pd w. Id. icc c , w y b d pd pbc cc. Id. C.

ago 0865, cy p pd dd pbc cc wkp by k cp b pbc by d pypc b by w cp cd.


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hw, cc b bd dc xdd pd dy wk, wc d p pbc pcp , slw by cc c d cc p w. ago 0232. And seei. op. Ccc, mc 23, 2006 ( pbc wd b b pcp , wc ppd cc b bd dc by yc b c xdd pd wd cpy w p

s lw bc bd wd b pbc cy d pcp y dc). Compareago 0865 (cy dybd y cdc wkp w b bd pp c d c cc b pbc pdd).

D. DOES HE SUNSHINE LAW APPLY O A SINGLE INDIVIDUAL OR O AMEEING BEWEEN A BOARD MEMBER AND A NONBOARD MEMBER?

sc 286.011, F.s., pp pbc bd d c, i.e., c bd, d b ppd w b bd c w

dc wc by w c b bd c. T, d dy ppy individualb pbc bd c pbc c w bd c b. i. op. D, Jy5, 1990 (s lw y ppcb w cc b w pcz). See City o Sunrise v. News and Sun-Sentinel Company, 542 s. 2d 1354 (F. 4 DCa1989); Deereld Beach Publishing, Inc. v. Robb, 530 s. 2d 510 (F. 4 DCa 1988) (q ppc s lw bw w pbc c); d

Mitchell v. School Board o Leon County, 335 s. 2d 354 (F. 1 DCa 1976). C. Jennings v.Dade County, 589 s. 2d 1337 (F. 3d DCa 1991), review denied, 598 s. 2d 75 (F. 1992), ex parte(i.e., d y) cc qjdc pcd

pp cc w pjdc dck pc; d . 286.0115,F.s., cd p Jenningsc, cc c pbc c qjdc pcd.

hw, bd dd dck y dd, bd b b d bw cdc de acto bdb, s lw y ppy. ec dcd y bw.

a d by sp C, s lw b cd dc. own o Palm Beach v. Gradison, 296 s. 2d 473, 477 (F. 1974). And seeago 8939 (d cy c bjc s w y bdd dck c d b c, c bw bd b, c pc bd b dc).

1. Delegation o authority to single individual

T s lw d pd y by d xcp; pbcbdy c cp ppc s lw by dk d cdc pbc b . IDS Properties, Inc. v. own o Palm Beach, 279 s.2d 353, 359 (F. 4 DCa 1973), certied question answered sub nom., own o Palm Beach v.Gradison, 296 s. 2d 473 (F. 1974). See also News-Press Publishing Company, Inc. v. Carlson,410 s. 2d 546, 547548 (F. 2d DCa 1982) (w pbc c d d c y c b , pp, d p p wcb c w b k by pbc c, dd y d c pbc c s lw ccd).

T, ay g oc ccdd b bd w b dd y b bd bjc s lw d, , c c c. ago 74294.


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Accordago 8454. sy, w dd b pbc bd, bd bd xc dc bd, cdc y pcd b bd, pcd b d . ago 7541 d7484. And seeago 1015 (pc bjc s lw w xc dd dck y dj bd).

hw, w bd b d b zd y c cd, s lw d ppy. ago 9506. And seeago 9378 ( pbc bd b zd y xp cc pp, w cpp b d bck bdy cd, dc bw bd b d ppc bjc s lw). C. State, Departmento Management Services v. Lewis, 653 s. 2d 467 (F. 1 DCa 1995) (c d cd by bd c d s lw w pp d pd c p d w ppy pd ).

o d, bd b b dd y jc cp cd by bd, bd b p dck c b cdcd . ago 9506 d 9378.See also ago 9017 (w s lw d by cy cc b wp cc pp, bd b b zd,y y, xc y dck y b bd, c pp jc c cc p, bd b c b bd d bjc . 286.011, F.s.). And see Broward County v. Conner,660 s. 2d 288, 290 (F. 4 DCa 1995), review denied, 669 s. 2d 250 (F. 1996) (cs lw pd c pbc bd d y d

p pbc , cy y wd b zd cc c b w c by cy c qd by ). Compare Lee County v. Pierpont, 693 s. 2d 994 (F. 2d DCa 1997),armed, 710 s. 2d 958 (F. 1998) (z cy y k dw xcd ppd p 20%, pcc d , dd s lw).

T, ppcby s lw dc ddw b dd dck y b bd c. i dd, bd, d by w, c dc w y k c, c dc bjc . 286.011, F.s. See City o Sunrise v. News andSun-Sentinel Company, 542 s. 2d 1354 (F. 4 DCa 1989) (c y w pbd cy c dcp cy py d c y w bd c d w c bd, bw y d cy pycc py d w bjc . 286.011, F.s.).

2. Use o nonboard members or sta to act as liaisons or to conduct ade acto meeting othe board

a , dd bd b y c p b c d dc w b bjc s lw q. Sarasota

Citizens or Responsible Government v. City o Sarasota, 48 s. 3d 755, 764 (F. 2010). And seeago 8142 ( c cy cc b xpd w pc w p p cdd pbc d s lw p b d by b dy d cc q . 286.011, F.s.).

hw, s lw ppcb bw bd b d dd w bd b w dd b d bw,


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cdc de acto , bd b. Seeago 7447 (cy b cy cc d y w dd cc b; w, y c bd b by cc d dd cc b). See also i. op. g, ocb 28, 2009 (w dd cyc y k dc , cy d b cz p c k cc by wp w w p pdd

c cd b cdd b de acto c by cd bw c). Compare Sarasota Citizens or Responsible Governmentv. City o Sarasota, supra 765 (p w dd cy c pp pbc ppd d dd [mou] dd s lw bc w b d c mou d [] dc [cy] ccd w yc d y c).

T, cy d k c c p pcc wc w by b cdd by c

pbc d pd b c. ago8923. See also ago 7559 (dc d c c b bdpy d k c b p wc w byb pd cd bd p ).

addy, Blackord v. School Board o Orange County, 375 s. 2d 578 (F. 5DCa 1979), c d cdd cc bw cpd d dd b c bd w bjc slw. W y bw c pd d dd cbd b wd b bjc . 286.011, F.s., w d pd

cc d d pbc c dc pb. T, pd w d dd c bw d dc d [dd] d y bd b p d de acto c bd .286.011, F.s. Id. 580. See also State v. Foster, 12 F.l.W. spp. 1194 (F. Bwd C. C.spb 26, 2005), wc c jcd s lw pdcy c d p bk wc pk d c ddy qd b dd dc c q c . T c dd c y jd d d dc d b d s bc w c

c w cd c c c c.sy, Citizens or a Better Royal Palm Beach, Inc. v. Village o Royal Palm Beach, n.

Cl 9114417 aa (F. 15 C. C. my 14, 1992), c dd cc cp ppy w dd pp ppy wc db dcd d ppd pbc cpd, cy ddy

w cc b d dc ppy w d p. Tcc c d d b c d xc cc, , d s lw. And see SentinelCommunications Company v. School Board o Osceola County, n. Ci920045 (F. 9 C. C.

ap 3, 1992) ( p bw c pd d dd cbd b cd cd cc d c c y d py dd y bd cc, d b d ; w dd bd b pbd py w pd pp ad hocb, s lw b cd pb cd c wc cc pccd).


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n dc k by , w, d b d ppd by bd. T, dc c ccdd Florida Parole and Probation Commission v. Tomas, 364 s. 2d480 (F. 1 DCa 1978), dc pp d by c pbc bd dc bw d dd b bd w bjc s lw. And see i. op. Bc, Jy 2, 1997 (d c w pbc bd d p bd b wc w by c b

bd d c pcdd cc dd bdb w w c, d bd, b d w y k c).

E. WHA YPES OF DISCUSSIONS ARE COVERED BY HE SUNSHINE LAW?

T c dc ppc s lw pcd pbcbd d c. my, b , y xp pc cd. F cp y xp, p appdxD d idx.

1. Inormal discussions, workshops, organizational sessions, election o ocers

T s lw xd dc d db w ck by pbc bd c. T q q b p b d bd d d b pbc bd c b bjc . 286.011, F.s. a Fd sp C d, ccqy d dc bcd w . own o Palm Beachv. Gradison, 296 s. 2d 474, 477 (F. 1974).

accdy, w ppcb any, w c, w b bd c dc wc oreseeablec

w b k by pbc bd c. Sarasota Citizens or Responsible Government v.City o Sarasota, 48 s. 3d 755, 764 (F. 2010). And see City o Miami Beach v. Berns, 245 s.2d 38 (F. 1971); d Board o Public Instruction o Broward County v. Doran, 224 s. 2d 693(F. 1969).

i w d wy c dcdd c wc pbc, y dc. a c czd imes Publishing Company v. Williams, 222 s.2d 470, 473 (F. 2d DCa 1969), disapproved in part on other grounds, Neu v. Miami HeraldPublishing Company, 462 s. 2d 821 (F. 1985):

ey , w y c, pbc c d w cp c d, pbc cc; d dck pc dd c by c b .

T, w b c c bd d s lw w y d p dc b pd py pp d c bd .Citizens or Sunshine, Inc. v. City o Sarasota, n. 2010Ca4387nC (F. 12 C. C. Fby27, 2012). sy, ay g oc dd w

bjc s lw: pbc d by cy cc b w cy ccb d d d pcp dc, i. J, Jy 12, 2009;xc wk d by bd c y dcpcy , ago 76102; wkp p d z c, ago7494; d cc d by w cc b , ago 7462. C. ago 0458 (ccd cdd w cy c dc cy w d dcd cy bjc .286.011 d q c by cy c); d i. op. spc,

ap 23 2003 (w cy c pd pc cc y b cd


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by b cc, s lw d b c pc; [] b , w, b d dc b wc yc b cc cd w pc cy).

sy, s lw pp z bd. Ruf v. SchoolBoard o Collier County, 426 s. 2d 1015 (F. 2d DCa 1983). Dc bw w

b b cp w bd d c d b bjc . 286.011, F.s. ago 9379. addy, s lw ppcb d c c bd. ago 72326 d 7132 (bd y cb c c).

T s lw , , ppcb c cd bd dc, w , wc d d bd c. [t] s lw d pd c b d dy bdp pbc pc. Monroe County v. Pigeon Key Historical Park, Inc., 647s. 2d 857, 868 (F. 3d DCa 1994). See, e.g., i. op. n, my 19, 1980 (

w c d cy cc b dc d bdy wc ycc c d b d bc pp xy ky dc pbc b by cc b [d pp dc k] wk pc ).

2. Condential records discussions

T Fd sp C d bc xp wc pd dcd, . 286.011, F.s., d b cd c xcp. City o Miami Beach v. Berns, 245 s. 2d 38 (F. 1971).

T Pbc rcd ac w dd 1991 dc c d cpcd cd b cd w cd cd . sc 119.07(7), F.s.,pd xp . 119.07, F.s., d py xp . 286.011.T xp . 286.011 b xpy pdd. T, xp Pbcrcd ac d by pc w pbc cy c w xp cd b dcd bc pcc xp s lw. s ago1004 d 9175 (c bd), 0444 (PriDe), 9341 (cy c jc c),d 9188 (p bd).

F xp, w . 288.075(2), F.s., w p cp q cdy

c cd pd cp c Fd, xp ppy cd d d c xp p g s lw . . . . ago 0419.Accordago 8078 d i. op. ry, J 8, 2011.Compare. 288.9551(3), F.s., pd d xp s lw p scpp Fd Fd Cp, w Cp dccd cd . 288.9551(2), F.s.

sy,

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2013 Sunshine Manual