2012 Cotton Production Meeting

2012 Cotton Production Meeting

Stanley Culpepper, University of Georgia, Tifton

BIOLOGY

Integrated to remain

sustainable

Management

programs

Diversity and Integration:

Keys to Surviving in a Palmer World

What makes Palmer special?

BIOLOGY

Integrated to remain

sustainable

Management

programs

Concept of Overlapping Residuals

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Time

Her

bic

ide

con

cen

trat

ion Critical herbicide

concentration

Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby

ValorNo Palmer up

Valor + DirexPalmer up, >15 d

to plant

DirexPalmer up, <15 d

to plant

Reflex + Direx

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

RU + Staple

OR

RU + Dual or Warrant


Direx

+

MSMA

RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.

APPLY VALOR AND/OR DIREX TO EVERY ACRE; MUST BE PALMER FREE AT PLANTING!!!


Valor

Valor + Direx

Direx

Reflex + Direx

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

RU + Staple

OR



Direx

+

MSMA


RU + Staple wins 7 out of 10 times!


Valor

Valor + Direx

Direx

Reflex + Direx

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

RU + Staple

OR



Direx

+

MSMA


Consider direct spraying Warrant mixture if more than 6 leaf cotton!


Valor

Valor + Direx

Direx

Reflex + Direx

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

RU + Staple

OR



Direx

+

MSMA


No brainer…..Suprend great option as well!


Valor

or

diuron

Reflex + diuron

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Cotoran

Reflex + Staple

Staple + diuron

RU + Staple

(Palmer up)




Diuron

+

MSMA


No brainer…..Suprend great option as well!


Valor

or

diuron

Reflex + diuron

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Cotoran

Reflex + Staple

Staple + diuron

RU + Staple

(Palmer up)




Diuron

+

MSMA


Valor before emergence;

diuron + paraquat

less than 5 inch Palmer

48 hr within planting; add

paraquat

10 - 12 d after PRE

(10 day after May 10)

12 - 14 d after POST1


15-18 d after POST2


Valor

or

diuron

Reflex + diuron

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Cotoran

Reflex + Staple

Staple + diuron

RU + Staple

(Palmer up)




Diuron

+

MSMA


Valor before emergence;

diuron + paraquat

less than 5 inch Palmer


paraquat

10 - 12 d PRE


12 - 14 d POST 1


15-18 d POST2

Allows 2 residuals at planting instead of 3 to reduce injury.

Perfect timing for thrips application!

Allows time for activation before PRE breaks down!

Preplant PRE POST1 POST2 Layby

Treflan/Prowl +

Reflex 12 oz

Reflex 8-12 oz

+

Diuron

RU + Staple

(Palmer up)

or


RU + Dual or

Warrant

Diuron

+

MSMA

RR Conventional Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.

Need to plant within 5 days of PPI

0

20

40

60

80

100

80 c

99 a92 b

PRE

3 d

Reflex applied at 1 pt in combination with Prowl.

PPI

Rototiller

PPI

Field cultivator

PPI

Disk

Percent Palmer Control, 2010. TyTy, GA. 38 DAT.


Tillage

or

Valor

or

Diuron

Reflex + Direx

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Staple

Reflex + Cotoran

Staple + diuron

RU + Staple

(Palmer up)

or


RU + Dual or Warrat

Diuron

+

MSMA



Treflan/Prowl +

Reflex 12 oz

Tillage

or

Valor

or

Diuron

Reflex 8-12 oz

+

Diuron

Reflex + Direx

Reflex + Prowl

Reflex + Staple

Reflex + Cotoran

Staple + diuron

RU + Staple

(Palmer up)

or


RU + Staple

(Palmer up)

or


RU + Dual or

Warrant

RU + Dual or Warrat

Diuron

+

MSMA

Diuron

+

MSMA


Must be clean 48 hr within planting; add

paraquat

10 - 12 d PRE

12 - 14 d POST 1

15-18 d POST2

Roundup Ready PLUS Cotton Incentive (Up to $22)

Valor AND Reflex = ($3.00)

Cotoran, Cotton Pro, Direx = ($3.00)*

Warrant 3 pt = ($4.50)*

Dual Magnum 1 pt = ($3.00)

Gramoxone Inteon 2 pt = ($1.00)

*Will pay on 2 applications

0

20

40

2004 2009 2011

37

18

% a

cres

Ignite-based Programs

0

Impact of GR Palmer amaranth on GA.

GR Palmer amaranth control in dryland conservation tillage systems

Prowl + Reflex PRE

Roundup + Dual POST

Diuron + MSMA PD

Prowl + Reflex PRE

Ignite + Dual POST

Diuron + MSMA PD

Making the most of your Ignite!

Water volume

Spray tip and pressure

Time of day you spray

Palmer size

GreenLeaf TwinJet Air Induction

MOST IMPORTANT IS TO HAVE PRESSURE AND NOZZLES THAT GENERALTE MEDIUM (300-400 MICRONS)

0

20

40

60

80

100

99 a

50 b

97 a

6.45 am

8 c

Ignite POST 1 (5” Palmer), Ignite POST 2 (18 d later), Diuron + MSMA layby

12 – 1 pm 6:30 – 7:00 pm 12 – 1 am

Late-season Palmer control with Ignite as influenced by time of day.

Time of Day for Ignite Applications

Macon Co.

Dryland

%

6.45 am 12:30 pm

Ignite POST (5”Palmer), Ignite POST 2 (18 d later), diuron + MSMA layby

Rate

Making the most of your Ignite

GPA Time

Nozzle

Rate

Making the most of your Ignite

GPA Time

Nozzle

Biggest pigweed in the field is 3

inches!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

32 oz/A Gly 4 fb 29 oz/A Ignite on 12” Palmer

Controlling Palmer in LL Cotton. 2012.Pre-plant PRE POST1

1-lf cottonPOST 2

5-7 lf cottonLayby

Valor

or

diuron

Diuron + Prowl

Cotoran + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

Staple + Prowl

Ignite

+

Dual Mag

Ignite Diuron

+

MSMA

Controlling Palmer in LL Cotton. 2012.

Pre-plant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby

Valor

or

diuron

Diuron + Prowl

Cotoran + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

Staple + Prowl

Ignite

+

Dual Mag

Ignite Diuron

+

MSMA

WANT RESIDUAL HERE BUT KINDA STUCK???

Pre-plant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby

Valor

or

diuron

Diuron + Prowl

Cotoran + Prowl

Reflex + Prowl

Staple + Prowl

Ignite

+

Dual Mag

Ignite Diuron

+

MSMA

Valor before Palmer

emergence; diuron + paraquat

less than 5” Palmer


paraquat

12 - 14 d after PRE


14 - 16 d after POST1


14-16 d after POST

2

Controlling Palmer in LL Cotton. 2012.

2012 Ignite Based Programs

1. LibertyLink

2. GlyTol LibertyLink

3. WideStrike


1. LibertyLinkAdvantage: no injury issue with Ignite

Disadvantage: no tolerance to Roundup

0

800

1,600

2,400

3,200

29402940 3015 3010

All systems had diuron PRE and diuron + MSMA applied at layby.

ST 4145 Seed Cotton Yield In Response to Ignite-Based Programs. 2012.

Ignite 32 oz

Ignite 32 oz

Ignite 32 oz + Dual

Ignite 32 oz

Ignite 32 oz + Dual

Ignite 32 oz + Warrant

Ignite 43 oz

Ignite 43 oz

1 leaf

6 leaf

No Ignite: 2925




2. GlyTol LibertyLinkAdvantage: no injury issue with Ignite or Roundup

Disadvantage: limited supply, less data on yield

0

20

40

60

80

100

WMax +

Ignite

WMax 33 oz

Ignite 44 oz

WMax +

Ignite +

Dual

(1 pt)

Percent GlyTol + LL cotton injury from topical applications 7 DAT.

Moultrie, 2010

8 leaf cotton

0 a 2 a1 a 18 b

0

20

40

60

80

100

WMax +

Ignite

WMax 33 oz

Ignite 44 oz

WMax +

Ignite +

Dual

(1 pt)

Percent GlyTol + LL cotton injury from topical applications 7 DAT.

Moultrie, 2010

8 leaf cotton

0 a 2 a1 a 18 b

Seque

ntia

l app

licat

ions

of I

gnite

and

Round

up in

201

2 to

avo

id a

ntag

onsim

?




2. GlyTol LibertyLinkAdvantage: no injury issue with Ignite or Roundup

Disadvantage: limited supply, less data on yield

3. WideStrikeAdvantage: no injury issue Roundup, only tolerance

to Ignite

Disadvantage: You will get injury from Ignite

Phytogen Widestrike Cotton

1. Confers tolerance to Ignite

2. Tolerance not complete; injury will occur and yield loss can occur if you don’t know what you are doing.

3. According to EPA, Ignite can be applied to widestrike cotton.

4. However, grower is liable as neither Bayer nor Dow recommend or warrant the use of Ignite on Widestrike cotton

0

800

1,600

2,400

3,200

2680 b

2916 a

2831 ab

2850 ab

All systems had diuron PRE and diuron + MSMA applied at layby.

ST 4145 Seed Cotton Yield In Response to Ignite-Based Programs. 2012.

Ignite 32 oz

Ignite 32 oz

Ignite 32 oz + Dual

Ignite 32 oz

Ignite 32 oz + Dual

Ignite 32 oz + Warrant

Ignite 43 oz

Ignite 43 oz

1 leaf

6 leaf

No Ignite: 2970

0

20

40

60

80

100

77 b

95 a 96 a

69 c

Six Inch GR Palmer Response to Layby or Hooded Spray Options. Macon, 2012.

Gramoxone +

Direx

Direx + MSMA

Ignite + Valor

Ignite

0

20

40

60

80

100

77 b

95 a 96 a

69 c

GR Palmer Response to Layby or Hooded Spray Options. Macon, 2012.

Gramoxone +

Direx

Direx + MSMA

Ignite + Valor

Ignite

DO NOT APPLY IGNITE MORE THAN TWICE A YEAR

Herbicide Resistance: Will You Survive?

If resistance is one in a billion then you

only need 918 acres to find that plant.

(historically resistance is 1 plant in population of 1-10 million…9.18 acres)

25 plants per square foot emerge = 1,089,000 plants

per acre

2004: GR Palmer Began Changing Agriculture Forever

Time Line For Significant Events in Georgia Weed Management

2009-2011: Significant Adoption of Ignite Programs

2012: GlyTol + LL Cotton Commercialized

2016: Glyphosate + Glufosinate + 2,4-D

Glyphosate + Glufosinate + Dicamba

2017/2018: Glyphosate + Glufosinate + HPPD

2,4-D (3.8 L) 1.5 pt to 8 inch Palmer

12 DAT 24 DAT

Clarity 1 pt 8 inch Palmer

12 DAT 24 DAT

Tomorrow if Ignite works

Herbicide Cost of $39/A

Today RR System

Herbicide Cost of $59/A

Managing Palmer Amaranth in DryLand Production!!

Heavy Residue Deep Turn

Hand weed Cultivate

Georgia growers will not economically survive relying on just herbicides!!!!

Potential Benefits for Georgia Growers

1. Improved Palmer control

2. Protect herbicide chemistry

3. Labor (compared to tillage)

4. Wind and water erosion

5. Prevents GR horseweed

6. Prevents/Lessons GR ryegrass

7. Moisture conservation

8. Reduce herbicide inputs

9. Higher yields on dryland

10. Protection from EPA

11. Reduces thrips damage

Potential Challenges for Georgia Growers

rye

Ripper shank

1. Blowout impacting stand

2. Incorporate herbicides with when strip tilling

3. Spray then roll, roll then spray?

4. Time to get established

5. Increased fertilizer

6. Rubber wheel system

7. Grower comfort

GR Palmer amaranth influence on cotton lint yield (lb/A) in the Roundup system.*

0

200

400

600

800

592 c690 b

Weeds

*RR System: Diuron + Reflex + Staple fb Roundup + Parrlay fb Direx + MSMA

Inversion + rye

Deep inversion

790 a

Rye

480 d

Controlling Palmer Without Killing Cotton With Herbicides!

Seedling depth and vigor Irrigation Schedule

Soil dry or moist at planting?

AT-PLANT HERBICIDES

Cotoran

Diuron

Prowl

Reflex

Staple

Combinations

0

20

40

60

80

100

30 b

10 a

Cotton response to Reflex PRE as affected by watering regime and cotton vigor. TVP, 2011.

Plant Bone Dry

0.4” 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d

Pre-Irrigate 0.75”

Plant Into Moisture

0.4” 3 day

HIGH VIGOR SHALLOW COTTON

0

20

40

60

80

100

30 b

10 a


Plant Bone Dry

0.4” 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d


Plant Into Moisture

0.4” 3 day

HIGH VIGOR SHALLOW PLANTED COTTON VS HIGH VIGOR NORMAL 0.67 INCH PLANTED

0

20

40

60

80

100

41 b

18 a


Plant Bone Dry

0.4” 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d


Plant Into Moisture

0.4” 3 day

LOW VIGOR SHALLOW PLANTED COTTON VS LOW VIGOR NORMAL 0.67 INCH PLANTED

Heavy Residue Deep Turn

Hand weed Cultivate

Georgia growers will not economically survive relying on just herbicides!!!!

Documents

2012 Cotton Production Meeting