WHY DID EUROPEANS EXPLORE THE COAST OF

AFRICA?2012Africa

15th – 18th Centuries

Turks closed off trade routes to Asia!

Prince Henry Established ‘schools’ to teach

NavigationAT TIME OF PRINCE HENRY- 1430-1460

HE SPONSORED EXPEDITIONS OF DISCOVERY THE DOWN THE WESTERN COAST OF AFRICA.

Portuguese CaravelThe caravel was developed in about 1450, under the

sponsorship of Prince Henry the Navigator

Vasco da Gama-First to sail to India around Cape of Good Hope- 1498

Establishment of Sugar Plantations on Islands…

By 1500 the Portuguese had transported approximately 81,000 slaves to these various markets.

Canary IslandsMadeira IslandsCape Verde

Sugar Plantations on the Islands needed workers…

The era of European slave trading was about to begin...

Explores first wanted gold from Africa…..late for work on plantations… slave trade

Triangular TradeTrans-Atlantic Slave Trade

READ ARTICLES ON SLAVE TRADE & VIDEO

Video on Slave Ship(Discovery Education)

After completing assignments continue with presentation.

What were the effects of the Slave Trade to Africa?

Devastation to African Culture and African People

15 Million of Africa’s strongest & healthiest men and women robbed from the continent!

Wealth of labor taken from Africa to the Americas. Slave trade destroyed the incentive to develop cash

crops and a agrarian revolution occurring in other parts of the world.

Lack of industrial revolution & other sources of wealth- created lack of economic development in Africa. Lack of development of infrastructure; electricity, water systems…

Wars/tribal wars weakened governments. Africa's ability to defend itself was seriously

compromised.

Abolitionist Movement Begin!

1750- Abolition Movement- Church of England

1807- End of “Slave Trade”

1808- illegal for British Ship to be involved in slave trade

1833- Britain Abolished Slavery

1863- U.S. Abolished Slavery

1888- Brazil Abolished Slavery

What brought on Abolitionist movement?

IDEAS OF LIBERTY- FRENCH REVOLUTION

SLAVE REBELLIONS

How did the Industrial Revolution help to end slavery?

CHURCH OF ENGLAND- SERMONS AGAINST SLAVERY

INDUSTRIALIZATION REVOLUTION

Industrialization will also bring the need for “raw materials”

Around the time slavery was ending, European explorers travel to the interior of Africa

1850- EXPLORES HAD MAPPED MOST OF AFRICA DAVID LIVINGSTONE

PAUSE HERE, WORK ON IMPERIALISM ASSIGNMENT

2nd Phase of European Contact with Africa

Explores set up treaties with African Kingdoms

which led to colonization in Africa For Europeans, these

treaties meant that Africans had signed away their sovereignties (rights);

but for Africans, the treaties were merely diplomatic and commercial friendship treaties.

Cartoon depicting the Berlin Conference.

Stanley explored Congo for King Leopold of Belgium

Europeans quickly follow King Leopold…Berlin Conference

The Berlin Conference of 1884 regulated European colonization and trade in Africa. 

Fight Against Colonialism

After discovering that they had in effect been defrauded by the European powers

African rulers organized militarily to resist the seizure of their lands and the imposition of colonial domination.

Chancellor of German EmpireOtto Van Bismark

1600s Dutch and Then the British take over (Boer War)

Cecil Rhodes- ardent believer in British colonialism, Rhodes was the founder of the

southern African territory of Rhodesia.

Technology gave Europeans advantage - Medicine & Guns

NEW MAXIM GUN MEDICINE TO PROTECT AGAINST DISEASE.

Age of Imperialism1850-1919, Direct & Indirect

Ethiopia & Liberia were NOT colonized