2010 06 17 UK Social Value1 Huang Haoming China Association for NGO Cooperation (CANGO) The Social Value of Civil Society in China

2010 06 17 UK Social Value 1

Huang Haoming

China Association for NGO Cooperation (CANGO)

The Social Value of Civil Society in China


The Social Value for this Green Communting Campaign

Public BenefitSelf-interesting

Health

To Change Peoples’ Behavior

Social policy Changing

People’s Health

Campaign


Clean Air for Life•Clean air is a vital Clean air is a vital element of a health life. element of a health life. Each day, an average Each day, an average adult breathes adult breathes approximately 20,000 approximately 20,000 times and 15-20 cubic times and 15-20 cubic meters of air.meters of air.•Air pollution from both Air pollution from both mobile and stationary mobile and stationary sources has significantly sources has significantly undermined urban undermined urban citizens’ desire to enjoy citizens’ desire to enjoy clean air.clean air.

Oct.12,2004,Beijing

Oct.12,2004,Beijing


The comparison of pollution level of PM10 between Beijing and the cities in developed countries

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

conc

.of

PM

10（

mg/

m3 ）

2001.1

2001.2

2001.3

2001.4

2001.5

2001.6

2001.7

2001.8

2001.9

2001.1

0

2001.1

1

2001.1

2

2002.1

2002.2

2002.3

2002.4

2002.5

2002.6

2002.7

2002.8

Fig. 1.5 Comparison of monthly average of PM10 between Beijing,Paris and Sydney

Bei j i ngPari sSydney


Vehicle increase in Beijing since 1980

( 年 )

0. 1

0. 5

0. 98

1. 44 1. 58 1. 72

3

4

0

0. 5

1

1. 5

2

2. 5

3

3. 5

4

1980 1990 1995 1999 20002001 2002 2007 2009

million

0.1 － 1 million, 16years ； 2 － 3 million, 4 years

1 － 2 million , 6 years; 3—4 million, 2.5 years


Tail gas

Gasoline vapor

Crankcase vapor

Primary pollutants ： CO ， VOC ， Pb, NO, SO2, CO2, PM, etc.

Secondary pollutants ： O3 ， NO2 ， PM ， SO42- etc.

Pollutants from vehicle


Breathing system

大气颗粒物对人体健康的影响

大气颗粒物对人体健康的影响

circulatory system

Effects of PM on human health


2005 － 2006 Research, the effects of PM from traffic on human health ： monitoring the air quality and counting vehicle flow near road



Launching Ceremony of Green Commuting CaLaunching Ceremony of Green Commuting Campaignmpaign ，， June 1June 1 ，， 20062006

20062006 年年 66 月月 11 日，绿色出行启动仪式日，绿色出行启动仪式


The Green Commuting The Green Commuting Network Founded Network Founded 2007-06-2007-06-

0101


Nanjing’s Activities


Xiamen’s activities


Contributing to greening Beijing Olympic Games

Offset the carbon emission of Olympic Games.

Green Olympics and Green Commuting


BusinessvoluntaryAction

Emissions ReductionCredits

Online Calculator

Green Olympics and,Enjoy low-carbon life-style

Citizen voluntary Action


2008.03.07 ， visit of Journalists organized by BOCOG

2008.07.26 ， Press Conference by BOCOG


Launch on April 3rd, 2008


Online carbon calculator


Comparison between two Different Periods


Total participants: 35 companies and 81410 employees

The length of the campaign: 45 days Total Carbon reduction:

11020 tons of CO2 (compared with status quo) 31840 tons of CO2 (compared with individual

car driving) 11020 Ton

31840 Ton 8000 Ton carbon, Tianpin Company

voluntarily buy with 280,000 RMB Yuan

Carbon Emission Reduction


Residential place distribution


Working place distribution


Public policy changing about the city administration Parking fee: (new

policy) if near subway

station, your payment is only 2 RMB Yuan for one day

If near downtown for 13 areas, your payment is 10 RMB Yuan for first one hour, and second hours for 15 RMB Yuan for one hour

Parking fee:( before policy) 2 RMB Yuan for one

hour (10times difference)

5 RMB Yuan for one hour (if you spend 3 hours for parking in downtown, you need increase payment 25 RMB Yuan, 2.67 times difference


Working time system changing both governmental org and social orgs

Enterprises and social org. Fixed working time

system (9-6) Changing flexibility

working time system to avoid the rush hours it depend on the distance and transportation way (more choice: 8-4.7-3)

Beijing Government orgs. Fixed working

time system (8-5) Changing working

time system to delay one hours to avoid the rush hours ( 9-6)


Public policy changing To reduce the car on

the street The every car shall be

stop one time for one week to unable to drive from 7-20 within five ring areas in Beijing for working time

To increase the public investment for subway and bus system

To use low price for subway and bus

Subway for 2 RBM Yuan with no limitation for your distance

Bus cost for 40 cent with no limitation for your distance

To concern the low income group for social equity


The Civil Society Index in China CSI was implemented in China by NGO Research

Centre at Tsinghua University from late 2003 to late 2005. Guided by a National Advisory group (NAG), the project collected a variety of data, including Regional Stakeholder Consultations covering 6 provinces and 11 cities, Community Surveys conducted in 6 provinces, media review with 5 different media, and the Secondary Data Review, etc. Based on the available data, the NAG met to score the 72 indicators that assess the status of civil society in four dimensions, namely the structure, environment, values and impact. The results for these four dimensions can be depicted in the form of a Diamond


Civil Society Diamond for China

1.0

1.6 1.2

1.8

0

1

2

3Structure

Environment

Values

Impact


Chinese civil society scores best on its Values dimension which indicates that many CSOs are

driven by positive values, such as organisational membership and gender equitable practices. Negative values, such as violence, intolerance and gender discrimination are not very visible in China. CSOs play a strong role in promoting commitments to poverty eradication and environmental causes; however, they are much less prominent when it comes to sensitive areas, such as democracy and government transparency


Values Dimension

This section describes and analyses the values promoted and practiced by Chinese civil society. The value dimension scores highest with 1.8 out of 3, indicating a civil society which is somewhat active in practicing, but less active in promoting positive values. Only a few successful cases of civil society’s value promotion with little overall impact can be observed.


shows scores for seven sub dimensions within the values dimension

2

2

2

2.5

1

1.3

1.5

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Environmental sustainability

Poverty eradication

Gender equity

Non-violence

Tolerance

Transparency

Democracy

Val

ues s

ub-d

imen

sion

s

Scores


Analysis CCSS Chinese civil society scores rather high

in its Values dimension. Civil society organisations, on average, show a significant commitment towards the respect of non-violence, gender, poverty alleviation and environmental protection (scores are 2). The scores for civil society’s promotion of democracy, transparency and tolerance are lower (1), while issues of violence, gender discrimination are not seen as important problems in China.


the internal values of civil society The chart below looks at the internal values of

civil society as assessed by stakeholders. It reveals that values (including democracy and financial transparency) are all rather well practiced inside CSOs and that behaviours violating these values are rare and are mostly denounced by the rest of civil society

However, the proportion of those who are indifferent, choosing “Don’t know”, is high, suggesting that these values are not very prominent or even not accepted by Chinese CSOs


Comparison among CSOs’ promotion activities

The two charts below show that, contrary to the active practice of these values internally, civil society’s promotion of these values in society at large is relatively poor

As shown in the chart above, many of these values are not seen as very important for CSOs

Therefore, CSOs do not currently focus on promoting these values, with the exception of poverty eradication and environmental protection, which are seen as important issues in China’s current situation

P

erce

ntag

e

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

democracy

transparency

tolerance

non-force

gender equity

poverty eradication

environmental prot.


Comparison among activity achievements

Since civil society’s actions on these issues are few, civil society’s impact is seen as less than satisfactory

Therefore, the proportion of negative assessments (limited and insignificant impact) is much higher than that of positive (medium and significant impact)

Again, civil society’s role is recognised to some extent in promoting the values of poverty eradication and environmental protection Don't know significantmoderatelimitedinsignificant

P

erce

ntag

e

50

40

30

20

10

0

democracy

transparency

tolerance

non-force

gender equity

poverty eradication

environmental prot.


Social value and CSOs in China It can be concluded that civil society’

internal commitment to values may be high in China but expressive pro-active promotion of values falls short in comparison with other societies

The value commitment of Chinese civil society is most pronounced in the field of poverty eradication and environmental protection

Chinese CSOs also show some concern for minority groups and gender issues


Social Value for CSOs Democracy

Democratic practices within CSOs (1.0) CS actions to promote democracy (2.0) Indicators Score 1.5

Transparency Corruption within civil society (2.0) Financial transparency of CSOs (1.0) CS actions to promote transparency(1.0) Indicators Score 1.33


Practice on CSOs in China

Tolerance Tolerance within the CS arena (2) CS actions to promote tolerance (1) Indicators Score 1.5

Non-violence Non-violence within the CS arena (3) CS actions to promote non-violence and

peace (2) Indicators Score 2.5


Gender equity Gender equitable practices within CSOs (2) CS actions to promote gender equity (2) Indicators Score 2

Poverty eradication CS actions to eradicate poverty (2) Indicators Score 2

Environmental sustainability CS actions to sustain the environment (2) Indicators Score 2

Social Equity for CSOs


Conclusion

Self interest

Connection among benefit for CSOs/NGOs, gov.and business sector

Public interest

Social values

Social responsibility Action planning


Thanks for Your Attention!

Documents

2010 06 17 UK Social Value1 Huang Haoming China Association for NGO Cooperation (CANGO) The Social Value of Civil Society in China