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SIMPLIFIED GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Term Definition Term Definition

vC Name of person, placeobject, indefinite action,

state of being etc.

p p Partly Flexible Ism

A word confined in adimension of time.

G Non-Flexible

pdA word without meaning

until something follows it. DThe Word before an OF. No Alif Laam +

Always Light

kl Number (a property of bothism & fil )

C D Word After OF. Always Jarr

ldC/kp Singular The one being Described

SN/S Pair\t The description or adjective (must matchmowsoof in all four properties & must come

after mowsoof)

V Plural DF G

pd

Inna, Anna etc. force the ism after them to jar

form

pn Masculine oDzC vC The haadha, dhaalika words. (table in yourbook)

T Feminine C oD The word after ism ul isharah that has ALprefix.

ECpC Status lOG The part before the is or are

p / o Doer/ Subject pGh The part after the is or are

E / H Detail/ Object D Past Tense

opW / pV After Of/ Possessive oD Preset/ Future Tense

p Proper/ Definite E /

h

Light Present Tense, caused generally by an,

lan, kay, idhan.

p Common/ Indefinite rW / hC The Lightest present tense, caused generally byin, lam, lamma, laam, laa of forbidding,

and a conditional statement.

p Fully Flexible Ism pC Command. Must be lightest without the taabeginning from 2

nd person present tense.

R Heavy (present tense) Forbidding. Must be lightest weight 2nd person

with a laa before it.

RC Heaviest (present tense) kpW RR Fils that are three letter words in the past tensehua conjugation.

EDF Shape family lr RR Words that are more than three letter words inthe past tense hua conjugation.

ol Indefinite Action oDV pd A harf that forces the ism after it to jar.

pD /p Pronoun/ Pronouns

DvC Words from the Alladheefamily.

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1. I was eating too much chocolate.

2. My teeth began aching.

3. My dentist game me a root canal.

EC volC lDvEC volC lDvvolC EC lDvvolC EC lDvEC lDv volCvolClDvEC

(SUBJECT) DOER OF THE ACT =p / o(OBJECT) DETAIL OF THE ACT = E / H(POSSESSIVE) AFTER AN OF = opW / pV

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Form of Irab Shortcuts:

Doer of the act = Raf (R)

Detail of the act = Nasb (N)

After an OF = Jarr (J)

Raf Recognition:

(u) or (un) ending for singular

(aa) or (aani) ending for pair (oo) or (oona) ending for pluralA

A

Nasb Recognition:

(a) or (an) ending for singular

(ay) or (ayni) ending for pair(ee) or (eena) ending for pluralJarr Recognition:

(i) or (in) ending for singular

(ay) or (ayni) ending for pair(ee) or (eena) ending for plural

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IRAB

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LIGHT OR HEAVY?

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MASCULINE

Ds

s

s

s

Js

\s

FEMININE

DQs s

Qs sQs \s

BROKEN PLURAL

E

DE

\E

ODs

\ODs\ODs

s

s

s

D

J

\

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What is the Irab of the word in blue?

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Tell Whether The Word is Raf, Nasb, or Jarr

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FULLY, PARTLY OR NON-FLEXIBLE?

THE BOOK

THE ONE WITH AUTHORITY

FLATTERY

SINCERELY, A SINCERE PERSON

THE LINEAGE OR DESCENDANTS OF FIROWN

THE ONES WHO IGNORE

ADAM

THE DESCENDANTS OF IBRAHIM

THE DESCENDANTS OF IMRAN

MARYAM

ZAKARIYYA

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Using the translation as a clue, tell whether any of the words is partly flexible:The sons ofIsrael. 1The progeny ofFirown. 2The nation ofIbrahim. 3The establisher of the prayer 4The reward of the workers. 5By the belly ofMakkah. 6The people of the book.

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The destroyers of the people of this

town 8

The people ofYathrib. 9The nation ofYunus. 10For the people. 11The love ofdesires

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And isnt Allah the one who knowbest?

13Without any support 14Gardens ofEden. 15The nation ofFirown, do they refuse

to be conscious of me? 16

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GENDER

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FEMININE BECAUSE THE ARABS SAID SODuring a , a soldier was

daydreaming looking at a in the

until the came up. When he

snapped out of it, he realized he is the

only left on the battlefield

surrounded by , so he used a full

of water to make a all the way to

safer. In the hot blowing he

was desperately looking for a to

draw water from. In his search, he finds

an empty inside which he finds a

full of. He is tempted despite his

fear of to take a sip but wards off

his temptation and uses his to strike

the drink.

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BROKEN PLURALS: Tell The Number & Gender of the Word

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Tell the Number, Gender and Status:

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Tell the Number, Gender and Status of eacher:

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TYPE

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Are the following Common or Proper?

The Prayers The Middle, The balanced, The Excellent Strange People This Your Lord His Permission The Promise of Allah Drink He The one who The Signs For a nation Zakariyya Oh Lord This Qur

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PRONOUN ASSOCIATIONS

D D

Nasb (attached at the end)

D Jarr (attached at the end)

D D D Nasb (attached at the end)

D D Jarr (attached at the end)

Q E DQE RE D Nasb (attached at the end)

D Jarr (attached at the end)

QE DQE RE D Nasb (attached at the end) D Jarr (attached at the end)

c DE

D Nasb (attached at the end)

D *Jarr (attached at the end)

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The Primary Rules for Idhafah

1. Mudhaf must bea. Lightb. Without Alif Laam

2. Mudhaf Ilaih Must bea. Jarr

3. The Basic Types of Idhafah are:a. Typical: of in translation.b. Pronoun: Attached to an Ism.c. Special Mudhafs

4. The Mudhaf:a. Determines 3 properties.b. Type is dictated by Mudhaf Ilaih

5. Nothing may come between the two.

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3 TYPES OF IDHAFAH

There are many types of Idhafah constructions. The three most important ones to note

are the ones we covered in this course. The rest of them are self evident and one need notget into unnecessary technicalities for a beginners course. Students must be strong in

their ability to recognize a mudhaf + mudhaf Ilaih situation. The best way to do that is to

know these three types of Idhafah well.

Type 1: Conventional Mudhaf + Mudhaf Ilaih

Two isms coming together to produce the meanings The _M _ of M.I..

Here are some English examples with their Arabic Equivalent:

The House of Allah. C PF

The Prayers of the Prophet.vpC MC

The Deeds of the Companions.FDeC D

The Example of a Mosquito. F SType 2: Special Mudhaf + Regular Mudhaf Ilaih

This construction, though an idhafah does not necessarily produce the of meaning. Thefollowing are commonly used special mudhafs.

Type 3: Mudhaf + Attached Pronouns.

Whenever an ism is attached to a pronoun, that ism acts as a mudhaf and the attachedpronoun as the mudhaf Ilaih. Though the attached pronouns dont look like the

singular, pair or plural jarr that we are used to identifying from our Ism table, they arestill jarr which is why they are studied separately.

; GO ;DGO ;`GO;GO ;DGO ;DGO; GO ;DGO ;GO;GO ;DGO ;GO

etc.

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Idhafah Recognition Drill:Tell whether each is an instance of Idhafah or not.

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IDHAFA WITH PRONOUNS: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH PRONOUNS.

______ selves.

____________ rebellion.

__________ glitter.

__________faces.

___________command.

____________ nation.

_____________ family or people or dwellers.

_______________ boundaries.

_______________ place.

With _________ example or likeness.

Then for ____________ mother.

___________ family.

One of _____________.

_______________ associates.

_______________ marriage gifts.

______________ action or work.

_______________ lord.

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SPECIAL IDHAFAH: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH CORERCT MEANINGS

__________ the right/ justification / truth/ evidence.

__________ all of you.

__________ them. __________ two women.

_______________ them.

_____________ you all.

__________________ us.

__________________ them.

_________________ two sisters.

__________________ that for you all.

_________________ own behalf.

_________________ the obligation.

_________________ that.

_________________ have.

_________________ her / it.

___________________ the tree.

___________________ both of them.

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The Primary Rules for Mowsoof + Sifah

1. Mowsoof must be

a. Firstb. Only One

2. Sifaha. is the same as Mowsoof in 4 properties

b. is after the Mowsoofc. may be more than oned. may not be right after mowsoof

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Tell whether each is an instance of Mowsoof + Sifah or not.

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2

3

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17

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IS A MOWSOOF + SIFAH IN EACH OF THE FOLLOWING?

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HUROOF OF JARR IN THE QURANWith the believers. (With, because of, by, at, in

etc.)

They said, By Allah! There actions are like ashes which the wind

blows fiercely on a stormy day.

And for you. The of emphasis should never beconfused with this because this is the only one thatforces to Jarr.

(I swear) By the fleeting passage of time!Shouldnt be confused witheaning and. From amongst yourselves In just retribution there is life They ask you regarding the spoils of war And upon Allah the believers should place their

complete trust. (On, against, mandatory on, overand upon) Until the rise of dawn Until a time (3 times in Quran) It (the Quran) guides towards what is right.

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HUROOF OF NASB

Certainly Allah is

That they are /That certainly they are As though there is deafness in his ear (literally

barrier)

Woe is me! If only I didnt take so-and-so for a

friend!

On the contrary righteousness is

So that you may be grateful.

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Sentence Vs. Fragment Drill:

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2

3

4

5

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17

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POINTING WORDS ASSOCIATIONS

Cl ClMASC.

NEAR

l ClNasb

l Cl Jarr DPD l

FEM.

NEAR PD l Nasb PD l Jarr

E Ck k MASC.FARE k k NasbE k k Jarr

E DP PFEM.

FAR

E P P NasbE P P JarrIf the word after any of these has AL, it becomes afragment like This book. If the word after does nothave AL it becomes a sentence like This is a book.

|

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The primary rules for Jumlah Ismiyah

1. Try to analyze cause and effect between everyconsecutive word based on the following:

a. Mudhaf + Mudhaf Ilaihb. Mowsoof + Sifahc. Harf of Jarr + its victimd. Harf of Nasb + its victime. Ismul Isharah + Musharun IlaihAt any point in your analysis if you are unableto establish cause and effect, place an is or anam or an are in the translation.

2. The part before the is is called Mubtada3. The part after is called Khabar.

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Draw a line where the part before the is ends and the part after the is begins.

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2

3

4 5

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Plural Pair Singular

Cp

D

Cp

p

Masculine 3rd

Person

They helped. They (2) helped. He helped.

pD

DNp

MpFeminine 3

rdPerson

They helped (f). They (2) helped (f). She helped.OC

NpDOC

DNpPC

MpMasculine 2

ndPerson

You all helped. You two helped. You helped.OC

NpDOC

DNpPC

MpFeminine 2nd Person

You all helped (f). You two helped. You helped (f).e

DpDC

Mp

O1

stPerson

We helped I helped.

A

AT

PC PAUSE+ TA

PC PAUSE+ TI

DC PAUSE+ TU

e PAUSE+ NAA

etc.

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WHAT PRONOUN IS BEHIND EACH PAST TENSE?

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WHAT PRONOUN IS BEHIND EACH PAST TENSE?

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Translate accurately based on the English cluesTo destroy 1To come 2To become heavy 3To settle (someone else) 4To forbid 5To throw out 6To follow 7To whisper evil suggestions

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To swear to someone 9To taste 10To wrong 11To expel 12To do

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To command 14To make illegal / forbid 15To come 16To lie againstTo be arrogant

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FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH APPROPRIATE PRONOUNS.

__________ created _________.

__________ gave _____________ life.

__________ fashioned _____________.

__________ made _____________.

And _______________ came to ________________.

Then ________________ made ______________.

__________________ understood _______________.

Then _________________slaughtered______________.

_________________touched______________.

__________________ gave _________________.

_________________ wronged _______________.

_________________ seized _______________.

_________________ rescued _______________.

_________________ favored _______________.

_________________ expelled _______________.

___________________ taught ______________.

___________________ brought before ______________.

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__________ enables or facilitates travel for _________.

__________ gave _____________ life.

__________ fashioned _____________.

__________ made _____________.

And _______________ came to ________________.

Then ________________ made ______________.

__________________ understood _______________.

Then _________________slaughtered______________.

_________________touched______________.

__________________ gave _________________.

_________________ wronged _______________.

_________________ seized _______________.

_________________ rescued _______________.

_________________ favored _______________.

_________________ expelled _______________.

___________________ taught ______________.

___________________ brought before ______________.

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PRESENT TENSE

V S kp HD pnD

p Cp pMasculine 3

rdPerson

Some Shortcuts:

YA Beginning = Someone Whos Not Here (3rd

Person, i.e. he, she, they etc.)

The Present Tense for She and You (m) is the same.

OONA was used in Ism study to show plural. It does the same thing here.

AANI was used in Ism study to show pair. It does the same thing here.

They help. They (2) help. He helps. HD T D p CpN pN Feminine 3

rdPerson

They help (f). They (2) help (f). She helps.OC DOC PC

pN CpN pNpDdpnMasculine 2

ndPerson

You all help. You two help. You help.OC

pNDOC PC

pNpDdTFeminine 2

ndPersonCpN

You all help (f). You two help (f). You help (f).e DC

pCO

p 1st PersonWe help I help.

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Translate accurately based on the English cluesTo remember 1To wrong 2To live and To die

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To see (someone else) 4To command 5To say 6To return 7To assume

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To love 9To explain 10To understand 11To delay and To advance (make early) 12To narrate

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To reach 14To call 15To know 16To enter 17

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PRESENT TENSE: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH APPROPRIATE PRONOUNS.

_______________ commit(s) _________.

__________ advise (s) or sermon(s) _____________ .

Are/ Is __________ taking _____________?

__________ own behalf.

Then _______________ return(s) ________________.

And ________________ guide(s) ______________.

____________ attack(s) or afflict (s) or test(s) ___________.

_________________has (ve) in store for ______________.

_________________multiply(s) ______________.

__________________ throw(s) / cast(s)_________________.

_________________ will certainly show _______________.

_________________ give(s) _______________.

_________________ provide(s) _______________.

_________________ return (s) _______________.

_________________ take(s) _______________ in full.

___________________ gather(s) ______________.

___________________ inform(s) ______________.

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__________ appoint(s).

__________ gave _____________ life.

________________ command (s) people towards

good.

__________ assume(s) that they are to meet their

Lord.

_________ will never accept your demand.

_______take(s).

________________please(s) the viewers.

_________________ask or plea

_________________eat (s) the wealth of the orphans.

__________________ dont (doesnt) know.

_________________ bequest(s) or leave(s) a will.

_________________ come(s) or commit (s)

Should _________________ tell you all?

_________________ hide(s) or cover(s).

_________________ alone accept(s) their repentence.

How can ____________ be?

And _____________ explain(s) the ayaat.

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Is the Present Tense Normal, Light or Lightest?

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ACTION WITHOUT TIME (ISMMASDAR)

PRESENT FIL PAST FIL

DsP DsQ DsPDCnQ KnQ KnQImD n n

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Amr Recognition Drill:Are the following commands?

To remember 1To carve 2To congratulate

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To wrong 4To bring out 5To follow 6To obey 7To accept

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To devote oneself, to prostrate, to bow

down

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To make or to place 10To understand 11To delay and To advance (make early)

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To narrate 13To reach 14To call 15To know 16

To enter 17

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Retracing Commands:Can you retrace the fil back to its normal, non-commanding state?

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2 3

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10

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How have the following sentences been negated?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

18. 19. 20.

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21. 22.

23.

24. 25. 26.

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

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39. 40. 41.

42. 43. 44. 45. 46.

47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58.

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59. 60. 61.

62. 63. 64. 65. 66.

67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78.

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79. 80. 81.

82. 83. 84. 85. 86.

87. 88.

89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97.

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98. 99. 100.

101. 102. 103.

104.

105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116.

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117. 118. 119.

120. 121. 122. 123. 124.

125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136.

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137. 138. 139.

140. 141. 142. 143. 144.

145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156.

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157. 158. 159.

160. 161. 162. 163. 164.

165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174.

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Retracing Commands:Can you retrace the fil back to its normal, non-commanding state?

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2 3

4

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7

8

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10

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Which bolded words are NOT from the Taleem family?

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Quranic Examples of the TAKABBURAN family:

2:74 2:102 14:48 2:166 2:275 3:191 2:228

28:18 24:63 48:24 19:90

14:30 58:11

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Which bolded words are NOT from the Mujaahadah family?

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Which bolded words are NOT from the Islah family?

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