2009 Deibert Geopolitics Cyberspace

8/13/2019 2009 Deibert Geopolitics Cyberspace

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The Geopolitics of

Cyberspace

Ron Deibert

Director, The Citizen Lab

April 20, 2009

Friday, April 24, 2009


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7/28Friday, April 24, 2009


http://infowar-monitor.net/http://infowar-monitor.net/http://infowar-monitor.net/http://infowar-monitor.net/http://infowar-monitor.net/http://infowar-monitor.net/


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The ONI and IWM are sisterprojects that benefit from synergies in

public and private sectors, and localstakeholders in all regions of theworld

Citizen Labs

Research Networks

Centre of the technicaltesting and data analysis

effort.Also R&D and red team

gaming support for PsiphonInc.

Toronto (Citizen Lab)

Responsible for managingdeep field research

investigations, contextualanalysis for both ONI and

IWM.Special responsibilities for

CIS and MENA regions.

SecDev Group (Ottawa)

ONI and

IWM

Responsible for ONI legalanalysis and open source

information processing.

Presently is coordinating the69 country ONI

comparative testing regime

Harvard (Berkman)

15 NGOs in Asia Region

Partners throughout theCIS, MENA

Field Experts

and Local Partners



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Methodology - The Interrogation Spectrum

Proxy Tests

Remote interrogationof networks from theCitizen Lab check

basic access and verify/falsify media or otherreports of blocked

sites

Specially-equipped

laptops

ONI researchers(and volunteers) whotravel to a countryunder investigationrun ONI designedtests

Secure Accounts

ONI computersbased in countryprovide 24/7access

Network interrogation devices outfitted withsmart censorship enumeration tools stealthilyconnected to back-end databases of domains and

keywords (globaland local; multi-lingual).

More than 20 local languages were used in the

creation of local lists.

Tests are presently being run in 69 counries



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Findings: analytical issues...

Overall testing found

filtering to be Pervasiveand growingphenomena. From 3or 4 countries (2002) to26+ (2007)30+ today

An increasing targeting ofLocal languagecontent(e.g., farsi,

mandarin, arabic) asopposed to filtering ofenglish language or globalcontent. Rationale: targetthat content that hitsclosest to home.

There is a lack oftransparency andaccountabilityin themajority of filtering practices.

Some countries yieldblockpages for forbiddencontent; others are moreconcealed or deceitful

Filtering is increasingly

sophisticated, using redirectsand other simulated network

errors; Just in time

filtering reportedduring

politically critical periods(elections). Targeting of VOIP,IM and Blog services, and

geolocation filtering

The lack of transparency and

accountability is compounded in theuse of commercial filteringproductswhich treat theirblacklists used to filter asproprietaryand thus not open topublic scrutiny

Fortinet -- BURMA

Websense -- YEMEN

Smartfilter -- IRAN, TUNISIA



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Internet Censorship in Burma

Fortinets Sales Director for South Asia Benjamin Teh deniedthat Fortinet has any involvement in Burma.

We dont have any direct resellers and

we dont have any direct partners inMyanmar [Burma], he said, refusing to

comment further.



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Smile! Youre on Candid Camera!



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Past three years ONI observed rise inelection period Internet anomalies- Opposition websites fail- Access to internet limited- DDOS attacks and blackmail

Kyrgyzstan- Tulip revolution (2005)

Belarus - Presidential elections (2006)Tajikistan - run up to Presidential

elections (2006)

Cambodia(2006)-SMS disabled

Estonia- DDoS attacks from Russiain response to movement of Soviet-

era statue;

Georgia- cyber-warfareaccompanies physical conflict

INFOWAR:the New Horizon



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From: "[email protected]"

Date: 25 July 2008

Subject: Translation of Freedom Movement ID Book for Tibetans in Exile

Translation of Freedom Movement ID Book for Tibetans in Exile.

Front Cover

Emblem of the Tibetan government in Exile

Script: Voluntary Contribution into common fund for Tibetan Freedom Movement

Inside Cover

Resolution was passed in the preliminary general body meeting of the

Tibetan Freedom Movement held on July 30, 1972 that the Tibetan

refugees in exile would promise for each individual!s share of the

voluntary contribution into the Tibetan Freedom Movement Receipt book.

This resolution was later reaffirmed by the 11th Tibetan People!s

Deputies and passed into the law on April 01, 1992 (Tibetan King Year

2119)

Until the last page of this book is used, the book stands valid until

August 15, 2012

Date: August 16, 2008

Emblem of the Tibetan Government in Exile

Official Signature

Attachment: Translation of Freedom Movement ID Book for Tibetans in Exile.doc



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ASEANAssociated Press

Embassy of India, USEmbassy of Indonesia, China

Taiwan Stock ExchangeDept of Foreign Affairs,

IndonesiaHigh Commission of India,

UK

Ministry of Foreign Affairs,Iran

Prime Ministers Office, Laos

Selected Infections



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[email protected]

www.citizenlab.org

www.opennet.net

psiphon.civisec.org

infowar-monitor.net
http://www.opennet.net/http://www.opennet.net/http://www.citizenlab.org/http://www.citizenlab.org/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

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2009 Deibert Geopolitics Cyberspace