2007. 6. 7. Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅰ Ⅰ Ⅰ To increase Efficiency for EIA implementation. 1.1 General purpose of Post-Project management To meet within the levels

2007. 6. 7

ⅡⅡ

ⅢⅢ

ⅣⅣ

ⅠⅠ

ⅠⅠ

To increase Efficiency for EIA implementation. To increase Efficiency for EIA implementation.

1.1 General purpose of Post-Project management1.1 General purpose of Post-Project management

To meet within the levels predicted and required by EIA law (regulation) To meet within the levels predicted and required by EIA law

(regulation)

Almost 150 projects are consulted annually. Almost 150 projects are consulted annually.

In Korea, EIA implementations are undertaken for more then 1,000 sites. In Korea, EIA implementations are undertaken for more then

1,000 sites.

1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment in Korea1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment in Korea

1.3 Significance of this Study1.3 Significance of this Study

To improve the Korean post-EIA system comparing with UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual in aspect of legislation system and implementation of EIA

To improve the Korean post-EIA system comparing with UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual in aspect of legislation system and implementation of EIA

To determine that mitigation plan should be implemented and worked effectively. To determine that mitigation plan should be implemented and

worked effectively.

1.4 UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual


What is UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual What is UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual

- The EIA Training Resource Manual is intended to support capacity

development in Environmental Impact Assessment. - It is a tool for trainers who have some background experience and understanding of EIA. - It is designed to assist them in preparing and delivering training courses that provide an understanding of, and basic capability in the application of EIA.

- The EIA Training Resource Manual is intended to support capacity

development in Environmental Impact Assessment. - It is a tool for trainers who have some background experience and understanding of EIA. - It is designed to assist them in preparing and delivering training courses that provide an understanding of, and basic capability in the application of EIA.

Manual design and content Manual design and content

- Section A : The manual in perspective

- Section B : Capacity building and the environment - Section C : Training needs analysis - Section D : Course design, delivery and evaluation - Section E : Training Topics

- Section A : The manual in perspective

- Section B : Capacity building and the environment - Section C : Training needs analysis - Section D : Course design, delivery and evaluation - Section E : Training Topics



Training Topics are structured provide ; Training Topics are structured provide ; - background materials in the form of session outlines

- training a activities including detailed group activities and themes for discussion or speakers - references and resource materials

- background materials in the form of session outlines

- training a activities including detailed group activities and themes for discussion or speakers - references and resource materials Training Topics content Training Topics content - Topic 1 : Introduction and overview of EIA - Topic 2 : Law, policy and institutional arrangements for EIA systems - Topic 3 : Public involvement - Topic 4 : Screening - Topic 5 : Scoping - Topic 6 : Impact analysis - Topic 7 : Mitigation and impact management - Topic 8 : Reporting - Topic 9 : Review of EIA quality - Topic 10 : Decision-making - Topic 11 : Implementation and follow up - Topic 12 : EIA project management - Topic 13 : Social Impact Assessment - Topic 14 : Strategic Environmental Assessment - Topic 15 : Future directions

- Topic 1 : Introduction and overview of EIA - Topic 2 : Law, policy and institutional arrangements for EIA systems - Topic 3 : Public involvement - Topic 4 : Screening - Topic 5 : Scoping - Topic 6 : Impact analysis - Topic 7 : Mitigation and impact management - Topic 8 : Reporting - Topic 9 : Review of EIA quality - Topic 10 : Decision-making - Topic 11 : Implementation and follow up - Topic 12 : EIA project management - Topic 13 : Social Impact Assessment - Topic 14 : Strategic Environmental Assessment - Topic 15 : Future directions

1.5 Training Topic 11-Implementation and follow up1.5 Training Topic 11-Implementation and follow up

Aims of EIA implementation and follow up are to ; Aims of EIA implementation and follow up are to ;

- carry out conditions of approval

- ensure they work effectively - verify impacts are as predicted or permitted - take action to manage unforeseen changes - optimize environmental benefits - improve EIA practice in the future


- ensure they work effectively - verify impacts are as predicted or permitted - take action to manage unforeseen changes - optimize environmental benefits - improve EIA practice in the future

Key components of EIA implementation and follow up include ; Key components of EIA implementation and follow up

include ; - surveillance and supervision

- effects or impact monitoring - compliance monitoring - environmental auditing - evaluation of EIA effectiveness and performance - post-project analysis

- surveillance and supervision

- effects or impact monitoring - compliance monitoring - environmental auditing - evaluation of EIA effectiveness and performance - post-project analysis

Tool box for environmental management and performance review Tool box for environmental management and performance

review - Internalizing the environment in policy and planning

(use SEA, technology assessment, comparative risk assessment) - Planning and designing environmentally sound projects (use EIA, SIA, risk assessment, environmental benefit cost assessment) - Environmental management of the impacts of an operating facility or business enterprise (use EMA (ISO 14000 series), total quality environmental management (TQEM), industrial codes of practice)

- Internalizing the environment in policy and planning

(use SEA, technology assessment, comparative risk assessment) - Planning and designing environmentally sound projects (use EIA, SIA, risk assessment, environmental benefit cost assessment) - Environmental management of the impacts of an operating facility or business enterprise (use EMA (ISO 14000 series), total quality environmental management (TQEM), industrial codes of practice)

- Eco-design of processes and products

(use environmental design, life cycle assessment, cleaner production) - Monitoring, audit, and evaluation of performance (use effects and compliance monitoring, site, energy, waste, health and safety audits, benchmarking, performance review, environmental auditing)`

- Eco-design of processes and products

(use environmental design, life cycle assessment, cleaner production) - Monitoring, audit, and evaluation of performance (use effects and compliance monitoring, site, energy, waste, health and safety audits, benchmarking, performance review, environmental auditing)`


Guiding principles of EIA implementation and follow up ; Guiding principles of EIA implementation and follow up ;


- undertake routine surveillance and inspection - other activities should be commensurate with significance - monitoring and auditing should be undertaken when * potential impacts are potentially significant * mitigation measures are untried/ outcomes uncertain * new aspects of EIA introduced


- undertake routine surveillance and inspection - other activities should be commensurate with significance - monitoring and auditing should be undertaken when * potential impacts are potentially significant * mitigation measures are untried/ outcomes uncertain * new aspects of EIA introduced

Aspects to consider in design of EIA implementation and follow up ; Aspects to consider in design of EIA implementation and follow up

; - what is required ? * identify the scope and components - who will carry out the activities ? * specify roles & responsibilities - how will these be implemented ? * allocate resources, define procedures & arrangements

- what is required ? * identify the scope and components - who will carry out the activities ? * specify roles & responsibilities - how will these be implemented ? * allocate resources, define procedures & arrangements


Monitoring is used to ; Monitoring is used to ;

- establish baseline conditions

- measure actual impacts and trends - verify they comply with agreed conditions - facilitate impact management - determine the accuracy of impact prediction - review the effectiveness of mitigation measures

- establish baseline conditions

- measure actual impacts and trends - verify they comply with agreed conditions - facilitate impact management - determine the accuracy of impact prediction - review the effectiveness of mitigation measures

Monitoring requirements in the EIA/EMP Monitoring requirements in the EIA/EMP

- impacts to be monitored

- objectives and data requirements - arrangements for conduct of monitoring - use of the information collected - response to unanticipated impacts - measures for public reporting and involvement

- impacts to be monitored

- objectives and data requirements - arrangements for conduct of monitoring - use of the information collected - response to unanticipated impacts - measures for public reporting and involvement


For scientifically credible monitoring ; For scientifically credible monitoring ;

- use methods of a relevant discipline

- establish impact and reference sites - result in time series data which can be analysed by * assembling the data in tabular or graphic format * testing for variations that are statistically valid * determining rates and directions of change

- use methods of a relevant discipline

- establish impact and reference sites - result in time series data which can be analysed by * assembling the data in tabular or graphic format * testing for variations that are statistically valid * determining rates and directions of change

Steps to develop an effective monitoring programme ; Steps to develop an effective monitoring programme ;

- define the scope and objectives (for each impact)

- identify the boundaries and select sites - choose the key indicators - determine the level of accuracy required in the data - consider how the data will be analysed - establish a data and reporting system - specify thresholds of impact acceptability - set requirements for action on exceedences

- define the scope and objectives (for each impact)

- identify the boundaries and select sites - choose the key indicators - determine the level of accuracy required in the data - consider how the data will be analysed - establish a data and reporting system - specify thresholds of impact acceptability - set requirements for action on exceedences


Actions to address excessive impacts or unanticipated changes ; Actions to address excessive impacts or unanticipated

changes ; - stop or modify the causal activity

- impose penalties if legal standards are breached - add or scale up mitigation measures (if feasible)

- stop or modify the causal activity

- impose penalties if legal standards are breached - add or scale up mitigation measures (if feasible)

EIA audits are used to ; EIA audits are used to ;

- identify impacts and results

- verify conditions of approval are being met - test the accuracy of impact predictions - check the effectiveness of mitigation measures - improve compliance and performance

- identify impacts and results

- verify conditions of approval are being met - test the accuracy of impact predictions - check the effectiveness of mitigation measures - improve compliance and performance


EMS audits include ; EMS audits include ;

- site audits

- compliance audits - sector & issue audits, e.g. * waste * energy * health and safety * supply chains

- site audits

- compliance audits - sector & issue audits, e.g. * waste * energy * health and safety * supply chains

Difficulties commonly experienced in EIA Audits Difficulties commonly experienced in EIA Audits

- limited baseline information

- qualitative and non auditable predictions - changes to project design and mitigation - long lead times for some types of impact

- limited baseline information

- qualitative and non auditable predictions - changes to project design and mitigation - long lead times for some types of impact


ⅡⅡ

LegislationLegislation

3 categories for topic 11 according to UNEP EIA Manual. 3 categories for topic 11 according to UNEP EIA Manual.

2.2 Method2.2 Method

Introduction of the cases in Korea that has a good accordance with UNEP EIA Manual.

Introduction of the cases in Korea that has a good accordance with UNEP EIA Manual.

Well accordanceWell accordance Partial accordancePartial accordance DiscordanceDiscordance

Improvement needed for the cases which not meet UNEP EIA Manual. Improvement needed for the cases which not meet UNEP EIA

Manual.2.3 Evaluation2.3 Evaluation

Implementation in site Implementation in

site Individuals in charge of post-project sites (How post-EIA standard meets the UNEP guideline)

Individuals in charge of post-project sites (How post-EIA standard meets the UNEP guideline)

Use of legislation in KoreaUse of legislation in Korea

Legislation of EIA in Korea Legislation of EIA in Korea

Post-project sites undertaken post-monitoring of EIA Post-project sites undertaken post-monitoring of EIA

2.1 Objects of this Study2.1 Objects of this Study

ⅢⅢ

3.1.1 Classification of Topic 11

3.1.1 Classification of Topic 11

Classification of Topic 11 (UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual) Classification of Topic 11 (UNEP EIA Training Resource Manual)

Post-project in General

Monitoring EIA Auditing

The number of items categorized by Topic 11 The number of items categorized by Topic 11

- Post-project in general Section : 24 items - Post-project in general Section : 24 items

- Monitoring Section : 26 items - Monitoring Section : 26 items

- EIA Auditing Section : 12 items - EIA Auditing Section : 12 items

26 items24 items 12 items

3.1.2 EIA related Laws in Korea3.1.2 EIA related Laws in Korea

Laws for EIA Laws for EIA

Laws of Strategy Environment Assessment (SEA) Laws of Strategy Environment Assessment (SEA)

- Fundamental law of Environmental policy (2006)

- Enforcement Ordinance of Fundamental law of Environment policy (2006)

- Fundamental law of Environmental policy (2006)

- Enforcement Ordinance of Fundamental law of Environment policy (2006)

- Laws of Impact Assessment for Environment and Traffic, Disaster (2006)

- Enforcement Ordinance of Impact Assessment for Environment and

Traffic,

Disaster (2006)

- Enforcement regulations of Impact Assessment for Environment and

Traffic,

Disaster (2006)

- Laws of Impact Assessment for Environment and Traffic, Disaster (2006)

- Enforcement Ordinance of Impact Assessment for Environment and

Traffic,

Disaster (2006)

- Enforcement regulations of Impact Assessment for Environment and

Traffic,

Disaster (2006)

3.1.2 EIA related Laws of Korea

3.1.2 EIA related Laws of Korea

Promulgate for EIA Promulgate for EIA

Promulgate for Strategy Environment Assessment Promulgate for Strategy Environment Assessment

- Guide for Development of industry location (2006)

- Provisions for framing Prior-Environment Review (2006)

- Promulgate for review method and review items of Prior-Environment Review

on a golf course (2006)

- Guide for Development of industry location (2006)

- Provisions for framing Prior-Environment Review (2006)

- Promulgate for review method and review items of Prior-Environment Review

on a golf course (2006)

- Provisions for EIA framing (2007)

- Provisions for framing and particulars of EIA design (2004)

- Standard of cost estimation for EIA achievement (2001)

- Promulgate for notice draft-EIA to information network (2004)

- Provisions for EIA framing (2007)

- Provisions for framing and particulars of EIA design (2004)

- Standard of cost estimation for EIA achievement (2001)

- Promulgate for notice draft-EIA to information network (2004)

3.1.2 EIA related Laws of Korea3.1.2 EIA related Laws of Korea

Established rule for EIA Established rule for EIA

Instruction for EIA Instruction for EIA

- Provisions for mediation council of EIA (2002)

- Guide for EIA Dem construction favoring Environment (2006)

- Provisions for allotted charges affairs excess to standard of approval (2004)

- Provisions for handling affairs of reassessment EIA (1999)

- Provisions for handling affairs of examination Post-Environment review (2004)

- Provisions for mediation council of EIA (2002)

- Guide for EIA Dem construction favoring Environment (2006)

- Provisions for allotted charges affairs excess to standard of approval (2004)

- Provisions for handling affairs of reassessment EIA (1999)

- Provisions for handling affairs of examination Post-Environment review (2004)

- Provisions for handling affairs of consultation contents management

and consulted EIA (2006)

- Guide for handling affairs of management and registration EIA agent

(2005)

- Guide for management of EIA system (2001)

- Provisions for handling affairs of consultation contents management

and consulted EIA (2006)

- Guide for handling affairs of management and registration EIA agent

(2005)

- Guide for management of EIA system (2001)

Total items Total items

DivisionLegislation aspects Implementation aspects

Items (case) Rating (%) Items (case) Rating (%)

Well accordance 28 45.2 26 41.9

Partial accordance 17 27.4 27 43.5

Discordance 17 27.4 9 14.5

Total 62 100.0 62 100.0

46%

27%

27%

well accordance partial accordance discordance

3.1.3 Evaluation Results3.1.3 Evaluation Results

42%

43%

15%


Legislation aspects Legislation aspects Implementation aspects Implementation aspects






Total 24 100.0 24 100.0

38%

45%

17%


3.1.3 Rating Result3.1.3 Rating Result

29%

63%

8%



Result of the EIA in General evaluation Result of the EIA in General evaluation





Discordance 1 3.8 0 0

Total 26 100.0 26 100.0

73%23%

4%



73%

27%

0%



Result of the Monitoring Result of the Monitoring



Well accordance 0 0 0 0

Partial accordance 0 0 5 41.7


Total 12 100.0 12 100.0

0%0%

100%



0% 42%

58%



Result of the EIA Auditing Result of the EIA Auditing

General EIA implementation General EIA implementation

3.2.1 Exemplary Case of well accordance in Korea


- Confirm that the conditions of project approval are implemented. - Confirm that the conditions of project approval are implemented.

Aspect of system

Inform that the conditions of approval for the Environment project

Aspect of implementation

The case ‘informing the condition of approval’

Law of Impact Assessment for Environment, Traffic, Disaster

Form of Environment Impact Review Report

Provisions for Environment Impact review

Investigation of Implementation condition of approval during site survey Introduction of Environment Impact Review Report

Case of Post-Environment Review Case of Post-Environment Review



- This report is reported to the approval agency and the environmental office annually by the proponent. - This report is reported to the approval agency and the environmental office annually by the proponent.

Monitoring Monitoring

Aspect of system

Prescription investigation frequency for impacts and effects monitoring


Performance Monitoring classified by times, monthly, a quarter of a year.

Specific prescript to compare and analyze results of Impact review

Provisions for EIA framing

Provisions for Environment Impact Review – format of Impact review

Comparison with achieved data and back-ground data from previous work.

Making report to investigate the mitigation facilities.

3.2.1 Exemplary Case of well accordance in Korea3.2.1 Exemplary Case of well accordance in Korea

- measure actual impacts and trends - measure actual impacts and trends

Sampling data for monitoring Sampling data for monitoring



- Air quality, water quality, noise & vibration, aquatic ecosystem etc. - Air quality, water quality, noise & vibration, aquatic ecosystem etc.

Air quality Water quality

Aquatic ecosystemNoise & vibration

General EIA implementation General EIA implementation

3.2.2 Exemplary Case of lacking in Korea3.2.2 Exemplary Case of lacking in Korea

- Evaluation of EIA effectiveness and performance - Evaluation of EIA effectiveness and performance

Aspect of system

No regulation for a Feed-back


There’s no investigation for the Feed-back in site management.

Insufficient study in Feed-back

Partial application to similar projects in activity projects.

Monitoring Monitoring


- The measures for public reporting and involvement. - The measures for public reporting and involvement.

Aspect of system

There are provision for an impact to stakeholders


Determination whether stakeholders participate or not at a step of EIA, in cases of specific.`

The measures of public reporting and involvement were lacking.

Opening to the public and inducing participation to stakeholder and NGOs, in cases of determined project to stakeholders participate.

EIA Auditing EIA Auditing

- No system in Korea

- only applicable for the EMS

- No system in Korea

- only applicable for the EMS

Aspect of system

Lacking in application


Application for site at according to EMS system


No systematic approach ; however post-monitoring reflects partially`

Post-monitoring report should be checked by developing organization

ⅣⅣ

In Korea, Overall, 73% achievements (legislation aspect) and 85% (Implementation aspect) In Korea, Overall, 73% achievements (legislation aspect) and

85% (Implementation aspect)

4.1 Conclusion4.1 Conclusion

Feed back system should be installed in Korea. Feed back system should be installed in Korea.

4.2 Remarks4.2 Remarks

In General EIA implementation, there is 83% from achievements legislation aspect and 92% from Implementation aspect. In General EIA implementation, there is 83% from achievements

legislation aspect and 92% from Implementation aspect.

In Monitoring, there is 96% for legislation aspect and 100% for Implementation aspect. Well accordance with Topic 11

In Monitoring, there is 96% for legislation aspect and 100% for Implementation aspect. Well accordance with Topic 11

In EIA Auditing, no application in Korea; however 42% from Implementation aspect. In EIA Auditing, no application in Korea; however 42% from

Implementation aspect.

Need public involvement a step of post-project in Korea Need public involvement a step of post-project in Korea

Introduction of EIA Auditing should be considered in Korea. Introduction of EIA Auditing should be considered in Korea.

Documents

2007. 6. 7. Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅰ Ⅰ Ⅰ To increase Efficiency for EIA implementation. 1.1 General purpose of Post-Project management To meet within the levels