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Layers of The Earth

BoundariesThe water

CycleThe

differenceEarthquakes

Volcano’s

DoubleJeopardy

List the 5 physical layers of the earth in order according to the

diagramThen, list the 3 compositional

layers of the earthExtra points if you can

remember what materials compose those three layers

1

2

3

4

5

1 – Lithosphere2- Asthenosphere3 – Mesosphere4 – Outer Core5 – Inner Core

The compositional layers are – Crust (Silicon/Basalt), Mantle,

core (Nickle, Iron)

Match

Double Jeopardy

Crust

Mantle

Core

Lithosphere

Asthenosphere

Mesosphere

Outer Core

Inner Core

Crust=lithospheremantle = asthenosphere &

mesosphereCore= Inner core & outer core

What is the upper part of the mantle called?

What is the lower part of the mantle called?

Upper=asthenosphereLower = mesosphere

What is the plate tectonic theory or the continental drift theory?

It is the theory that the earth was once one continent and that

oceanic and continental crusts moved and separated due to

convection and sea floor spreading

What can happen at a convergent boundary?

What can happen at a transform boundary?

What can happen at a divergent boundary?

Convergent: mountains, earthquakes and volcano’s.

Transform: earthquakes and volcano’s

Divergent: Sea floor spreading (mid ocean ridges), earthquakes

and volcano’s

What are the 3 types of boundaries that tectonic

plates form?

ConvergentDivergentTransform

What are the 3 types of boundaries that tectonic plates

form?

ConvergentDivergentTransform

Using seafloor spreading as a model, describe the relationship

between the lithosphere, the asthenosphere and the

mesosphere.

When the sea floor spreads, the lithosphere (oceanic crust) gets a crack called a trench. The trench

is caused by a pull of the asthenosphere (divergent

boundary). This allows magma to flow up from the mesosphere

(mantle) which was heated up by the core.

What causes the mid ocean ridges?

The mid ocean ridges are formed at the divergent plate boundaries under the oceans, on the ocean

floor or the oceanic crust.

• Sometimes two plate boundaries meet at a convergent area, and one plate is forced down under the other. What is this process called?

Subduction (slab pull)

What percentage of water on Earth is

drinkable (potable)?

1 %

What are the main parts of the water cycle?

Precipitationevaporation

condensationtranspiration

Double Jeoardy

Is all the water that falls to Earth as precipitation return back to the

water cycle?

No, some is stored as groundwater and some is frozen

as ice and snow.

Explain runoff

The soil is full of water and the excess water from rain flows over the land (causes water

erosion)

What is exothermic?What is endothermic?

Exothermic: heat releasingEndothermic: heat absorbing

What are the three states of water?

Solid, liquid, gas

Explain if it’s an endothermic (absorbing heat) or exothermic (releasing heat) state change:

Solid to liquid

Endothermic – it absorbs heat to allow the molecules to move

Explain if it’s an endothermic (absorbing heat) or exothermic (releasing heat) state change:

Liquid to gas

Endothermic – it absorbs heat to allow the molecules to move

Explain if it’s an endothermic (absorbing heat) or exothermic (releasing heat) state change:

Solid to gas

That is called sublimation and it’s an endothermic change of state. It has to absorb a lot of heat to

allow the molecules to completely break away.

Explain if it’s an endothermic (absorbing heat) or exothermic (releasing heat) state change:

liquid to a solid

Exothermic – it releases heat so the molecules can slow down

Where do most earthquakes happen?

Along tectonic plate boundaries.

Where are most volcanoes’ located?

Along tectonic plate boundaries.

Along which boundary do most mountains form?

Convergent boundaries.

What would cause a volcano to GROW?

A volcano would grow because of an eruption. The eruption

would cause magma to flow and solidify, making the volcano

wider and possibly taller.

An earthquake produces P and S waves. In what direction do

these waves go from the epicenter?

All directions.