2003 Status & TrendsTriennial Fish Monitoring

Update to RMP Technical Review Committee

Jennifer Hunt, Ben K. Greenfield, Jay A. DavisSFEI

Marco Sigala, Cassandra Roberts, Rusty FaireyMoss Landing Marine Labs

Dave Crane, Kathleen Regalado, L.Nguyen, Gary IchikawaCDFG

2003 Status & TrendsTriennial Fish Monitoring • Status and Trends

– 7 species– Added PBDE analysis for S&T species– Looked at As in 5 individual leopard sharks

& 3 smoothound sharks– Looked at MeHg in 9 individual leopard

sharks and 9 individual smoothound sharks– We now have a time series - data from

1994-2003

Fish Tissue Analysis by Analyte

Fish Species

OC Analyses (PCBs,

Pesticides) PBDEs Hg - total MeHg Se As

# of composites

# of composites

# of composites

# of composites

# of composites

# of composites

White Croaker 11 11 11      

Leopard Shark 9 9 15 9   5

Striped Bass 7 7 24      

CA Halibut 2 2 6      

Shiner Surfperch 14 14 14      

Jacksmelt 4 4 4      

White Sturgeon 4 4 7   7  

2003 Results - Status

• All S&T fish below the SV (30 ng/g ww) for chlordanes

• Dieldrin SV (2.0 ng/g ww) only exceeded for white croaker (45%) and white sturgeon (50%)

Hg (ug/g ww) 2003SV=0.3 ug/g ww

Species

Ca

lifo

rnia

Halib

ut

Jack

smelt

Le

op

ard

Sh

ark

Shin

er

Su

rfp

erc

h

Str

ipe

d B

ass

Wh

ite C

roake

r

Wh

ite S

turg

eon

Hg (

g/g

we

t w

eig

ht)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Aroclors (ng/g ww) 2003SV=20 ng/g ww

Calif

orn

ia H

alib

ut

Jacksm

elt

Leopard

Shark

Shin

er

Surf

perc

h

Str

ipe

d B

ass

White C

roaker

White S

turg

eon

Sum

of

Aro

clo

rs (

ng/g

wet

weig

ht)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

ND=6ND=1

DDTs (ng/g ww) 2003SV=100 ng/g ww

Ca

lifo

rnia

Ha

lib

ut

Ja

cksm

elt

Le

op

ard

Sh

ark

Sh

ine

r S

urf

pe

rch

Str

ipe

d B

ass

Wh

ite

Cro

ake

r

Wh

ite

Stu

rge

onS

um

of

DD

Ts (

ng

/g w

et

we

igh

t)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

ND=8ND=2

PBDEs (ng/g ww) 2003

Ca

lifo

rnia

Ha

lib

ut

Ja

cksm

elt

Le

op

ard

Sh

ark

Sh

ine

r S

urf

pe

rch

Str

ipe

d B

ass

Wh

ite

Cro

ake

r

Wh

ite

Stu

rge

onS

um

of

PB

DE

s (

ng

/g w

et

we

igh

t)

0

20

40

60

80

100

ND=7ND=2ND=1

PBDEs

• PBDE 47 was the dominant congener• PBDE 47>PBDE 100>PBDE 99>PBDE

153>PBDE 154• BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-100 are the

most bioaccumulative congeners from the commercial Penta-BDE mixture (Oros 2005)

• Same order of magnitude found in RMP transplanted bivalves in 2003

Pilot Study 2003 - Status

• Brown smoothhound, Chinook Salmon, walleye surfperch, black surfperch, brown rockfish

• Analyzed for PCBs and Hg• 3 bycatch species (anchovy, sardine and

herring) analyzed for PCBs, PBDEs and Hg• Anchovy composite from South Bay had

the 3rd highest PBDE (total) concentration of all fish measured (64.5 ng/g ww)

Fish Tissue Analysis by Analyte

Fish Species

OC Analyses PCBs &

Pesticide PBDEs PCBs only Hg - total MeHg As

# of composites # of composites # of composites # of composites # of composites # of composites

Brown Smoothhound     3 9 9 3

Chinook Salmon     2 2    

Walleye Surfperch     2 2    

Black Surfperch     3 3    

Rockfish     3 3    

Anchovy - bycatch   2 2 2    

Herring - bycatch 1  1 1    

Aroclors (ng/g ww) 2003SV=20 ng/g ww

9.36% lipid

Bla

ck S

urfp

erch

Bro

wn

Roc

kfis

h

Chi

nook

Sal

mon

Sm

ooth

houn

d S

hark

Wal

leye

Sur

fper

ch

Anc

hovy

Her

ring

Sar

dine

Sum

of

Aro

clor

s (

ng/g

wet

wei

ght)

1

10

100

1000

1

10

100

1000

Hg (ug/g ww) 2003SV= 0.3 ug/g ww

Bla

ck S

urfp

erch

Bro

wn

Roc

kfis

h

Chi

nook

Sal

mon

Sm

ooth

houn

d S

hark

Wal

leye

Sur

fper

ch

Anc

hovy

Her

ring

Sar

dine

Hg

(g/

g w

et w

eigh

t)

0

1

2

3

4

Trends

• RMP/BPTCP 4 sampling periods – 1994, 1997, 2000, 2003– White croaker, shiner surfperch, leopard

shark, striped bass

• RMP plus previous programs– Hg in striped bass: 1970-1972, 1994-2003– Selenium in sturgeon: 1986-2003– Organics in sturgeon: 1986-2003

DDTs Wet WeightLeopard Shark

Su

m D

DT

s (n

g/g)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Striped Bass

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

White Croaker

Year

1994

1997

2000

2003

0

50

100

150

200

250

Shiner Surfperch

Year

1994

1997

2000

2003

Su

m D

DT

s (n

g/g)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

a b

c d

NDn=8

Chlordanes Wet WeightLeopard Shark

Sum

Ch

lord

anes

(n

g/g)

0

1

2

3

4

5

ND (n = 5)

Striped Bass

0

5

10

15

20

25

White Croaker

Year

1994

1997

2000

2003

0

10

20

30

40

Shiner Surfperch

Year

1994

1997

2000

2003

Sum

Ch

lord

anes

(n

g/g)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

a b

c d

ND (n = 7)

Lipid Content vs. Contaminants

Shiner Surfperch Lipid vs. Sum DDTs

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

Tissue Lipid

Su

m D

DTs

Y1994

Y1997

Y2000

Y2003

DDTs Lipid WeightLeopard Shark

Sum

DD

Ts

(ng/

g lip

id)

0

1000

2000

3000

11000

12000

13000

Striped Bass

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

50000

52000

White Croaker

Year

19

94

19

97

20

00

20

03

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Shiner Surfperch

Year

19

94

19

97

20

00

20

03

Sum

DD

Ts

(ng/

g lip

id)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

a b

c d

NDn=8

Chlordanes Lipid Weight

White Croaker

Year

199

4

199

7

200

0

200

3

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Striped Bass

0

1000

2000

11000

12000

13000

Leopard Shark

Sum

Ch

lord

an

es (

ng/

g lip

id)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

ND (n = 5)

Shiner Surfperch

Year

199

4

199

7

200

0

200

3 Sum

Ch

lord

an

es (

ng/

g lip

id)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

a b

cd

PCB Aroclors Lipid Wt.Leopard Shark

Su

m A

rocl

ors

(ng

/g li

pid

)

0

10000

20000

60000

70000

Striped Bass

Year

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

White Croaker

Year

199

4

199

7

200

0

200

3

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

Shiner Surfperch

Year

199

4

199

7

200

0

200

3

Su

m A

rocl

ors

(ng

/g li

pid

)

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

a b

c d

Year

1970 1971 1972 1994 1997 1999 2000 2003

Mer

cury

Con

cent

ratio

n (

g/g)

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.60.70.80.9

1

1.8

1.2

2

1.41.6

Data are standardized to a 55 cm fish

Hg in Striped Bass

Year

1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Sel

eniu

m (

mg/

kg w

et)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Selenium in White Sturgeon

Aroclors in Sturgeon

Year

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Tot

al P

CB

Aro

clor

s (n

g/g

wet

)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Year

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Tot

al P

CB

Aro

clor

s (n

g/g

lipid

)

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

DDTs in Sturgeon

Year

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Sum

DD

Ts

(ng/

g w

et)

0

50

100

150

200

250

Year

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

DD

T (

ng/

g lip

id w

eig

ht)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

Chlordanes in Sturgeon

Chlordanes lipid weight vs. year

Year

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004C

hlo

rda

ne (

ng/g

lipi

d w

eigh

t)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

year vs Chlordanes Lipid wt

Year

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Sum

Chl

orda

nes

(ng/

g)

0

10

20

30

40

50

DDTs vs Lipid

Tissue Lipid

0.1 1 10

DD

T

1

10

100

1000

2003 Sturgeon Samples High in Lipid

Trends Summary

• Evidence of decline in lipid weight concentrations for DDTs and Chlordanes in most fish species

• PCB decline since 1994?• White sturgeon organics - unusually

elevated samples in 2003• No long-term trend in striped bass Hg• No long-term trend in sturgeon Se

Trends Summary

PCBs * DDTs * Chlordanes * Selenium Hg

Striped Bass - ? - - no

White Croaker - ? - -

Leopard Shark - - ? -

Shiner Surfperch no - - ?

Sturgeon no - no no

* = Lipid wt. - = Negative trend

Study Participants

• Jen Hunt, Ben Greenfield, Jay Davis, SFEI• Rusty Fairey, Cassandra Roberts, Marco

Sigala and crew, MLML• Dave Crane and crew, CDFG - MPSL• Gary Ichikawa and crew, CDFG• RMP Fish Work Group