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Why IPv6 

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Internet Protocol

  Transports a datagram from source host to destination,possibly via several intermediate nodes (“routers”)

Service is:

Unreliable: Losses, duplicates, out-of-order delivery

Best effort : ac!ets not discarded capriciously, delivery failure

not necessarily reported

Connectionless: "ach pac!et is treated independently

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#hat is an $ address%

& "ach host on a T'$ netor! is uni*uely identified

at the $ layer ith an address+

& n $nternet rotocol ($) address specifies the locationof a host or client on the $nternet+

& The $ address is also !non as rotocol address

& The $v address is ./ bits long

& The $v0 address is 1/2 bit long

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roblems of $v

 ddressing problem 3outing 'risis

 "nd to "nd problem

 Security

 4obility

 erformance

 'ost

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561510 6

$v has ./ bit addresses+

$nitially classful addressing scheme

'lassless scheme

7atting

4ore 7atting()

 ddresses e8hausted a ee! bac!+

(s per the info+ available on http:+ipv0forum+com)

$v is victim of its on success+

 ddress 'risis

http://ipv6forum.com/http://ipv6forum.com/

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0

The 7T “roblem”

10.0.0.1  ..2  ..3  ..4 

*AKA home router, ICS, firewall

61.100.32.128

61.100.32.0!2"

61.100.32.1  ..2  ..3  ..4 

ISP 61.100.0.0!16

#he Internet

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9

The 7T “roblem”

Internet

10.0.0.1 

61.100.32.128 

$A#

%&'tn 10

Phone  $etwor(

10 4"6) 8)6

PA+

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561510

7T “roblems”

& rea!s globally uni*ue address model& rea!s address stability

& rea!s alays-on model

& rea!s peer-to-peer model

& rea!s some applications

& rea!s some security protocols

& rea!s some ;oS functions

& $ntroduces a false sense of security

& $ntroduces hidden costs

& Limits 4ultimedia and $nteractive $nternet& "8tensibility of

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561510 =

allooning default routing tables

3$ ( 3outing $nformation ase)3oute ggregation

3oute Scalability

3outing 'risis

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561510 15

 3outing Table "8plosion

$ does not permit route aggregation  (limited supernetting possible ith ne routers)

7umber of netor!s is increasing very fast

  (number of routes to be advertised goes up)

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"nd to "nd problem

 #ran-arenc/

 $A#in

 &n to en interoerailit/

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7atting

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561510 1.

4obile $ permits users to remail

connected across ireline or ireless

netor! hile raoming beteen

netor!s+

4obility

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 Security roblem

1

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$v0 >eatures

1+ Larger address space

/+ ?lobal reachability

.+ >le8ibility

+ uto-configuration6+ ggregation

0+ 4ulti-homing

9+ "fficient 3outing

2+ Scalability

=+ "asy 4obility

15+etter security

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561510 10

$v0 ddressing

TrillionTrillion Billion

 525.6

2128

=

)523(523 100

 52Trillionthousand nQuadrillio

 Billion

TrillionTrillion=

0+6 illion people on earth

Typical brain has@155 illion cells

(your count may vary)

$v0 addresses for every

human brain cell on the planet

$v0 addresses per person

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?lobal 3eachability

>rom ./ bits to 1/2 bits addresses enables: A ?lobal reachability:

& 7o hidden netor!s, hosts

& ll hosts can be reachable and be BserversB

19

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>le8ibility

>rom ./ bits to 1/2 bits addresses enables:

 A >le8ibility

12

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 uto-'onfiguration

& Blug and playB

 A y autoconfiguration

561510 1=

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----------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------

Address Autoconfiguration

ne of the mo-t u-eful a-ect- of IP6 i- it- ailit/

to automaticall/ confiure it-elf, een without

the u-e of a -tateful are-- autoconfiuration

rotocol -uch a- 5CP6 

#/e- of autoconfiuration7

Statele--

Stateful

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 ggregation

& ggregation

561510 /1

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Larger ddress Space

& ggregation

 LTT' >aculty //

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561510 /.

ultihomin

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"fficient 3outing

561510 /

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Scalability

561510 /6

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"asy 4obility

/0

4 bil $ t l

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4obile $v protocol

overvie

>oreign gent

192+/+=+.0

Come gent

correspondent node

4 bil $ t l

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Home Address

Internet

Home Agent Foreign Agent

MobileNode

CorrespondentNode

HomeNetwork

ForeignNetworkAddress Registration

Data

 Tunnel

4obile $v protocol

overvie

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4obile $v0 System

Home Address

Internet

Home Agent

MobileNode

CorrespondentNode

HomeNetwork

ForeignNetwork

AddressBinding

Data

Data

Data

Address Registration

RouterAdvertisement

Care-oAddress

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4obile $v0 Candover 

Home Address

Internet

Home Agent

MobileNode

CorrespondentNode

HomeNetwork

ForeignNetwork ! Care-o

Address!

MobileNode

ForeignNetwork "

Care-o

Address"

RouterAdvertisemen

t

Dupli#ate AddressDete#tionHome Binding

$pdate%A#knowledgment

Home Test

Care-o TestCorrespondentBinding $pdate

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'S 05 .1

4obile $ Tunneling

 cross $nternet

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561510 ./

"nd to "nd Security

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etter Security

..

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etter Security

.

Althouh a -tanar now e'i-t- for roiin -ecurit/

for IP4 ac(et- 9IPSec:, thi- -tanar i- otional

for IP4 an rorietar/ -ecurit/ -olution- are

realent.,, In IP6 IPSec i- manator/

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Than!s

561510 .6