2 Thessalonians 1

Greeting

(who were with Paul at the planting of this Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy,

church) (the called out people/assembly) To the church of the Thessalonians in

(called out in relationship, ownership, instrumental cause, function and protection)

(no longer our Judge and enemy) God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:

(our Master and Savior):

(unmerited favor—as God loved us when we were yet sinners) Grace to you

(peace between us and God) and peace from God our Father and the Lord

(all through their grace expressed toward us). Jesus Christ

God’s Final Judgment and Glory

3 (we can do nothing but, we are compelled) (the We are bound to thank God

instrumental cause of God’s gracious plan and work towards that plan) always

(continually, without ceasing) (concerning your good fortune as recipients for you

of God’s grace), (fellow gospel believers), (as it is right, brethren as it is fitting

proper, as your spiritual health merits), (saving faith and because your faith

practical faith, your being and becoming the only kind of Christians God means us

to be) , (to an amazing maturity, beyond the norm, beyond grows exceedingly

expectation) (agape) (as a body, as a church and the love of every one of you

family) (as a whole) (“abounds” is the idea of their love being more all abounds

than sufficient, it super abounds, it is to the point of extravagance) toward each

4 (much so) (glory concerning, express joy in, other, so that we ourselves boast

rejoice as a result) (as we travel) of you among the churches of God for your

(perseverance, endurance) (not just your growing in practical patience and faith

faith, but your persistence in it) (attacks, enemies, in all your persecutions

hostilities) (they cause, like the pressure, trials, hardships, and tribulations

sufferings) (continue to hold up under, press on in spite of that you endure

them—the fruit persecutions and tribulations produces is endurance), 5 which is

(a positive proof, an excellent example, an affirming manifest evidence

manifestation) (that He has saved you having of the righteous judgment of God

judged your sin through Christ, and as a result He indwells and empowers you,

thus evidencing His presence and will in and through you [What is Paul saying

here that is such a tremendous witness of God? His work?]), that you may be

(reckoned, declared) (in respect to counted worthy of the kingdom of God,

being a worthy representation of His Person, qualities and significance) for which

(They have already been affirmed of their saved position [1 you also suffer;

Thess. 1:8; 2 Thess. 1:3, 10; 2:131]. This “worthiness” refers to their living in a way

that reflects and honors God, His kingdom as well as His grace and mercy

involved in saving them—it reflects the truth of Ephesians 2:10, “For we (gospel

believers) are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works,

which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them.” The

culmination of fulfilling Ephesians 2:10 is seen in Matthew 25:21, “His lord said

to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant; you were faithful over a few

things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your

lord.’” 2) 6 (the inference here is “make no doubt about it— )since since it is a

(right, just) (duly give, reward) righteous thing with God to repay with

(In other words: God will bring suffering upon tribulation those who trouble you

those who cause you suffering—They will reap what they have sown if they die in

their sin), 7 (it is a righteous thing with God to) (because of and to give you who

these persecutions and tribulations) (meaning freedom from are troubled rest

these kinds of persons and treatment, enjoying everlasting and perfect peace in

the kingdom and presence of God) (Paul, Silas, Timothy, as well as with with us

1 1 Thessalonians 1:8 – For from you the word of the Lord has sounded forth, not only in

Macedonia and Achaia, but also in every place. Your faith toward God has gone out, so that we

do not need to say anything.

2 Thessalonians 1:3, 10, 2:13– 3 We are bound to thank God always for you, brethren, as it is

fitting, because your faith grows exceedingly, and the love of every one of you all abounds

toward each other… 10 when He comes, in that Day, to be glorified in His saints and to be

admired among all those who believe, because our testimony among you was believed… 2:13 But we are bound to give thanks to God always for you, brethren beloved by the Lord,

because God from the beginning chose you for salvation through sanctification by the Spirit and

belief in the truth…

2 Matthew 5:10–12 – Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake, for theirs is

the kingdom of heaven. “Blessed are you when they revile and persecute you, and say all kinds

of evil against you falsely for My sake. Rejoice and be exceedingly glad, for great is your

reward in heaven, for so they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

all other gospel believers) (“revealed” is when the Lord Jesus is revealed

literally, “uncovering, the removal of the veil”—so when the covering or veil that

obstructs the physical view of man from Christ is removed) (His abode in) from

(along with the unveiling of) (super-empowered) heaven with His mighty angels

(who exemplify the power and authority of their King), 8 (the earth in flaming fire

will be shrouded by these mighty angles clothed in the flaming fire of God’s

righteousness, holiness, justice and thus judgment—who will descend upon the

unsaved portion of the human race) (inflicting punishment, taking vengeance

retribution, penalty, judgment) (non-gospel believers) on those who do not know

(having been surrounded by the evidences of God, but suppressing that truth God

[Rom. 1:18-323]—general revelation), and on those who do not obey the

(those who heard the gospel and rejected it [Jn. gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ

3 Romans 1:18–32 – 18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness

and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, 19 because what may

be known of God is manifest in them, for God has shown it to them. 20 For since the creation of

the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made,

even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse, 21 because, although

they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God, nor were thankful, but became futile in their

thoughts, and their foolish hearts were darkened. 22 Professing to be wise, they became fools, 23 and changed the glory of the incorruptible God into an image made like corruptible man—and

birds and four-footed animals and creeping things.

24 Therefore God also gave them up to uncleanness, in the lusts of their hearts, to dishonor

their bodies among themselves, 25 who exchanged the truth of God for the lie, and worshiped

and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever. Amen. 26 For this reason God gave them up to vile passions. For even their women exchanged the

natural use for what is against nature. 27 Likewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the

woman, burned in their lust for one another, men with men committing what is shameful, and

receiving in themselves the penalty of their error which was due. 28 And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a

debased mind, to do those things which are not fitting; 29 being filled with all unrighteousness,

sexual immorality, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit,

evil-mindedness; they are whisperers, 30 backbiters, haters of God, violent, proud, boasters,

inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, 31 undiscerning, untrustworthy, unloving,

unforgiving, unmerciful; 32 who, knowing the righteous judgment of God, that those who practice

such things are deserving of death, not only do the same but also approve of those who practice

them.

3:364]—specific revelation). 9 (both groups) (lit. “they These shall be punished

will pay a penalty”) (which means that this punishment is neither with everlasting

temporary nor personal annihilation, but continues for eternity) (ruin, destruction

punishment [cf. 1 Thess. 5:3; 1 Cor. 5:5; 1 Tim. 6:95]) (visible, physical)from the

(lit. face) (referring I believe to being exiled from God’s presence of the Lord

Person and the fellowship of His communion) and from the glory of His power

(from the light and majesty of His Person, might and throne), 10 (Christ) when He

(at the conclusion of the 7 years of tribulation with His mighty comes, in that Day

flaming angels), (honored, praised) (not merely among, but in) to be glorified in

(gospel believers who will reflect Christ’s glory through His visible His saints

transforming work in them [2 Cor. 3:186]) (marveled at, to be and to be admired

struck with wonder and awe, to exude reverence) among all those who believe

(gospel believers), (the preaching of Paul and the because our testimony

evangelistic team) (which meant they placed saving among you was believed

faith in Christ as their Lord and Savior).

11 (with regards to the Lord being honored by you saints of God and the Therefore

desire for the Lord to be further honored by you) (in addition to giving we also

thanks for you) (without ceasing) (as well)pray always for you that our God

(deem, judge, regard) (again, in respect to your would count you worthy

continuing to be a worthy representation of Christ’s Person, qualities and

significance and thus worthy of the Lord’s blessing “us with every spiritual

4 John 3:36 – He who believes in the Son has everlasting life; and he who does not believe the

Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abides on him.”

5 1 Thessalonians 5:3 – For when they say, “Peace and safety!” then sudden destruction comes

upon them, as labor pains upon a pregnant woman. And they shall not escape.

1 Corinthians 5:5 – deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that his spirit may

be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.

1 Timothy 6:9 – But those who desire to be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many

foolish and harmful lusts which drown men in destruction and perdition.

6 2 Corinthians 3:18 – But we all, with unveiled face, beholding as in a mirror the glory of the

Lord, are being transformed into the same image from glory to glory, just as by the Spirit of the

Lord.

blessing in the heavenly places in Christ” [Eph. 1:3b]) (of the of this calling

spiritual, eternal, new, more abundant life He has purchased and imparted to you

[Eph. 4:17]),

View 1 (most take this view)

(as you have purposed to walk in God’s grace and for His glory in the past and

and present, may you continue by your desire and God’s grace to) (bring to fulfill

fulfillment, or to conclusion or completion) (not just some, but all)all the good

(the resolve, purpose, intention, desire) (the KJV & NKJV inserts here pleasure of

“of his” but the context best fits “of your” referring to the gospel believers)

(i.e., every personal resolve to do good) (not just the goodness and the work

resolve, but the manifestation of your resolve) (that your faith in Christ of faith

stipulates and stimulates) (with God’s enabling) , (when gospel with power

believers are “faithful in a very little”8 they are further enabled by God’s power to

do more and greater works.)

View 2

(by walking worthy of your calling, you will open the doors for the Lord to) and

(to bring to fulfillment, or to conclusion or completion) (not just some, but fulfill all

all) (the resolve, purpose, intention, desire) the good pleasure of His goodness

(i.e., to benefit your person with all the goodness the Lord can and desires to

bestow upon His gospel believers—All of this goodness has to come from God as

only God is good, Matt. 19:179) (resulting in) (further) and the work

(manifestation) (the gospel believer’s acts of) (through God’s of faith with

enabling) (when gospel believers are “faithful in a very little” they are power,

further enabled by God’s power to do more and greater works.)

7 Ephesians 4:1 (AMP) – I THEREFORE, the prisoner for the Lord, appeal to and

beg you to walk (lead a life) worthy of the [divine] calling to which you have been

called [with behavior that is a credit to the summons to God’s service,

8 Luke 19:17 – And he said to him, ‘Well done, good servant; because you were

faithful in a very little, have authority over ten cities.’

9 Matthew 19:17 – So He said to him, “Why do you call Me good? No one is good

but One, that is, God. But if you want to enter into life, keep the commandments.”

12 (we pray for you in order that) (the Person, Words and works) that the name of

(continue to) (acknowledged, our Lord Jesus Christ may be glorified

recognized, esteemed, honored) in you (by way of the good conduct/new life 10

Christ gives and brings out through you, your walk matching your talk, seeing

Christ through you), (acknowledged, recognized, esteemed, honored) and you in

(further blessed, encouraged, used, rewarded, etc.),11 (not out Him according to

of, but “according to” in accordance to) (the unbelievable, unmerited the grace

benevolence) of our God and the Lord Jesus Christ.

2 Thessalonians 2

(who were with Paul at the planting of this Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy,

The Great Apostasy

2 (gospel believers), Now, brethren concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus

(at the rapture of the church) (1 Christ and our gathering together to Him

Thess. 4:13-18), (Paul, Silvanus and Timothy) 2 we ask you, not to be soon

(quickly or easily) (unsettled, tossed about, upset—[It’s the word used shaken

for a reed tossed about by the wind]) (in your knowledge and in mind

understanding—[We might say today, “Keep your head screwed on

straight.”]) (a nervous anxiousness or alarm—[The Britain’s and or troubled

Australians have a saying that fits here, “before you get your knickers in a

knot…”]), (by some proclaimed prophecy or speaking in tongues) either by spirit

(by some conversation, teaching, rumor etc.) (by some or by word or by letter

10 2 Corinthians 9:13 – while, through the proof of this ministry, they glorify God for the

obedience of your confession to the gospel of Christ, and for your liberal sharing with them and

all men,

11 Romans 8:17–18 – and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and joint heirs with Christ, if

indeed we suffer with Him, that we may also be glorified together. 18 For I consider that the

sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be

revealed in us.

written report or notice), (written and sent by) as if from us, as though the day of

(already) (Paul is basically saying to the gospel believers here, Christ had come

“Calm down!”). 3 (seduce) (no matter by Let no one deceive you by any means

what accreditations they may have, or how charismatic they may be or how

absolutely convinced they are) (the rapture of the church) ; for that Day will

(absolutely) (lit., “the standing off from” – it’s not come unless the falling away

the word we get our word “apostasy” from – So the “falling away” is from

something like a position or location),

Three views as to what this “falling away” may pertain to are.

1. Most believe it pertains to the professing church going predominately

apostate; moving from truth to lies.

1 Timothy 4:1–3 – Now the Spirit expressly says that in latter times

some will depart from the faith, giving heed to deceiving spirits and

doctrines of demons, 2 speaking lies in hypocrisy, having their own

conscience seared with a hot iron, 3 forbidding to marry, and

commanding to abstain from foods which God created to be received

with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth.

2 Timothy 3:1–5 – But know this, that in the last days perilous times will

come: 2 For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boasters,

proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy, 3 unloving, unforgiving, slanderers, without self-control, brutal, despisers

of good, 4 traitors, headstrong, haughty, lovers of pleasure rather than

lovers of God, 5 having a form of godliness but denying its power. And

from such people turn away!

2 Timothy 4:3–4 – For the time will come when they will not endure

sound doctrine, but according to their own desires, because they have

itching ears, they will heap up for themselves teachers; 4 and they will

turn their ears away from the truth, and be turned aside to fables.

James 5:1–8 – Come now, you rich, weep and howl for your miseries

that are coming upon you! 2 Your riches are corrupted, and your

garments are moth-eaten. 3 Your gold and silver are corroded, and their

corrosion will be a witness against you and will eat your flesh like fire.

You have heaped up treasure in the last days. 4 Indeed the wages of the

laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, cry out;

and the cries of the reapers have reached the ears of the Lord of

Sabaoth. 5 You have lived on the earth in pleasure and luxury; you have

fattened your hearts as in a day of slaughter. 6 You have condemned,

you have murdered the just; he does not resist you. 7 Therefore be

patient, brethren, until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits

for the precious fruit of the earth, waiting patiently for it until it receives

the early and latter rain. 8 You also be patient. Establish your hearts, for

the coming of the Lord is at hand.

2 Peter 2

2 Peter 3:3–6 – knowing this first: that scoffers will come in the last days,

walking according to their own lusts, 4 and saying, “Where is the promise

of His coming? For since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as

they were from the beginning of creation.” 5 For this they willfully forget:

that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing

out of water and in the water, 6 by which the world that then existed

perished, being flooded with water.

Jude

2. Others believe that it may pertain to Israel’s transgression of complying with

the Jewish antichrist’s decision to place an idol in the holy of holies in God’s

temple.

Daniel 8:13 – Then I heard a holy one speaking; and another holy one

said to that certain one who was speaking, “How long will the vision be,

concerning the daily sacrifices and the transgression of desolation, the

giving of both the sanctuary and the host to be trampled underfoot?”

Daniel 8:23 – “And in the latter time of their kingdom, when the

transgressors have reached their fullness, a king shall arise, having

fierce features, who understands sinister schemes.

Daniel 9:24 – “Seventy weeks are determined for your people and for

your holy city, to finish the transgression, to make an end of sins, to

make reconciliation for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to

seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy.

Daniel 9:27 – Then he shall confirm a covenant with many for one week;

but in the middle of the week he shall bring an end to sacrifice and

offering. And on the wing of abominations shall be one who makes

desolate, even until the consummation, which is determined, Is poured

out on the desolate.”

Micah 1:5 – All this is for the transgression of Jacob and for the sins of

the house of Israel. What is the transgression of Jacob? Is it not

Samaria? And what are the high places of Judah? Are they not

Jerusalem?

3. Others yet believe it pertains to the universal church moving from earth to

heaven; the result of the rapture. (Referring to the previous chapters through

1 Thess. 4)

(absolutely) for that Day will not come unless the falling away comes first and

(the Jewish antichrist) (publically and officially – he is the man of sin is revealed

called the “man of sin” because he is the embodiment and personification of sin),

(the son of hell, doom, destruction – he is called this as this the son of perdition

is his ultimate destiny), 4 (Christ – “he will speak against Him,” “he who opposes

will denounce Him,” or “he will regard Him as nothing.”12) and exalts himself

(he will oppose every so-above all that is called God or that is worshiped

called god as well as every object of worship, other than himself. He will attack

and seek to destroy anyone and anything that threatens his being supremely

worshiped in Israel.), (much so) (will place himself above them all as so that he

he) (hijacking for himself all divine honors as God) (very) sits as God in the

(proclaiming) (Israel’s prophet, temple of God, showing himself that he is God

priest and king).

Matthew 24:15 – “Therefore when you see the ‘abomination of desolation,’

spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place” (whoever reads,

let him understand),

Mark 13:14 – “So when you see the ‘abomination of desolation,’ spoken of

by Daniel the prophet, standing where it ought not” (let the reader

understand), “then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

Just as Herod ruled in Palestine and Caesar ruled in Europe, so the antichrist will

reign in Palestine and the Roman prince will reign in Europe. (Rev. 13)

The willful king (the Jewish antichrist) of Daniel 11:36-39 will exalt himself and

tolerate no god except the European dictator who controls the militarism and

defense in the West. The willful king will honor, acknowledge, and glorify the

12 Ellingworth, P., & Nida, E. A. (1976). A handbook on Paul’s letters to the Thessalonians (p. 164). New York: United Bible Societies.

European dictator as an equal, for he (the Jewish antichrist) will enjoy all of the

authority of the European dictator.13

Daniel 11:36–39 – “Then the king (the Jewish antichrist) shall do according

to his own will: he shall exalt and magnify himself above every god, shall

speak blasphemies against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the wrath

has been accomplished; for what has been determined shall be done. 37 He

shall regard neither the God of his fathers nor the desire of women, nor

regard any god; for he shall exalt himself above them all. 38 But in their place

he shall honor a god of fortresses (the European prince/dictator); and a god

which his fathers did not know he shall honor with gold and silver, with

precious stones and pleasant things. 39 Thus he shall act against the

strongest fortresses with a foreign god, which he shall acknowledge, and

advance its glory; and he shall cause them to rule over many, and divide the

land for gain.

5 (the inference is “surely you have not forgotten”) Do you not remember that

(Paul) (personally) (same) when I was still with you I told you these things?6 (at the present time) ([neuter] they knew what this And now you know what

was, but we are not told what) (which can mean is “holding back,” is restraining

or “holding fast,” or “holding sway over”), (the Jewish antichrist) that he may be

(publicly only) (at the assigned time, at the time allowed revealed in his own time

for him to do so [e.g., Sprinters waiting for the gun; the one who holds the gun

restrains them).

7 (referring here to the decisive direction and culmination of For the mystery

human history which is hidden from the world, but not from Christians) of

(lawless, rebellious living; the outworking of a worldview that is in lawlessness

complete disregard and disrespect to what is prescribed by God and even society)

(in part and principle) (evidencing its presence not in a is already at work

wholesale sense yet, as that is being restrained, but certainly to and against the

community of gospel believers); ([masculine, sing.] ) (presently) only He who now

(“holds back,” or “holds fast,” and/or “holds sway over” – I believe Him to restrains

be the Holy Spirit who) (continue to) (restrain this global lawlessness)will do so

(the Holy Spirit) (not “away,” but) (until He fires until He is taken out of the way

the gun, the Holy Spirit will remain active on the earth, but He will step aside and

13

Benson, John L, (1980). I and II Thessalonians: The Prospect of Glory. Accent Publications Inc, p. 78

allow the ever-determined tidal wave of lawlessness to finally wash over the entire

world. The removal of the gospel believers in the rapture probably happens at the

same time).

Who or what is restraining the satanically empowered movement against God’s law and is postponing the revelation of the man of sin? Some say it is the Roman Empire. But the empire has long vanished and “the holder back” is not yet revealed. Another suggestion is that this is Satan, but it is difficult to see why he would hold back sin. Others suggest that human governments are holding back sin and the revealing of the Antichrist. But human governments will not end prior to the Antichrist’s unveiling. Nor do all governments restrain sin; many encourage it!

The Holy Spirit of God is the only Person with sufficient (supernatural) power to do this restraining. 14

Daniel 9:26–27 – “And after the sixty-two weeks Messiah shall be cut off, but not

for Himself; and the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and

the sanctuary. The end of it shall be with a flood, and till the end of the war

desolations are determined. 27 Then he shall confirm a covenant with many for one

week; but in the middle of the week he shall bring an end to sacrifice and offering.

And on the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate, even until the

consummation, which is determined, is poured out on the desolate.”

Daniel 11:36–12:1 – “Then the king shall do according to his own will: he shall

exalt and magnify himself above every god, shall speak blasphemies against the

God of gods, and shall prosper till the wrath has been accomplished; for what has

been determined shall be done. 37 He shall regard neither the God of his fathers

nor the desire of women, nor regard any god; for he shall exalt himself above

them all. 38 But in their place he shall honor a god of fortresses; and a god which

his fathers did not know he shall honor with gold and silver, with precious stones

and pleasant things. 39 Thus he shall act against the strongest fortresses with a

foreign god, which he shall acknowledge, and advance its glory; and he shall

cause them to rule over many, and divide the land for gain.

40 “At the time of the end the king of the South shall attack him; and the king of

the North shall come against him like a whirlwind, with chariots, horsemen, and

with many ships; and he shall enter the countries, overwhelm them, and pass

through. 41 He shall also enter the Glorious Land, and many countries shall be

14 Constable, T. L. (1985). 2 Thessalonians. In J. F. Walvoord & R. B. Zuck (Eds.), The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures (Vol. 2, p.

719). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

overthrown; but these shall escape from his hand: Edom, Moab, and the

prominent people of Ammon. 42 He shall stretch out his hand against the countries,

and the land of Egypt shall not escape. 43 He shall have power over the treasures

of gold and silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt; also the Libyans and

Ethiopians shall follow at his heels. 44 But news from the east and the north shall

trouble him; therefore he shall go out with great fury to destroy and annihilate

many. 45 And he shall plant the tents of his palace between the seas and the

glorious holy mountain; yet he shall come to his end, and no one will help him.

12:1 “At that time Michael shall stand up, the great prince who stands watch over

the sons of your people; and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was

since there was a nation, even to that time. And at that time your people shall be

delivered, every one who is found written in the book.

Revelation 13:13–14 – He performs great signs, so that he even makes fire come

down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men. 14 And he deceives those who

dwell on the earth—by those signs which he was granted to do in the sight of the

beast, telling those who dwell on the earth to make an image to the beast who

was wounded by the sword and lived.

8 (after the restrainer steps aside) (the Jewish And then the lawless one

Antichrist [who will reign jointly with the Roman prince]) (for the will be revealed

world to see), (Jesus Christ) (at the end of the 7 year whom the Lord will

tribulation period of time) (overthrow, destroy him, his word and his consume

influence easily) (by His simple command) with the breath of His mouth and

(bring him to an end, to utter defeat) (the purity, destroy with the brightness

majesty, glory) (instantly, at the very moment of Jesus Christ’s of His coming

glorious and royal arrival).

9 (the existence and arrival) (this Jewish The coming of the lawless one

antichrist who lives out a worldview that is in complete disregard and disrespect to

what is prescribed by God and society) (in respect to its source, is according to

power, and character to) (the purpose and zeal) (himself), the working of Satan

(to the full capacity of the power God has granted Satan, which with all power

allows him to perform), (supernatural displays that are meant to direct the signs

thoughts of its audience in a certain direction), (supernatural and lying wonders

displays that are meant to awe, astonish, mesmerize—desiring to pass himself off

as the God who allows him these powers),

Matthew 24:24 – For false christs and false prophets will rise and show great

signs and wonders to deceive, if possible, even the elect.

Acts 2:22 – “Men of Israel, hear these words: Jesus of Nazareth, a Man attested

by God to you by miracles, wonders, and signs which God did through Him in your

midst, as you yourselves also know—

10 (sorts/kinds of) (wicked, evil) (delusion, and with all unrighteous deception

seduction) (who die in their sin and spend eternity in among those who perish

judgment), (welcome, accept) (the love of because they did not receive the love

One who loved us while we were yet sinners—verses the one who Satan seeks to

destroy us [because they did not receive the love]) (God’s signs of the truth

and wonders testifying to Christ being the true Messiah and Savior of the world—

verses Satan’s lies), (saved from sin and death and that they might be saved

saved to righteousness and eternal life). 11 (because they And for this reason

chose to love Satan’s wicked lies rather than God’s loving truth) God will send

(those who choose Satan over Christ) (working, effectual) them strong delusion

(false judgment or opinion), (as Satan’s that they should believe the lie

endeavors don’t work just because he wills them to. God is not only in control of

how much or little power Satan has, but God is also in control as to the impact of

the power.),

Romans 1:18–25 – For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all

ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in

unrighteousness, 19 because what may be known of God is manifest in them, for

God has shown it to them. 20 For since the creation of the world His invisible

attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even

His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse, 21 because,

although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God, nor were thankful, but

became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish hearts were darkened. 22 Professing to be wise, they became fools, 23 and changed the glory of the

incorruptible God into an image made like corruptible man—and birds and four-

footed animals and creeping things.

24 Therefore God also gave them up to uncleanness, in the lusts of their hearts,

to dishonor their bodies among themselves, 25 who exchanged the truth of God for

the lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is

blessed forever. Amen.

John 12:36–43 – While you have the light, believe in the light, that you may

become sons of light.” These things Jesus spoke, and departed, and was hidden

from them. 37 But although He had done so many signs before them, they did not

believe in Him, 38 that the word of Isaiah the prophet might be fulfilled, which he

spoke: “Lord, who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the LORD

been revealed?” 39 Therefore they could not believe, because Isaiah said again: 40

“He has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts, lest they should see

with their eyes, lest they should understand with their hearts and turn, so that I

should heal them.” 41 These things Isaiah said when he saw His glory and spoke of

Him. 42 Nevertheless even among the rulers many believed in Him, but because of

the Pharisees they did not confess Him, lest they should be put out of the

synagogue; 43 for they loved the praise of men more than the praise of God.

12 (pronounced guilty) that they all may be condemned who did not believe

(place saving faith in) (of the gospel of Jesus Christ) (instead) the truth but had

(delight) (sin). pleasure in unrighteousness

Stand Fast

13 (in contrast to the judgment that awaits non-gospel believers) (Paul, But we

Silas and Timothy) (obligated) (express our gratitude) are bound to give thanks

(at all times, in all our circumstances) (our to God always for you, brethren

fellow gospel believers) (subjects of God’s infinite and beloved by the Lord

eternal love),

Why were they ? bound to give thanks

For “we are obliged to give thanks to God always for you” see on 2 Thess. 1:3. For “brothers beloved by the Lord” cf. on 1 Thess. 1:4. For “because God chose you” see on 1 Thess. 1:4. For “salvation” see on 1 Thess. 5:8, 9. For “sanctification” see on 1 Thess. 4:3, 7. For “belief” see on 2 Thess. 1:3, 4, 11; 1 Thess. 1:3. For “truth” see on 2 Thess. 2:10, 12.

For “calling” see on 1 Thess. 1:5; 2:12; 4:7; 5:24. For “with a view to obtaining” see on 1 Thess. 5:9. For “glory” see on 1 Thess. 2:12. For “our Lord Jesus Christ” see on 1 Thess. 1:1.15

(on account that) (from the concept of because God from the beginning

mankind God [Eph. 1:4]) (Personally separated you16) chose you for salvation

(from the guilt, power and penalty of sin; to a more abundant and eternal life)

(for you to be holy as He is holy [1 Pet. 1:16] – God’s will through sanctification

is for gospel believers to become in practice what He has made us positionally in

providing us the righteousness of Christ [Phil. 3:9]; that is accomplished) by the

(Holy) (God’s truth, verses all of Satan’s lies and Spirit and belief in the truth

counterfeits), 14 (summoned) (to this eternal salvation and to which He called you

progressive sanctification) (the gospel of Christ), (ultimately) by our gospel for

(for the acquisition and sharing) the obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus

(of all that salvation in Christ has to offer.) Christ

The believer shall be glorified with Christ as an heir of God.

Romans 8:16–17 – The Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit that we are

children of God, 17 and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and joint heirs with

Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him, that we may also be glorified together.

The believer shall be glorified by being given a body just like the body of Christ.

Philippians 3:21 – who will transform our lowly body that it may be conformed to

His glorious body, according to the working by which He is able even to subdue all

things to Himself.

The believer shall be glorified with Christ by appearing in the glory of heaven.

Colossians 3:4 – When Christ who is our life appears, then you also will appear

with Him in glory.

The believer shall be glorified with Christ by receiving [an endowment] of glory, a glorious [endowment] just like the [Person] of Christ.

15 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, p. 187). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 16 Jas. 1:18; Rev. 14:4; Rom. 8:23; 11:16; 16:5; 1 Cor. 15:20, 23; 16:15

o Eternal life o Purity/Holiness o Made in God’s image/self-awareness o Indwelling Holy Spirit o Spiritual gifts

Romans 8:18 – For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not

worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.

The believer shall be glorified with Christ by receiving an eternal weight of glory (i.e., all the glory there is to experience).

o The depth, height, and breadth of our glory—its boundries

2 Corinthians 4:17 – For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, is working

for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory,

The believer shall be glorified with Christ by receiving a salvation that involves eternal glory.

2 Timothy 2:10 – Therefore I endure all things for the sake of the elect, that they

also may obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.

The believer shall be glorified with Christ by becoming a partaker of all the glory that shall be revealed.

1 Peter 5:1 – The elders who are among you I exhort, I who am a fellow elder and

a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a partaker of the glory that will be

revealed:

The believer shall be glorified with Christ by receiving the light of the glory of God, and they shall reign with Him for ever and ever.

Revelation 22:5 – There shall be no night there: They need no lamp nor light of

the sun, for the Lord God gives them light. And they shall reign forever and ever.17

15 (because we are assured of God’s sovereign grace in Therefore, brethren,

salvation, because we are certain of its ultimate [result] in glory, because God

works out in time what He has planned from eternity, because we have believed

the truth of the gospel18) (meaning here to stand firm in faith and duty, stand fast

to be constant, to persevere)

17 Preacher's Outline and Sermon Bible - Commentary - The Preacher's Outline & Sermon Bible – 1 & 2 Thessalonians, 1 & 2 Thimothy, Titus, Philemon. 18

Benson, John L, (1980). I and II Thessalonians: The Prospect of Glory. Accent Publications Inc, p. 84

Romans 14:4 – Who are you to judge another’s servant? To his own master

he stands or falls (meaning it is for his own master, not someone else, to

judge whether or not he is faithful)19. Indeed, he will be made to stand, for

God is able to make him stand.

1 Corinthians 16:13 – Watch, stand fast in the faith, be brave, be strong.

Philippians 1:27 – Only let your conduct be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so

that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of your affairs,

that you stand fast in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith

of the gospel,

Philippians 4:1 – Therefore, my beloved and longed-for brethren, my joy and

crown, so stand fast in the Lord, beloved.

(cling to, seize) (the authoritative teachings stand fast and hold the traditions

that have been handed down) which you were taught (by Paul, Silas, and

Timothy), whether by word (hearing these teachings from our own mouth) or our

epistle (or by letters from us).

1 Corinthians 11:2 – Now I praise you, brethren, that you remember me

(they respected Paul), (the in all things and keep the traditions

instructions that Paul taught and modeled), . just as I delivered them to you

(The issue wasn’t that the Corinthian believers didn’t know the truth, they

simply weren’t applying the truth.)

Galatians 1:14 – (up the ladder in status), And I advanced in Judaism

(or outstripping), beyond many of my contemporaries in my own nation,

(than they), (the being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions

teachings of the law of Moses), , (of my pharisaical superiors). of my fathers

2 Thessalonians 2:15 is not talking about the traditions of men outside of

God as Colossians 2:8 is, Beware lest anyone cheat you through

(human understanding, ideas, speculation) (hollow, philosophy and empty

worthless, vain) (illusions, seductions), deceit according to the tradition

(ideas, teachings) (mere) (rudimentary, of men, according to the basic

fleshly) (the worldview of humanism), principles of the world and not

(truth, wisdom that is from above). according to Christ

19 Zodhiates, S. (2000). The complete word study dictionary: New Testament. Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers.

16 (since God is the only One who can supernaturally encourage and Now

strengthen you) may our Lord Jesus Christ Himself, and our God and Father

(who are the same in essence and purpose, but do differ some in function), who

(when we were sinner and with an everlasting love and continues to has loved us

love us now) (freely) (rather than deserved, merited or earned—He has and given

) (never ending) (comfort, encouragement) given us everlasting consolation

(sure, firm, bright) (confident expectation) (completely and good hope by grace

by God’s unmerited favor), 17 (the control center of your life) comfort your hearts

(strengthen, support— “to cause someone to become stronger and establish you

in the sense of more firm and unchanging in attitude [and/]or belief”20) (in in every

you and through you— ) (godly) (that comes out of your in every good word

mouth) (that you apply your mind and hands to). and work

We are responsible to exert ourselves and exercise a firm grip on the truth which

is embodied in the New Testament revelation. The knowledge that we have been

saved by sovereign election should encourage us to fresh efforts in evangelism,

endurance, vigilance, and obedience. We have been chosen not to be careless

but to "stand fast." We owe it as a debt to God to be steadfast.

It goes without saying, of course, that our strength to stand fast comes from God,

not from natural energies native to our dispositions. In the power which the Spirit

supplies, we remain faithful. God strengthens the believer by giving him reminders

of the Saviours love (verse 16). What Christ did at the cross is the absolute proof

and demonstration that God the Father loves us. From this fountain of love all

other benefits flow. Because He loves us, He graciously imparts to us whatever

encouragement we need for Christian living. Such "consolation" does not quickly

expire; it continues to eternity future. In grace God has given the believer "good

hope" – a sure and cheery anticipation in Christ which shall know no

disappointment.21

2 Thessalonians 3

Pray for Us

20 Louw, J. P., & Nida, E. A. (1996). Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament: based on semantic domains. New York: United Bible Societies.

21 Benson, John L, (1980). I and II Thessalonians: The Prospect of Glory. Accent Publications Inc, p. 84, 85

3 (concerning my final thoughts), (my fellow gospel believers), Finally brethren

(as you spend time with God, seek His favor) (for our team and pray for us

ministry), (that His truth that is meant to set people that the word of the Lord

free) (that it may spread rapidly, quickly—like a fire burning up a may run swiftly

dry canyon, that man nor demon can easily stop. It can run because it’s living,

energized by the breath of God Himself.) ([1] be given its due and be glorified

honor by the people—through acknowledging its Author, God, man’s Creator, [2]

through acknowledging its power to save people and change their lives and [3]

through embracing it themselves and endorsing it), (as you just as it is with you

adore it, are adorned with it and speak of it with admiration), 2 (the and that we

evangelistic team) (rescued, preserved) may be delivered from unreasonable

(lit., “out of place” — meaning that we may be delivered from the vicious

opposition to the truth of those who are out of the true faith) (evil, vile, and wicked

vicious, malicious) (true saving) men; for not all have faith.

Too much Christian work these days is accomplished by human plans and

promotion, and not by the Word of God. We trust our programs and do not publish

the Word of God. The universe was created, and is sustained, by the Word of God

(Heb. 11:3). Surely His Word can accomplish His work in this world. But the

preaching of the Word in the pulpit has too often been replaced by the

entertainment of the world on the platform. Dr. Donald Coggan, Archbishop of

Canterbury, has said of Christian pastors: “It is their task to feed the sheep—not to

entertain the goats.”22

This was the great thing that Paul was most solicitous about. He was more

solicitous that God’s name might be sanctified, his kingdom advanced, and his will

done, than he was about his own daily bread. He desired that the word of the Lord

might run (so it is in the original), that it might get ground, that the interest of

religion in the world might go forward and not backward, and not only go forward,

but go apace. All the forces of hell were then, and still are, more or less, raised

and mustered to oppose the word of the Lord, to hinder its publication and

success. We should pray, therefore, that oppositions may be removed, that so the

gospel, may have free course to the ears, the hearts, and the consciences of men,

that it may be glorified in the conviction and conversion of sinners, the confutation,

of gainsayers, and the holy conversation of the saints. God, who magnified the

22 Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 203). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

law, and made it honourable, will glorify the gospel, and make that honourable,

and so will glorify his own name; and good ministers and good Christians may

very well be contented to be little, to be any thing, to be nothing, if Christ be

magnified and his gospel be glorified.23

3 (in contrast to the faithless unreasonable and wicked men) (state But the Lord is

of being) (trustworthy, reliable, dependable – concerning His promises to faithful

the unsaved as well as the gospel believers [cf., 1 Thess. 5:24]), (as a who will

by-product of His state of being) (give you strength, make you firm, establish you

cause you to be steadfast)

This could involve the Lord:

Strengthening them concerning the temptations they may face from demonic

forces as well as mans under their influence

Firming up of their wills—to press towards the goal and not compromise or

give up

The provision of inward stability, rest, peace, joy

Strengthening their faith—to remain faithful servant slaves

(another by-product of God’s state of being is that He will) (keep and guard you

you safe, protect you) (the oppression of evil which would from the evil one

certainly include Satan and his demonic followers, but just as certainly, would not

be limited to them [cf., 2:18]).

Persecution by faithless persons was a stark, indisputable reality. Persevering in

the face of persecution required recognizing an equally genuine reality that one

might forget in the midst of suffering—that the Lord is faithful. His faithfulness

guarantees that

(a) our suffering has meaning,

(b) our persecutors will reap their just reward [if they persist in their

persecution], and

(c) our future is secure in him.

The conviction that God is faithful enables believers to look beyond the

persecution of the faithless and continue in the faith.24

23 Henry, M. (1994). Matthew Henry’s commentary on the whole Bible: complete and unabridged in one volume (p. 2349). Peabody: Hendrickson. 24 Martin, D. M. (1995). 1, 2 Thessalonians (Vol. 33, p. 265). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.

1 Thessalonians 3:2 (AMP) – And we sent Timothy, our brother and God’s

servant in [spreading] the good news (the Gospel) of Christ, to strengthen

and establish and to exhort and comfort and encourage you in your faith,

1 Thessalonians 3:12–13 (AMP) – And may the Lord make you to increase and

excel and overflow in love for one another and for all people, just as we also

do for you, So that He may strengthen and confirm and establish your hearts

faultlessly pure and unblamable in holiness in the sight of our God and

Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ (the Messiah) with all His

saints (the holy and glorified people of God)! Amen, (so be it)!

1 Thessalonians 5:24 (AMP) – Faithful is He Who is calling you [to Himself]

and utterly trustworthy, and He will also do it [fulfill His call by hallowing and

keeping you].

2 Thessalonians 2:17 (AMP) – Comfort and encourage your hearts and

strengthen them [make them steadfast and keep them unswerving] in every

good work and word.

The Canons of Dort:

“Moreover, when God accomplishes this his good pleasure in the elect, or works in them true conversion, he not only provides that the gospel should be outwardly preached to them, and powerfully illumines their mind by the Holy Spirit, that they may rightly understand and discern what are the things of the Spirit of God, but he also, by the efficacy of the same regenerating Spirit, penetrates into the innermost recesses of man, opens the closed, softens the hardened, and circumcises the uncircumcised heart, infuses new qualities into the will, and makes that will which had been dead alive, which was evil good, which had been unwilling willing, which had been refractory [difficult to treat or cure, control or deal with] pliable; and actuates [AT-CHEW-ATES: to make something operational] and strengthens it, that as a good tree it may be able to bring forth fruit of good works.… The will, being now renewed, is not only actuated and moved by God, but being actuated by God, itself also becomes active. Wherefore the man himself, through this grace received, is rightly said to believe and repent” (Third and

Fourth Heads of Doctrine, Articles XI and XII, my translation).25

Warren Wiersbe: “We cannot have confidence in ourselves, but we can have

confidence in God for ourselves and for others.”26 (Joseph, Daniel, David, Job,

Ester, Paul)

John Benson: “He [God] has pledged to ‘keep’ us, and this assurance should inspire

us to greater personal efforts in being faithful to the faithful One.”

25 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, p. 196). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 26 Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 203). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

4 (moreover) (Paul and his gospel team) (rest, And we have confidence

assurance, trust, not in you, your talents, faith, track record, or anything else about

you, but) (that you in the Lord concerning you, both that you do and will do

are living and will continue to live according to) the things we command

(charged, directed, instructed) you.

5 (Paul prays) (not you, or anyone, or anything else) Now may the Lord direct

(turn, rule, lead) (the control center of your life) your hearts into the love of God

(That their hearts may be brought into the love of God, to be in love with God27)

(we must expect this second coming of Christ, and into the patience of Christ

and be careful to get ready for it; there must be a patient waiting, enduring with

courage and constancy all that we may meet with in the meantime28).

We sustain a great deal of damage by misplacing our affections; it is our sin and

our misery that we place our affections upon wrong objects.29

“Thy love to me, O Christ, Thy love to me,

Not mine to thee I plead, Not mine to thee.

This is my comfort strong, This is my joyful song,

Thy love to me.” (Mrs. M. E. Gates, 1886)

This love is strong, sovereign, unconditional (i.e., not dependent in its origin on

foreseen love coming from us, but creating love in our hearts), never-ending, and

above all human comprehension.30

The “endurance of Christ” must not be interpreted as meaning the wonderful longsuffering which Jesus showed to his friends, for example, to Peter. Endurance (ὑπομονή) is the grace to bear up under. It amounts to stedfastness, no matter what may be the cost. In nearly every case in which the apostle employs the term he also uses a word which indicates the hostility directed against Christ and his followers or the trials and hardships which they have to endure. Note the following examples:

Rom. 5:3, 4: endurance in the midst of tribulation Rom. 15:4, 5: endurance in the midst of reproach (cf. verse 3) 2 Cor. 1:6: endurance in the midst of suffering

27 Henry, M. (1994). Matthew Henry’s commentary on the whole Bible: complete and unabridged in one volume (p. 2349). Peabody: Hendrickson. 28 Henry, M. (1994). Matthew Henry’s commentary on the whole Bible: complete and unabridged in one volume (p. 2349). Peabody: Hendrickson. 29 Henry, M. (1994). Matthew Henry’s commentary on the whole Bible: complete and unabridged in one volume (p. 2349). Peabody: Hendrickson. 30 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, p. 197). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House.

2 Cor. 6:4: endurance in the midst of affliction 2 Cor. 12:12: endurance in the midst of persecution, distress 2 Thess. 1:4: endurance in the midst of persecution 1 Tim. 6:11: endurance in the midst of “the good fight of faith” (see verse 12) 2 Tim. 3:10: endurance in the midst of persecution, suffering (see verse 11)31

What the church needs today is not more machinery or better, nor new organizations or more and novel methods, but men whom the Holy God can use—men of prayers, men mighty in prayer. The Holy Ghost does not flow through method, but through men. He does not come on machinery, but on men. He does not anoint plans, but men—men of prayer. –E. M. Bounds

Warning Against Idleness

6 (because of the confidence we can have in the Lord [v. 4], including directing But

our hearts in love, and the patience we ought to be exercising in waiting for His

return [v. 5]) (order you, charge you), (our fellow we command you brethren

gospel believers), (by the authority given in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ

to us by the Lord Jesus Himself), (avoid, keep away, hold that you withdraw

aloof) (professing gospel believer—the unbeliever isn’t in the from every brother

context) (whose habitual lifestyle is) (lazy, a loafer, who walks disorderly

undisciplined [cf, vv. 10-11])32 (the teaching) and not according to the tradition

(Apostles and ambassadors of Christ: Paul, Silas and which he received from us

Timothy).

When admonition does not succeed, segregation must be resorted to, at least to a

limited extent. Note that the severe measure mentioned in 1 Cor. 5:5 [1 Corinthians

5:1 – It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and such sexual

immorality as is not even named among the Gentiles—that a man has his father’s wife! 1

Corinthians 5:5 – deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that his spirit may

31 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, pp. 197–198). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 32 1 Thessalonians 2:9 – For you remember, brethren, our labor and toil; for laboring

night and day, that we might not be a burden to any of you, we preached to you the gospel of

God.

1 Thessalonians 4:11 – that you also aspire to lead a quiet life, to mind your own business,

and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you,

1 Thessalonians 5:14 – Now we exhort you, brethren, warn those who are unruly, comfort the

fainthearted, uphold the weak, be patient with all.

be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.] is not yet contemplated here in II Thess. The

“brothers” (see on 1 Thess. 1:4) [1 Thessalonians 1:4 – knowing, beloved brethren, your

election by God.] are told to stay away (cf. 2 Cor. 8:20) [2 Corinthians 8:20 – avoiding

this: that anyone should blame us in this lavish gift which is administered by us] from such a

“brother” (note that the disorderly persons are still referred to by this name!). Even

this staying away however, is qualified. It does not imply complete ostracism, for

verse 15 states expressly that such a one must be admonished as a brother. [2

Thessalonians 3:15 – Yet do not count him as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother.] It

does mean, however, that the rest of the congregation should not “get mixed up

with him” (verse 14), that is, should not associate with such a person on intimate

terms, agreeing with him and following his example.33

This course of action would have three important consequences: (1) It would free

those providing support to withdraw it. (2) It would force the indolent and

irresponsible into line with Paul’s teachings if they wished to enjoy the benefits

that membership in the community offered in this age and the next. (3) It would

provide an important statement to outsiders that the Christian community

supported the best in traditional Greco-Roman moral values regarding work (cf.

Hock, Social Context, 42–47).34

7 (necessarily) (imitate For you yourselves know how you ought to follow us

us – live and work like we did while we were with you), for we were not

(lazy, loafers, undisciplined) ; disorderly among you

8 (food) (without compensating nor did we eat anyone’s bread free of charge

them), (hard) (travail, hardship) but worked with labor and toil night and day,

(24/7) (an expense) that we might not be a burden to any of you,

9 (the right to ask to be supported in our not because we do not have authority

ministry), (and our ministry) but to make ourselves an example of how you

(live and serve like us). should follow us

From 1 Cor. 9:4–6 it would appear that Paul was exceptional among apostolic

missionaries in not exercising this right. His reason, as mentioned above, was

twofold: First, as 1 Thes. 2:4f. and 9f. suggest, he did not exercise his right to

maintenance as a matter of principle; he did not wish anyone to think that he

33 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, pp. 199–200). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 34 Wanamaker, C. A. (1990). The Epistles to the Thessalonians: a commentary on the Greek text (p. 282). Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans.

preached out of an impure motive or for his own gain. Second, as he indicates in

the purpose clause of the second part of 2 Thess. 3:9, he did it (“in order that we

might give ourselves as an example to you in order that we might be imitated”).35

Luke 10:7 – And remain in the same house, eating and drinking such things as

they give, for the laborer is worthy of his wages. Do not go from house to house.

Galatians 6:6 – Let him who is taught the word share in all good things with him

who teaches.

1 Timothy 5:17–18 – Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double

honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine. 18 For the Scripture

says, “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain,” and, “The laborer

is worthy of his wages.”

1 Corinthians 9:4–6 – 4 Do we have no right to eat and drink? 5 Do we have no right

to take along a believing wife, as do also the other apostles, the brothers of the

Lord, and Cephas? 6 Or is it only Barnabas and I who have no right to refrain from

working?

1 Corinthians 9:12 18 – 12 If others are partakers of this right over you, are we not

even more? Nevertheless we have not used this right, but endure all things lest

we hinder the gospel of Christ. …18 What is my reward then? That when I preach

the gospel, I may present the gospel of Christ without charge, that I may not

abuse my authority in the gospel.

10 (referring back to the issue of not acting in a lazy manner in verse 7)For

(we not only exemplified a hard working work ethic, even when we were with you

but), (too): (but rather be we commanded you this If anyone will not work

disorderly), (then not being willing to provide for him or neither shall he eat

herself).

It concerns the pious (?) sluggard who does not want to work, and who

proceeds from the idea: “The church owes me a living.” Substitute “world” or

“government” for “church” and the passage would fit many people living today,

both inside and outside the church!

Paul keeps perfect balance. While, on the one hand his heart goes out to those

who are really in need, and he is the kind of a man who is even willing to

undertake a missionary journey that will have as one of its purposes the energetic

35 Wanamaker, C. A. (1990). The Epistles to the Thessalonians: a commentary on the Greek text (p. 285). Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans.

promotion of a collection for the needy saints in Judea (see II Cor., Chapters 8

and 9; cf. Rom. 15:26–29; Gal. 2:10), on the other hand he has no sympathy

whatever with the attitude of people who refuse to do an honest day’s work. 36

Genesis 3:19 – In the sweat of your face you shall eat bread till you return to the

ground, for out of it you were taken; for dust you are, and to dust you shall return.”

11 (here’s my reason for bringing all this up) (being away now) For we hear that

(live) (out of there are some who walk among you in a disorderly manner

order, out of rank from where they should be, disobeying the orders of our Creator

and are idle), (they’re not even trying to do what is right), not working at all but

(who do nothing but meddle, interfere in other people’s are busybodies

business).

Almost every culture has its saying about idleness. The Romans said, “By doing

nothing, men learn to do evil.” Isaac Watts wrote: “For Satan finds some mischief

still, for idle hands to do.” The Jewish rabbis taught, “He who does not teach his son

a trade, teaches him to be a thief.”37

12 (you know who these people are) Now those who are such we command

(order, charge) (admonish, urge) (by our union with and thus and exhort through

obligation to) (as gospel believers) our Lord Jesus Christ that they work in

(in a quiet, orderly fashion) (and not expect quietness and eat their own bread

others to care for their needs).

13 (in contrast to the idle exploiters), (the responsible But as for you brethren

members of the church), (do not become discouraged, or lose do not grow weary

heart, let your passion to die) (in doing what is the right, honorable, in doing good

excellent thing to do. “Press toward the goal for the prize of the upward call

of God in Christ Jesus,” Philippians 3:14).

“Do not become so exasperated by the troublesome conduct of a few loafers that you will begin to tire of exercising charity with respect to those who are deserving.” But nothing in the context forbids us from interpreting the meaning to be:

36 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, p. 202). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 37 Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 206). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

“Do not be misled.

Do not let a few people who neglect their duty keep you from doing yours. 38

14 (in addition to not growing weary in doing good) And if anyone does not obey

(instruction) (letter), (take notice of) our word in this epistle note that person

(lit. “do not get mixed up with” him), and do not keep company with him that

(not alienated, shunned, or made an enemy, but that he may be) he may be

(meaning here to turn, withdraw, invert, turn back—signifying that by ashamed

the church families unified and demonstrable unacceptance of the persons

actions, the person sees his wrong as they biblically see it and put off the wrong,

in order to put on what is right).

In the case of the “lazy saints,” Paul told the believers to exhort them, warn them, and if they did not repent, withdraw intimate fellowship from them. This probably meant that these believers were not permitted to share in the Lord’s Supper, and that the church members would not invite them to their homes. Second Thessalonians 3:14 does not apply to every case of discipline. It applies only to the matter of saints not working for a living.

“Have no company” literally means “do not get mixed up with”; the same word is used in 1 Corinthians 5:9. There is a difference between acquaintanceship, friendship, and fellowship; for fellowship means “to have in common.” For obedient saints to treat disobedient Christians with the same friendship they show to other dedicated saints is to give approval to their sins.

However, Paul (knowing the tendency of human nature to go to extremes) cautioned them not to treat the offenders like enemies. “They are still your brothers in Christ,” he added. Lot was out of fellowship with God and Abraham because he lived in Sodom; yet Abraham rescued Lot from the enemy because Lot was his brother (Gen. 14, and note especially v. 14). It requires much patience, love, and grace to help an erring brother; and this is why Paul added a final motive for earning a living.39

The only ethical issue addressed in the letter that might require such extreme action is that of the behavior of the ataktoi [disorderly]. As a result it is most likely the word delivered in v. 12, “Such persons [as the ataktoi] we command and exhort in the Lord Jesus Christ to do their work quietly and to earn their own living” (NRSV), which the church was directed to enforce.

The church was to identify the ataktoi in order to disassociate from them.40

38 Hendriksen, W., & Kistemaker, S. J. (1953–2001). Exposition of I-II Thessalonians (Vol. 3, p. 204). Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 39 Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, pp. 207–208). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books. 40 Martin, D. M. (1995). 1, 2 Thessalonians (Vol. 33, pp. 285–286). Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.

15 (remember) (consider, treat, regard) (an Yet do not count him as an enemy

adversary, hostile, opponent), (rather) (warn) (collectively as a but admonish him

church family) (as fellow gospel believer of the church family. This is as a brother

to be a redemptive action, not punitive.)

Benediction

16 (the Master) (Jesus Christ) (personally)Now may the Lord of peace Himself

(graciously provide through His work on the cross and thus heavenly give you

resources) (cause you to sit down in your heart) (without exception) peace always

(in all circumstances and situations). (Jesus Christ) in every way The Lord be

(at the side) (orderly and disorderly as we are all a part of His family). with you all

John 14:27 – Peace I leave with you, My peace I give to you; not as the world

gives do I give to you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.

17 (which is written at this point) (not The salutation of Paul with my own hand

dictated to someone else), (a token of genuineness) which is a sign in every

(authenticating each of Paul’s letters as truly coming from him); epistle so I write

(the salutation).

18 (unmerited favor) (the source of this The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ

grace) (continue to inhabit, bless and keep all of you—the orderly be with you all

and disorderly). (so be it). Amen