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2. The inability of the dominant allele to make up for the presence of the recessive allele is associated with _____.
A. codominance B. epistasis C. incomplete dominance D. pleiotropy
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4. If the allele for red petals is not completely dominant to the allele for white petals, when a true-breeding plant with red petalsis crossed with a true breeding plant with white petals, the offspring will ____.
A. all have red petals B. all have pink petals C. all have white petals D. all have red and white petals
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5. When the plants with pink petals (R1R2) are allowed to self-pollinate, the phenotypic ratio of the offspring will be _____.
A. 3:1 B. 1:1:1:1 C. 1:2:1 D. 9:3:3:1
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8. The appearance of both A and B types of glycoproteins on the red blood cells of the people with AB blood type is anexample of _______.
A. codominance B. polygenic inheritance C. epistasis D. incomplete dominance
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9. In _____, genes at two different loci interact to control a single trait.
A. codominance B. pleiotropy C. polygenic inheritance D. epistasis ___
10. Albinism is the result of _____.
A. epistasis B. pleiotropy C. codominance D. incomplete dominance
___
11. If sweet peas are _____ in either gene for pigmentation, a lack of color results.
A. homozygous dominant B. heterozygous C. homozygous recessive ___
12. An absence of color occurs when _____.
A. a gene is absent B. an enzyme in a metabolic pathway is missing C. at least one dominant allele is present
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13. Polygenic inheritance occurs when one trait is governed by many genes occupying different loci on ______.
A. the same homologous pair of chromosomes B. different homologous pairs of chromosomes
C. either A or B D. neither A or B
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14. More than two possible phenotypes for a particular trait can be attributed to inheritance by _____.
A. simple dominance B. multiple alleles C. epistasis D. pleiotropy
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15. Blood type in humans is controlled by _____ allele(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four
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17. When there is a range of phenotypes, the inheritance is _____.
A. polygenic B. codominant C. incompletely dominant D. pleiotropic
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19. When individuals make an abnormal form of the extracellular matrix protein, fibrillin, which affects many other traits, theinheritance is the result of ______.
A. codominance B. multiple alleles C. simple dominance D. pleiotropy ___
20. More phenotypes than expected may result from polygenic inheritance because of _____.
A. multiple alleles B. codominance C. environmental effects D. pleiotropy
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22. Height in humans is affected by _____.
A. polygenic inheritance B. environmental effects such as nutrition C. both A and B ___
23. Environmental conditions can influence _____.
A. the skin color of humans B. the fur color of rabbits C. the appearance of a water buttercup D. all of the above ___
27. Which of the following supports the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
A. both chromosomes and alleles are paired in diploid cells B. homologous chromosomes and alleles separate during meiosis C. fertilization restores both the diploid chromosome number and allele pairs in the zygote. D. all of the above
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28. Who determines the sex of the child?
A. the male B. the female
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30. The sex chromosomes of a human female are _____.
A. XX B. XY C. YY
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33. Male and female Drosophila flies have _____.
A. the same number of chromosomes as humans B. one pair of sex chromosomes C. the same number of sex chromosomes as humans D. both B and C ___
34. The allele for Drosophila eye color ____.
A. is on the Y chromosome B. is on the X chromosome C. is on one of its autosomes
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37. Which of the following best describes a Drosophila with the genotype XRXr assuming XR = red eyes and Xr = white eyes?
A. female with red eyes B. female that is a carrier C. male with white eyes D. both A and B ___
38. Assuming XR = red eyes and Xr = white eye, what is the phenotype of an individual with the genotype XrY?
A. male with red eyes B. male with white eyes C. female with red eyes D. female with white eyes
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39. An individual with the genotype XrY will produce which of the following gametes?
A. XR B. Xr C. Y D. both B and C ___
43. If XB = normal vision and Xb = color blindness, what are the chances a color blind female will have color blind sons if shehas children with a man with normal vision?
A. 100% B. 50% C. 25% D. none
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44. What are the chances of a female, homozygous for normal vision, and a color blind male having color blind daughters?
A. 100% B. 50% C. 25% D. none ___
45. Carriers can also be described as _____.
A. homozygous recessive B. homozygous dominant C. heterozygous ___
47. There is a direct relationship between the frequency of crossing-over and the percentage of recombinant __________.
A. gametes B. phenotypes C. genotypes ___
48. The chromosomes can be mapped by determining the frequency of recombinant _____ that occurs due to the process ofcrossing over.
A. gametes B. phenotypes C. genotypes
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49. Drosophila chromosome II carries the gene for _____.
A. antennae type B. wing type C. leg length D. all of the above ___
50. If crossing over occurs between two linked alleles of interest, a dihybrid produces _____ type(s) of gamete(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four ___
51. When chromosomes are mapped by examining recombinant phenotypes, it is assumed that 1% of crossing over equals_____ map unit(s).
A. one B. two C. five D. ten
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52. When individuals heterozygous for two traits that have linked alleles are crossed the expected phenotypic ratio of theoffspring is _____.
A. 1:1:1:1 B. 1:1 C. 3:1 D. 9:3:3:1
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53. When a cross involving mutant genes b and e is done 3% recombinants are observed. When a cross involving mutantgenes t and e is done 22% recombinants are observed. When a cross involving mutant genes b and t is done 19%recombinants are observed. What is the correct order of the genes on the chromosome?
A. t, b, e B. b, t, e C. t, e, b
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55. It is estimated that __________ of all flowering plants are polyploids.
A. 21% B. 47% C. 68% D. 92%
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56. Triploids have _____ of each kind of chromosome.
A. one B. two C. three D. four
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57. Nondisjunction can occur during meiosis I if _____.
A. members of a homologous pair fail to separate B. the daughter chromosomes fail to separate and instead go into the same daughter cell C. both A and B
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59. When an individual has only one of a particular type of chromosome it's described as _____.
A. monosomy B. disomy C. trisomy D. tetrasomy
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62. Down syndrome is a _____.
A. monosomy B. disomy C. trisomy D. tetrasomy
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63. In humans, Turner syndrome _____.
A. is a monosomy B. involves the sex chromosomes C. results in a female D. all of the above ___
64. Nondisjunction can occur during _____.
A. anaphase I B. anaphase II C. both A and B ___
65. A trisomy occurs when an individual has three of _____.
A. a particular type of chromosome B. each kind of chromosome C. both A and B
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67. Polyploidy generally results from _____.
A. mutation B. hybridization C. nondisjunction
___
68. Which of the following is a polyploid?
A. wheat B. watermelons C. cotton D. all of the above ___
70. A(n) _____ is the movement of a segment of a chromosome from one chromosome to another nonhomologouschromosome.
A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. duplication
___
71. When a broken segment from one chromosome attaches to its homologue a(n) _____ occurs.
A. duplication B. deletion C. inversion D. both A and B ___
72. Which of the following may result in abnormal gametes and offspring?
A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. all of the above ___
75. Down syndrome that tends to run in the family of either the mother or father is the result of _____.
A. deletion B. inversion C. duplication D. translocation ___
76. Cri du chat syndrome is the result of a(n) _____.
A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. duplication ___
78. Chromosomes may be broken by _____.
A. viruses B. radiation C. certain organic chemicals D. all of the above ___
79. A(n) _____ occurs when a segment of chromosome is turned around 180o.
A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. duplication
___
