PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

1It is a structural system without complete vertical local carrying

space frame. (NSCP 208.20)Bearing wall system

2Is a component including its attachments having fundamental

period less than or equal to 0.06 sec. (NSCP 208.20)Rigid component

3Is a component including its attachments having fundamental

period greater than 0.60 sec. (NSCP 208.20)Flexible component

4Concrete filled driven piles of uniform section shall have a nominal

outside diameter of not less than (NSCP 307.7.3)200 mm

5

A complete record of test of materials and of concrete shall be

available for inspection during the progress of work and _______

years after completion of the project and shall be preserved by the

inspecting engineer or architect for that purpose, (NSCP 403.20)

2 years

6The minimum bend diameter for 10mm through 25mm bars

(NSCP 407.30)6 db

7The minimum bend diameter for 28mm through 36mm bars

(NSCP 407.30)8 db

8The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars in a layer must

be db but not less than? (NSCP 407.7.3)25mm

9

In spirally reinforced or tied reinforced compression members,

clear distance between longitudinal bars shall not be less than?

(NSCP 407.7.3)

1.50 db

10

In walls and slabs other than concrete joist construction, primary

flexural reinforcement shall not be spaced farther apart than 3 times

wall or slab thickness nor farther than? (NSCP 407.7.5)

450 mm

11

Groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in contact to act as

one unit shall be united to ___ pieces in one bundle. (NSCP

407.7.6.1)

4

12Bars larger than ___mm shall not be bundled in beams:

(NSCP 407.7.6.3)36 mm

13

Individual bars within a bundle terminated within the span of

flexural members shall terminate at different points with at least

____ stagger: (NSCP 407.7.6.4)

40 db

14Minimum concrete cover cast against and permanently exposed

to earth: (NSCP 407.8.1)75 mm

15The minimum clear concrete covering for cast in place slab:

(NSCP 407.8.1)20 mm

16In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for

flexure without axial loads: (NSCP 409.2.1)0.90'

17In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for

shear and torsion: (NSCP 409.4.2.3)0.85'

18The minimum one way slab thickness which is simply supported

at the ends only is: (NSCP 409.6.2)L / 20

19The minimum one way slab thickness for a ONE end continuous

slab is: (NSCP 409.6.2)L / 24

20The minimum one way slab thickness for a BOTH ends continuous

slab is: (NSCP 409.6.2)L / 28

21 The minimum cantilevered slab thickness is : (NSCP 409.6.2) L / 10

22Deep continuous flexural members has overall depth to clear

span ratio greater than: (NSCP 410.8.10)0.40'

23Deep simple span flexural members has overall depth to clear

span ratio greater than: (NSCP 307.4.2)0.75'

24Spacing of shear reinforcement placed perpendicular to axis of

non-prestressed member shall not exceed: (NSCP 411.6.4.1)d/2

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

25Development length Ld for deformed bars in tension shall be less

than: (NSCP 412.3.1)300 mm

26Is an essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or

eccentric type that is provided to resist lateral forces: (NCSP 208.1)Braced Frame

27Is a horizontal or nearly horizontal system activity to transmit

lateral forces to the vertical resisting elements:Diaphragm

28Is a frame in which members and joints are capable of resisting forces primarily by

flexure:Moment resisting frame

29In the determination of seismic dead load with a minimum of

________% of floor live load shall be applicable for storage and

warehouse occupancies. (NSCP 208.5.1.1)

25%

30The slope of cut surfaces shall be no steeper than _______%

slope. (NSCP 302.2.2)50%

31

Before commencing the excavation work, the person making the

excavation shall notify in writing the owner of the adjoining building

not less than _____days before such excavation is to be made. (NSCP

302.2.4)

10 days

32Fill slopes shall not be constructed on natural slopes steeper than

____% slope (NSCP 302.3.1)50%

33The minimum distance that the toe of fill slope made to the site

boundary line: (NSCP 302.4.3)0.60m

34The max. distance that the toe of fill slope made to the site

boundary: (NSCP 302.4.3)6.00 m

35

In using sand backfill in the annular space around column not

embedded in poured footings, the sand shall be thoroughly

compacted by tamping in layers not more than _____mm in depth?

(NSCP 305.7.3)

200 mm

36

In using a concrete backfill in the annular space around column

not embedded in poured footings, the concrete shall have ultimate

strength of ____Mpa at 28 days. (NSCP 305.7.3)

15 mpa

37

When grillage footings of structural steel shapes are used on

soils, they shall be completely embedded in concrete. Concrete cover

shall be at least _____mm on the bottom. (NSCP 305.8)

150 mm

38

Temporary open air portable bleachers may be supported upon

wood sills or steel plates placed directly upon the ground surface,

provided soil pressure does not exceed ____Kpa. (NSCP 305.9)

50 kpa

39

The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts when wood plates

or sill shall be bolted to foundation wall in zone 2 seismic area in the

Philippines. (NSCP 305.60)

12 mm

40

The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts when wood plates

or sill shall be bolted to foundation wall in zone 4 seismic area in the

Philippines. (NSCP 305.60)

16 mm

41

Individual pile caps and caissons of every structure subjected to

seismic forces shall be interconnected by ties. Such ties shall be

capable of resisting in tension or compression a minimum horizontal

force equal to _____% of the largest column vertical load. (NSCP

306.20)

10%

42Such piles into firm ground may be considered fixed and laterally

supported at _____M below the ground surface. (NSCP 306.20)1.50m

43Such piles into soft ground may be considered fixed and laterally

supported at _____M below the ground surface. (NSCP 306.20)3,0 m

44The maximum length of cast in place piles/bored piles shall be

_____times the average diameter of the pile. (NSCP 307.2.1)30 times

45Cast in place/bored piles shall have a specific compressive

strength Fc of not less than ______Mpa. (NSCP 307.2.1)17.50 mpa

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

46Pre-cast concrete piles shall have a specific compressive strength

Fc of not less than _____Mpa. (NSCP 304.7.1)20 mpa

47The maximum spacing of ties and spirals in a driven pre-cast

concrete pile center to center. (NSCP 307.5.1)75 mm

48Pre-cast pre-stressed concrete piles shall have a specified

compressive strength Fc of not less than ____Mpa.35 mpa

49The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles when used must be?

(NSCP 307.6.3)250 mm

50 Aviation control towers fall to what type of occupancy? Essential facilities

51Private garages, carports, sheds, agricultural buildings fall to

what type of occupancy?

Miscellaneous

occupancy

52Buildings used for college or adult education with a capacity of 500 or more students fall

to what type of occupancy?Special occupancy

53Buildings or structures therein housing and supporting toxic or

explosive chemicals or substances fall to what type of category?Hazardous facility

54The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with

live load only. (NSCP 107.2.2)L / 360

55The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with

dead load and live load only.L / 240

56Retaining walls shall be designed to resist sliding by at least

_______times the lateral force. (NSCP 206.6)2 times

57Retaining walls shall be designed to resist overturning by at least

______times the overturning moment. (NSCP 206.6)1. 5 times

58

As per NSCP 2001 sect. 206.9.3 vertical impact force for crane

load, if powered monorail cranes are considered, the max. wheel

load of the crane shall be increased by what percent to determine

the induced vertical impact? (NSCP 206.9.3)

25%

59

The lateral force on a crane runway beam with electrically

powered trolleys shall be calculated as ______% of the sum of the

rated capacity of the crane and the weight of the hoist and trolley.

(NSCP 206.9.4)

20%

60

The longitudinal forces on crane runway beams, except for bridge

cranes with hand geared bridges shall be calculated as _____% of the

max. wheel load of the crane. (NSCP 206.9.5)

10%

61

This is a secondary effect in shears and especially moments of

frame members induced by vertical loads acting on laterally

displaced building frame.

P-delta effect

62A storey whose strength is less than 80% of the strength of the

storey above is considered as __________.Weak Storey

63

Hospitals, Communication Centers, and others, which are

necessary for emergency post-earthquake operations, are classified

as ___________.

Essential Facilities

64

A horizontal or nearly horizontal system acting to transmit lateral

forces to the vertical resisting system including the horizontal bracing

system.

Diaphragm

65This is essentially a vertical truss system provided to resist lateral

forces of a building.Braced Frame

66

Constructing a high- rise building requires concrete that can easily

be pumped. What type of admixture in concrete the contractor will

provide which can reduce the requirement of mixing water and

produce a flowing concrete that does not segregate and needs very

little vibration

Plasticizer

67The records of test material and of concrete must be preserved

after the completion of the project for at least _________.2 years

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

68 What is the weight of 1 cu. m. of steel? 7850 Kg

69

A type of gunite mixed with an accelerating admixture with

aggregate larger than 10mm originally sprayed under high air

pressure of lining tunnels.

Shotcrete

70If a structure is judged under the condition either to be no

longer useful for its intended function or to unsafe, it has reached its

__________.

Limit state

71

A phenomenon of failure or damage that may result in sudden

and brittle fracture of a ductile material due to reversals of stresses

applied to a body repeatedly or a great number of times.

Metal Fatigue

72The load at which a perfectly straight member under compression

assumes a deflected position.Buckling load

73

It is a point within the structure at which a member

(beam/column) can rotate slightly to eliminate all bending moment

in the member at that point.

Hinge

74It is a beam type supported by a hinge/roller at one end and the

other end is projecting beyond a fixed support.Semi-continuous beam

75

15. Floors in office buildings and in other buildings where partition

locations are subject to change shall be designed to support in

addition to all other loads, a uniformly distributed load equal to

1000 pa

76The upward pressure against the bottom of the basement floor of

a structure or road slab caused by the presence of water.Uplift pressure

77

The particular type of pin-connected tension member of uniform

thickness with forged loop or head of greater width than the body,

with is proportioned to provide approximately equal strength both in

the head and the body.

Eyebar

78

A revetment consisting of rough stones of various sizes placed

compactly to protect the banks or bed of a river from the eroding

effects of the flowing water.

Riprap

79

A three-dimensional spatial structure made up of one or more curved slabs or folded

plateshose thicknesses are small compared to

their other dimensions.

Thin shell

80It refers to a piece or pair of diagonal braces to resist wind or

other horizontal forces on a building.Overturning moment

81It refers to a piece or pair of diagonal braces to resist wind or

other horizontal forces on a building.Sway brace

82

This is designed as special foundation for intense column loads

on a platform consisting usually of two layers of rolled steel joists,

one on top of other, at right angles.

Grillage foundation

83

Referring to any artificial method of strengthening the soil to

reduce its shrinkage and ensure that it will not move. Common

methods are mixing the soil with cement or compaction

Soil Stabilization

84

A pit dug in the basement floor during excavation made to

collect water into which a pump is placed the liquid to the sewer

pipe.

Sump pit

85It is a long, straight beam which by the inspection if two hinges

in alternate spans, functions essentially as a cantilever beam.Gerber beam

86An instrument which measures the actual displacement of the

ground with respect to a stationary point during an earthquake.Seismometer

87

The behavior of sandy soil to weaken its capacity to carry

imposed loads when subjected to vibration such as earthquake

particularly when water table saturates this layer.

Liquefaction

88It is a beam especially provided over an opening for a door or

window to carry the wall over opening.Lintel beam

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

89

For any given granular material, the steepest angle with

horizontal, a heaped soil surface will make in normal condition that

will not slide.

Angle of repose

90An open building is a structure having all walls at least _____%

open. (NSCP 207)80%

91Low rise buildings is an enclosed or partially enclosed with mean

roof height less than or equal to? (NSCP 207.20)18 m

92The wind load importance factor lw for essential facilities is

equal to? (NSCP 207.50)1.15

93The wind load importance factor for hazardous facilities is equal

to?1,15

94The wind load importance factor for standard occupancy

structures is equal to?1

95The wind load importance factor for miscellaneous structures is

equal to?0.87

96

Large city centers with at least 50% of the buildings having a height greater than 21M.

falls on what exposure category for wind

loading? (NSCP 207.5.3)

Exposure A

97Open terrain with scattered obstructions having heights less than

9M. Falls on what exposure category for wind loading?Exposure C

98

Flat unobstructed areas exposed to wind flowing over open water

for a distance of at least 2 km falls on what exposure category for

wind loading?

Exposure D

99

Urban and suburban areas, wooded areas or other terrain with

numerous closely spaced obstructions having the size of single family

dwelling or larger falls on what exposure category for wind loading?

Exposure B

100 Zone 1 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity of ____Kph? 250

101 Zone 2 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity of ____Kph? 200

102 Zone 3 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity of ____Kph? 125

103

In testing concrete laboratory cured specimens, no individual

strength test (average of 2 cylinders) falls below fc by more than

_______. (NSCP 405.7.3.3)

3.50 mpa

104

Spacing for a lateral support for a beam shall not exceed

_______times the least width b of compression flange or face.

(NSCP 410.5.10)

50 times

105

For a rectangular reinforced concrete compression member, it

shall be permitted to take the radius of gyration equal to

_______times the overall dimension of the direction of stability is

being considered. (NSCP 410.12.20)

0.30

106

For members whose design is based on compressive force, the

slenderness ratio kL/r preferably should not exceed ________?

(NSCP 502.8.1)

200

107For members whose design is based on tensile force, the

slenderness ratio L/r preferably should not exceed _________.300

108For pin connected members, the allowable stress on the net area

of the pinhole for pin connected members is _________.0.45 fy

109Other than pin connected members, the allowable tensile stress

shall not exceed _______ on the gross area. (NSCP 504.2.1)0.60 fy

110

For pin connected plates, the minimum net area beyond the

pinhole parallel to the axis of the member shall not be less than

_______of the net area across the pinhole. (NSCP 504.4.2.1)

2/3.

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

111

For pin connected members in which the pin is expected to

provide for relative movement between connected parts while under

full load, the diameter of the pinhole shall not be more than

______mm greater than the diameter of the pin. (NSCP 504.4.2.3)

0.80mm

112

The maximum longitudinal spacing of bolts, nuts and intermittent

welds correctly two rolled shapes in contact for a built up section

shall not exceed ________. (NSCP 505.5.4)

600 mm.

113The ratio L/r for lacing bars arranged in single system shall not

exceed ________. (NSCP 505.5.80)140 mm

114The ratio L/r for lacing bars arranged in double system shall not

exceed ________.200 mm

115

For members bent about their strong or weak axes, members

with compact sections where the flanges continuously connected to

web the allowable bending stress is _________. (NSCP 506.4.1.1)

.66 fy

116

For box type and tabular textural members that meet the non

compact section requirements of section 502.6, the allowable

bending stress is ________. (NSCP 506.4.1.1)

.60 fy

117Bolts and rivets connecting stiffness to the girder web shall be

spaced not more than ______mm on centers. (NSCP 507.5.3)300 mm

118

Ira composite beam section, the actual section modulus of the

transformed composite section shall be used in calculating the

concrete flexural compressed stress and for construction without

temporary shores, this stress shall be based upon loading applied

after the concrete has reached _____% of its required strength.

75%

119Shear connectors shall have at least ________mm of lateral

concrete covering. (NSCP 509.5.8)25 mm

120The minimum center to center spacing of stud connectors along

the longitudinal axis of supporting composite beam is ____________.6 d of connector

121The maximum center to center spacing of stud connectors along

the longitudinal axis of supporting composite beam is ____________.8 d of connector

122

Connections carrying calculated stresses, except for lacing, sag

bars and girts, shall be designed to support not less than ________Kn

of force. (NSCP 510.10.61)

26.70 kn

123

The connections at ends of tension or compression members in

trusses shall develop the force due to the design load, but no less

than _______% at the effective strength of the member unless a

smaller percentage is justified by engineering analysis that considers

other factors including handling, shipping and erection.

(NSCP 510.2.5.1)

50%

124

When formed steel decking is a part of the composite beam, the

spacing of stud shear connector along the length of the supporting

beam or girder shall not exceed _______mm. (NSCP 509.6.1.2)

900 mm

125The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with thickness greater

than 20mm is ________. (NSCP 510.3.3.2)8mm

126The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with thickness 6mm is

________? (NSCP 510.3.3.2)3mm

127The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with thickness over

12mm to 20mm is ________? (NSCP 510.3.3.2)6mm

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

128

A property of a material that enables it to undergo

plastic deformation after being stressed beyond the

elastic limit and before rupturing._____________is a

desirable property of structural material since plastic

material since plastic behavior is an indicator of

reserve strength and can serve as a visual warning of

impending failure.

ductility

129

In structural design ________________is considered

as wide shallow rectangular beam. The reinforcing

steel is usually spaced uniformly over its width. The

flexural reinforcement of a one way slab extends in

one direction only.

one way slab

130

It is an external shear force at a cross section of a

beam or other member subject to bending. Equal to

the algebraic sum of transverse forces on one side of

the section.

transverse shear

131

The structural term which critical point at which a

column carrying its critical buckling load, may either

buckle or remain undeflected. The column is

therefore in the state of neutral equilibrium.

bifurcation

132

In concrete protection for reinforcement

___________mm is the standard minimum thickness

for concrete covering not exposed to weather or in

contact with ground, such as slabs walls and joists.

20mm

133

An instrument for measuring minute deformation in

a test specimen caused by tension, compression,

bending or twisting. It is also called EXTENSOMETER.

stain gauge

134For structural properties of A36 steel the maximum

allowable stress (Fb) for bending is.24 ksi

135

It is a part of a beam that is thickened or deepened

to develop greater moment resistance.

The efficiency of a beam can be increased by shaping

its length in response to the moment and shear

values which typically vary along its longitudinal axis.

haunch

136 What is the meaning of PERT-CPM?

Program Evaluation

Review Technique-

Critical

Path Method

137

They maybe categorized as building or non building.

It is an assembleage designed to support gravity

loads and resist lateral forces.

structure

138

It is a vertical pipe, often sheet metal, used to

conduct water from a roof drain or gutter to the

ground. It is another term for down spout,

rainwater leader

139

The area where water is pumped from within to

permit free access to the area. A temporary

watertight enclosure around an area of water or

water bearing soil, in which construction is to take

place, bearing on a stable statum at or above the

foundation level of new construction.

coffer dam

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

140A membrane structure that is placed in tension and

stabilized by the pressure of compresses air.net structure

141

A steel beam fabricated by the dividing the web of a

wide flange section with a lengthwise section zigzag

cut, then welding both halves together at the peaks,

thus increasing its depth without increasing its

weight.

castellated beam

142

A structure of cables suspended and pre-stressed

between compression members to directly support

applied loads.

suspension structure

143One pair of vertical angles fastened to each side of

web plate to solidify it against buckling.stiffener

144

Integral part of a beam that forms a flat, rigid

connection between two broader, parallel parts, as

the flanges of the structural shape.

web

145A high tension bolt having splined and twists off

when required torque has been reached.tension control bolt

146

The oscillating, reciprocating or other periodic

motion of an elastic body or medium when forced

from a position or state of equilibrium.

Vibration

147Is a horizontal structural member in a timber-framed wall. resist lateral loads from wind

and support wall cladding

materials.

Girt

148 A brace fitted into a frame work to resist force in the direction of its length. Struts

149

Is a structural element which divides adjacent window units, may also vertically divide

double doors, acts as a

structural member, and it carries the dead load of the weight above the opening and the

wind load acting on the

window unit back to the building structure. The term is also properly applied to very large

and deep structural

members in many curtain wall systems.

Mullion

150

Is a quantity expressing the two-dimensional size of a defined part of a surface, typically

a region bounded by a

closed curve.

Area

151

The stress at which material strain changes from elastic deformation to plastic

deformation, causing it to deform

permanently.

Yield strength

152

In engineering mechanics, (also known as flexure) characterizes the behavior of a

structural element subjected to an

external load applied perpendicular to the axis of the element.

Bending

153

Is a statue, building, or other edifice created to commemorate a person or important

event. They are frequently used

to improve the appearance of a city or location.

Monument

154

A loads are weights of material, equipment or components that are relatively constant

throughout the structure's

life.

Dead Load

155

Are analytical tools used in conjunction with structural analysis to help perform structural

design by determining the value of shear force and bending moment at a given point of

an element.

Shear and bending

moment diagram

156Minimum concrete cover cast against and permanently exposed to earth: (NSCP

407.8.1)75mm

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

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ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

157Is an essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or eccentric type that is provided

to resist lateral forces: (NCSP 208.1)Braced frame

158 A wall (bearing or non-bearing) designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the wall Shear

159

In using a concrete backfill in the annular space around column not embedded in poured

footings, the concrete shall

have ultimate strength of ____Mpa at 28 days. (NSCP 305.7.3)

15 mpa

160 Standard concrete mix for beams, girders, slabs, stairs and columns is ( Class "A"

161

In engineering, buckling -is a failure mode characterized by a sudden failure of a

structural member subjected to high

compressive stresses, where the actual compressive stress at the point of failure is less

than the ultimate

compressive stresses that the material is capable of withstanding. This mode of failure is

also described as failure due

to elastic instability.

Buckling

162What is known as the deformation in which parallel planes slide relative to each other so

as to remain parallel?Shear

163 periodic reversal of stresses fatigue

164 elongation of material subject to axial force strain

165 deformation that accompanies bending of a beam deflection

166 A column that is subjected to both direct axial stress and bending stress is known as? eccentrically loaded

167concrete column whose load capacity must be reduced, according

to code requirements, because of its slendernesslong column

168 projected beyond it supports cantilevered

169 state of a body in which the forces acting on it are equally balanced equillibrium

170What is known as an imaginary line in a beam, shaft, or other bending, where there is no

tension nor compression and where no deformation takes place?neutral axis

171 Unit stress in a bar just before it breaks is called? ultimate strength

172 bending magnitude wherever the shear passes through zero maximum moment

173 the product of the force and lever arms which tends to twist the body Torque

174 unit stress at which deformation increases without any increase in

the loadyield point

175tendency of one part of a beam to move vertically with respect to

an adjacent partvertical shear

176in the design of structures, the maximum unit stress permitted

under working loads by codes and specificationsworking stress

177 It is the tendency of a force to cause rotation about a given point or axis. moment

178 state of rest or motion inertia

179ratio of the force applied to a structure to the corresponding

displacementstiffness

180It is a method of concrete building construction in which floor (and roof) slabs are cast

usually at ground level and then raised into position by jacking.lift slab

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

181 concrete floor system which has no beam flatslab

1It is a structural system without complete vertical local carrying space frame. (NSCP

208.20)Bearing wall system

2Is a component including its attachments having fundamental period less than or equal

to 0.06 sec. (NSCP 208.20)Rigid component

3Is a component including its attachments having fundamental period greater than 0.60

sec. (NSCP 208.20)Flexible Component

4Concrete filled driven piles of uniform section shall have a nominal outside diameter of

not less than (NSCP 307.7.3)200 mm

5

A complete record of test of materials and of concrete shall be available for inspection

during the progress of work and _______ years after completion of the project and shall

be preserved by the inspecting engineer or architect for that purpose, (NSCP 403.20)

2 years

6 The minimum bend diameter for 10mm through 25mm bars (NSCP 407.30) 6 db

7 The minimum bend diameter for 28mm through 36mm bars (NSCP 407.30) 8 db

8In spirally reinforced or tied reinforced compression members, clear distance between

longitudinal bars shall not be less than? (NSCP 407.7.3) 1.50 db

9

In walls and slabs other than concrete joist construction, primary flexural reinforcement

shall not be spaced farther apart than 3 times wall or slab thickness nor farther than?

(NSCP 407.7.5)

450 mm

10Groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in contact to act as one unit shall be united to

___ pieces in one bundle. (NSCP 407.7.6.1)4 pcs

11 Bars larger than ___mm shall not be bundled in beams: (NSCP 407.7.6.3) 36mm

12Individual bars within a bundle terminated within the span of flexural members shall

terminate at different points with at least ____ stagger: (NSCP 407.7.6.4)40 db

13Minimum concrete cover cast against and permanently exposed to earth: (NSCP

407.8.1)75 mm

14 The minimum clear concrete covering for cast in place slab: (NSCP 407.8.1) 20 mm

15In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for flexure without axial loads:

(NSCP 409.2.1)0.9

16In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for shear and torsion: (NSCP

409.4.2.3)0.85

17The minimum one way slab thickness which is simply supported at the ends only is:

(NSCP 409.6.2)L / 20

18 The minimum one way slab thickness for a ONE end continuous slab is: (NSCP 409.6.2) L / 24

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STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

19The minimum one way slab thickness for a BOTH ends continuous slab is: (NSCP

409.6.2)L / 28

20 The minimum cantilevered slab thickness is : (NSCP 409.6.2) L / 10

21Deep continuous flexural members has overall depth to clear span ratio greater than:

(NSCP 410.8.10)0.4

22Deep simple span flexural members has overall depth to clear span ratio greater than:

(NSCP 307.4.2)0.75

23Spacing of shear reinforcement placed perpendicular to axis of non-prestressed member

shall not exceed: (NSCP 411.6.4.1)d/2

24 Development length Ld for deformed bars in tension shall be less than: (NSCP 412.3.1) 300 mm

25Is an essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or eccentric type that is provided

to resist lateral forces: (NCSP 208.1)Braced Frame

26Is a horizontal or nearly horizontal system activity to transmit lateral forces to the vertical

resisting elements:Diaphragm

27Is a frame in which members and joints are capable of resisting forces primarily by

flexure:

Moment Resisting

Frame

28In the determination of seismic dead load with a minimum of ________% of floor live

load shall be applicable for storage and warehouse occupancies. (NSCP 208.5.1.1)25%

29 The slope of cut surfaces shall be no steeper than _______% slope. (NSCP 302.2.2) 50%

30

Before commencing the excavation work, the person making the excavation shall notify

in writing the owner of the adjoining building not less than _____days before such

excavation is to be made. (NSCP 302.2.4)

10 days

31Fill slopes shall not be constructed on natural slopes steeper than ____% slope (NSCP

302.3.1)50%

32The minimum distance that the toe of fill slope made to the site boundary line: (NSCP

302.4.3).60 m

33 The max. distance that the toe of fill slope made to the site boundary: (NSCP 302.4.3) 6 m.

34In using sand backfill in the annular space around column not embedded in poured

footings, the sand shall be thoroughly compacted by tamping in layers not more than

_____mm in depth? (NSCP 305.7.3)

200 mm

35

In using a concrete backfill in the annular space around column not embedded in poured

footings, the concrete shall have ultimate strength of ____Mpa at 28 days. (NSCP

305.7.3)

15 mpa

36

When grillage footings of structural steel shapes are used on soils, they shall be

completely embedded in concrete. Concrete cover shall be at least _____mm on the

bottom. (NSCP 305.8)

150 mm

37

Temporary open air portable bleachers may be supported upon wood sills or steel plates

placed directly upon the ground surface, provided soil pressure does not exceed

____Kpa. (NSCP 305.9)

50 kpa

38The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts when wood plates or sill shall be bolted to

foundation wall in zone 2 seismic area in the Philippines. (NSCP 305.60)12 mm

39The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts when wood plates or sill shall be bolted to

foundation wall in zone 4 seismic area in the Philippines. (NSCP 305.60)16 mm

11/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

40

Individual pile caps and caissons of every structure subjected to seismic forces shall be

interconnected by ties. Such ties shall be capable of resisting in tension or compression

a minimum horizontal force equal to _____% of the largest column vertical load. (NSCP

306.20)

10%

41Such piles into firm ground may be considered fixed and laterally supported at _____M

below the ground surface. (NSCP 306.20)1.50 m.

42Such piles into soft ground may be considered fixed and laterally supported at _____M

below the ground surface. (NSCP 306.20)3.0 m

43The maximum length of cast in place piles/bored piles shall be _____times the average

diameter of the pile. (NSCP 307.2.130 times

44Cast in place/bored piles shall have a specific compressive strength Fc of not less than

______Mpa. (NSCP 307.2.1)17.50 mpa

45Pre-cast concrete piles shall have a specific compressive strength Fc of not less than

_____Mpa. (NSCP 304.7.1)20 mpa

46The maximum spacing of ties and spirals in a driven pre-cast concrete pile center to

center. (NSCP 307.5.1)75 mm

47Pre-cast pre-stressed concrete piles shall have a specified compressive strength Fc of

not less than ____Mpa. (NSCP 307.5.1)35 mpa

48 The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles when used must be? (NSCP 307.6.3) 250 mm

49 Aviation control towers fall to what type of occupancy? Essential facilities

50 Private garages, carports, sheds, agricultural buildings fall to what type of occupancy? Misc. Occupancy

51Buildings used for college or adult education with a capacity of 500 or more students fall

to what type of occupancy?Special Occupancy

52Buildings or structures therein housing and supporting toxic or explosive chemicals or

substances fall to what type of category?Hazardous Facility

53The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with live load only. (NSCP

107.2.2)L / 360

54The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with dead load and live load

only. (NSCP 104.2.2)L / 240

55Retaining walls shall be designed to resist sliding by at least _______times the lateral

force. (NSCP 206.6)2 times

56Retaining walls shall be designed to resist overturning by at least ______times the

overturning moment. (NSCP 206.6)1.5 times

57

As per NSCP 2001 sect. 206.9.3 vertical impact force for crane load, if powered monorail

cranes are considered, the max. wheel load of the crane shall be increased by what

percent to determine the induced vertical impact? (NSCP 206.9.3)

25%

58

The lateral force on a crane runway beam with electrically powered trolleys shall be

calculated as ______% of the sum of the rated capacity of the crane and the weight of

the hoist and trolley. (NSCP 206.9.4)

20%

59

The longitudinal forces on crane runway beams, except for bridge cranes with hand

geared bridges shall be calculated as _____% of the max. wheel load of the crane.

(NSCP 206.9.5

10%

60 An open building is a structure having all walls at least _____% open. (NSCP 207) 80%

61Low rise buildings is an enclosed or partially enclosed with mean roof height less than or

equal to? (NSCP 207.20)18 m

12/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

62 The wind load importance factor lw for essential facilities is equal to? (NSCP 207.50) 1.15

63 The wind load importance factor for hazardous facilities is equal to? 1.15

64 The wind load importance factor for standard occupancy structures is equal to? 1

65 The wind load importance factor for miscellaneous structures is equal to? 0.87

66Large city centers with at least 50% of the buildings having a height greater than 21M.

falls on what exposure category for wind loading? (NSCP 207.5.3)Exposure A

67Open terrain with scattered obstructions having heights less than 9M. Falls on what

exposure category for wind loading?Exposure C

68Flat unobstructed areas exposed to wind flowing over open water for a distance of at

least 2 km falls on what exposure category for wind loading?Exposure D

69

Urban and suburban areas, wooded areas or other terrain with numerous closely spaced

obstructions having the size of single family dwelling or larger falls on what exposure

category for wind loading?

Exposure B

70 Zone 1 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity of ____Kph? 250 kph

71 Zone 2 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity of ____Kph? 200 kph

72 Zone 3 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity of ____Kph? 125 kph

73In testing concrete laboratory cured specimens, no individual strength test (average of 2

cylinders) falls below fc by more than _______. (NSCP 405.7.3.3)3.50 mpa

74Spacing for a lateral support for a beam shall not exceed _______times the least width b

of compression flange or face. (NSCP 410.5.10)50 times

75

For a rectangular reinforced concrete compression member, it shall be permitted to take

the radius of gyration equal to _______times the overall dimension of the direction of

stability is being considered. (NSCP 410.12.20

0.3

76For members whose design is based on compressive force, the slenderness ratio kL/r

preferably should not exceed ________?200

77For members whose design is based on tensile force, the slenderness ratio L/r

preferably should not exceed _________.300

78For pin connected members, the allowable stress on the net area of the pinhole for pin

connected members is _________. (NSCP 504.4.1.1).45 fy

79Other than pin connected members, the allowable tensile stress shall not exceed

_______ on the gross area. (NSCP 504.2.1)0.60 fy

80

For pin connected plates, the minimum net area beyond the pinhole parallel to the axis of

the member shall not be less than _______of the net area across the pinhole. (NSCP

504.4.2.1)

2/3

13/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

81

For pin connected members in which the pin is expected to provide for relative

movement between connected parts while under full load, the diameter of the pinhole

shall not be more than ______mm greater than the diameter of the pin. (NSCP

504.4.2.3)

0.80mm

82

The maximum longitudinal spacing of bolts, nuts and intermittent welds correctly two

rolled shapes in contact for a built up section shall not exceed ________. (NSCP

505.5.4)

600 mm

83The ratio L/r for lacing bars arranged in single system shall not exceed ________.

(NSCP 505.5.80)140 mm

84 The ratio L/r for lacing bars arranged in double system shall not exceed ________. 200 mm

85

For members bent about their strong or weak axes, members with compact sections

where the flanges continuously connected to web the allowable bending stress is

_________. (NSCP 506.4.1.1)

.66 fy

86

For box type and tabular textural members that meet the non compact section

requirements of section 502.6, the allowable bending stress is ________. (NSCP

506.4.1.1)

.60 fy

87Bolts and rivets connecting stiffness to the girder web shall be spaced not more than

______mm on centers. (NSCP 507.5.3)300 mm

88

Ira composite beam section, the actual section modulus of the transformed composite

section shall be used in calculating the concrete flexural compressed stress and for

construction without temporary shores, this stress shall be based upon loading applied

after the concrete has reached _____% of its required strength

75%

89Shear connectors shall have at least ________mm of lateral concrete covering. (NSCP

509.5.8)25 mm

90The minimum center to center spacing of stud connectors along the longitudinal axis of

supporting composite beam is ____________.6 dia. Of connector

91The maximum center to center spacing of stud connectors along the longitudinal axis of

supporting composite beam is ____________. (NSCP 509.5.8)8 dia. Of connector

92Connections carrying calculated stresses, except for lacing, sag bars and girts, shall be

designed to support not less than ________Kn of force. (NSCP 510.10.61)26.7

93

The connections at ends of tension or compression members in trusses shall develop

the force due to the design load, but no less than _______% at the effective strength of

the member unless a smaller percentage is justified by engineering analysis that

considers other factors including handling, shipping and erection. (NSCP 510.2.5.1)

50

94

When formed steel decking is a part of the composite beam, the spacing of stud shear

connector along the length of the supporting beam or girder shall not exceed

_______mm. (NSCP 509.6.1.2)

900

95The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with thickness greater than 20mm is

________. (NSCP 510.3.3.2)8 mm

14/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

96The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with thickness 6mm is ________? (NSCP

510.3.3.2)3 mm

97The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with thickness over 12mm to 20mm is

________? (NSCP 510.3.3.2)6 mm

98This is a secondary effect in shears and especially moments of frame members induced

by vertical loads acting on laterally displaced building frame.P- Delta Effect

99A storey whose strength is less than 80% of the strength of the storey above is

considered as __________.Weak Storey

100Hospitals, Communication Centers, and others, which are necessary for emergency post-

earthquake operations, are classified as ___________.Essential facilities

101A horizontal or nearly horizontal system acting to transmit lateral forces to the vertical

resisting system including the horizontal bracing system.Diaphragm

102 This is essentially a vertical truss system provided to resist lateral forces of a building. Braced Frame

103

Constructing a high- rise building requires concrete that can easily be pumped. What

type of admixture in concrete the contractor will provide which can reduce the

requirement of mixing water and produce a flowing concrete that does not segregate and

needs very little vibration

Plasticizer

104The records of test material and of concrete must be preserved after the completion of

the project for at least 2 years

105 What is the weight of 1 cu. m. of steel? 7850 kg.

106A type of gunite mixed with an accelerating admixture with aggregate larger than 10mm

originally sprayed under high air pressure of lining tunnelsShotcrete

107

If a structure is judged under the condition either to be no longer useful for its intended

function or to unsafe, it has reached its __________. Limit State

108

A phenomenon of failure or damage that may result in sudden and brittle fracture of a

ductile material due to reversals of stresses applied to a body repeatedly or a great

number of times.Metal Fatigue

109

??? act parallel to each other (offset to each other, a distance d apart), of the same

magnitude but ??? Couple

110The load at which a perfectly straight member under compression assumes a deflected

position.Buckling Load

111

It is a point within the structure at which a member (beam/column) can rotate slightly to

eliminate all bending moment in the member at that point. Hinge

112It is a beam type supported by a hinge/roller at one end and the other end is projecting

beyond a fixed support. Semi-Continous Beam

15/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

113

Floors in office buildings and in other buildings where partition locations are subject to

change shall be designed to support in addition to all other loads, a uniformly distributed

load equal to

1000 pa

114The upward pressure against the bottom of the basement floor of a structure or road slab

caused by the presence of water. Uplift Pressure

115

The particular type of pin-connected tension member of uniform thickness with forged

loop or head of greater width than the body, with is proportioned to provide

approximately equal strength both in the head and the body.Eyebar

116

A revetment consisting of rough stones of various sizes placed compactly to protect the

banks or bed of a river from the eroding effects of the flowing water. Riparap

117

A three-dimensional spatial structure made up of one or more curved slabs or folded

plateshose thicknesses are small compared to their other dimensions. Thin Shell

118It refers to a piece or pair of diagonal braces to resist wind or other horizontal forces on a

building.Overturning Moment

119It refers to a piece or pair of diagonal braces to resist wind or other horizontal forces on a

buildingSway Brace

120

This is designed as special foundation for intense column loads on a platform consisting

usually of two layers of rolled steel joists, one on top of other, at right angles. Grillage Foundation

121

Referring to any artificial method of strengthening the soil to reduce its shrinkage and

ensure that it will not move. Common methods are mixing the soil with cement or

compactionSoil Stabilization

122A pit dug in the basement floor during excavation made to collect water into which a

pump is placed the liquid to the sewer pipe. Sump Pit

123An instrument which measures the actual displacement of the ground with respect to a

stationary point during an earthquakeSeismometer

124

The behavior of sandy soil to weaken its capacity to carry imposed loads when subjected

to vibration such as earthquake particularly when water table saturates this layer. Liquefaction

125It is a beam especially provided over an opening for a door or window to carry the wall

over opening.Lintel Beam

126For any given granular material, the steepest angle with horizontal, a heaped soil surface

will make in normal condition that will not slideAngle of Repose

127It is a long, straight beam which by the inspection if two hinges in alternate spans,

functions essentially as a cantilever beam.Gerber Beam

1281. One of the constituent parts into which a structure may be resolved by analysis,

having a unitary character and exhibiting a unique behavior under an applied load.Structural member

129A major spatial division, usually one of a series, marked or partitioned off by the principal

vertical supports of a structure. Bay

130 Of a pertaining to a structure or structural member having a load-carrying mechanism

that acts in one direction only.One way

131

Any condition, as fracturing, buckling, or plastic deformation, that renders a structural

assembly, element, or joint incapable of sustaining the load-carrying function for which it

was designed.

Structural failure

132A point, surface, or mass that supports weight, esp. the area of contact between a

bearing member, as a beam or truss, and a column, wall, or other underlying support.Bearing

16/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

133 A structural member essential to the stability of a structural whole. Primary Member

134 The load on a structural element or member collected from its tributary area. Tributary Load

135A means for binding a structural member to another or to its foundation, often to resist

uplifting and horizontal forces.Anchorage

136A slender rod driven through holes in adjacent parts to keep the parts together or to

permit them to move in one plane relative to each other. Pin

137A structural support that allows rotation but resist translation in a direction perpendicular

into or away from its face.Roller Support

138 A wall of treated timber, masonry or concrete for holding in place a mass of earth. Retaining Wall

139 A wall supporting no load other than its own weight. Non bearing Wall

140A finish or protective cap or course to an exterior wall, usually sloped or curved to shed

water.Coping

141 A foundation wall that encloses a usable area under the building. Basement Wall

142 Any wall within a building, entirely surrounded by exterior wall. Interior Wall

143 A beam supporting the weight above a door or window opening. Lintel

144A retaining wall of reinforce concrete or reinforce concrete masonry, cantilevered from

and securely tied to a spread footing that is shaped to resist overturning and sliding.Cantilever wall

145A galvanize wire basket filled with stones and used in constructing an abutment or

retaining structure.Gabion

146 Yard lumber 5 or more in the least dimension. Timbers

147Softwood lumber intended for general building purpose, including boards, dimension

lumber, and timber.Yard Lumber

148 A check that extends completely through a board or wood veneer. Split

149 The presence of bark or absence of wood at a corner or along an edge of a piece. Wane

150

A vertical laminated wood beam made by fastening together 2 or more smaller members

with bolts, lag screws, or spikes, equal in strength to the sum of the strengths of the

individual pieces if none of the laminations are spliced.

Built up Beam

151A building material made of wood or other plant fibers compressed with a binder into

rigid sheets.Fiber board

152A pitched truss having tension members extending from the foot of each top chord to an

intermediate point of the opposite top chord.Scissors Truss

153 Yard lumber less than 2 thick and 2 or more wide. Boards

154 A plate for uniting structural members meeting in a single plane. Gusset

155A structural frame based on the geometric rigidity of the triangle and composed of linear

members subject only to axial tension or compression.Truss

17/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

156A joint that physically separates two adjacent building masses so that free vibratory

movement in each can occur independently of the other.Seismic Joint

157The ability of a structure, when disturbed from a condition of equilibrium by an applied

load, to developed internal forces or moments that restore the original condition.Stability

158A cable anchorage that allows rotation but resists translation only in the direction of the

cable. Cable Support

159 Yard lumber from 2 4 thick and 2 or more wide. Dimension Lumber

160The potential high-shearing stress developed by the reactive force of a column on a

reinforce slab.Punching Shear

161 A butt splice made by arc-welding the butted ends of two reinforcing bars. Welded Splice

162Any of the U-shaped or closed-loop bars placed perpendicular to the longitudinal

reinforcement of a concrete beam to resist the vertical component of diagonal tension.Stirrup

163 The integral system of members connecting the upper and lower chords of a truss. Web

164An imaginary line passing through the centroid of the cross section of a beam or other

member subject to bending, along which no bending stress occur.Neutral axis

165

The perpendicular distance a spanning member deviated from true course under

transverse loading, increasing with load and span, and decreasing with an increasing in

the moment of inertia of the section or the modulus of elasticity of the material.

Deflection

166 The extent of space between two supports of a structure. Span

167 A projecting beam supported at only one fixed end. Cantilever Beam

168The buckling of a structural member induced by compressive stresses acting on a

slender portion insufficiently rigid in the lateral direction.Lateral Buckling

169A graphical representation of the variation in magnitude of the bending moments present

in a structure for given set of transverse loads and support conditions. Moment Diagram

170A beam resting on a simple supports at both ends, which are free to rotate and have no

moment resistance.Simple Beam

171

A point at which a structure changes curvature from convex to concave or vice versa as

it deflects under a transverse load: theoretically an internal hinge and therefore a point of

zero moment.

Inflection Point

172A slight convex curvature intentionally built into a beam, girder, or truss to compensate

for an anticipated deflection.Camber

173 The center-to-center distance between the supports of a span. Effective Span

174A rigid structural member designed to carry and transfer transverse loads across space

supporting elements.Beam

175An upright, relatively slender shaft or structure, usually of brick or stone, used as a

building support or standing alone as a monument.Pillar

18/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

176

The lowest division of a building or other construction, partly or wholly below the surface

of the ground, designed to support and anchor the superstructure and transmit its load

directly to the earth.

Foundation

177A long slender column of wood, steel, or reinforced concrete, driven or hammered

vertically into the earth to form part of a foundation system.Pile

178The part of foundation bearing directly upon the supporting soil, set below the frostline

and enlarged to distribute its load over a greater area.Footing

179A continuous or strip footing that changes levels in stages to accommodate a sloping site

or bearing stratum.Stepped Footing

180A graphical representation of the variation in magnitude of the external shears present in

a structure for a given set of transverse load and support conditionsShear Diagram

181A thick, slablike footing or reinforced concrete supporting a number of columns or an

entire building. Mat

182The actual pressure developed between a footing and the supporting soil mass, equal to

the quotient of the magnitude of the forces transmitted and the area of contact.Soil Pressure

183The gradual reduction in the volume of a soil mass resulting from the application of a

sustained load and an increase in compressive stress. Consolidation

184A reinforced concrete beam distributing the horizontal forces from an eccentrically load

pile cap or spread footing to other pile caps or footings.Tie Beam

185A foundation system that extends down through unsuitable soil to transfer building loads

to a more appropriate bearing stratum well below the superstructure.Deep Foundation

186One of several piles or post for supporting a structure above the surface of land and

water.Stilt

187 A load extending over the length or area of the supporting structural element. Distributed Load

188 The forces exerted on a structure by an earthquake. Earthquake Load

189 A load acting on a very small area or particular point of a supporting structural element. Concentrated Load

190A reinforced concrete slab or mat joining the heads of a cluster of piles to distribute the

load from a column or grade beam equally among piles.Pile Cap

191 The moment of a force system that causes or tends to cause rotation. Torque

192A load applied slowly to a structure until it reaches its peak value without fluctuating

rapidly in magnitude or position. Static Load

193A wall occurring below the floor nearest grade designed to support and anchors the

superstructure.Foundation Wall

194 An applied force producing or tending to produce shear in a body. Shear Force

195The twisting of an elastic body about its longitudinal axis caused by two equal and

opposite torques, producing shearing stresses in the body.Torsion

196The maximum tensile, compressive, or shearing stress a material can be expected to

bear without rupturing or fracturing.Ultimate Strength

19/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

197 Length required for 180 deg Hook. 4d

198 Curing temperature for concrete. 22.8 deg. C

199 Who decides if Footing on Piles is needed for a building? Soil Mechanics

200 Minimum effective depth of pile cap? 300 mm

201 Minimum controudment of pile on pile cap? 100 mm

202 The following are how to determine the spacing of a tie bar of a column?16d (rebar) , 48d (tiebar), least

dim. Of a column

203 Minimum concrete cover of a column exposed in air / atmosphere. 40 mm

204 Minimum concrete cover of column pedestal exposed in underground soil. 70 mm

205 Length required for 90 deg hook. 12 d

206 ACI code: Minimum column dimension. 200 mm

207 Induce cracking at preselected location. Control Joints

208The stress beyond which a marked increase in strain occurs in a material without a

concurrent increase in stress.Yield Point

209A joint between 2 parts of a building or structure permitting thermal or moisture

expansion to occur without damage to either part.Expansion Joint

210The breaking of a material resulting from the rupturing of its atomic bonds when stressed

beyond its ultimate strength.Fracture

211The act of shortening or state of being pushed together, resulting in a reduction in size or

volume of an elastic body.Compression

212 Length required for 135 deg hook 6 d

213 The deformation of a body under the action of an applied force. Strain

214Allow movement between slab and fixed parts of the building such as columns, walls,

and machinery bases.Isolation Joints

215The resistance of a material to longitudinal stress, measure by the minimum amount of

longitudinal stress required to rupture the material.Tensile Strength

216The axial stress that develops at the cross section of an elastic body to resist the

collinear compressive forces tending to shorten it.Compressive Stress

217The property of a material that enables it to retain its appearance and integrity when

exposed to the effects of sun, wind, moisture, and changes in temperature.Weatherability

218A joint between two successive placement of concrete, often keyed or doweled to

provide lateral stability across the joint.Construction Joint

219 The elongation of a unit length of material produced by a tensile stress. Tensile Strain

220An internal force tangential to the surface on which it acts, developed by a body in

response to a shear force. Shearing Force

221 A high-strength steel strand or bar for prestressing concrete. Tendons

222A structural steel column thoroughly encased in concrete reinforced with both vertical

and spiral reinforcement.Composite Column

20/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

223Any of the longitudinal bars serving as tension reinforcement in the section of a concrete

beam or slab subjected to a negative movement.Top Bar

224The depth of a concrete section measured from the compression face to the centroid of

the tension reinforcement.Effective Depth

225A concrete section in which the tension reinforcement reaches its specified yield strength

before the concrete in compression reaches its assumed ultimate strain.

Under reinforced

Section

226Minimum number of stories recommended to be provided with at least 3 approved

recording accelerographs14

227 Maintenance and service of accelorographs shall be provided by the Owner

228Who shall be responsible for keeping the actual live load below the allowable limits and

shall be liable for any failure on the structure due to overloading

Occupant of the

Building

229The period of continuous application of a given load or the aggregate of periods of

intermittent application of the same loadLoad Duration

230Minimum area in square meters a member supports which the design live load may be

reduced14 sq.m.

231Minimum height of any wall requiring structural design to resist loads onto which they are

subjected1.50m

232Maximum deflection of a brittle finished wall subjected to a load of 250 Pascal applied.

Perpendicular to said wall1/240 wall span

233Maximum deflection of flexible finished wall subjected to a load of 250 Pascal applied

perpendicular to said wall1/120 wall span

234 Maximum floor area for a low-cost housing unit 60 m2

235The level at which the earthquake motions are considered to be imparted to the structure

of the level at which the structure as a dynamic vibrator is supportedBase

236A member or an element provided to transfer lateral forces from a portion of a structure

to vertical elements of the lateral force resisting systemCollector

237A horizontal or nearly horizontal system acting to transmit lateral forces to the vertical

resisting elements it includes horizontal bracing systemDiaphragm

238 The total designed lateral force or shear at the base of a structure Base Shear

239 An element at edge of opening or at perimeters of shear walls or diaphragm Boundary Element

240An essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or accentric type which is provided

to resist lateral forcesBrace Frame

241 A essentially complete space frame which provides supports for gravity loads Building Frame System

242A combination of a Special or Intermediate Moment Resisting Space Frame and Shear

Walls or Braced FrameDual System

243The form of braced frame where at least one end of each brace intersects a beam at a

point away from the column girder jointEccentric Brace Frame

244 The entire assemblage at the Intersection of the members Joints

21/40

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

PREPARED BY:

ALEXANDER SANANDRES

STRUCTURAL REVIEWER

245The horizontal member in a frame system, a beam

-the major horizontal supporting member of the floor system Girder

246

An element of a diaphragm parallel to the applied load, which collects and transfers

diaphragm shear to vertical resisting elements of distributes loads within the diaphragm.

Such members may take axial tension or compression

Diaphragm Strut

247The boundary element of a diaphragm or a shear wall which is assumed to take axial

stresses analogous to the flanges of a beamDiaphragm Chord

248 Those structures which are necessary for emergency post earthquake operations Essential facilities

249 That part of the structural system assigned to resist lateral forcesLateral Force Resisting

system

250Moment resisting space frame not meeting special detailing requirements for ductile

behavior

Ord. Moment Resisting

Space Frame

251 The displacement of one level relative to the level above or below Story Drift

252The usable capacity of a structure or its members to resist loads within the deformation

limits prescribed in this documentStrength

253 The lower rigid portion of a structure having a vertical combination of structural system Platform

254 Horizontal truss system that serves the same function as a diaphragmHorizontal Bracing

System

255An assemblage of framing members designed to support gravity loads and resist lateral

forcesStructure

256

A structural system without complete vertical load carrying space frame. This system

provides support for gravity loads. Resistance to lateral load is provided by shear walls

or braced frames

Bearing wall system

257A structural system with essentially complete space frame providing support for gravity

loads. Resistance to lateral load is provided by shear walls or braced framesBuilding Frame System

258

A structural system with an essentially complete space frame providing support for

gravity loads. Moments resisting space frames provide resistance to lateral load primarily

by flexural action of members.

Moment resisting Frame

system

259 Is one in which the story strength is less than 80% of that the story above Weak Storey

260

An elastic or inelastic dynamic analysis in which a mathematical model of the structure is

subjected to a ground motion time history. The structures time dependant dynamic

response to these motion is obtained through numerical integration of its equations of

motions.

Time History analysis

261The effect on the structure due to earthquake motions acting in directions other than

parallel to the direction of resistance under considerationOrthogonal Effect

262The secondary effect on shears and moments of frame members induced by the vertical

loads acting on the laterally displaced building framep-Delta effect

263Material other than water aggregate or hydraulic cement used as an ingredient of

concrete and added to concrete before or during its mixing to modify its propertiesAdmixture

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264 Concrete that doesnt not conform to definition of reinforced concrete plain concrete

265Upright compression member with a ratio of unsupported height to average least lateral

dimension of less than three (3 m)Pedestal

266

Ratio of normal stress to corresponding strain for tensile or compressive stresses below

proportional limit of material

-in the formula e=PL/AE, E stands for ___Modulus of Elasticity

267In prestressed concrete, temporary force exerted by device that introduces tension into

prestressing tendonsJacking Force

268 Length of embedded reinforcement provided beyond a critical section Embedment Length

269Stress remaining in prestressing tendons after all losses have occurred, excluding

effects of dead load and superimposed loadsEffective Prestress

270Length of embedded reinforcement required to develop the design strength of

reinforcement at a critical sectionDevelopment Length

271 Friction resulting from bends or curves in the specified prestressing tendon profile Curvature Friction

272 Concrete containing lightweight aggregateStructural Lightweight

concrete

273 Prestressing tendon that is bonded to concrete either directly or through grouting Bonded Tendon

274 ASTM A36 Structural Steel

275 True or False, bar larger than 32mm in diameter shall not be bundled in beams TRUE

276Minimum concrete cover for a Prestressed concrete for beams and columns for primary

reinforcement40 mm

277In a material under tension or compression, the absolute value of the ratio transverse

strain to the corresponding longitudinal strainPoisson Ratio

278 In column, the ratio of its effective length to its least radius of gyration Slenderness Ratio

279 A quantity which measures the resistance of the mass to being revolved about a line Torsion

280 A type of concrete floor which has no beam Flat Slab

281 The tendency for one part of a beam to move vertically with respect to an adjacent part Shear

282 A change in shape of a material when subjected to the action of force Deformation

283The maximum value of tension, compression, or shear respectively the material sustain

without failureYielding Stress

284It means that by which a body develops internal resistance to stress

-Intensity of force per unit area Stress

285The greatest stress which a material is capable of developing without permanent

deformation remaining upon the complete release of stressAllowable Stress

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286 Loop of reinforcing bar or wire enclosing longitudinal reinforcement Stirrup / Tie

287 The measure of stiffness of a material Stiffness Ratio

288 The failure in a base when a heavily loaded column strikes hole through it Punching Shear

289 The deformation of a structural member as a result of loads acting on it Deflection

290 Nominal thickness of a timber 6 inches

291The sum of forces in the orthogonal directions and the sum of all moments about any

points are zeroEquillibrium

292

The complete records of tests conducted (slump, compression test, etc.) shall be

preserved and made available for inspection during the progress of construction and

after completion of the project for a period of not less than ___

2 years

293 Wood board should have a thickness specification not less than 1"x4"

294 The distance from the first to the last riser of a stair flight Run

295A high-speed rotary shaping hand power tool used to make smooth cutting and curving

on solid woodPortable Hand Router

296 Wood defects are: heart shake, cup shake, star shake and ___ Knots

297 Dressed lumber is referred to ___Smooth & Planed

Lumber

298It refers to the occupancy load which is either partially or fully in place or may not be

present at allLive Load

299 The other kind of handsaw other than rip cut saw Cross cut Saw

300 The distance between inflection points in the column when it breaks Effective Length

301An expansion joint of adjacent parts of a structure to permit expected movements

between themContraction Joint

302 The total of all tread widths in a stair Total Run

303 The force adhesion per unit area of contact between two bonded surfaces Bond Stress

304 A structural member spanning from truss to truss or supporting a rafter Purlin

305A connector such as a welded strut, spiral bar, or short length of channel which resists

horizontal shear between elementsShear Connector

306 The force per unit area of cross section which tend to produce shear Shear Stress

307 The law that relates the linear relationship between stresses and strain Hooks Law

308Minimum spacing of bolts in timber connection measured from center of bolts parallel for

parallel to grain loading is equal to ___4 x dia. Of bolt

309According to the provision of the NSCP on timber connection and fastening the loaded

edge distance for perpendicular to grain loading shall be at least 4 x dia. Of bolt

310NSCP specifies spacing between rows of bolts for perpendicular to grain loading shall be

at least ___ times bolt diameter for L/d ratio of 22.5 times

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311Minimum diameter of bolts to be used in timber connections and fastening in accordance

with NSCP specifications12 mm

312 Simple solid timber columns have slenderness ratio not exceeding ___ 50

313Nails and spikes for which the wire gauges or lengths not set forth in the NSCP

specifications shall have a required penetration of not less than __11 dia.

314Notches in sawn lumber bending members in accordance with the NSCP specifications

shall not exceed1/6 depth of member

315 Notches in sawn lumber shall not be located in the middle third span

316 Notches in the top and bottom of joist shall not exceed 1/4 depth

317 Allowable stresses for tension in structural steel in terms of gross area.60 of specified yield

strength

318 Allowable tensile stress of structural steel based on effective area.50 of specified min.

tensile strength

319 Allowable stress for tension on pin connected members based on net area 0.45 fy

320Allowable shear stress on structural steel on the cross sectional area effective in

resisting shear0.40 fy

321For structures carrying live loads which induce impact, the assumed live load shall be

increased sufficiently to provide for same, for supports of elevators the increase shall be100%

322 The slenderness ratio of compression members shall not exceed ___ 200

323 The slenderness ratio main members in tension shall not exceed ___ 240

324Concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and fittings shall not be less than ___ for concrete

exposed to earth or weather40 mm

325Concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and fittings shall not be less than ___ for concrete

not exposed to earth or weather20 mm

326Curing of concrete (other than high-early strength) shall be maintained above 10 C and

in moist condition for at least the first ___ days after placement7 days

327If concrete in structure will dry under service conditions, cores shall be air-dried for ___

days before test and shall be tested dry.7 dyas

328Cutting for high early strength concrete shall be maintained above 10 C and in moist

condition for at least the ___days after placement3 days

329The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars in layer shall be db (diameter of bar)

but not less than ___25mm

330 Standard hooks used in reinforced concrete beam shall mean180 deg. Bend +4db extension

but not less than 65 mm at the

end of bar

331 Standard hooks for stirrups and tie hooks 16mm bar and smaller 90 deg. Bend + 6db extension at free end

332 Standard hooks for stirrups and thie hooks 20-25 mm bar90 deg. Bend + 12db extension

at free end

333 Allowable tolerance on minimum concrete cover for depth greater than 200 mm .-12mm

334 Allowable tolerance for longitudinal location of bends and ends of reinforcement .+/- 50mm

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335Individual bars with a bundle terminated within the span of flexural members shall

terminate at different points with a stagger of at least40db

336Clear distance between pre-tensioning tendons at each end of member shall not be less

than ___ for strands3db

337Clear distance between pre-tensioning tendons at each of member shall to be less than

___ for wire4db

338Minimum concrete cover provided for reinforcement of cast in place against permanently

exposed earth or weather using bars larger than 36 mm75 mm

339Commonly designed as a beam which bears directly on the column footing

Grade Beam

340a surface discontinuity caused by roughening or scratching

Abrasion

341a narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the edges of two parallel boards in

the same planeBatten

342bulges in plaster finish coat resulting from applying finish coat over to damp a base coat

Blistering

343concrete structures under construction, a space where concrete is not to be placed.

Block out

344an iron alloy usually including carbon and silicon which has high compressive strength

but low tensile strength.Cast iron

345

in a suspended acoustical ceiling, a groove cut into the edges of an acoustical tile to

receive splines or supporting members of the ceiling suspension system Kerf

346a roofing tile which is the shape of an s when laid on its side

Pantile

347a metaphoric rock made up of mostly calcite or dolomite

Marble

348

the process of producing metal shapes of a constant cross section by forcing the hot

metal through an orifice in a die by means of a pressure ram Extrusion

349a body acted upon by a balanced force system is in equilibrium

Static Equilibrium

350is the action of one body upon another

Force

351is a single force, a couple, or a force and a couple which acting alone produces the

same effect as the force system Resultant

352

states that the external effect of a force on a body acted upon is independent of the point

of application of the force but the same for all points along its line of actionPriniples of

Transmissibility

353is an arrangement of any two or more forces that act on a body or on a group of related

bodies Force System

354a sketch of a body showing the forces exerted by other bodies on the one being

consideredFree body diagram

355is acting parallel to member axis

Load

356in uniform for homogenous sections

Stress

357tends to elongate the body

Stress due to tension

358tends to shorten the body Stress due to

compression

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359

is an articulated structure composed of lines or bars assumed to be connected by

frictionless pin at the joints and arranged so that an area enclosed within the boundaries

of the structure is subdivided by the bars into geometric figures which are usually

triangles.

Truss

360

are usually horizontal or nearly horizontal elements carrying a stress primarily due to

shear and flexure, they usually carry load directly from the floor. Beam & Girders

361is a structure in which the reaction components and internal stress cannot be solved

completely using the equation of static equilibrium Detrminate structure

362

a system of framing a building on which floor joists of each storey rest on the top plates

of the storey below and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each step Western Framing

363a pressure exerted against the underground portion of a building created by the

presence of water in the soil. Hydrostatic Pressure

364a steel bolt usually fixed in building structures with its thread portion projecting

Anchor Bolt

365a narrow piece of lumber nailed to the side of a beam along its bottom edge which

carries joist flush with the upper edge of the beam Ledger Strip

366

a flexible blanket type thermal insulation commonly used between studs or joists in frame

construction Batt insulation

367

a system of framing a building in which the studs are continuous to the roof supporting

the second floor joists Balloon Framing

368the boxing in or covering a joist, beam or girder to give the appearance of a larger beam

Beam Blocking

369allowable sag (NSCP)

100 mm

370that part of a building foundation which forms the permanent retaining wall of the

structure below grade Foundation Wall

371joints employed to reduce restraint by accommodating movement of masonry walls

Control Joints

372a process where a piece of metal is heated prior to changing its shape or dimension

Forging

373a commercially pure iron of fibrous nature, valued for its corrosion resistance and

ductilityWrought Iron

374carries the roof load between trusses or rafters

Purlin

375usually a sloping beam carrying the reactions of purlins

Rafter

376carries the masonry across the opening made by a door or window

Lintel

377a closely spaced beam supporting the floor of a building

Joist

378 similar to a joist, it carries the flooring of a bridge Stringer

379large sized beams usually carrying the floor beams

Girder

380spans between columns and supports the floor and curtain walls

Spandrel

381circular beam that transmits power to the machinery

it also carries torsion in addition to shear and flexure Shaft

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382large roughly molded sun-dried bricks of varying sizes

Adobe

383is a mixture of sand and gravel held together in a rock-like mass with a paste of cement

and water. Concrete

384is a combination of concrete and steel wherein the steel reinforcement provides the

tensile strength lacking in concrete Reinforced Concrete

385height is less than three times the least dimension Pedestal or short

compression blocks

386strength of column is significantly reduced due to slenderness

long or slender column

387failure is initiated by material failure

Short column

388a structural system without a complete vertical load-carrying space frame

Bearing wall system

389a structural system with an essentially complete space frame providing supports for

gravity loads Building Frame System

390the method of stiffening floor construction by fitting solid blocks between joists

Bridging

391a shallow crack at closely spaced by irregular intervals on the surface of mortar or

concrete Checking

392the stressing of un-bonded tendons after the concrete has cured

Post tensioning

393a ready means of determining the consistency of freshly mixed concrete

Slump Test

394the permanent reformation of a material under a sustained load

Creep

395a principal member of a truss which extends from one end to the other primarily to resist

bendingChord

396a composition of two or more metals fused together usually to obtain a desired property

alloy

397the horizontal distance from the face of a lock latch to the center of the knob or lock

cylinderBackset

398a joint formed by overlapping the edges of metal sheet or plated and joining them by

riveting, soldering and brizing.Lap seam

399the tendency for one part of the beam to move vertically with respect to an adjacent part

Shear

400any material change in shape when subjected to the action of a force

Deformation

401the maximum value of tension, compression or shear respectively which the material can

sustain without failureWorking Stress

402a permanent roofed structure attached to and supported by the building and projecting

over public propertyMarquee

403is an extension or increase on floor area or height of a building structure

Addition

404is a method of proportioning structural elements such that computed stresses produced

in the elements by the allowable stress load combinations do not exceed specified

allowable stress (also called working stress design)

Allowable Stress Design

405is any change, addition to or modification in construction or occupancy

Alteration

406is any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy

Building

407a building erected prior to the adoption of NSCP, or one for which a legal building permit

has been issuedExisting Building

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408

is a method of proportioning structural elements using load and resistance factors such

that no applicable limit state is reached when the structure is subjected to all appropriate

load combinations

the term used in the design of steel and wood structures

LFRD (Load &

Resistance Factor

Design)

409

is a method of proportioning structural e