2 Science (CVA).pdf (HSNS262) Written Assignment …...Atherosclerosis: major cause of CVA vThrombus formation & emboli development vAbnormal filtration of lipids in the intimal layer

220179206 D G Tharindu(HSNS262) Written Assignment

2 Science (CVA).pdfby Tharindu Dushyantha Dewalegama Gamacharige

Submission date: 16-Sep-2018 05:38PM (UTC+1000)Submission ID: 1002571282File name:140127_Tharindu_Dushyantha_Dewalegama_Gamacharige_220179206_D_G_Tharindu__HSNS262__Written_Assignment_2_Scie_1814035279.pdfWord count: 2135Character count: 12170

Running Head

Good solid ef fort

Voices in academic writ ing

synthesising?

T it le Page Use the Act ive Voice

Evaluat ing Qualit y of Writ ing

APA: Running Head APA: pg. number

APA: Layout

Int roduct ion Heading not neededAPA: T it le.......[cent red]

Indent .5

OK

Good

Close up space

567

Indent .5

Penumbra

APA: citat ion basics

10

acadWrit -need reference here

11

Close up space

andIndent .5

Referencing........

Use the Act ive Voice

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Indent .5

12

13

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14

Good

APA: Adverbial Conjunct ions

16

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17

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1819

Not emiprical

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21

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23

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redundant

26

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Not emiprical

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Conclusion

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29

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APA: Reference list - format t ing

APA: Reference List Basic Rules

APA: Reference List

8%SIMILARITY INDEX

1%INTERNET SOURCES

2%PUBLICATIONS

5%STUDENT PAPERS

1 5%

2 1%

3 1%

4 <1%

5 <1%

Exclude quotes Of f

Exclude bibliography On

Exclude matches Of f

220179206 D G Tharindu (HSNS262) Written Assignment 2Science (CVA).pdfORIGINALITY REPORT

PRIMARY SOURCES

Submitted to University of New EnglandStudent Paper

Guo, Y, P Li, Q Guo, K Shang, D Yan, S Du,and Y Lu. "Pathophysiology and Biomarkers inAcute Ischemic Stroke – A Review", TropicalJournal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2014.Publicat ion

"Management of Post-Stroke Complications",Springer Nature America, Inc, 2015Publicat ion

www.strokeupdate.co.ukInternet Source

www.dc.nihr.ac.ukInternet Source

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FINAL GRADE

20/30

220179206 D G Tharindu (HSNS262) Written Assignment 2Science (CVA).pdfGRADEMARK REPORT

GENERAL COMMENTS

Instructor

PAGE 1

Running HeadRUNNING HEAD: Yes, it will say, “Running head: . . . .”, but only on the f irst page.

Use an abbreviated f orm of the tit le (not exceeding 50 characters, which will include spaces).The abbreviated tit le is in capital letters. This will appear in the top lef t corner—1 inch f rom thelef t margin and ½ inch f rom the top. The all-caps tit le will appear on all subsequent pages in thetop lef t-hand corner.

Good solid ef fortGood solid ef f ort

Please ref er to comments throughout paper

Voices in academic writingThe importance of using a rangeof voices in academic writ ing

A common purpose of academic writ ing is to present a clear posit ion and def end / support it.Your reader wants to see that you have a personal ‘voice’ on your subject and use itsuccessf ully to build an academic argument.

To develop your posit ion, you need evidence to support it. This is usually supplied by thevoices of scholars in the f ield. You may also have to present concepts or evidence that doesnot support your posit ion and show why you do not consider these to be usef ul or appropriate.In this process of interwoven voices, you need to clearly distinguish both your voice and thevoices of your sources and identif y each sourceappropriately.

synthesising?What is synthesising?Synthesising is an important and complex skill required in academic writ ing. Synthesisinginvolves combining ideas f rom a range of sources in order to group and present common ideasor arguments. It is a necessary skill used in essays, literature reviews and other f orms ofacademic writ ing.

Unlike summarising and paraphrasing, which only uses one author's ideas at a t ime,synthesising combines ideas f rom more than one text or source.Synthesising allows you to:

combine inf ormation and ideas f rom multiple sources to develop and strengthen yourargument(s)demonstrate that you have read widely on the topicuse and cite multiple sources.

Title Page

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Title:Name:University:Student number:Unit:Date of Submission:Extension (if needed): Put date & who approved

Use the Active VoiceAt the heart of every good sentence is a strong, precise verb; the converse is true as well- -atthe core of most conf using, awkward, or wordy sentences lies a weak verb.

Try to use the active voice whenever possible.

Evaluating Quality of WritingEvaluating Quality of Writ ingA usef ul approach f or evaluating the quality of your academic writ ing is to consider thef ollowing issues f rom the perspective of the reader. While proof reading your f inal draf t,crit ically assess the f ollowing elements in your writ ing.It is shaped around one clear research problem, and it explains what that problem is f rom theoutset.Your paper tells the reader why the problem is important and why people should know about it.You have accurately and thoroughly inf ormed the reader what has already been published aboutthis problem or others related to it and noted important gaps in the research.You have provided evidence to support your argument that the reader f inds convincing.The paper includes a description of how and why particular evidence was collected andanalyzed, and why specif ic theoretical arguments or concepts were used.The paper is made up of paragraphs, each containing only one controlling idea.You indicate how each section of the paper addresses the research problem.You have considered counter-arguments or counter-examples where they are relevant.Arguments, evidence, and their signif icance have been presented in the conclusion.Limitations of your research have been explained as evidence of the potential need f or f urtherstudy.The narrative f lows in a clear, accurate, and well-organized way.

PAGE 2

APA: Running HeadA running head is a short t it le (50 characters or f ewer, including spaces) that appears at the topof every page of your paper. The running head identif ies the pages f or the reader in case theyget separated, and if you submit your paper f or publication, it does this while preserving youranonymity during the review process. In published articles it also identif ies the article f or thereader at a glance.

Formatting Instructions

The running head (along with the page numbers) appears in the header of every page (theheader by nature is situated within the top margin of your paper; all the margins themselvesshould be set to 1 inch). Type it in all capital letters, make sure it is no longer than 50 characters(including spaces), and lef t justif y it. Then add your page numbers, right justif ied.

On the f irst page only, the running head is also preceded by the words Running head and acolon. On all other pages, just the running head itself and the page number appear, without thewords Running head:.

APA: pg. numberAPA: pg. number top right

APA: LayoutPage layouto Maintain a minimum of one inch margins on all sides of a page.o Justif ication should be set to "of f " or "lef t margin only" (the right margin should beuneven).o Indent paragraphs and f ootnotes f ive to seven spaces (one tab setting).o Double-spacing throughout a manuscript is most of ten required. However, to improvereadability, single-spacing may be allowed, f or example, when quoting passages ofmore than 40 words and f or table t it les and headings, f igure captions, f ootnotes, and

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citation sources on the ref erences page (though double-spacing is required betweeneach ref erence entry).o The pref erred typef ace of APA is T imes New Roman, with a 12-point f ont size.o The tit le page (see model on page 26) consists of the (a) t it le, centered and placed in theupper half of the paper; (b) author’s name, below the tit le, centered; and (c) institutionalaf f iliation (CSSW, spelled out), below author’s name. Any other inf ormation (e.g.,course, section, instructor, date) is placed below the f irst three elements, centered aswell. In addition, page numbers run consecutively, beginning with the tit le page, andappear in the upper right corner of every page, in the Header. Also in the Header, f lushlef t margin of only the tit le page, should appear the term “Running head:” f ollowed by ashortened tit le, typed out in all uppercase letters, in no more than 50 characters,including letters, punctuation, and spaces.o If called f or, the abstract appears on page 2 (see model on page 27).o The ref erence list starts on its own page and at the end of the manuscript (see model onpage 28).o If an appendix is included it appears af ter the ref erence page (see model on page 29).

Introduction Heading not neededEvery paper begins with an introduction. However, in APA Style, the heading “Introduction” is notused, because what comes at the beginning of the paper is assumed to be the introduction.

APA: Title.......[centred]APA: T it le.......[centred]

Indent .5you should indent the f irst line of every paragraph .5".

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OKOK

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GoodGood

Close up spaceClose up space

Comment 5Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) (stroke) is the disruption of the blood supply to the brain,resulting in neurological dysf unction.

• Results f rom ischemia to a part of the brain or hemorrhage into the brain that results in deathof brain cells

Comment 6(AIS)

Comment 7(CVA)


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PenumbraPenumbra

Pathophysiology -n Neuronal t issue is sensit ive f or ischemia due to lack of stored energy n With the complete absence of f low neuronal viability is 2-3 minutes n In acute stroke ischemia is always incomplete due to rich collateral supply

APA: citation basicsAPA citation basics

When using APA f ormat, f ollow the author-date method of intext citation. This means that theauthor's last name and the year of publication f or the source should appear in the text, f orexample, (Jones, 1998), and a complete ref erence should appear in the ref erence list at the endof the paper.

If you are ref erring to an idea f rom another work but NOT directly quoting the material, ormaking ref erence to an entire book, article or other work, you only have to make ref erence tothe author and year of publication and not the page number in your intext ref erence. Allsources that are cited in the text must appear in the ref erence list at the end of the paper.

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Comment 10Atherosclerosis: major cause of CVAvThrombus f ormation & emboli developmentvAbnormal f iltration of lipids in the intimal layer of the arterial wallvPlaque develops & locations of increased insecurity of blood - divisionvIncreased turbulence of blood or a indirect areavCalcif ied plaques rupture or f issurevPlatelets & f ibrin stick to the plaquevNarrowing or blockage of an artery by thrombus or embolivCerebral Inf arction: blocked artery with blood supply cut of f beyond the blockage

PAGE 3

acadWrit-need reference hereYou should have an intext ref erence here and a corresponding entry in your ref erence list.

Comment 11• Stroke can be classif ied as ischemic or hemorrhagic. The latter implies the rupture ofintracranial vessels leading, in a very generalized sense, to mass ef f ect, compression, andinf lammation leading to neuronal death.

• The core of AIS pathophysiology is the complete interruption of cerebral blood f low (CBF)leading to energy depletion and oxygen starvation with necrotic neuronal death within the f irstcouple of minutes.

• Modern day therapeutic strategies are aimed at arterial recanalization in order to reestablishCBF.


andand


Referencing........

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The role of ref erencingAcademic writers need to support their arguments with evidence, and readers of academicwrit ing need to evaluate the validity of that evidence. A ref erence is the bracketed or f ootnotedpiece of inf ormation that tells the reader where the supporting evidence used in academicwrit ing comes f rom. The role of the ref erence is twof old: f irstly, it inf orms the reader of thesource of your ideas so that he or she can distinguish between your words and ideas andthose of others; secondly, accurate ref erencing and lists of ref erences are necessary to allowthe reader to evaluate the inf ormation and read f urther into the area.

When to ref erence

You should use a ref erence when you have included an idea in your essay or report which is notyour own original idea and which is not common knowledge. You must ref erence the ideawhether you have presented the idea in the author's original words, as a quote, or haveparaphrased or summarised the author's idea into your own words. You don't need to include aref erence when the idea or concept is common knowledge in your discipline.

Use the Active VoiceAt the heart of every good sentence is a strong, precise verb; the converse is true as well- -atthe core of most conf using, awkward, or wordy sentences lies a weak verb.

Try to use the active voice whenever possible.



Comment 12The lack of perf usion decimates the concentration of molecular oxygen f orcing the cell to divertenergy production f rom classic aerobic cellular respiration towards anaerobic ATP synthesis.

This alternate metabolic route poses several detriments when compared to homeostatic energyproduction: f irstly, this pathway results in a decrease in the yield of ATP per glucose moleculeand, secondly, it creates lactic acid as byproduct.

The changes brought about by the energetic def icit and the shif t in pH causeenergy-dependent ion channels to dysf unction.. The loss of ionic interchange alters the cellspolarity and inherently af f ects voltage-dependent mechanisms. One such voltagedependentprocess is neurotransmitter release, particularly glutamate.

Comment 13Caref ul this does not read like a text book. Stick to the pathophysiology

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Comment 14This can be a litt le more succinct

GoodGood

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APA: Adverbial ConjunctionsTry not to overuse adverbial conjunctions at the start of sentences.

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The problem occurs when writers use these words to conjoin sentences. Readers f ind the errorto be distracting because it disrupts their expectation about where sentences should

Comment 16The ult imate result of ischemic cascade init iated by acute stroke is neuronal death along with anirreversible loss of neuronal f unction.

Therapeutic strategies in stroke have been developed with two main aims: restoration ofcerebral f low and the minimization of the deleterious ef f ects of ischemia on neurons.

Intense research spanning over the last two decades has witnessed signif icant therapeuticadvances in the f orm of carotid endarterectomy, thrombolytics, anticoagulant therapy,antiplatelet agents, neuroprotective agents, and treating associated risk f actors such ashypertension and hyperlipidemia.





PAGE 5

Comment 17One such voltage dependent process is neurotransmitter release, particularly glutamate. Thisexcitatory neurotransmitter is highly abundant in the central nervous system and is the ligandf or the Nmethyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl- isoxazol-4-yl) propanoicacid (AMPA) and kainate receptors. • Af ter AIS the loss in ionic regulation causes the excessive release of glutamate and impairs itsreuptake: a process known as excitotoxicity. • The pathway through which glutamate mediates this cytotoxic ef f ect is mediated by calciumions.• The binding of glutamate to its receptors activates the inf lux of calcium ions into the neuron.The increasing concentration of calcium ions, act as second messengers and overloads the cellby activating intracellular phospholipases, nucleases and proteases. • This battery of enzymes degrades essential structures including the cell membrane, DNA, andintracellular proteins


Comment 18M

Comment 19Pharmacological Treatment ofParkinson’s Disease• Goals:– Primary = restore dopamine receptor f unction.– Secondary = inhibit ion of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.• Drugs used :– Levodopa– Dopamine Receptor Agonists– Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs).– Catechol‐O‐Methyltransf erase (COMT) inhibitors.– Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptor Antagonists.– Amantidine.

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Not emipricalNot emiprical


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Comment 21Question: Do the treatments cure Parkinson's Disease or stop it f rom progressing?Answer: No.Treatments do not cure the diseaseGoal is to alleviate symptoms and maintain independent f unction

Question: Is there a “best” treatment f or PD? Answer: No standard existsSurgical treatment f or PD is considered f or patients who respond to medications but haveintolerable side ef f ects.

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Comment 23• Aspirin binds and inhibits the platelet COX-1 irreversibly and consequently impairs theproduction of prostaglandins and thromboxanes, noting thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in particular.• The absence of TXA2 leads to the reduction in the TXA2-mediated amplif ication of plateletactivation and thus hinders the platelet aggregation phenotype that includes morphologicalchanges and expression of the f ibrinogen receptor necessary f or platelet aggregation.



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redundantredundant

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Comment 26Levodopa• Prodrug – immediate metabolic precursor ofdopamine.– Levodopa can cross the blood‐brain barrier whiledopamine cannot.– CNS – enzymatically converted to dopamine by Laromaticamino acid decarboxylase.• 1‐3% of Levodopa actually enters the brain.– Primarily due to extracerebral metabolism.– Extracerebral metabolism can be reduced byadministering a non‐BBB permeating peripheral Laromaticamino acid decarboxylase inhibitor.

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Levodopa…. Mechanism of Action:• Restoration of synaptic concentrations ofdopamine.– Activation of post‐synaptic D2 receptors =inhibit adenylyl cyclase = promote voluntarymovement via indirect pathway.– Additional benef it obtained via activation ofpost‐synaptic D1 receptors = stimulateadenylyl cyclase = f acilitate voluntarymovement via direct pathway.


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Not emipricalNot emiprical


ConclusionA conclusion adds order and emphasis to your paper; it should pull the dif f erent parts of <br/>the paper together, emphasizes important points, and demonstrates the possibilit ies f orf uture<br />exploration of your topic. Although the conclusion should include a restatement ofyour thesis, it should not simply restate the points you made in your paper; the conclusionshould add to the reader’s understanding of the issues as well as clarif y your argument


Comment 29patient

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APA: Reference list - formattingRef erence listLists only the sources you ref er to in your writ ing

All ref erences cited in text must appear in the ref erence list, except f or personal

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communications (such as conversations) which cannot be retrieved.

The purpose of the ref erence list is to allow your sources to be be f ound by your reader. Giveenough detail in the APA ref erence f or the reader to be able to f ind the item. It also gives creditto authors you have consulted f or their ideas.Ref erence list - f ormattingRef erences is the tit le of your ref erence list. i.e. one word, beginning with a capital letter,centered, and not in italics, start your ref erence list on a separate page. Hanging indent space bar in 5 - 7 spaces f or the second and subsequent lines of eachref erence Ampersand f or 2 - 6 authors, use & bef ore the f inal author One author, twopublications order by year of publication, the earlier one f irst. same year of publication f or both- add 'a' and 'b' af ter the year, inside the brackets. Include this in the in text citation. example:Baheti, J. R. (2001a). URLs remove the underlines f rom URLs so that any underscores ( _ ) canbe seen. Same f irst author, dif f erent second author order alphabetically by second orsubsequent authors. Upper case letters (capital letters) journal t it le - use headline style; i.e.capitalise all the words, except articles and prepositions book tit le or article t it le (in a journal,magazine or newspaper) - use sentence style; i.e. capitalise the f irst word of the tit le, andsubtit le (af ter the colon), and any proper names

APA: Reference List Basic RulesYour ref erence list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the inf ormationnecessary f or a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Eachsource you cite in the paper must appear in your ref erence list; likewise, each entry in theref erence list must be cited in your text.

Your ref erences should begin on a new page separate f rom the text of the essay; label thispage "Ref erences" centered at the top of the page (do NOT bold, underline, or use quotationmarks f or the tit le). All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay.

Basic Rules

*All lines af ter the f irst line of each entry in your ref erence list should be indented one-half inchf rom the lef t margin. This is called hanging indentation.

*Authors' names are inverted (last name f irst); give the last name and init ials f or all authors of aparticular work f or up to and including seven authors. If the work has more than seven authors,list the f irst six authors and then use ellipses af ter the sixth author's name. Af ter the ellipses,list the last author's name of the work.

*Ref erence list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the f irst author of each work.

*For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries inchronological order, f rom earliest to most recent.

*Present the journal t it le in f ull.

*Maintain the punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its t it le.For example: ReCALL not RECALL or Knowledge Management Research & Practice notKnowledge Management Research and Practice.

*Capitalize all major words in journal t it les.

*When ref erring to books, chapters, articles, or Web pages, capitalize only the f irst letter of thef irst word of a t it le and subtit le, the f irst word af ter a colon or a dash in the tit le, and propernouns. Do not capitalize the f irst letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word.

*Italicize tit les of longer works such as books and journals.

*Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the tit les of shorter works such as journalarticles or essays in edited collections.

APA: Reference ListThe f ollowing rules f or handling works by a single author or multiple authors apply to all APA-style ref erences in your ref erence list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronicresource, etc.)

Single AuthorLast name f irst, f ollowed by author init ials. Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and socialdevelopment.

Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11, 7-10. Two Authors: List by their last names andinit ials. Use the ampersand instead of "and. Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994). Moodmanagement across af f ective states: The hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology, 66, 1034-1048.

Three to Seven Authors

List by last names and init ials; commas separate author names, while the last author name ispreceded again by ampersand. Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., Harlow, T., &Bach, J. S. (1993). There's more to self -esteem than whether it is high or low: The importanceof stability of self -esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204.

More Than Seven Authors

List by last names and init ials; commas separate author names. Af ter the sixth author's name,use an ellipses in place of the author names. Then provide the f inal author name. There shouldbe no more than seven names. Miller, F. H., Choi, M. J., Angeli, L. L., Harland, A. A., Stamos, J. A.,Thomas, S. T., . . . Rubin, L. H. (2009). Web site usability f or the blind and low-vision user.Technical Communication, 57, 323-335.

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RUBRIC: HSNS262_2016

CRITERION 1

STRONG(10)

PROFICIENT(8)

SATISFACTORY(6)

WEAK(4)

UNACCEPTABLE(2)

CRITERION 2

STRONG(10)

PROFICIENT(8)

SATISFACTORY(6)

WEAK(4)

UNACCEPTABLE(2)

CRITERION 3

STRONG(10)

PROFICIENT(8)

SATISFACTORY(6)

WEAK(4)

UNACCEPTABLE(2)

CRITERION 4

STRONG(0)

PROFICIENT(0)

20 / 30

8 / 10

Pathophysiology

Clear, detailed description of pathophysiology identif ying the alterations f rom thenormal anatomy and physiology, thoroughly reviews and integrates current andrelevant literature.

Clear, description of pathophysiology, identif ying the alterations f rom the normalanatomy and physiology suf f iciently integrates current and relevant reviews literature.

Description of pathophysiology includes some detail of the alterations f rom thenormal anatomy and physiology, essay suf f iciently reviews literature.

Describes pathophysiology at a basic level but lacks detail of the changes f romnormal anatomy and physiology, insuf f iciently reviews literature.

Does not describe the pathophysiology of the chosen disease. Does not identif y thechanges occurring in anatomy and physiology during pathophysiology, insuf f icientlyreviews literature.

6 / 10

Pharmacology

Succinct description of the drug including mechanism of action. Detailed descriptionof the pharmacodynamics.

Introduction to the drug including brief mention of the mechanism of action, describesmost f actors of the pharmacodynamics.

Introduction to the drug including brief mention of the mechanism of action,pharmacodynamics lack some detail.

Introduces drug at a basic level, lacks mechanism of action. Elements of thepharmacodynamics are missing or vague.

Drug is not introduced or described. Lacks detail of the pharmacodynamics.

6 / 10

Logic and Flow

Development is logical and clear to reader; points are addressed individually andlinked appropriately

Development is logical and clear to reader; some points may be bunched together ornot clearly linked

Development is unclear at t imes to reader; points may be somewhat inadequatelylinked

Development presents errors (reasoning isn’t sound), generally points areinsuf f iciently linked

Development is missing or otherwise unacceptable; points are not linked

0 / 0

Structure and organisation

Structure and organization are prof icient: introduction & conclusion are succinct andef f ective; paragraphs are well-developed and have strong topic sentences

Structure and organization are strong: introduction, conclusion & paragraphdevelopment are competent; paragraphs are occasionally and/or underdeveloped;topic sentences are generally good

SATISFACTORY(0)

WEAK(0)

UNACCEPTABLE(0)

CRITERION 5

STRONG(0)

PROFICIENT(0)

SATISFACTORY(0)

WEAK(0)

UNACCEPTABLE(0)

CRITERION 6

STRONG(0)

PROFICIENT(0)

SATISFACTORY(0)

WEAK(0)

UNACCEPTABLE(0)

CRITERION 7

STRONG(0)

PROFICIENT(0)

SATISFACTORY(0)

WEAK(0)

UNACCEPTABLE(0)

Structure and organization are adequate: introduction and/or conclusion aresomewhat inef f ective; paragraphs presents development inadequacies orinconsistencies; topic sentences are present but some what inef f ective

Flawed structure and organization: introduction or conclusion is inadequate ormissing; paragraphs are underdeveloped or weak; topic sentences are missing orunf ocused

Structure and organization are inef f ective; introduction and conclusion are missing;

0 / 0

Writ ing Style

Sentences are consistently clear, concise and direct; tone is appropriately f ormal/inf ormal

Sentences are generally clear, concise, and direct; tone is appropriatelyf ormal/inf ormal

Sentences are occasionally wordy or ambiguous; tone is somewhat too inf ormal f oracademic writ ing

Sentences are generally wordy and/or ambiguous and/or at t imes unclear; tone is tooinf ormal f or academic writ ing

Sentences are unclear enough to impair meaning; tone is inappropriate and/orinconsistent

0 / 0

APA f ormat

Excellent use of APA f ormat, inclusive of citations and ref erences

Appropriate use of APA f ormat, inclusive of citations and ref erences only inf requenterrors (suggested: f ewer than 1 error per page);

Adequate use of APA f ormat, inclusive of citations and ref erences; f requency oferrors detracts f rom strength of paper (suggested: 1-2 errors per page

Inadequate use of APA f ormat, inclusive of citations and ref erences; f requency oferrors obstructs clarity f or reader (suggested: 3-4 errors per page)

Unacceptable use of APA f ormat, inclusive of citations and ref erences suggested:f ive or more errors per page;

0 / 0

Grammar/ usage/ mechanics (G/U/M)

Skills with G/U/M are strong (suggested: f ewer than 1 errors per page)

Skills with G/U/M are competent (suggested: f ewer than 1 errors per page)

Skills with G/U/M are adequate f or this level suggested: 2 errors per page)

Skills with G/U/M are inadequate; clarity and meaning are impaired (suggested: 3-5errors per page)

Skills with G/U/M are incompetent f or this level (suggested: 6 or more errors perpage)

Documents

2 Science (CVA).pdf (HSNS262) Written Assignment …...Atherosclerosis: major cause of CVA vThrombus formation & emboli development vAbnormal filtration of lipids in the intimal layer