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track record Project Reference

Index Test Results Australia Goldfields Gas Transmission Joint Venture 02 Australia Pilbara Pipeline 03 Canada Amoco Petroleum (Canada) Ltd. 04 Canada Esso Imperial Oil Resources 05 Canada Husky Oil 06 Canada Imperial Oil Resources Limited (Esso/Exxon) 07 China Beijing Natural Gas Transmission Company 08 Columbia Ocensa Oleoducto Central S.A. 09 Egypt Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company 10 India Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. 11 Malaysia Petronas PGU III 12 Pakistan Sui Northern Gas Ltd. 1 13 Pakistan Sui Northern Gas Ltd. 2 14 Poland Poland Country Market 15 U.A.E. Abu Dhabi National Oil Company 16 Saudi Arabia SWCC Al Jubail-Riyadh Line C Pipeline Project 17 Saudi Arabia SWCC Yanbu-Madina Pipeline Project 18 Turkey Tunus/Steg Project 19 Case History Australia Gas Pipeline to Spur Development 20 Saudi Arabia SWWC Saudi Arabia 22 Thailand Yadana Gas Pipeline project 24

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track record Test Results Goldfields Gas Transmission Joint Venture (GGTV) Western Australia Three-layer HDPE coating system System Novapol® HD-2079-BK H.D.P.E. (1200 microns)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 D (200 microns) Corro-Coat EP-F 1003 LD (150 microns)

Applicator Shaw Pipe Protection Pty. Limited Plants Port Hedland, Western Australia

Kembla Grange, New South Wales

Pipe product 1400 kms, 14 and 16 inch diameter Pipeline conditions Desert, extreme heat, 0°C to 50°C

42 year design life, soil temp @ 12°C – 36°C

Key test values (Canadian CSA Z-245.21-M92)

Characteristic Result UV resistance to 80°C 12 months minimum

Peel adhesion per CSA 12.4 / 12.5. 150 N min.

Cathodic disbondment per CSA 12.3 8mm maximum

1995. Novapol® is a registered trademark of NOVA Brands Ltd. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Pilbara Pipeline Karratha to Port Hedland Gas pipeline, Australia Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP black (1200 microns minimum)

Fusabond® adhesive 158 (250 microns minimum) Corro-Coat EP-F 2001 (75 microns minimum) (plus chromate pretreatment to steel)

Applicator Bredero Price (Malaysia) SDN BHD, Kuantan, Malaysia Pipe product 215 km x 18 inch diameter

seamless steel, made in Australia 12 km to be concrete coated pipe joints at 18 meter lengths

Test values

(Canadian CSA Z 245.21-M92 specification)

Characteristic Result Peel ahesion @ 30°C @ 60°C

450 N/25mm 150 N/25mm

Cathodic dsbondment (ASTM-G8) 48 hours at 55°C 6mm holiday; -1.5 volts 0 mm

June 1996. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Amoco Petroleum (Canada) Ltd. Northern Alberta Production Field, Canada Three Layer HDPE coating system System Nova® Sclair 35BP polyethylene (1500 micrometers)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 D (250 micrometers) Corro-Coat EP-F 1003HW

Applicator Garneau Inc., Nisku, Alberta, Canada Pipe product 10”, 12” and 16” pipe size, total pipe length: 25,000 meters Pipeline conditions Permafrost, frozen in winter, turning to soft sticky clay and mud in

summer. Had experienced failures with other types of coatings due to soil stress.

Key test results

in accordance with CSA Z245.21 Standard

Characteristic Result Peel Adhesion @ 23°C 200 to 250 N/25 mm

Cathodic disbondment, 48 hours @ 65°C, 1.5v 4.0 mm Flexibility @ -30°C Pass, 2.5 degree/pipe diameter Impact @ -30°C Pass, 3 J/mm thickness

Project completed in 1993. During construction, the pipeline contractor was pleased with the toughness and very low level of physical damage to the coating. The pipe works well in service. The soil stress has very little effect on the coating. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results ESSO Imperial Oil Resources Judy Creek and Swan Hills Production Field - Alberta, Canada Three-layer HDPE coating system System Nova® Sclair 5135B polyethylene (1100 micrometers)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 D (250 micrometers) Corro-Coat EP-F 1003HW

Applicator Garneau Inc., Nisku, Alberta, Canada Pipe product 10”, 12” and 16” pipe size, total pipe length: 50,000 meters Pipeline conditions The field is characterized by high temperature (up to 90°C) and

very aggressive soil conditions. ESSO used several different coatings before selecting the three-layer polyethylene applied by Garneau Inc. All other coatings have failed and the pipe had corroded and leaked. As a result the entire pipeline network had to be replaced at a large cost.

Key test results

in accordance with CSA Z245.21 Standard

Characteristic Result Peel adhesion 200 to 250 N/25 mm Cathodic disbondment 48 hours @ 65°C, 1.5v 2 to 4 mm

Shear Test (99°C, 18.6kg pressure, 7.8kg lateral) 0.5mm movement Flexibility @ -30°C Pass, 2.5 degree/pipe diameter Impact @ -30°C Pass, 3 J/mm thickness

Project completed between 1993 and 1995. New pipe coated with three-layer polyethylene coating performs very well at the service conditions. Excavation of bell holes after 2 and 3 years in service does not reveal any changes in the coating condition or does not indicate any corrosion of steel. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Husky Oil North Eastern Alberta Heavy Oil Reservoir, Canada Three-layer HDPE coating system System Nova® Sclair 35BP Polyethylene (1500 micrometers)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 D (250 micrometers) Corro-Coat EP-F 1003HW

Applicator Garneau Inc., Nisku, Alberta, Canada Pipe product 12” pipe size, total pipe length: 10,000 meters Pipeline conditions The oil needs to be recovered by steam injection method. Husky required a

coating that could withstand the conditions of high temperature and large temperature gradient.

Key test results

in accordance with CSA Z245.21 Standard

Characteristic Result Peel adhesion @ 23°C 200 to 250 N/25 mm

Cathodic disbondment, 48 hours @ 65°C, 1.5v 4 to 6 mm

Flexibility @ -30°C Pass, 2.5 degree/pipe diameter

Impact @ -30°C Pass, 3 J/mm thickness

Project completed in 1995. The coated pipe performs very well in service conditions. Consecutive testing by the corrosion engineers after putting the line in service did not show any problems. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Imperial Oil Resources Limited (Esso/Exxon) Alberta, Canada Three-layer HDPE coating system System Nova Chemicals H.D.P.E. (1.5mm thick)

Fusabond® adhesive 158 (0.25mm thick) Corro-Coat EP-F 1003HW epoxy (0.25mm thick) (plus chromate pretreatment to steel)

Applicator Pipe Coating Systems, Division of Garneau Inc., Nisku, Alberta, Canada Pipe product 20,000 meters 6, 8, 12 inch diameter Pipe conditions 85°C service; harsh and wet environment

Key test results

Characteristic Result Impact @ -30°C 5 joules/mm

Peel adhesion @ 23°C 200 to 350 N/25mm strip

Cathodic disbondment 48 hours @ 65°C 6mm holiday, -1.5 volts 1 – 2 mm

November 1994. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Beijing Natural Gas Transmission Company China Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP black (2650 microns)

Fusabond® E MB 158 D (250 microns) Corro-Coat EP-F 2001 (80 microns)

Applicator Panjin Hualong Petroleum Corrosion Protection Ltd., Qing Zian, China Plant equipment by Pipe Coating Systems, Canada

Pipe product 100kms, 24 inch diameter, spiral welded steel pipe

Test values (specification: China Q/B T 005 95 standard)

Characteristic Result Impact per Q/G D 0151.7 > 5 joules/mm Tensile @ yield 18 MPa and 860% Tensile @ break 27 MPa and 860% Flexibility (2.5°) per Q/G D 0151.6 No cracking Peel adhesion @ 23°C > 200 N/cm Cathodic disbondment (ASTM-G8) @ 65°C, 48 hours < 2mm

June 1996. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Ocensa Oleoducto Central S.A. Cusiana/Cupiagua Full Field Development Columbia, South America Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP (2700 microns min.)

Fusabond® 206 (200 microns min.) Pintuco Epoxy Primer D 2013 PR (150 microns min.)

Applicator Bredero Price Columbia BV, Santa Maria, Columbia Pipe product 30 and 36 inch diameter, 360 kms, 12 and 18 meter lengths

SAW x 65 steel pipe

Test values

Characteristic Result Peel adhesion 140 to 190 N/cm

Cathodic disbondment @ 65°C, 48 hours, 1.5 volts < 4.0 mm

Hot water soak @ 75°C, 48 hours No adhesion loss Flexibility @ 0°C, 2% strain Pass Impact > 150 in/lbs

June 1995. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company Cairo, Egypt High pressure gas transfer lines three-layer HDPE anti-corrosion coating system System 200 microns of Corro-Coat EP-F 1003HW

200 microns of Fusabond® E MB 158 2000 microns of Sclair® 35BP BK

Applicator Precision Tube Technology, Houston, Texas, USA Pipe product 4.577 outside diameter, 0.250 wall using carbon steel grade x 52

70,000 yield 27,076 meters coated

Key test results

Per CSA Z245.21-M92 Standard

Characteristic Result Peel adhesion (must be < 10mm/min peel rate)

15.3kg Pass

Cathodic disbondment (-1.5v: 6.4mm holiday) 28 days @ 20°C 28 days @ 65°C 28 days @ 80°C 2 days @ 65°C

6.5 mmr 22 mmr 22 mmr 2.6 mmr

Hot Water Soak (1000 hours @ 95°C) Adhesion Rating

#1 (cannot be removed)

Coated test samples easily meet the CSA Specification Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Mumbai, India Black oil pipeline project (high temperature service), New Delhi Three-layer polyethylene coating system System 100 to 110 microns Corro-Coat EP-F 2001

350 microns Fusabond® E MB 158 D adhesive 3 to 3.2mm Sclair® 35 BP high density polyethylene

Applicator PSL Holdings Limited, New Delhi, India Pipe product MS Seamless Pipe, 12.7” diameter, 7.1mm wall thickness,

19561.11 meters coated

Key test results Per DIN 30670 Standard

Characteristic Result Peel adhesion Pass

Impact Pass

Project completed August 1996. Coating material performance: SATISFACTORY. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Petronas Gas BHD, PGU III Sector 2 & 3 and Loop 1 Malaysia Three-layer HDPE exterior coating system System Epoxy primer Minimum 50 microns Corro-Coat EP-F 2001

Adhesive Minimum 150 microns Fusabond® EMB 158D Top coat 3000 microns HDPE Sclair® 35 BP (black)

**Steel pretreatment using Chromate Applicator Petro-Pipe Socotherm Coating Sdn. Bhd.

Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia Steel pipe product 914.4 mm diameter x 13.06 mm wall thickness

914.4 mm diameter x 10.88 mm wall thickness Steel Pipe manufactured by Hicom Petro-Pipe Sdn. Bhd. 170,000 meters

Girth weld coating Shrink sleeves

Key test results (Using Specification CAN/CSA-Z/245.21-M92/ASTM G8-85)

Characteristic Result Adhesion Peel strength (N/mm) @ 20 ± 3°C > 150 N/mm

Elongation and Tensile Strength (ASTM D638) @ 20 ± 3°C > 17.0 Mpa tensile stress at yield > 300% elongation at break

Cathodic disbondment, 48 hours @ 65°C ± 5°C, -1.5 volts < 10 mm Cathodic disbondment, 28 days, @ 20°C ± 5°C, -1.5 volts < 15 mm Melt flow index (before extrusion), 190°C / 2.16kg 0.15 - 0.80 g/10 minutes Heat Aging 100 ± 3°C for 2,400 hrs ± 24 hrs

> 65% of original tensile stress at yield > 150% of the original percentage of elongation at break

February 1998. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Sui Northern Gas Ltd. 1 Pakistan Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP

Fusabond® adhesive 158 Corro-Coat EP-F1003HW

Applicator Cresent Steel and Allied Products Pipe product 30 inch diameter, 14 mm wall

Test values

Characteristic Result Elongation (per ASTM 638) 1040% Tensile yield (per ASTM 638) 30.3 N/mm2 Peel adhesion @ 25°C (test terminated before failure) 220 N/cm Hot water soak (modified BGS PS/CW6 PART 1; APP.E tap water @ 85°C, immersed sample 100%, 7 days

No delamination, No loss of adhesion

Cathodic disbondment (modified ASTM G8) 12mm holiday, -1.5 volts, 3% Nacl @ 23°C, 28 days @ 80°C, 28 days

1.1 mmR

8-10 mmR

June 1992. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Sui Northern Gas Ltd. 2 Pakistan Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP H.D.P.E. black (2700 microns)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 D (250 microns) Corro-Coat EP-F 2001 (70 microns)

Applicator Crescent Steel and Allied Products, Karachi, Pakistan Pipe product 30 inch diameter S.A.W. helical seam made by

Crescent Steel and Allied Products

Test values per DIN 30670 specification

Characteristic Result Impact @ 26°C > 5 joules/mm

Peel adhesion @ 26°C 220 N/cm

Hot water soak, 28 days @ 85°C No adhesion loss

Indentation, per DIN specification < 0.03 mm Tensile stress at yield, per ASTM D638 30.3MPa Elongation (at break) 1040% Cathodic disbondment (ASTM-G8) @ 25°C, 48 hours, -1.5 volts @ 25°C, 28 days, -1.5 volts @ 80°C, 28 days, -1.5 volts

0 mm 2 mm 10 mm

June 1995. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Poland Country Market Polish Oil & Gas Client, Poland Three-layer HDPE coating system System H.D.P.E. Sclair® 35 BP black @ 1800 to 2500 microns

Fusabond® EMB 347 DG (powder) @ 250 microns Corro-Coat EP-F 2001 @ 100 microns

Applicator Izostal S.A., Zawadzkie, Poland Pipe product Various from 2 to 20 inch diameter

300,000 square meters in 1995 – 1996 Pipe conditions DIN 30670 Standard

Key test values

Characteristic Result Impact @ 25°C Pass

Peel adhesion @ 25°C 70 N/CM

Heat Aging @ 100°C/100 days 4% change of M.I.

Penetration @ 25°C 0.03 mm

June 1997 Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Abu Dhabi National Oil Company Bab-Maqta-Taweelah Gas Pipeline, United Arab Emirates Three-layer HDPE coating system System Corro-Coat EP-F 2013 (175 microns)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 (250 microns) Sclair® 35BP black H.D.P.E. (3,300 microns) (total thickness 3.73mm)

Applicator National Petroleum Construction Co., Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. Pipe product 36 inch diameter; 1.00 wall

Key test values

Characteristic Result Bond strength (N/cm) @ 25°C 386

Bond strength (N/cm) @ 50°C 124 Impact @ 25°C > 20 joules

Indentation @ 25°C 0.05 mm Peel adhesion (per DIN 30670, 1980) @ 25°C > 36.5 minutes

Cathodic disbondment* 6mm holiday, -1.5 volts; 3% sol. 14 days @ 70°C < 1 mm * Disbondmet test completed by independent lab, 1994 November 1995. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) Al Jubail – Riyadh line C project, Saudi Arabia Three-layer HDPE coating system System Corro-Coat EP-F100HW (200 microns)

Fusabond® adhesive E MB 158 (225 microns) Sclair® 35BP Black HDPE (3480 microns) (total minimum thickness 3.5mm)

Applicator Al Qahtani Pipe Coating Terminal Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Pipe product 80 inch diameter; WT 1.25”, 1.00” & 0.908”

Key test results as per DIN 30670, 1991 specifications

Characteristic Result Bond strength (N/cm) @ 25°C > 40 N/cm

Impact resistance @ 25°C > 18 Joules

Indentation 24 hours @ 25°C, 10N/mm2 0.06 mm

Elongation at break @ 25°C, 50 mm/min 654.0%

Cathodic disbondment (ASTM-G8) @ 25°C, -1.5v, 90 days 4.82 mmR

Cathodic disbondment (ASTM-G8) @ 25°C, -1.5v, 60 days 4.19 mmR

Cathodic disbondment (ASTM-G8) @ 25°C, -1.5v, 30 days 3.28 mm R

Cathodic disbondment (ASTM-G42) @ 65°C, -1.5v, 48 days 2.00 mm R

Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) Yanbu, Madina Pipeline Project, Saudi Arabia Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP

Fusabond® adhesive 158 Corro-Coat EP-F1003HW

Applicator Arabian Pipe Coating Company, Al Jubail Pipe product 52 to 60 inch diameter

Test values

Characteristic Result Penetration resistance 2.5 kg weight 1.8mm stylus @ 25°C 0.007 inches

Adhesion (per DIN 30670) @ 23°C – 17.5 kg @ 40°C – 10.0 kg

No peel off No peel off

Peel strength, transverse direction SCM width @ 27°C 65 kg Melt flow index (Sclair 25BP) Breaking elongation

0.36 DG/min 497%

Impact resistance, 25 mm diam. sphere 5 Nm/mm – tests, 25 ku holiday

No holidays

Resistance to aging by UV light 80 hours @ 60°C, 65% RH

0.38% No change

Cathodic disbondment (modified ASTM G8-90) 30 days 60 days

0 0

June 1994 Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Test Results Tunus/Steg Project Turkey Three-layer HDPE coating system System Sclair® 35BP

Fusabond® adhesive 158 Corro-Coat EP-F 2001 (average thickness: approximately 3 mm)

Applicator Mannesmann – Sumerbank Pipe product 20 inch diameter

Test values

Characteristic Result Penetration resistance 2.5 kg weight 24 hour @ 25°C, @ 10 N/mm2 pressure

0.11 mm

Peel adhesion @ 25°C 180 N/cm

Elongation @ 50mm/min @ 25°C 380%

Impact Resistance @ 1.53 kg, 1.0 m height, 30 blows okay

1993. Sclair® is a registered trademark of NOVA Chemicals Ltd. in Canada and of NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A. elsewhere. Fusabond® is a registered trademark of DuPont Canada Inc.

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track record Case History Gas pipeline to spur development in Western Australia The Goldfields Gas Transmission pipeline, completed in September 1996, has brought an abundant supply of clean, lower-cost energy to the resource-rich interior of Western Australia. Fed by gas from offshore fields, the pipeline runs from near the coast to Kalgoorlie in the interior, a distance of 857 miles (1,380 km). Buried along its entire route, the pipeline’s steel pipe is protected against corrosion by a rugged three-layer coating system consisting of Corro-Coat EP-F, adhesive and high density polyethylene. The pipeline is already feeding gas to six power stations with a combined generating capacity of 370 megawatts along the route. Electrical power costs to huge iron, gold, nickel and other mining and mineral processing operations in the interior region, served by the pipeline, are expected to drop 30 to 60 percent in the future. The pipeline will also supply gas fuel to homes and businesses in Kalgoorlie and other towns in the region. Currently operated with two compressor stations, the pipeline can deliver 82 terajoule of energy daily, but it has been designed for a daily capacity of 160 terajoule. Goldfields Gas Transmission Pty Ltd. (GGT) of West Perth manages the pipeline for a consortium of subsidiaries of three large mineral resource companies, WMC Resources Ltd., Normandy Mining and BHP Minerals.

Engineering marvel The pipeline construction was a massive engineering feat. Its 857 mile length exceeds the distance between New York and Chicago, yet it took just one year and six days to complete. Construction began in August 1996 and was completed in September 1997. During that time, temperatures ranged from just below freezing to a sizzling 50°C (122°F), and construction sites were on occasion struck by cyclones that caused extensive flooding. The total construction cost was 450 million Australian dollars, equivalent to about US$350 million. CMPS & F of Sydney had overall responsibility for engineering and procurement management. The main construction contractor was Saipem Australia. A team of about 600 people worked on the project.

New pipeline transports gas originating in offshore fields to mining and mineral-processing industries in the interior CASE HISTORY

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track recordThe construction required 78,000 lengths of pipe, each measuring 18 meters long by up to 16 inches in diameter. Tubemakers of Australia supplied the pipe used for the southern portion from a plant in New South Wales. Pipes for the northern portion came from overseas sources. Effective corrosion resistance To protect the pipe against corrosion, Bredero-Shaw Australia (formerly Shaw Pipe Protection Pty Ltd.) coated the pipe using its state-of-the art trilaminate system. It combines Fusion Bond Epoxy, a powerful interlaminar polyolefin adhesive and an outer layer of high density polyethylene. The coating was applied at two plants. Bredero-Shaw’s plant at Kembla Grange in New South Wales coated the pipe produced by Tubemakers of Australia. To coat pipes arriving from overseas, Bredero-Shaw set up a plant at Port Hedland on the coast of Western Australia. This plant was dismantled for use elsewhere after its part of the coating job was done. The three-layer pipe coating system consisted of:

150 micron (minimum) of FBE Corro-Coat 200 micron (minimum) of adhesive resin 1000 micron (minimum) of black high

density polyethylene

The epoxy component provides a high degree of protection against corrosion with its excellent fusion bond to steel and resistance to cathodic disbondment. The majority of the epoxy resin used for the project was supplied by Jotun Powder Coatings from its plant in Thailand. The grade used was EP-F 1003LD. During shipping and handling, the black high density polyethylene outer layer provided resistance to UV and mechanical damage. In this case, coated pipes were transported up to 1,000 km, much of the distance over gravel-surfaced roads. The outer coating thus had to provide protection against added potential for damage by vibration and stones thrown up from the roadway. In addition, the coated pipe was exposed to extreme desert heat with temperatures up to 50°C (122°F). The coating specifications established by CMPS & F were based on Canadian Standard CSA Z-245.21-M92. The standard establishes rigorous test values for minimum adhesion peel resistance of 150 Newton and a maximum cathodic disbondment radius of 8 mm. A leader in pipe coating The Bredero-Shaw Group was formed in 1996, uniting the operations of two world leaders in pipe coating technology, Shaw Pipe Protection and Bredero-Price. The Bredero-Shaw Group of companies has 35 plants in 18 countries in addition to a global project plant capability. The Group offers a wide range of products for pipeline coatings, linings, insulation systems and concrete weight coating. For additional information, please contact Bredrero-Shaw offices in Houston, Texas. Tel (1-713) 974-7211. Fax (1-713) 260-4500.

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track record Case History Rugged three-layer protects water pipeline An advanced three-layer anti-corrosion pipe coating system is playing a key role in the expansion of potable water supplies in Saudi Arabia. Using pipe protected with a layer each of Corro-Coat EP-F, adhesive polymer and high density polyethylene (HDPE), contractors are laying a 370-km high-capacity pipeline to deliver desalinated water from Yanbu on the Red Sea to Medina in the interior. Construction began in late 1994 and is scheduled for completion in early 1996. The pipeline is part of the first phase of a massive water development project coordinated by Saline Water Conservation Corp. (SWCC), Riyadh. Later stages of the project will involve additional pipelines and expansion of an existing desalination plant at Yanbu. Arabian Pipecoating Co. (APCO) of Al Khobar coated the pipe for the Yanbu-Medina line. In competing for the contract, APCO ran coating trials of 36- and 42inch diameter pipe for evaluation by SWCC and its engineering consultants. The company also documented the three-layer system’s major advantages over sintered polyethylene coatings previously used for such projects. The advantages include improved adhesion, greater resistance to cathodic disbondment, lower maintenance costs over the life of the pipeline and superior durability under severe field conditions.

The steel pipe used for the project was supplied by National Pipe Co. Ltd., of Al Khobar. Diameters range from 12 to 60 inches (305 to 1,524 mm). About 40% of the pipe used is 60-inch, possibly the largest ever made with an extrusion-applied coating. Each 15 meter length of it weighs 7 tons. APCO has successfully met the challenge of handling and coating such large-diameter pipe with consistent on-time delivery and compliance with SWCC’s rigorous engineering specifications. The company began coating pipe in late 1993 under a 20 month contract.

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track record The pipe is coated at APCO’s plant in Al Jubayl on the Persian Gulf, then trucked across the entire width of Saudi Arabia to Yanbu on the Red Sea, about 1,600 km by road over rugged desert terrain. In Yanbu, the pipe is lined with 1/2 inch (13 mm) of cement by Ramond Arabia Ltd. It is then transported out to the pipeline route. Under these severe conditions, the epoxy adhesive HDPE coating has demonstrated exceptional resistance to damage. Of the first 5,000 joints of 15m pipe delivered, only two suffered minor damage during transport and handling. Maximum protection The corrosion protection provided by the combination of epoxy, adhesive and polyethylene used for the Yanbu-Medina projects relies on the unique properties of each product. Fusion Bond Epoxy provides excellent adhesion to the steel pipe, resistance to cathodic disbondment and chemical resistance. The powder epoxy resin used is produced in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates. The HDPE outer layer has two functions. It guards against the penetration of moisture, and helps protect the epoxy coating from abrasion damage during handling and installation.

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track recordJP

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Case History Yadana Gas Pipeline project Thailand The Petroleum Authority of Thailand (PTT) has commissioned the development of the 240 kilometers Yadana gas pipeline in Thailand. The 42-inch diameter line extends from the Burmese border at Ban-I-Thong to Ratchburi, 100 kilometers southwest Bangkok. At Ratchburi, the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) plans to build a 4,600 megawatt power plant to run on the Yadana gas. The pipeline will be owned and operated by PTT. Scheduled for completion in mid 1998, it will deliver 525 million cubic feet of natural gas per day. The estimated capital cost of the pipeline and associated facilities is around $US400 million. The pipeline is protected against corrosion by Fusion Bond Epoxy powder coating. Jotun Powder Coatings factory based in Bangkok manufactured the Corro-Coat EP-F 1003 HW (formally called Valspar D1003HW) product. Bredero-Shaw’s plant in Thailand carried out the coating during 1996 and 1997. The pipe was then trucked to stockpile sites and double jointed prior to being transported up the right way. This operation was carried out with minimum damage. The coating was specified by OGP Technical Services of Malaysia who had the contract for engineering procurement and construction management. The Yadana pipeline is a critical component of Thailand’s natural gas transportation infrastructure and will play an important role in increasing natural gas utilization in South East Asia. It is particularly important to Thailand where energy demand has grown by roughly eight per cent per annum for the past ten years. Jotun Powder Coatings. Revised June 2005.