2 History of Commerce

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    COURSE 2 HISTORY OF COMMERCE

    PURPOSE:To "ind out ,*&R& ou are/

    Provides a histor line "rom the *ol !ible and #agna Carta to the 0revised

    constitution0

    'oo)ing up )e words in the dictionar will be a ma+or part in this course

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    There will be charts and diagrams o" )e issues which one must duplicate b

    demonstrating our )nowledge to our "ellow classmate

    FINAL PRODUCT1 The abilit to "ind out where ou stand and to )now the di""erencebetween a "iction and "act/ To know where you areat this moment in time/

    The purpose o" this second course is to help ou determine where you are. In order to dothis we begin deep in histor2 where we came "rom/ So2 we begin with histor "ound in the !ibleand continue "orward to present time/

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    3ou4ll "ind that there is a common thread woven throughout our entire histor and thatthread is commerce2 the merchant2 the mone-changer 5ban)s62 the law merchant2 i/e/2 the law o"commerce2 civil law and maritime law/

    This is not to sa that commerce is bad/ It does2 however2 sa that commerce brings withit the laws o" commerce/ ,herever commerce goes it brings laws that bind people into slaver/This can happen only if the people agree with it.

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    !an)s create mone toda out o" thin air7 then2 the charge2 we2 the people2 interest ontheir creation/ #erchants2 who produce noting2 sell our produce "or a larger pro"it than isreceived b the producer/ This can happen only if the people agree with it.

    Therea"ter2 the merchants and the ban)ers create laws2 through lawma)ers whom thecontrol2 that protect commerce and bind the people to obe/ This can happen only if the peopleagree with it.

    The o!" #e$%o &h'% o(()#% '% &h$& *e +o o& h$+!e o)# o* $,,$'#%-

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    This same scenario has happened "or more than 8999 ears throughout our histor/

    There is value in turning around and loo)ing at the past to uncover movements o" men inother ages2 because their behavior in that setting is )nown2 then the real meaning o" themovements o" men toda are exposed/

    0I" we consider the shortness o" human li"e2 and our limited )nowledge2 even o"what passes in our own time2 we must be sensible that we should be "orever children o"understanding2 were it not "or this invention2 which extends our experience to all pastages2 and to our improvement in wisdom2 as the had actuall laid under our observation/

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    Ch$#& $+ Re(e& T'.e L'e o, R'/h&%

    Read along the bottom line "or the dates certain laws were in e""ect/ Read upwards to thenext bloc) when each change too) place and b who en"orced those rights and laws/

    The $merican colonies gained independence b "orce o" arms and asserted their rights "orthe entire world b the Treat o" Peace in Paris France a"ter the Revolution2 b writing $rticles o"

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    Con"ederation/ The $rticles o" Con"ederation were replaced b a completel new sstem o"People4s 'aw under a written constitution/

    >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

    ? Co%&'&)&'o$! S)0#e.$(" The ? $merican Founders established a

    ? new )ind o" republic based on a? sstem o" 0Constitutional? supremac0/

    >>>>>>>>? ? The A#&'(!e% o, Co,e+e#$&'o $+ S&$&e S)0#e.$(" The $rticles o" Con"ederation

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    ? were adopted2 providing "or individual state? supremac0 and a committee o" the states

    >>>>>>>> ? "unctioning as a national congress/? P$#!'$.e&$#" S)0#e.$(" Parliament chose a Prime ?#inister who adopted a cabinet and selected all chie"? administrative o""icials with the @ing4s consent/ Thus2 the? !ritish established a republic structured on 0parliamentar

    >>>>>>>> ? supremac0? Eo!)&'o o, P$#!'$.e&$#" Po*e# Power developed Principle o"? no taxation without representation7 $ll laws b consent o"

    >>>>>>>>>> ? Parliament7 abilit to impeach @ing4s o""icers/?The great struggle to restore "reedom began with @ing Aohn signing the #agna?M$/$ C$#&$ Carta that guaranteed1 The people have unalienable right7

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    >>>>>>>>>>> ? The @ing must also obe the law/? Freedom and natural rights were lost when &ngland was? R)!e#% L$* con:uered b the (ormans in >>>>>> ? sub+ect to Ruler4s 'aw/?? Peo0!e% L$* The $nglo-Saxons extensivel developed People4s 'aw?$/D/89 ?

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    H'%&o#" o, &he L$* S)(&)#e ' A.e#'($ F#o. ee%'% &o P#e%e& &'.e-

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    This second course is to help ou determine Where You are. ,here ou are in terms o"our countr2 the laws o" our countr2 where and how the laws o" toda4s "orum o" laws cameabout/

    $nswer the "ollowing :uestions1

    ,ere ou born in the %(IT&D ST$T&S

    Do ou now live in the %(IT&D ST$T&S

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    ,hat is the soil beneath our "eet called

    ,rite our answers out in our note boo) and save to compare these with ouranswers a"ter ou "inish this course/

    Go to the Chart and Recent Time 'ine o" Rights that4s directl be"ore this "irst page/Stud that chart care"ull/

    0 DEFINITIONS / Read and de"ine each word2 as indicated2 in a standard dictionar 5STD62!lac)Hs 'aw Dictionar 5!'@S6 or a *ebrewGree) dictionar 5*&!GR@6 such as a StrongHs

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    Concordance/ ,rite out the appropriate de"inition to the right o" the word including thederivation/ Then demonstrate our understanding o" the word to a classmate/ ,hen ourclassmate can see that ou understand the concept o" the word then the will write their initialsnext to JDemoK/ See example below1

    *istor 5STD61 acts2 ideas2 or events that will or can shape the course o" the "uture/Derivation1 Gree) - historia2 learning or )nowing b in:uir/

    Demo>>>>>

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    Government1 5STD6

    Demo >>>>>>

    Do not proceed until ou have completed the above/ ,hen ou have "inished the aboveexercises2 let4s begin our +ourne through the pages o" our histor/

    'oo) bac) at the 0Chart and Recent Time 'ine o" Rights0/ 'et4s begin to brie"l analLeeach step in that chart/ !egin at the bottom o" the chart and wor) our wa up to the top/

    IN THE EINNIN

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    De"ine the "ollowing1

    Genesis 5STD61The root word "or 4Genesis4 in is @I(/ In the Gree) it is GI/ In Sumerian2 @I2 and means o" theearth7 the origin/

    !ible1 derivation bblos - boo)2 !blos2 a Phoenician cit "rom which paprus wasexported/

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    *ebrew 5STD61

    *ebrew 5*&!61 From the line o" &ber - B generations be"ore $braham/&ber1 to cross over/

    Sumer 5STD65Sumer was the land o" Shinar/ !ablon was a cit in Sumer6/

    !ablon 5*&!6 means con"usion7 to over"low7 to mix1 to "eed cattle 5Go6

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    #oses in *ebrew trans"ers to the Chaldean - #osheh1 to pull out o" the water/5Perhaps2 to pull out o" the sstem o" maritime commerce7 o" slaver6

    Israel 5STD6

    Israel 5*&!61 *e who rules as God

    Counselor 5&Lra 8161 *ebrew word meaning to advise2 deliberate or resolve2 devise/ 5same as the meaning o" $ttorne o" toda6

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    De"ine1 *eir2 Inheritance/

    8999 !C - Genesis has been translated "rom Sumerian scripts that have been unearthedonl decades ago in recentl discovered (ineveh and other areas o" theTigris&uphrates area in the mid-east/ These ancient scripts recorded on ba)edcla tablets date bac) to a civiliLation that was highl educated2 incrediblorganiLed and sociall advanced/

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    told to move to *aran under supreme guidance and "inall to Canaan wherethe Promised 'and was to become his children4s inheritance/

    9 !C - Isaac2 son o" $braham2 is born 5Genesis

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    "iction until the were destroed/ The had a sstem o" Commerce that includedcoined mone 5ban)s62 receipts2 titles2 seals2 signing and merchant law whichevolved into Roman 'aw2 then into Civil 'aw and later became #aritime 'aw/

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    =E !C/ - (ebuchadneLLar2 @ing o" !ablon2 capture Israelites and exile them to!ablon in the countr now called $ssria 5"ormerl Sumer6/

    = !C - #edo Persians con:uered !ablon and allowed some o" the Israelites to gobac) to their homeland and rebuild their temple that was destroed b!ablon/

    E !C - $ssrians 5!ablonians6 hire counselors 5attornes6 against the Israelites to"rustrate them in the building o" the temple and wea)ened their hands/ &Lra 81

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    !C - $lexander the Great captures !ablon "rom the #edes and released theremnant o" Israel bac) to their original homeland/

    899 !C - *ebrew disappears as a language and the Israelites became scattered or JlostKb repeated captures and enslavement b $ssria - hence Jthe lost tribes o"IsraelK/ #an believe remnants o" the Israelite tribes wandered to northern&urope and carried the !iblical laws with them/ #an also believe that$merica is the re-gathering o" the lost tribes o" Israel/

    B !C - Flavius Aulianus 5Aulian the $postate6 begins reign as &mperor o" Rome andsoon seiLes !ablon "rom $ssria adopting !ablonian 'aw 5civil and

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    maritime law6 to Roman 'aw/

    B< !C - Flavius Aulianus greatl reduced taxes b cutting court expenditure andcorruption/ *e was )illed in battle with the Persians/

    99 !C - Two Roman &mperors are assassinated "or passing usur laws/

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    destroed but the sstem the established lingers2 even to this da/

    = !C - !rutus assassinates Aulius Caesar as &mperor "or allowing Romangovernment to mint coins and ma)e mone plenti"ul in strong opposition o"private #one-changers 5ban)s and !ablon6/

    $D - Christ chases the mone changers 5ban)s6 out o" the temple and das later ischarged with blasphem b the Pharisees 5'awers6 and is cruci"ied/

    The Roman priesthood was later moved "rom Pergamos in &astern Tur)e to

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    Rome in Ital/

    (ow/ 'et4s begin our $merican *istor/

    $t the ver beginning2 the "irst on the scale2 ou4ll "ind 0The !ible0/ The !ible is the basiso" all 'aw on this Planet/

    Peo0!e% L$*

    De"ine the "ollowing words1 ,rite out our de"initions below the words/

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    unalienable 5!'@S67

    $nglo-Saxon 5STD67

    Demo the meaning o" divided7 balance7 limited "orm o" Government

    %ntil the eighth centur $/D/2 the $nglo-Saxons still practiced2 with a livel appreciation2most o" the ancient !iblical Principles which characteriLed the precepts o" People4s 'aw/ It was a

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    sstem designed to preserve and protect the unalienable rights o" the people/ $t the same time2provided a divided2 balanced2 limited "orm o" government/

    $s Thomas Ae""erson2 one o" the Founders o" the Declaration o" Independence2discovered2 the institutes o" the $nglo-Saxons were almost identical with those o" ancient Israel2which had the oldest sstem o" representative government )nown to histor/

    (ow2 let4s go upward to the next section/

    R)!e#% L$*

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    De"ine the "ollowing1 write out our de"initions in the space below the word/

    *enr I 5STD61

    Goldsmiths 5STD61

    ,illiam I/ 5STD61

    (ormans 5STD67

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    Civil 5!'@S61

    Demo>>>>>

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    (ow loo) upward on our chart to1

    M$/$ C$#&$

    De"ine the "ollowing and write our de"initions in the space below the word1

    Freeman 5!'@S6

    #agna Carta 5STD6/

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    5#agna means 'arge7 Carta means Charter2 hence large charter6/

    Drill1 De"ine the "ollowing words1 !aron7 invo)e7 covenant7 initial//

    !ecause @ing Aohn was one o" the most cruel and ruthless o" the (orman @ings2 the!arons united their "orces and compelled him to sign the "amous #agna Carta/ This was done ona hill at Runnmede2 &ngland and under the threat o" beheading @ing Aohn i" he did not sign thepaper/ The date was Aune

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    The #agna Carta not onl re"ers to the rights o" the barons2 but also ma)es "re:uentre"erence to the rights o" &nglish 0"reemen/0 The $merican Founders counted themselves"reemen and invo)ed the #agna Carta as a covenant on the part o" the @ing and his heirs thatthose rights would be respected/ This initial victor in the partial recover o" their rights becamethis third step in our histor/

    The #agna Carta is one o" the basis o" our laws in $merica/

    Eo!)&'o o, P$#!'$.e&$#" Po*e#

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    *ere we are going into an exhaustive illustration on the de"inition o" words/ This will giveou a better idea o" what is meant b de"ine a word/ ,e will go into all the derivations o" theword Parliament and parliamentar/ ,hen ou go into the derivations2 this will o"ten lead ouinto other derivations2 which ma lead ou to others2 etc// For this

    illustration2Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary !enth "dition.

    ,e4ll begin with the word 4Parliament4/

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    Parliament1 M par-la-ment also parl-a n N#&2/ "r OF parlement "r parler 5(ote1 this is the waou4ll "ind it in our dictionar/ These are our derivations and root words o" the wordparliament/ #& stands "or #iddle &nglish/ Fr2 stands "or French/ These are the root words ouneed to trace down to "ind the true and correct meaning o" this word/ ,e4ll loo) up these rootsand derivations a"ter the de"inition6 1- $ "ormal con"erence "or the discussion o" public a""airss#ecifically1 a council o" state in earl medieval &ngland/ 2-A: an assemblage o" the nobilit2clerg2 and commons called together b the !ritish sovereign as the supreme legislative bod inthe %nited @ingdom/ b- : a similar assemblage in another or state 3 $: the supreme legislativebod o" a usu ma+or political unit that is a continuing institution comprising a series o" individual

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    assemblages/ 3 : the !ritish *ouse o" Commons 4- One o" several principle courts o" +usticeexisting in France be"ore the revolution o"

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    will certainl change our understanding and our li"e/6/ 1- government b the best individuals orb a small privileged class/ 3 : a governing bod or upper class usuall made up an hereditarnobilit/ 4 : the aggregate o" those believed to be superior/

    (ext2 let4s loo) up the word 0common4 Common1 N#& commun2 "r/ OF '/ 5stands "or 'atin6communis -- more at #&$( 1: $: o" or relating to a communit at large 4 :characteriLedb a lac) o" privilege or special status 5 $: "alling below ordinar standards : lac)ing re"inement7CO$RS& 7 : o"2 relating to2 or being common stoc)/

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    $s we can see "rom the deviation above there is more at #&$(/ So we go to #&$(75we go to the second meaning listed/ Chec) out the root and the derivative here as well/ 6 #ean11 $: lac)ing distinction or eminence1 *%#!'& 2: lac)ing in mental discrimination 3 $: o" poorshabb in"erior :ualit or status : worth o" little regard1 CO(TPTI!'& 4: lac)ing dignitor honor1 !$S& 5 $: P&(%RIO%S2 STI(G3 : characteriLed b pett sel"ishness or malice(: causing trouble or bother1 &Q$TIO%S 6 : $S*$#&D

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    (ow we de"ine Parle1 1 $ a con"erence "or discussion and dispute : a con"erence with anenem/

    So parliament means a group o" people who believe themselves to be superior b theirown authorit2 ma)ing law in com"ort and seclusion2 without recourse or responsibilit to controlcommon people whom the consider to be o" in"erior :ualit and worth o" little regard/

    Communicate1 This also "its with the above2 so let4s explore this word as well/ 1- Share7 2- A:to conve )nowledge o" or in"ormation about2 ma)e )nown/ to reveal b clear signs/ 3 to

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    cause to pass "rom one to another/ Derivation1 "r. Communs common- more at #&$(/5see mean above6/

    The point o" this exercise o" communication is1 the so-called aristocrats do not wantcommunication to exist at the common level as it will endanger their sel"-appointed status/

    Demonstrate how the above e""ects our li"e/ >>>>>>>>/

    Drill1 de"ine the "ollowing words in our note boo)1 representative7 regain7 principle7secure7 impeach7 arrogant7 abusive7 violate/

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    The "oundations o" parliamentar government began to develop around

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    Shield/ 5in German tongue pronounced Roth chield2 i/e/ Rothschild6/ *e had "iveSons/

    During the reign o" two German @ings over &ngland 5George I and George II2 between

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    The parliament sstem in &ngland never rose above this step2 nor did its commonwealths2being Canada2 $ustralia and the others2 which "ollowed the same pattern/ There"ore2 man"rustrated &uropeans began the migration to J$mericaK in order to "ind spiritual and social"reedom/

    The A#&'(!e% o, Co,e+e#$&'o $+ S&$&e S)0#e.$("

    De"ine the words1 ,rite out our de"initions in the space below each word/

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    provincial 5STD61

    delegates 5!'@S6

    maxims 5!'@S6

    Demo what a maxim o" law is to our teammate/

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    DRI''1 Read the article o" Con"ederation be"ore going an "urther/ The can be obtained "romour local librar/

    It was onl in $merica that &nglishmen ac:uired the advantages o" this step/$merica was in the &nglish colonies/ This was where the "irst opportunit "or local or provincialassemblies were developed2 where the people elected the delegates/ This was "irst inaugurated inirginia as earl as

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    It was at this time that the colonies asserted their unalienable rights o" sel"-government bissuing the Declaration o" Independence to the @ing o" &ngland/ The people o" $merica thencon"ederated together as the %nited States/ Their "orm o" government was a con"ederatedrepublic2 where the states remained supreme/

    Prior to Revolution most commerce was done b barter and also b paper mone printedb di""erent states/ $ll o" it2 however2 was based on the production o" goods and services createdb the people/ $"ter the constitution was adopted2 onl gold and silver coin could be used asmone in the %nited States/ The ban)s2 under ban)ruptc and as creditor o" the %(IT&DST$T&S2 since

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    The Times o" 'ondon (ewspaper :uoted the "ollowing regarding "iat mone in

    $merica1 0I" this mischievous "inancial polic2 which has its origins in (orth$merica2 shall become endurrated down to a "ixture2 then that government will"urnish its own mone without cost/ It will pa o"" debts and be without debt/ Itwill have all the mone necessar to carr on its commerce/ It will becomeprosperous without precedent in the histor o" the world/ The brains2 and thewealth o" all the countries will go to (orth $merica/ That countr must bedestroed or it will destro ever #onarch on the globe/0M

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    DO(STR$T& to our teammate what societ would be li)e under the $rticles o"Con"ederation/ Reciprocate with our teammate/

    The De(!$#$&'o o, I+e0e+e(e

    The Revolutionar ,ar

    De"ine the "ollowing1

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    mone1 5STD6

    Demo "iat mone to our teammate/

    $merica2 b the Declaration o" Independence2 declared war on &ngland/*owever2 most people do not realiLe that the primar reason "or the war was notJtaxation without representationK2 but the "orced pament o" taxes to the @ing in gold not papermone/ $merica was "lourishing b using their own J"iat moneK sstem based onl on theirproduction - not a gold based sstem that could be manipulated b the @ing/ The @ing could notJcontrolK the "iat mone sstem and there"ore passed a law re:uiring one to pa taxes in gold

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    onl/ The @ing had most o" the gold - the colonies had little 5scarcitvalue62 unemplomentensued - and embittered souls cried "or war/

    $merica did win the Revolutionar war with &ngland/ There was a mal"unction2 however2in the plans "or $merica/ #one powers were waiting at the gate "rom the beginning/

    $lthough the !ritish &mpire2 as a world government2 lost the $merican Revolution2 thepower structure behind it did not lose the war/ The most visible o" the power structure identitieswas the &ast India Compan2 owned b the !an)ers and the Crown in 'ondon2 &ngland/ Thiswas an entirel private enterprise whose "lag was adopted b ueen &liLabeth in

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    happened to have thirteen red and white horiLontal stripes with a blue rectangle in its upper le"t-hand corner/

    ,hile the !ritish government lost the war in

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    DR$, $ DI$GR$# o" the Declaration o" Independence/ In include both$merica and &ngland/ $lso2 include people and actions ta)en/

    Co%&'&)&'o$! S)0#e.$("

    D#'!!: De"ine the words- people7 state7 Republic7 Democrac/ Demonstrate the powers o" 5a6 the State7 5b6 the %nited States7 5c6 the people/

    / ! what authorit is each power in number / authoriLed

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    Drill1 De"ine the "ollowing words in our noteboo)1 (ational7 Federal7 FederalGovernment7 (ational Government7 glitch7 and bi"urcated/

    !e"ore we get into the constitution2 let4s explore under what authorit the states and the"ederal government were created and established/

    $uthorit "or the $merican Constitution

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    an enabling clause/ From this point onward2 no constitution ma diminish2 in an manner2 thoserights alread established in the above six documents/

    (ext2 man2 or the people o" the various states2 created the state governments "or theprotection o" their rights/ The delegated certain authorit "rom the people powersb and through the state constitutions2 in order that the three branches o" government could

    properl carr out the dictates outlined in the constitutions to protect our rights/

    The States then created the %nited States/

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    The $merican Constitution created a new structure o" government that was established ona much higher plane than either the parliamentar sstem or the con"ederation o" states/ It was apeople4s 0constitutional republic20 where a certain amount o" power was delegated to the statesand a certain amount was delegated to the "ederal government/ The %nited States2 b wa o" theCongress o" the %nited States2 has certain powers delegated b the Constitution/ So "ar as theseveral States part to the Constitution are concerned2 the %nited States ma not exercise powernot delegated b the Constitution/ $ll power not delegated to the %nited States b theConstitution is reserved to the several States within their respective territorial borders -- or2 to thepeople/

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    The Constitution was pushed and supported b the ban)ers through their associates2 "ortheir own control over the %nited States o" $merica/ *ad the $rticles o" Con"ederation beencompleted and adopted2 instead o" the Constitution2 the ban)ers would have "ar less control thanthe achieved/

    Te S9)$#e M'!e%

    De"ine the word ColumbiaH/ This word and the "ollowing words to be de"ined in thissection are "rom ,&!ST&RS CO''&GI$T& DICTIO($R3

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    Columbia1 N(' 5new 'atin6 Christopher Columbus 5Originated in

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    District1 NF "rom #' districtus+urisdiction2 "rom distringerto distrain

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    cut phsiological but usual no morphological distinctions/ a/ inherited or inherent character2:ualit2 or disposition/

    5emphasis added on all o" the above de"initions6/

    &ote !he Columbia faction an (talian Organi)ation and Masonic grou# funded Christo#herColin who was renamed by the organi)ation as Christo#her Columbus circa *+,-s.!heColumbia factions symbol is a black do%e/ (t is also interesting to note that the (lluminati an(talian Masonic grou# was formed in *001 in $merica. 2oth of theses grou#s strictly adhere to

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    One o" the powers granted in the "ederal constitution is to the congress in $rticle

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    *0.!o make all laws which shall be necessary and #ro#er for carrying into e3ecution theforegoing #owers and all the new #owers %ested by this constitution in the go%ernment ofthe 7nited States or in any de#artment or officer thereof.

    Congress has absolute -- or what is described as plenar power/ This ismunicipal2 police power2 and the li)e/

    ,here does Congress have such plenar power Read again clauses

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    The U'&e+ S&$&e% '% $ $%$(&'o '& e;'%&% o!" o 0$0e# / It is a total "iction/ Itexists as an idea/ The various Republic States o" the %nion2 exist in substance and realit/ The%nited States onl ta)es on phsical realit a"ter Congress positivel activates constitutionalldelegated powers through statutes enacted in accordance with $rticle I section E o" theConstitution/ It is necessar "or ou to read that section/

    Demo >>>>> $rticle < Section

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    The Constitution was bifurcated. 2ifurcatedis de"ined as separated/ 5See the2ifurcatedChart at the end o" this course6/ ,e will call it bi"urcated because it is the separation "rom theoriginal +urisdiction as outlined in the $rticles o" Con"ederation/ $rticle I2 section =2 clauses

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    Th'% &'" %(o0e o, !e/'%!$&'e 0o*e#% '% &he o!" $)&ho#'&" #e!$&'/ &o 0eo0!e o, &he $#'o)%

    %&$&e%-

    This is the end o" part one o" the "irst course/ #a)e certain ou get together with ourpartner2 as) him or her :uestions regarding all the above/ See to it that each o" ou have de"inedall the words described to de"ine/ !oth o" ou need to )now that each has a good2 solid2understanding o" what ou have gone through thus "ar/

    DRI''7 Diagram $merica and mar) the areas o" +urisdiction o" the %(IT&D ST$T&S andDISTRICT OF CO'%#!I$/

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    The F'#%& N$&'o$! $< ' The U'&e+ S&$&e%

    De"ine 42ank'in !lac)s 'aw 8th/ 5ou need to read the entire de"inition which consists o" one "ullcolumn/ This has a lot o" re"erence to law and +udges and particularl to water2 i/e/ maritime2be"ore ou arrive at what ou thin) a ban) might be/ Read it care"ull because this will becomemore and more important later in these courses6/

    De"ine 4charter41 5!'@S6

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    One o" the "irst acts2 within two ears2 that President ,ashington did was to declare anemergenc/ ,illiam #orris with the help o" $lexander *amilton2 Secretar o" Treasur2 heavilpromoted the "irst national ban) 5!an) o" &ngland2 !ablon6 to legislation in order to create aprivate ban)/ In

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    er simple/ Since the Crown 5Rothschild6 was the creditor2 the demanded a privateban) to hold the securities o" the %nited States as the pledged assets to the Crown o" &ngland inorder to secure the debt to which the %nited States had de"aulted/ The holder o" the securitieswas the private ban)/ So under public international law2 the creditor nation "orced the %nitedStates to establish a private ban) to hold the securities as the collateral "or the loan/ $sthroughout histor2 !ablon "ollows wherever we go/

    DRI''1 Demonstrate to our teammate wh the First (ational !an) was chartered in the%(IT&D ST$T&S/

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    E)#o0e$ $

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    Thomas Ae""erson stated2 0I" the $merican people ever allow the previous ban)s to controlthe issue o" their currenc2 "irst b in"lation then b de"lation2 the ban)s and thecorporations which grow up around them will deprive the people o" all propert until theirchildren wa)e homeless on the Continent their "athers con:uered/0

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    De"ine the word in the space below the word1

    #ar:ue 5!'@S61

    Demo #ar:ue with our teammate>>>>>>The charter "or the private ban) was "or 9 ears-- or until around

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    ,as the attac) b &ngland on the ten miles s:uare an act o" war (o2 it was not/ %nderpublic international law2 what was an act o" war was the %nited States not extending the "irstnational ban) into the second national ban) to continue to maintain the securities on the unpaiddebt/ So when the %nited States did an act o" war b not giving the law"ul creditor his securitiesin a peace"ul manner2 the onl remed open under international law to the creditor was to come inon letters o" mar:ue and seiLe the assets to protect his loan/

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    Did the second national ban) get approved $bsolutel/ $"ter &ngland attac)ed thenation that was in de"ault2 the saw the light and enacted the second national ban)/ This was "oranother 9 ears2 which was to expire about

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    Title 5STD61

    $ttorn 5!'@S61

    $ttorne1 / / / with obligation to the courts and to the public2 not to the client and wherever theduties o" his client con"lict with those he owes as an o""icer o" the court in the administration o"+ustice2 the "ormer must ield to the later/ 5emphasis added67 Corpus Auris Scandium2

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    !$R 5acronm "or !ritish $ccreditation Regenc loo) up each o" these words6

    $ttornes are members o" the !$R/ The $merican !ar $ssociation is a branch o" the $#Council2 sole bar association in &ngland/ $ll laws2 toda in $merica2 are coprighted propert!ritish compan 2 all state Codes are private2 commercial2 !ritish-owned 0law0/ $ll attornes"ollow instruction "rom &ngland2 $ttorn2 twist and turn over their clients to the private law o" theban)ruptc/ That is their +ob/ That is their pledge to those whom the owe allegiance/

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    (ote1 ! de"inition2 the obligations and duties o" attornes extend to the court and the0public0 5government6 be"ore an mere 0client/0 Clients are 0wards o" the court0 and there"ore0persons o" unsound mind/0 See also 4client' 'wards of court'.

    De.oto our teammate the purpose o" an attorne/

    The O#'/'$! 13&hA.e+.e&

    5See Re"erence < at the bac) o" course "or more in"ormation o" the enactment o" the Original

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    There was also another important issue involved in that ,ar o"

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    the ground and all records destroed/ There4s a "amous painting in ,ashington D/C/ 5and it canbe "ound in man boo)s6 depicting the !ritish boarding a ship a"ter the 0surrendered0/ Thepainting showed the !ritish carring their ri"les as the mounted the gangplan)/ One must as)20,hat arm is allowed to )eep their weapons a"ter the surrender0 One must also as)2 0,horeall won that war0

    $s a result o" the accumulated debt o" waging that war2 a new !an) Charter was issued"or another 9 ears/

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    De.owh the

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    Constitution delegate authorit "or the %nited States to establish corporations2 particularl privatecorporations/

    There was not a national ban) established in $merica "or more than E ears2 until

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    The ban)ers hired an assassin to )ill $ndrew Aac)son using two pistols2 however the plot"ailed as both pistols mis"ired/

    $ndrew Aac)son violated public international law because he denied the creditor his +ustlien rights on the debtor/ *owever2 the ban)ers did not lend value 5substance62 so in actualitthe had an unper"ected lien so the law actuall did not appl/

    $ndrew Aac)son stated2 0 Controlling our currenc2 receiving our public mone2and holding thousands o" our citiLens in dependence / / / would be more

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    "ormidable and dangerous than a militar power o" the enem/0

    De.ohow $ndrew Aac)son a""ected our histor and what could have ta)en place had he notstood up the ban)ers/

    The C''! =$#

    De"ine sine die 5!'@S61

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    In

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    During and a"ter the Civil ,ar2 the e*

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    and issuing mone is not onl the supreme prerogative o" government2 but it is thegovernments4 greatest opportunit/0

    $"terwards2 he was murdered because he de"ied the ban)ers b printing interest "reemone to pa "or the war e""orts/

    The

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    $t this period o" time2 the onl people in the %nited States who were under the+urisdiction o" the private bi"urcated government o" the ten miles s:uare o" ,ashington/ D/C/2were the government emploees2 those within the territories owned b the %nited States and nowthe "ormer slaves/ The "ormer citiLens o" the South2 now 0captured0 became

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    De.ohow the Civil ,ar altered the constitution and a""ected us toda/

    UNITED STATES '(o#0o#$&e% ' E/!$+

    In

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    original constitution/ From here on out2 the %(IT&D ST$T&S was governed entirel b privatecorporate law2 dictated b the ban)s as creditors/

    De.ohow &ngland now in"luences or controls the %(IT&D ST$T&S through the constitution/

    Mo#e $

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    Then2 in

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