2 Hardware Installation of BTS Huawei

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    Huawei

    Hardware Installation Of BTS

    Course No.: QA-HI-008

    Compiled by: Engineering Center Service Management Dept.

    Issue Date: 2004-11-15

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    Huawei

    Table of Contents

    Introduction to BTS312

    Procedure to Install BTS312

    Install BTS312 Cabinet

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Introduction to BTS312

    Most GSM base stations are BTS312 presently.BTS30 is seldom used. The features of BTS312

    are as follows:Dimensions: 1880 mm 650 mm 500 mm (H WD)Weight (under full configuration of 12 TRXs): 330kgPower consumption (under full configuration of12 TRXs): 2400 WNormal working temperature: 1530 CNormal working humidity: 40%60%Transmitting frequency band (MHZ): BTS935~960 M1805~1880 MMS 890~815 M 1710~1785MA BTS cabinet consists of four subracks: onepublic resources subrack and three TRXcombiner and divider subracks from bottom up.

    A single BTS cabinet can hold up to 12 TRXs.Combined cabinets are used to achieve thesynchronous cells of more than 12 TRXs. Amongthe combined cabinets, the cabinet that includesthe TMU acts as the basic cabinet and the othersas the extended ones. The extended cabinetsreceive the time and maintenance signals

    through cables from the basic cabinet.

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    Huawei

    Introduction to BTS312

    RF schematic diagram of BTS312

    3 Typical CDU-involved configurations - 6 or S6/6/6 P8

    TTA (optional)

    A sector uses a dual polarization sectorized

    beam antenna (S6)An omnidirectional cell uses two single

    polarization omnidirectional antennas ( 6)

    Amplifier AmplifierFilter

    FilterDuplexer Duplexer Combiner

    Combiner CombinerCombiner Combiner 1-to-4

    divider

    1-to-4

    divider

    1-to-4

    divider

    1-to-4

    divider

    PA

    PA

    PA

    PA

    PA

    PA

    The left figureshows the majorparts of six TRXsof a sector or anomnidirectional

    cell.

    Only one SCUand thecorrespondingTRXs andconnectionaccessories needbe added to asector to expandS4/4/4 to S6/6/6.

    Antenna

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    Huawei

    Introduction to BTS312

    Overall system architecture of BTS312

    Mains

    Generator

    AC power

    distribution

    box

    ACU

    Rectifierunit

    Cabling rack

    BTS

    BTS DDF

    Transmission equipment(DDF, SDH, and microwave)

    Antenna stand

    Outdoor lightning

    protection groundDCU

    Battery

    DCpower

    distribution

    cabinet/box Cabinet

    Alarm

    collectionbox

    Feederwindow

    Feeder

    groundin

    gclip

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    Huawei

    Introduction to BTS312

    earthing of BTS312

    Tower

    Grounding bar Ground loop

    of towerOutdoor

    grounding barGround loop

    of building

    DC working

    grounding barAC grounding bar

    Rack (indoor)

    Protection

    grounding bar

    Building

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    Huawei

    Procedure to Install BTS312

    1. Preparation before installation

    1) Personnel preparation 2) Documentation preparation 3) Tools

    2. Check room conditions

    1) Building conditions 2) Environment conditions

    3) Power supply conditions

    4) Auxiliary equipment 5) Lightning protection and earthing

    3. Engineering plan

    1) Engineering interface 2) Engineering coordination and cooperation

    3) Engineering schedule

    4. Preparation after arrival at customer's location

    1) Engineering coordination meeting 2) View equipment room3) Unpack goods for inspection

    4) Enter goods in equipment room 5) Start installation and commissioning

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    Huawei

    Procedure to Install BTS312

    2. Install board

    4. Prepare and route

    outdoor jumper

    3. Install CDU

    1. Fix cabinet

    4. Install cables in

    cabinet

    8. Install lightningarrester

    7. Install trunk cables

    on DDF

    9. Prepare and route

    outdoor jumper

    5. Install power and

    earthing cables

    2. Install TTA

    (optional)

    6. Install power

    supply lightning

    arrester

    5. Install lightning

    protection earthing clip

    3. Route feeder

    Hardware installation

    check

    Clean up engineering

    documentation

    1. Install antenna

    6. Attach label

    Procedure to install BTS312

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    Huawei

    Install BTS312 Cabinet

    A BTS312 cabinet can be installed:

    On an antistatic floorOn a cement ground

    There are the following three possibilities of installing the cabinet on the

    cement ground according to the uniform load of the ground and the

    distance between the cabinet rear and the wall opposite.To install the cabinet far from the wall. This is applicable when the rear of

    the BTS312 cabinet is not less than 800 mm away from the wall opposite.

    To install the cabinet near the wall. This is applicable when the rear of the

    BTS312 cabinet is less that 800 mm away from the wall opposite.

    To install the cabinet on a large base. This is applicable when the uniformload of the ground is less than 4 kN/m2. The large base decreases the

    pressure of the cabinet pushing on the ground.

    The distance between the cabinet rear and the wall opposite cannot be less

    than 100 mm in consideration of heat dissipation.

    I t ll BTS312 C bi t P iti

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    Huawei

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Position

    Cabinet and Mark Lines

    Learn the uniform load of the ground in the equipment room and the weight of the

    cabinet and batteries (the weights of different types of batteries are different). Position

    the cabinet according to the reference dimensions in the engineering design drawings.

    Position several marking points using a tape measure. Mark two 370-mm-spaced lines

    parallel to the reference using a fountain pen. Position the mounting holes of the first

    cabinet on the two lines based on the design requirements. Mark the mounting holes of

    the other cabinets with these holes as a reference.

    Inner wall or reference body

    Cabinet door edge line

    Expansion bolt M12

    I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll

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    Huawei

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install

    Cabinet Near Wall

    Apply a base suite to connect the cabinet with the ground when installing the cabinet nearthe wall opposite to the cabinet rear. The suite consists of an upper frame and a lowerone. Fix the upper frame at the bottom of the cabinet. Fix the lower one on the cementground. Assemble the upper and lower frames to complete the installation.

    Lower frame

    Spring washer 12Insulation

    shell

    Mounting direction

    Gasket

    M12 nut

    Large plainwasher 12

    Insulation pad

    M12X 80 explosive expansion bolt

    Lower frame

    Upper frame

    I t ll BTS312 C bi t

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    Huawei

    Bolt M12X35

    Spring washer 12

    Insulation shell

    Large plain washer

    Upper frame

    of base suite

    Install BTS312 Cabinet

    Connect Combined Cabinets

    Connecting holes

    Shield cover and fastener of

    side panel

    Remove the shield cover andfastener from the side panelby which you want to combinethe cabinet with anothercabinet. Attach shield strip to

    the outer surface around theport.

    Place all the combinedcabinets in position. Alignthem closely. Connect themby inserting fasteners throughthe connecting holes (four) intheir side panels.

    I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll

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    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install

    Cabinet Far from Wall

    Align the mounting holes of the large basewith the corresponding expansion bolts. Fix

    the large base on the ground using nuts,spring washers, and plain washers. Tightenthe nuts to 45Nm. Pay attention to theinstallation direction of the cabinet. Becareful to mount the insulation washers andinsulation shells when installing the cabinet.Fix the cabinet on the large base using boltsand washers. Tighten the bolts to 45Nm. Besure to apply large plain washers rather

    than common ones.

    Apply a large base to decrease

    the pressure of the cabinet

    pushing on the ground when

    installing the cabinet far from the

    wall opposite to the cabinet rear.

    Extended base

    Extended base

    Connecting section steel

    Basic base

    I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll

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    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install

    Cabinet on Antistatic Floor

    Install BTS312 cabinet on antistatic floor

    Connecting holes for installing BTS312 cabinet

    Upper support

    Lower support

    Mounting hole

    Install BTS312 Cabinet

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    (1) Port for data bus (DCF1) (2) External alarm ports (EAC1, EAC2) (3) 120 E1 ports (TME1) (4)Port for battery management signal cable (PWRC) (5) Clock ports (CKB1, CKB2) (6) Port for data

    bus (DCF2) (7) 75 E1 port (TX, RX) (8) External synchronization clock port (SYNC) (9) Ports forcascading CDUs of combined cabinets (CDU) (10) Port for earthing cable of combined cabinets

    (SHELLGND) (11) Ports for external power cables(12) Feeder input port (ANT)

    Terminals on top of BTS312 cabinet

    Install BTS312 Cabinet

    Terminals on Cabinet Top

    I t ll BTS312 C bi t I t ll

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    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install

    Power Cable of Alarm Box

    The alarm box power cable has white,black and green cores.

    (1) Connect the OT terminal of the whitecore together with the blue -48V/+24Vpower cable to one filter binding post.

    (2) Connect the black core together withthe black -48V/+24V power cable to onefilter binding post.

    (3) Connect the green core together withthe yellow PGND cable to the PGNDscrew on the cabinet top.

    Note: For an environment monitor unit of220V AC power supply connect thecommunication ground to the PGNDscrew on the cabinet top. Connect the ACpower input cables still to the AC powerdistribution box.

    Panel of alarm box

    7 5. 5 %

    2 5. 5

    Other

    Water

    Door

    Photoelectricity

    Noise

    Infrared

    Fire

    Smoke

    Humidity

    Temperature

    April 8 10 : 23

    Dange

    r

    evacuation

    Alarm

    notification

    Alarm

    handling

    Norma

    l

    Lower

    temperature

    limit

    Upper

    temperature

    limit

    Lower

    humidity

    limit

    Upper

    humidity

    limit

    Setting

    s

    Times

    etting

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install

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    Huawei

    Huawei has adopted a new method to install the DC power supply

    lightning arrester and E1 lightning arrester of a BTS. Huawei

    replaces the existing power input box cover with a new one. The E1and power supply lightning arresters are designed to be in the new

    power input box cover (on the cabinet top).

    1. Install power supply lightning arrester

    Keep the -48V/+24V end of the power supply lightning arrester facing theopening of the protective ring. Keep its end with the earth sign away from

    the opening of the ring.

    2. Install E1 lightning arrester

    Keep the OUT/Equip end of all the E1 lightning arresters on the inner side

    of the lightning protection box cover. Keep their IN/Line end on the outer

    side of the box. The lightning arrester is useless when you install it in the

    opposite direction.

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install

    Lightning Arrester

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Static

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    Be sure to wear an antistatic wrist strap before touching the equipment or holding

    a plug board, circuit board or IC chip. Keep the other end of the antistatic wrist

    strap well grounded. This is to prevent your static electricity from damaging the

    sensitive components.

    The electrostatic discharge impairments can accumulate. The components are notdisabled when a slight impairment occurs. However, they will suddenly become

    disabled when cumulative impairments are caused. The electrostatic discharge

    impairments are divided into two kinds, dominant impairment and recessive

    impairment. You might not perceive a recessive impairment immediately it occurs.

    However, the impaired component will become more delicate and be in all

    likelihood damaged under over-voltage and high temperature conditions.

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Static

    Electricity Protection

    Connector of antistatic wrist strap

    Install BTS312 Cabinet

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    Huawei

    Huawei provides the RF cable suite according to the actual BTSconfiguration. Each cable has a number at either end, indicatingwhere the end shall be connected (make sure that the terminalsilkscreen on the panel is proper).

    1. Do not bend a cable sharply in a too small bending radius,risking damage on the cable. The appropriate bending radius isgreater than 3 cm. Screw a SMA load on an idle SMA port of acombiner/divider. Be careful to connect the matched load to anoutput port of a divider to avoid an open signal output circuitduring the service. Check the cable routing. Make sure that all RFconnectors are installed. Prevent dummy connection fromaffecting the system service.

    2. Tighten an RF connector using a spanner by appropriate force.Do not over-tighten or under-tighten it. Impart different torques todifferent types of connectors.

    The receiving cable from the divider output port of a CDU to theRX input port of a TRX has a SMA connector at either end. Thetransmitting cable from the power output port of a TRX to theTX1/TX2 port of a CDU has an N connector at either end. The soft

    jumper from the antenna receiving/transmitting port of a CDU to

    the top of the BTS312 cabinet has a 7/16DIN connector (to thecabinet top) and a N connector (to the CDU).

    Recommended torques for the various types of connectors are asfollows:

    SMA: 0.6~1.8 N?m Recommended tool and manufacturer: 74Z-0-0-21 (Huber-Suhner)

    N: 0.7~1.1 N?m Recommended tool and manufacturer: 74Z-0-0-

    193 (Huber-Suhner)7/16DIN: 25~30 N?m

    Install BTS312 Cabinet Install RF Cables

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    Huawei

    The antenna and feeder system plays an important role in providing air

    interface for the GSM BTS. Its engineering design and construction quality aredirectly related to the system performance of the entire BTS. Its installation is

    the major part of the BTS system installation. The antenna and feeder system

    installation normally consumes 70% of the entire engineering time. The

    installation methods and procedures of different types of antennas in different

    installation environments are different. The installation supervisor shall

    determine the installation method and procedure rationally and flexibly

    according to the engineering design documentation, the number of installation

    engineers, installation environment and antenna type. Your safety during the

    installation is also worth your much attention

    The antenna and feeder system consists of the antenna, primary feeder, jumper,lightning arrester, tower top amplifier (TTA), and combiner and divider module.

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Procedure

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    Check the installation site

    Get acquainted with the engineering design documentation

    Determine the installation method

    Install the sealing window

    Lift the antenna

    Install the TTA

    Cut feeders and attach temporary labels

    Prepare feeder connectors and attach labels to the outdoor

    part of the feeders Connect feeders with lightning arrester

    Install indoor jumpers

    Prepare and attach labels

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Procedure

    to Install Antenna and Feeder System

    Perform the following procedure to install the

    antenna and feeder system:

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Apply different methods to install different types of antennas.

    (1) Install a rod omnidirectional antenna on a mast at a side of the tower, on a stand ata side of the tower, at the center of the top of the tower, or on a mast on the top of thebuilding.

    (2) Install a panel directional antenna on a mast at a side of the tower, on a stand at aside of the tower, or on a master on the top of the building.

    A TTA has two 7/16DIN (female) RF ports. One is connected with the receiving antenna(marked with ANT). The other is connected with the BTS (marked with BTS). It isconnected with the 7/16DIN receiving RF port on the top cover plate of the cabinetthrough a jumper and feeder.

    Omnidirectional

    antenna Directionalantenna TTA appearance

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Determine Installation Method

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Install Antenna and Feeder System Lift Antenna

    Lift antenna and feeder

    Note: Take certain measures to protect the installation engineers and the antenna during the lifting.Wrap the antenna and feeder port to protect the port against paint peel-off and subsequent damage.Only an engineer that is in good conditions and does not catch acrophobia can get on the tower. Theengineer cannot drink before getting on the tower. The engineer shall use safety measures and getpersonal accident insurance.At least five engineers are required to lift the antenna and feeder on a tower. At least three engineersare required to route the feeder at the top of the building.

    Install the antenna and feeder system in a fine day without strong winds if possible.

    Windlass

    Object to thetower

    Pulley

    Pulley

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    The horizontal distance between an omnidirectional antenna and thelightning rod of the antenna shall be not less than 2.5 m at the top of the

    building.

    For a directional antenna the azimuth error shall be within 5 and theinclination error within 0.5.

    Antenna at building top

    Note:The area that extendsdownward at a 45angle allaround the peak of thelightning rod is the protectedarea of the lightning rod.

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Antenna at Building Top

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    An omnidirectional antenna shall be not lessthan 1.5 m away from the tower. A directional

    antenna shall be not less than 1 m away fromthe tower.

    The horizontal distance between the receivingand transmitting ends of an omnidirectionalantenna shall be not less than 3.5 m. Thedistance between the diversity receiving endsof a directional antenna shall be not less than4 m.

    The vertical distance between the receivingand transmitting ends of a directional antennashall be not less than 2.5 m. The verticaldistance between the directional antennas onone stand shall be not less than 0.5 m.

    The top of an omnidirectional antenna shall beon the same level as or slightly higher than thetop of the antenna stand.

    An omnidirectional antenna shall stand upright.Its vertical deviation shall be within 2.

    Antenna at tower top

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Antenna at Tower Top

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Install Antenna and Feeder System Adjust Angles of Antenna

    The error of antennaazimuth measurementof shall be within 0.50.

    Find mounting hole bymounting hole number

    Install

    directional

    antenna

    Find mounting hole bypitch angle of antenna

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Install

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    Suspend a lightning arrester between the horizontal

    crosspieces of the cabling rack. Cut the feeder a proper length

    apart according to the requirements for lightning arrest

    position in the engineering design drawings. The lightning frame is the discharge ground of a feeder

    lightning arrester. It is located physically indoors. It is actually

    a part of the earthing system of the antenna and feeder system.

    The lightning arrester is on the lightning frame and in

    continuity with the frame. Insulate the lightning frame from the

    cabling rack at a point about 1 m inside the feeder window

    entry. Lengthen the distance if it is difficult to achieve that.

    However, the point shall be as near as possible to the feederwindow. Connect the earthing cable of the lightning frame

    straight through the feeder window to the outdoor copper

    earthing bar.

    Lay the feeders of one sector in one row and arrange all the

    rows in consistent sequence when the feeders enter the room

    in the direction parallel to the cabinet or opposite to the

    cabinet rear. Lay the feeders of one section in one column and

    arrange all the columns in consistent sequence when thefeeders enter the room in the direction opposite to the cabinet

    front.

    Attach the antenna and feeder label at a point 5 cm

    from one end of the corresponding jumper. One

    label is enough on each jumper because the jumperis short.

    Feeder lightning arrester

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Install

    Feeder Lightning Arrester on Cabling Rack

    Lightningprotection Equipment

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Lead the earthing cable of a lightning earthing clip from the top down. The appropriate angle formed

    by the clip and the feeder is not greater than 15. Wind three layers of waterproof and insulationtape around the clip. Wind the first layer from the bottom up, the second from the top down, and

    the third from the bottom up.

    Connect the earthing cables of the lightning earthing clips outside to the outdoor earthing bar

    or well-grounded outdoor cabling rack.

    Peel the antirust paint off the grounded point of the cabling rack. Recoat the point with antirust

    paint after installing the earthing cable. Coat all the exposed connectors that are difficult to be

    wrapped in insulation tape with antirust paint to guarantee good contact.

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Install Lightning earthing Clip

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Prepare 7/8" antenna and feeder connector(See the installation manual for more details)

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Prepare Antenna and Feeder Connector

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Install Antenna and Feeder System Route Antenna and Feeder Outdoors

    Add a grounding clip to a feeder that

    runs over 20 m at the building top

    Apply a 7/8" feeder if the feeder need

    run less than 70 m and a 5/4" feeder if

    the feeder need run over 70 m

    Ground the outdoor cabling rack

    Outdoor grounding cable

    Make a water curve for the feederoutside the feeder window entry

    Outdoor grounding bar

    Primary feeder Building top

    Feederwindow

    Feeder clip

    There are two types of feederfixing clip: 7/8" and 5/4". Each

    type can be further divided in two:

    1-in-1 and 3-in-1. Mount a fixing

    clip every two m of the feeder.

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    Make a water curve for the antenna and

    feeder outside the feeder window entry.

    Installed antenna and feeder

    nameplates

    Installed 3-in-1 feeder clip

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Route Antenna and Feeder

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    (1) The letters on the feeder nameplates are described as follows:TX: transmittingRX: receivingRXD: receiving diversity

    TRX: transmitting and receiving(2) The digits following the letters are described as follows:For an omnidirectional cell only one digit follows the letters. It indicates thetributary number.For a directional cell two digits follow the letters. The former and latter digitsrespectively indicate the cell number and tributary number.

    Install Antenna and Feeder System Feeder Nameplate

    Install Antenna and Feeder System

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    1. Mount the feeder earthing clips at the following points:

    1) Within 1 m of the primary feeder after the feeder leaves the tower platform

    2) Within 1 m of the primary feeder before the feeder leaves the cabling rack

    3) Outside the feeder window entry

    4) Every 25~35 m when the tower is over 60 m high

    5) Every 30 m of the feeder at the building topOutdoor earthing cable

    sta te a a d eede SysteOutline of Antenna and Feeder System

    * Install an antenna on a positionaccording to the design requirements

    * Install the antenna in the protected area ofthe lightning rod (downward at a 45 angle allaround the peak of the lightning rod)

    * Connect the antenna standand the tower securely

    Grounded at the point within 1 moutside the platform

    Fix a feeder grounding clip well to the nearby part of the towerLead the grounding cable of a feeder grounding clip from thetop down. The appropriate angle formed by the clip and the

    feeder is not greater than 15

    Add a grounding clip to the middle of thetower that is over 60 m high

    Do not bend or kink a feeder and jumperNo copper sheet is exposed

    Install the primary feeder and jumperproperly

    The feeder connectors are standard,secure and waterproof

    Arranges the feeders and jumpers neatly.Do not cross them.

    *Nameplate of outdoor feeder

    Grounded at the point within 1 m inside the

    Add a grounding clip to the middle of thecabling rack that is over 1 m long

    Grounded at the point within 1 moutside the feeder window

    Keep the feeder window well sealed

    Outdoor grounding cable

    Feeder window

    Outdoor lightning protection groundOutdoor grounding bar

    Towerground

    20 times of the minimum bendingof feeder pipes and jumpers

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    Thanks