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Seeds & Germination
Plant: Impatiens
Term: Cultivar
Impatiens wallerianaBusy Lizzy• Plant type: Annual in Virginia, Perennial* • USDA Hardiness Zones: *10a to 11a • Height: 6" to 24" Spread: 12" to 24" • Exposure: shade to partial sun • Bloom Color: Orange, Pink, Red, White • Bloom Time: Late spring to Early fall • Leaf Color: Green, Variegated • Uses: Bedding plant, containers
• Propagate by seed or cuttings• Seed need light to germinate• Next month -we’ll grow doubles from plugs
Cultivar
• Contraction of “cultivated variety”. A plant bred through cultivation. May be trademarked.
• Names are written in quotes.
• Examples are apples:– Prunus domestica, ‘Fuji’, ‘Golden Delicious’,
‘Granny Smith’
Plant Names
• Kingdom• Phlylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species• Variety or Cultivar• Form
• Major Taxa – don’t use in the name
• Minor Taxa – do use in the botanical name for the plant
Sweet Pea Example
• Genus• Species• Cultivar• Form
• Lathyrus• oderatus• “Royal”• n/a
Lathyrus oderatus “Royal”
Plant ClassificationsTextbook Page 61 – 63
Write the descriptions (3-4 words)
• Stems– Herb– Shrub– Tree
• Foliage– Deciduous– Evergreen
• Stem Type– Woody– Herbaceous
• Hardiness– Tender– Hardy
• Cotyledons– Monocots– Dicots
• Use– Edible– Ornamental
Seeds
Flowers
Complete
Pollination – sexual reporduction
Seed Structure
• A – Seed coat
• B – Endosperm
• C – Cotyledon
• D – Hypocotyl– Epicotyl - stem– Radicle - root
Germination
• Process
• 1. Seed absorbs water
• 2. Seeds proteins activated
• 3. Radicle (root) emerges
• 4. Plumule or embryonic shoot emerges
• 5. Leaves form and food production begins
Movie
• http://plantsinmotion.bio.indiana.edu/plantmotion/earlygrowth/germination/germ.html
Germination
• Different seeds have different conditions for germination
• Some need a cold period
• Some need light or dark
• Some need a certain temperature
• Some need an opening in the seed coat
• All need moisture
Plant Life Cycles
Vegetative
Reproductive
Dormancy
Annuals
• Germinate from seed• Grow to Maturity• Flower• Produce Seeds• Die
• All in one growing season
Annuals are planted for short-term seasonal color
Biennials –Complete life cycle in 2 years
• 1st year– Summer – vegetative
growth– Winter - dormancy
• 2nd Year– Flower– Produce Fruit– Die
Examples: Blackberries, Cabbage, Hollyhocks
Perennials
• Live for 3 or more seasons
• The above ground portion may die in the winter, but new growth will resprout the next spring
• Examples: Butterfly Bush, Daffodils, Black-eyed Susan, vines, trees
Today
• Start Impatiens• www.ballhort.com• Search Growers• Culture Sheet• Key points:
– Needs light to germinate– Sow on the surface of tray– Moderate temperatures– Media must be SATURATED