21 Montezuma Quail

ART

ART

“Bird-Man of Lascaux”(17,000 yrs ago)

ARTEgypt

19

20

Cambodia

21Australia

ART

22

Inca

23

Aztec

18

Pacific Northwest

Inuit 24

Navajo

25

ART

DANCEChoctaw Eagle Dance

26

Taos Eagle Dance

27

DANCE

31

“Swan Lake”

LITERATURE

28

LITERATURE

29

FILMS

31 43

CARTOONS

32

9

10

Great AukFOOD

8

Neanderthal (50,000-90,000 yrs ago)

First Duck Decoys (3,500 to 1,000 years ago)

FOOD

(Lovelock Cave, Nevada)

11

FOOD

Chicken Domestication:• India: 3200 B.C.• Egypt: 1500 B.C.

(Red Junglefowl)20

FOOD 13

14

15

16

Cortes Expedition (1519)

“Ornithology” – Study of Birds

3

Aristotle(324 – 322 BC)

4

56

Aristotle: Nest Parasitism

European Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)

Aristotle: Migration

7

“THE ART OF FALCONRY” Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen (1248)

Christopher Columbus (1492)

Oct. 8 – There were many small

Land-birds and {the sailors] took

one which was flying to the south-west.

There were jays, ducks, and a pelican.

(Observations in the Bahamas)

Cabeza de Vaca (1528)(Observations in Florida)

“Geese in great numbers. Ducks, mallards,

royal ducks, flycatchers, night herons and

Partridges abound. We saw many falcons,

Gerfalcons, sparrowhawks, merlins”

Castenada (1541-1542)

• Observed turkeys and eagles in Arizona

• Observed cranes, geese, crows, and blackbirds •in New Mexico

(Coronado Expedition)

John White (1585)(Roanoke, VA Colony)

34

Paints series of watercolorsof birds (not shown)

William Bradford (1630-1646)(Governor of Plymouth, MA colony)

33

Noted abundant wild turkey

and waterfowl populations in 1621,

decreases in waterfowl populations’

thereafter.

35 36

“The Ornithology of Francis Willughby”

Francis Willughby (1678)

37

“The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands”

Mark Catesby (1712-1719; 1722-1726)

Eagle proposed as Official Symbol of the United States (1776)

38

39

Alexander Wilson (early 1800s)“American Ornithology” (8 volumes)

*320 Species of American Birds on 76 Plates (Crowded)

*Detailed observations, notes on colors of fresh specimens, etc.

Wilson’s Warbler

50

John James Audubon (1827-1838)“Birds of America”(4 Volumes, 435 Engravings)

40 41

• Birds painted from fresh specimens• Birds often painted in habitat context

51

52

Audubon’s OrioleYellow-Rumped Warbler

(Audubon’s Warbler)

44

45

Lewis and Clark Expedition (Early 1800s)

46

47

Lewis and Clark (Continued)

4849

Lewis’s Woodpecker Clark’s Nutcracker

Additional Expeditions West (1800s)

5352

55

Baird’s SparrowCassin’s Finch

54

American Ornithological Union (AOU)

56

(National Organization formed in 1883 by 23 men)

• Committee on Bird Migration

• Committee on Classificationand Nomenclature

• Committee on Conservation

• Publish “The Auk”

61

AOU: Large Scale Collection of Census Data

6970

AOU: Bird Banding

5758

“Clark’s Grebe” “Western Grebe”

“Western Grebe”

OR

AOU Decision

“Green Heron”, “Green-Backed Heron”

59

60

“Northern Oriole”, “Baltimore Oriole”

AOU Decision

62

AOU: Concern over Bird Population Decline

Passenger Pigeon

Carolina Parakeet

Audubon Society (Formed in late 1800s)

63

• Similar to AOU

• Emphasis on Local Chapters

• Focus on Public Awareness

• Sponsor Christmas Bird Count

• Publish Audubon Magazine

64

65

Feather Ornamentation

66

Field Guides (Early 1900s)

68

67

• Emphasis on Key Characteristics

Ornithology as an Academic Pursuit(Early 1900s)

71

Speciation

74

Intraspecific Competition

Interspecific Competition, Niche Partitioning

Breeding Systems

Cooperative Breeding

Class Aves (Birds)

~ 9700 Species Worldwide

~31 Orders

~ 175 Families

Order Sphenisciformes (Penguins)

•Emperor Penguins dive up to 1600 ft and hold breaths for up to 15 minutes

77

Order Opisthocomiformres

• Young hoatzins have claws for climbing trees• Hoatzins have “ruminant guts” for digesting food

Order Caprimulgiformes

• OIlbirds use echolocation to navigate within caves

Order Charadriiformes

• Arctic Terns migrate 22,000 miles from pole to pole

Order Falconiformes

• Peregrine falcons can fly 100 - 270 mph!

Order Falconiformes

• Ruppell’s Vulture can soar up to 37,000 ft

2 http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/sisterwendy/works/images/mfa_mim.jpg

1 http://www.dl-digital.com/images/West-Texas/DSC_3249-bird-quail1.jpg

3 http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/ponyexpress/pony13_1/PE131steadmanbird_web.jpg

4 http://www.stenudd.com/myth/greek/images/aristotle.jpg

5 http://www.science-art.com/gallery/58/58_618200361913.jpg

6 http://www.retamatour.com/web/02web/fauna/fichas/fotos/aves/Cuculus-canorus01.jpg

7 http://breakspics.mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/ 07barnaclegoose1flyfairisle.jpg

8 http://www.rdg.ac.uk/biomim/personal/richard/guinea_bones.jpg

9 http://www.todayinsci.com/Events/Animals/GreatAuk.jpg

10 http://a.abcnews.com/images/Technology/nm_neanderthal_071018_ms.jpg

11 http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/images/duck.gif

12 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Red_junglefowl_hm.jpg

13 http://www.pbs.org/conquistadors/images/cortes_pix/cortes4_3.jpg

14 http://chipolaalpacas.com/db5/00414/chipolaalpacas.com/_uimages/ ocollatedturkey.jpg

15 http://www.wilsonsalmanac.com/images/cortes1.jpg

16 http://www.surfnetkids.com/images/thanksgiving-turkey.jpg

17 http://watarts.uwaterloo.ca/~acheyne/bird_files/image001.jpg

18 http://www.totem-pole.net/images/totem_pole_3.jpg

19 http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/1200327/ 2/istockphoto_1200327_egyptian_symbols.jpg

20 http://angkorblog.com/db1/00087/angkorblog.com/_uimages/ Garudaportraitfront.jpg

21 http://www.karinya.com/images/Emu1.jpg

22 http://www.ulb.ac.be/philo/ychsma/en/images/detail-textile.gif

23 http://www.logosportswear.com/cgi-images/MI1724.JPG

24 http://www.arcticravengallery.com/inuit/images_07/TSharkey_Bird_C.jpg

25 http://www.plexusowls.com/owls/owlart_kuchina.jpg

26 http://americanart.si.edu/images/1985/1985.66.449_1b.jpg

27 http://blankinship-web.com/intertribal/P_de_Taos_Eagle_Dancers_003.jpg

28 http://images.amazon.com/images/P/0061120081.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg

29 http://www.nebraskahistory.org/images/oversite/store/catalog4/ the_song_of_the_lark.jpg

30 http://site.missiondelrey.com/images/semanasanta.jpg

31 http://www.balet.by/performances/swan_lake2.jpg

32 http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/t/3/t3b/Tom'smediafolder/media%20SpCom%20415%20Spring%202000/Pagliabirdslarge.jpg

33 http://www.etsu.edu/cas/history/resources/Private/Faculty/ Fac_To1877ChapterDocFiles/ChapterImages/Ch3Bradford.jpg

34 http://www.she-philosopher.com/images/gallery/exhibits/ PomeiockCLR(1460x1430).jpg

35 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb /a/a9/300px-Francis-Willughby-001.jpg

36 http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/libraries/rare/modernity/images/ willughby3-1.jpg

37 http://www.learner.org/jnorth/images/graphics/a-b/RedwingCatesby.jpg

38 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/ b/b7/230px-Wilson_Alexander_1766-1813.jpg

39 http://www.audubonart.com/images/Catalog/wil/wil_050_01.jpg

40 http://www.ursusbooks.com/thumbnail.php?img=./itemimages/28256a.jpg&maxwidth=700

41 http://www.amphilsoc.org/library/mole/a/audubon.jpg

42 http://spencer.lib.ku.edu/exhibits/gould/titlepic%20copy.jpg

43 http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/5195D5V94QL._AA280_.jpg

44 http://www.gearthblog.com/images/lewisandclark.jpg

45 http://celebrating200years.noaa.gov/magazine/lewis_clark/lewis_clark_569.jpg

46 http://www.eicsd.k12.ny.us/staffweb/jdejohn/Social%20Studies/Lewis%20and%20clark/bird%20lewis%20and%20clark.jpg

47 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/images/calmsp6a.jpg

48 http://www.mcssb.com/photos/Birds/ClarksNutcracker.jpg

49 http://www.monasheetourism.com/Pictures/Lewis_s_Woodpecker.jpg

50 http://pie.midco.net/tigerbeetle/TigerBeetle/miscphotos/Colorado/ Wilson's%20warbler.jpg

51 http://birdsbybaranoff.com/images/06sb0460-1-audubon-oriole-a.jpg

52 http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/3280372/2/istockphoto_3280372_yellow_rumped_warbler_audubon_s.jpg

53 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/a/a7/Uploco.jpg

55 http://content.ornith.cornell.edu/UEWebApp/images/GWL_021104_00595B_S.jpg

54 http://research.unc.edu/endeavors/fall2005/images/finch.jpg

56 http://www.nmnh.si.edu/BIRDNET/OC/AOUWP.GIF

57 http://sdakotabirds.com/species/photos/western_grebe.jpg

58 http://www.towhee.net/hf-images/len-blumin/cl-grebe.jpg

59 http://www.fnal.gov/ecology/wildlife/pics/Green_Heron.jpg

60 http://www.learner.org/jnorth/www/graphics/oriole.19.jpg

61 http://www.lib.niu.edu/ipo/2000/oi0012123.jpg

62 http://www.carolinanature.com/birds/capapapi3807.jpg

63 http://www.dayton.net/audubon/minlogo3.jpg

64 http://americanhistory.si.edu/feather/images/A2l.jpg

65 http://www.ibrrc.org/images/birds/egret_snowy.jpg

66 http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41PEYGBJ9AL._AA240_.jpg

67 http://ohioheritage.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/anhinaillus.jpg

68 http://birdfreak.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/rtp.jpg

69 http://www.tetonscience.org/blogs/GS/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/banding1.jpg

70 http://www.sdgfp.info/Wildlife/Diversity/birdbanding/catbird_band.jpg

71 http://www.eagleoptics.com/images/Articles07/cornell_sponsor_200px.jpg

72 http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Images/PopGen/darwin_finches.jpg

73 http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_27/39_20.GIF

74 http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/birds/ohio_birds/images/red_wing_males_03_07_04_c-45.jpg

75 http://www.sibleynaturecenter.org/photoessays/prairiechickens/07.jpg

76 http://pictopia.com/perl/get_image?provider_id=318&size=550x550_mb&ptp_photo_id=271547