1

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT

FOR DISSERTATION SUBMITTED BY

Mrs Saumyavs 1st yr M Sc (Nursing)

Paediatric Nursing

2011-2013 BATCH

Sarvodaya College Of Nursing

Bangalore

2

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BANGALORE KARNATAKA

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND

ADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYAVS1st Year M Sc NursingSarvodaya college of nursing 112Magadi Main RoadAgrahara DasarahalliBangalore560079

2 NAME OF THE INSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of NursingBangalore

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT 1st Year M Sc Nursing Paediatric Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE COURSE 15102011

5 TITLE OF THE TOPIC ldquoA Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Awareness programme on Disaster preparedness Among students in selected school of Bangalorersquorsquo

6 BRIEF RESUME OF THE WORK60 INTRODUCTION 61 NEED FOR THE STUDY62 REVIEW OF LITERATURE621 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY63 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 631 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS632 ASSUMPTION633 HYPOTHESIS634 SAMPLING CRITERIA

EnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosed

7 MATERIALS AND METHODS71 Sources of data Data will be collected from High school children72 Method of data collection Survey approach73 If Does the study require any investigations of interventions to be conducted on

the patients or other human being or animals -NO

74 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution YES the Ethical Clearance has been enclosed

1

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

2

KARNATAKA BANGALORE

PROFORMAFOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE

ampADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYA VS

MscNursing (1st year) Sarvodaya College of Nursing 112 Agrahara Dasarahalli near Raheja Apartments Magadi road Bangalore-560079

2 NAME OF THEINSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of Nursing Bangalore- 560044

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND

SUBJECT

1st Year Msc nursing

Paediatric Health Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE

COURSE

15102011

5 TITLE OF THE STUDY ldquoA STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORErdquo

INTRODUCTION

3

lsquorsquo A STICH IN TIME SAVES NINErsquorsquo

Disaster means an occurance causing widespread destruction and distress The root of the word

disaster [lsquorsquobar star rsquorsquoin Greek] comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to refer to

the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster1 [D-Destruction I-Incidents S-Suffering A-

Adminisrative S-Sentiments T-Tragedies E-Eruption of communicable diseases R-Research

programme and its implementation] 1a)

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage loss and destruction and devastation to

life and property The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical

location climate and the type of the earth surfacedegree of vulnerability This influences the mental

socio-economic political and cultural state of the affected area2

Disaster completely disrupts the normal day to day life negatively influences the emergency

systems normal needs and processes like food shelter health etc are affected and deteriorate

depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster It may also be termed as ldquoa serious disruption

of the functioning of society causing widespread human material or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resourcesrdquoThus a disaster may have

the following main features - Unpredictability Unfamiliarity Speed Urgency Uncertainty and

Threat3

Disaster are of two types natural and manmade based on devastation Natural disasters are

earthquakes floods and flash floods hurricanes tornadoes thunder storms snow ice and winter

storms heat wave and drought landslides and mud flows tsunami and other tidal action volcanoes

wild fires etc manmade disasters are nuclear and radiological accidents home and building fires

4

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

2

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BANGALORE KARNATAKA

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND

ADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYAVS1st Year M Sc NursingSarvodaya college of nursing 112Magadi Main RoadAgrahara DasarahalliBangalore560079

2 NAME OF THE INSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of NursingBangalore

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT 1st Year M Sc Nursing Paediatric Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE COURSE 15102011

5 TITLE OF THE TOPIC ldquoA Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Awareness programme on Disaster preparedness Among students in selected school of Bangalorersquorsquo

6 BRIEF RESUME OF THE WORK60 INTRODUCTION 61 NEED FOR THE STUDY62 REVIEW OF LITERATURE621 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY63 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 631 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS632 ASSUMPTION633 HYPOTHESIS634 SAMPLING CRITERIA

EnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosed

7 MATERIALS AND METHODS71 Sources of data Data will be collected from High school children72 Method of data collection Survey approach73 If Does the study require any investigations of interventions to be conducted on

the patients or other human being or animals -NO

74 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution YES the Ethical Clearance has been enclosed

1

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

2

KARNATAKA BANGALORE

PROFORMAFOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE

ampADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYA VS

MscNursing (1st year) Sarvodaya College of Nursing 112 Agrahara Dasarahalli near Raheja Apartments Magadi road Bangalore-560079

2 NAME OF THEINSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of Nursing Bangalore- 560044

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND

SUBJECT

1st Year Msc nursing

Paediatric Health Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE

COURSE

15102011

5 TITLE OF THE STUDY ldquoA STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORErdquo

INTRODUCTION

3

lsquorsquo A STICH IN TIME SAVES NINErsquorsquo

Disaster means an occurance causing widespread destruction and distress The root of the word

disaster [lsquorsquobar star rsquorsquoin Greek] comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to refer to

the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster1 [D-Destruction I-Incidents S-Suffering A-

Adminisrative S-Sentiments T-Tragedies E-Eruption of communicable diseases R-Research

programme and its implementation] 1a)

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage loss and destruction and devastation to

life and property The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical

location climate and the type of the earth surfacedegree of vulnerability This influences the mental

socio-economic political and cultural state of the affected area2

Disaster completely disrupts the normal day to day life negatively influences the emergency

systems normal needs and processes like food shelter health etc are affected and deteriorate

depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster It may also be termed as ldquoa serious disruption

of the functioning of society causing widespread human material or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resourcesrdquoThus a disaster may have

the following main features - Unpredictability Unfamiliarity Speed Urgency Uncertainty and

Threat3

Disaster are of two types natural and manmade based on devastation Natural disasters are

earthquakes floods and flash floods hurricanes tornadoes thunder storms snow ice and winter

storms heat wave and drought landslides and mud flows tsunami and other tidal action volcanoes

wild fires etc manmade disasters are nuclear and radiological accidents home and building fires

4

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BANGALORE KARNATAKA

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND

ADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYAVS1st Year M Sc NursingSarvodaya college of nursing 112Magadi Main RoadAgrahara DasarahalliBangalore560079

2 NAME OF THE INSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of NursingBangalore

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT 1st Year M Sc Nursing Paediatric Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE COURSE 15102011

5 TITLE OF THE TOPIC ldquoA Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Awareness programme on Disaster preparedness Among students in selected school of Bangalorersquorsquo

6 BRIEF RESUME OF THE WORK60 INTRODUCTION 61 NEED FOR THE STUDY62 REVIEW OF LITERATURE621 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY63 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 631 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS632 ASSUMPTION633 HYPOTHESIS634 SAMPLING CRITERIA

EnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosedEnclosed

7 MATERIALS AND METHODS71 Sources of data Data will be collected from High school children72 Method of data collection Survey approach73 If Does the study require any investigations of interventions to be conducted on

the patients or other human being or animals -NO

74 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution YES the Ethical Clearance has been enclosed

1

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

2

KARNATAKA BANGALORE

PROFORMAFOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE

ampADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYA VS

MscNursing (1st year) Sarvodaya College of Nursing 112 Agrahara Dasarahalli near Raheja Apartments Magadi road Bangalore-560079

2 NAME OF THEINSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of Nursing Bangalore- 560044

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND

SUBJECT

1st Year Msc nursing

Paediatric Health Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE

COURSE

15102011

5 TITLE OF THE STUDY ldquoA STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORErdquo

INTRODUCTION

3

lsquorsquo A STICH IN TIME SAVES NINErsquorsquo

Disaster means an occurance causing widespread destruction and distress The root of the word

disaster [lsquorsquobar star rsquorsquoin Greek] comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to refer to

the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster1 [D-Destruction I-Incidents S-Suffering A-

Adminisrative S-Sentiments T-Tragedies E-Eruption of communicable diseases R-Research

programme and its implementation] 1a)

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage loss and destruction and devastation to

life and property The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical

location climate and the type of the earth surfacedegree of vulnerability This influences the mental

socio-economic political and cultural state of the affected area2

Disaster completely disrupts the normal day to day life negatively influences the emergency

systems normal needs and processes like food shelter health etc are affected and deteriorate

depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster It may also be termed as ldquoa serious disruption

of the functioning of society causing widespread human material or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resourcesrdquoThus a disaster may have

the following main features - Unpredictability Unfamiliarity Speed Urgency Uncertainty and

Threat3

Disaster are of two types natural and manmade based on devastation Natural disasters are

earthquakes floods and flash floods hurricanes tornadoes thunder storms snow ice and winter

storms heat wave and drought landslides and mud flows tsunami and other tidal action volcanoes

wild fires etc manmade disasters are nuclear and radiological accidents home and building fires

4

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

2

KARNATAKA BANGALORE

PROFORMAFOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE

ampADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYA VS

MscNursing (1st year) Sarvodaya College of Nursing 112 Agrahara Dasarahalli near Raheja Apartments Magadi road Bangalore-560079

2 NAME OF THEINSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of Nursing Bangalore- 560044

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND

SUBJECT

1st Year Msc nursing

Paediatric Health Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE

COURSE

15102011

5 TITLE OF THE STUDY ldquoA STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORErdquo

INTRODUCTION

3

lsquorsquo A STICH IN TIME SAVES NINErsquorsquo

Disaster means an occurance causing widespread destruction and distress The root of the word

disaster [lsquorsquobar star rsquorsquoin Greek] comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to refer to

the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster1 [D-Destruction I-Incidents S-Suffering A-

Adminisrative S-Sentiments T-Tragedies E-Eruption of communicable diseases R-Research

programme and its implementation] 1a)

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage loss and destruction and devastation to

life and property The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical

location climate and the type of the earth surfacedegree of vulnerability This influences the mental

socio-economic political and cultural state of the affected area2

Disaster completely disrupts the normal day to day life negatively influences the emergency

systems normal needs and processes like food shelter health etc are affected and deteriorate

depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster It may also be termed as ldquoa serious disruption

of the functioning of society causing widespread human material or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resourcesrdquoThus a disaster may have

the following main features - Unpredictability Unfamiliarity Speed Urgency Uncertainty and

Threat3

Disaster are of two types natural and manmade based on devastation Natural disasters are

earthquakes floods and flash floods hurricanes tornadoes thunder storms snow ice and winter

storms heat wave and drought landslides and mud flows tsunami and other tidal action volcanoes

wild fires etc manmade disasters are nuclear and radiological accidents home and building fires

4

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

KARNATAKA BANGALORE

PROFORMAFOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE

ampADDRESS

Mrs SAUMYA VS

MscNursing (1st year) Sarvodaya College of Nursing 112 Agrahara Dasarahalli near Raheja Apartments Magadi road Bangalore-560079

2 NAME OF THEINSTITUTION Sarvodaya College Of Nursing Bangalore- 560044

3 COURSE OF STUDY AND

SUBJECT

1st Year Msc nursing

Paediatric Health Nursing

4 DATE OF ADMISSION OF THE

COURSE

15102011

5 TITLE OF THE STUDY ldquoA STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORErdquo

INTRODUCTION

3

lsquorsquo A STICH IN TIME SAVES NINErsquorsquo

Disaster means an occurance causing widespread destruction and distress The root of the word

disaster [lsquorsquobar star rsquorsquoin Greek] comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to refer to

the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster1 [D-Destruction I-Incidents S-Suffering A-

Adminisrative S-Sentiments T-Tragedies E-Eruption of communicable diseases R-Research

programme and its implementation] 1a)

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage loss and destruction and devastation to

life and property The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical

location climate and the type of the earth surfacedegree of vulnerability This influences the mental

socio-economic political and cultural state of the affected area2

Disaster completely disrupts the normal day to day life negatively influences the emergency

systems normal needs and processes like food shelter health etc are affected and deteriorate

depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster It may also be termed as ldquoa serious disruption

of the functioning of society causing widespread human material or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resourcesrdquoThus a disaster may have

the following main features - Unpredictability Unfamiliarity Speed Urgency Uncertainty and

Threat3

Disaster are of two types natural and manmade based on devastation Natural disasters are

earthquakes floods and flash floods hurricanes tornadoes thunder storms snow ice and winter

storms heat wave and drought landslides and mud flows tsunami and other tidal action volcanoes

wild fires etc manmade disasters are nuclear and radiological accidents home and building fires

4

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

lsquorsquo A STICH IN TIME SAVES NINErsquorsquo

Disaster means an occurance causing widespread destruction and distress The root of the word

disaster [lsquorsquobar star rsquorsquoin Greek] comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to refer to

the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster1 [D-Destruction I-Incidents S-Suffering A-

Adminisrative S-Sentiments T-Tragedies E-Eruption of communicable diseases R-Research

programme and its implementation] 1a)

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage loss and destruction and devastation to

life and property The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical

location climate and the type of the earth surfacedegree of vulnerability This influences the mental

socio-economic political and cultural state of the affected area2

Disaster completely disrupts the normal day to day life negatively influences the emergency

systems normal needs and processes like food shelter health etc are affected and deteriorate

depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster It may also be termed as ldquoa serious disruption

of the functioning of society causing widespread human material or environmental losses which

exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resourcesrdquoThus a disaster may have

the following main features - Unpredictability Unfamiliarity Speed Urgency Uncertainty and

Threat3

Disaster are of two types natural and manmade based on devastation Natural disasters are

earthquakes floods and flash floods hurricanes tornadoes thunder storms snow ice and winter

storms heat wave and drought landslides and mud flows tsunami and other tidal action volcanoes

wild fires etc manmade disasters are nuclear and radiological accidents home and building fires

4

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

hazardous materials accidents terrorism aviation accidents ship and maritime accidents train and

rail road accidents civil unrest bridge and other structural collapses dam break etchellip4

India over 40 million hectares are prone to floods nearly 3 lakh sqKM are at risk of cyclones the

earth quake in Bhuj killed 14000 people cyclones in Orissa took away 10000 lives between 1990

and 2000 an average of about 3400 people lost their lives annually about 3 crore people were

affected by disasters every year about 17000 people perished by the tsunami on 26 Dec20045

In 2004 Indian Ocean earthquakes was an undersea earthquake with an epicenter off the west coast of

Sumatra Indonesia The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra- Andaman

earthquake The resulting tsunami is given various names including the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

South Asian tsunami and Indonesian tsunami6

The rapid growth of the worldrsquos population and its increased concentration often in hazardous

environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters With the tropical

climate and unstable land forms coupled with deforestation unplanned growth proliferation non

engineered constructions which make the disaster prone areas more vulnerable tardy communication

poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention developing countries suffer more or less

chronically by natural disasters7

So disaster preparedness forms an integral part of the national system responsible for developing

plans programmes for disaster management prevention mitigation preparedness response

rehabilitation and reconstruction8

The entire strategic management process is divided into four fields to aid in identification of the

processes The four fields normally deal with risk reduction preparing resources to respond to the

hazard responding to the actual damage caused by the hazard and limiting further damage

5

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

(eg emergency evacuation quarantine mass decontamination) and returning as close as possible

to the state before the hazard incident The field occurs in both the public and private sector sharing

the same processes but with different focuses9

Emergency Management is a strategic process and not a tactical process thus it usually resides at the

Executive level in an organization It normally has no direct power but serves as an advisory or

common goal Effective Emergency Management relies on a thorough integration of emergency plans

at all levels of the organization and an understanding that the lowest levels of the organization are

responsible for managing the emergency and getting additional resources and assistance from the

upper levels10

NEED FOR THE STUDY

1 India is the highly disaster prone country in Asian pacific region floods cyclones

draught earth quakes and epidemics are frequent from time to time major accidents

happen in railways and factories causing extensive damage to human life and property11

2 Northern mountain regions are prone to snow storms landslides and Earthquakes The

eastern costal areas are prone to severe floods and cyclones [Andra Pradesh West Bengal

and Orissa] Bihar Assam Uttar Pradesh gets major floods almost every year Western

desert areas are prone to draught12

3 Public system can obtain information in the event of an actual disaster situation early

warning system alerts the public about immediate danger and help to reduce the impact

Colour code systems are using for disaster emergency[Red-most urgent Yellow-urgent

Green-third priority Black-dead]13

6

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

4 Formation of various task forces including warning and awareness task evacuation task

force free safety task force psycho-social aid task force site security task force and to

assign sensitive roles and responsively of these task force in time of emergencies14

5 A study revealed that the suicidal rate was by floods floods 138hurricanes 310

earthquake 62915

The Researcher felt that

Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for

many years to come Beyond the heavy toll on human lives the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused

an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come It has been

reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves coral reefs forests

coastal wetlands vegetation sand dunes and rock formations animal and plant biodiversity and

groundwater In addition the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals water

pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even

further in untold ways The environmental impact will take a long time and significant resources to

assessment earners as well as boats and fishing gear16

Main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and the soil by saltwater

infiltration and deposit of a salt layer over arable land Many health professionals and aid workers

have reported the widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami17

The Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury

the body of the dead and in many cases no body remained to be buried Some believe that the

tsunami was divine punishment for lay Muslims shirking their daily prayers andor following a

materialistic lifestyle Others have said that Allah was angry that there were Muslims killing other

Muslims in an ongoing conflict18

7

Another result of the tsunami respective toward Indian culture was the water that washed away

centuries of sand from some of the ruins of a 1200-year-old lost city at Mahabalipuram on the south

coast of India The site containing such notable structures as a half-buried granite lion near a 7th

century Mahablipuram temple and a relic depicting an elephant is part of what archaeologists believe

to be an ancient port city that was swallowed by the sea hundreds of years ago19

The pain can be particularly profound when friends or neighbors are lost or social support is

unavailable or when a home is destroyed Losing a home is like losing a limb Since the children are

tomorrows citizens provide training on disaster preparedness well ahead of timeBefore the occurance

of disaster provide imformation and training Through this the intensity can be reduced to some

extend Thatrsquos why the researcher is interested to study on this topic 20

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Researchers almost never conduct a study in an intellectual vacuum their studies are undertaken

within the context of an existing knowledge base Researchers undertake a literature review to

familiarize themselves with that knowledge baseLiterature review helps to lay foundation for a

study and can also inspire new research ideas

The literature review for the present study It has been organized under the following headings

1 studies related to disasters and its impact

2 studies related to effectiveness of educational protocol on disaster preparedness

3studies related to disaster preparedness 21

8

1 STUDIES RELATED TO DISASTERS AND ITS IMPACT

ANATURAL DISASTER

a Krug kGkresnow MPeddicord jpDahlberg LLpowell KE Crosby AE

Conducted a longitudinal study to determine whether natural disasters affected suicide rates

Data on suicide were collected from 377 countries that had each been affected by a single natural

disaster during the 36 months and 48 months after the disaster and aligned around the month of

the disastersResults showed an increase in suicide rates in the four years after floods by138in

the two years after hurricanes by 310 and in the first year of the earthquake by 629

Findings thus far suggest that suicide rates increase after disasters22

b Rautela p (Natural disaster (Himalayan ecosystem)through experience and knowledge helps

to reduce the vulnerability)

conducted a study on the indigenous management of disasters in the fragile Himalayan

ecosystem with an objective to highlight the relevance of area specificlocally pertinent and

effective ways of mitigating natural disasters that put forth most cost effective and acceptable

means of mitigating disastersExtensive field studies were carried on the traditional resource

management practices of the remote Himalayan terrainResults showed that during the course of

their habitation in the disaster prone Himalayan terrain the indigenous people through

experience experimentation and accumulated knowledge devised ways of reducing their

vulnerability to natural hazards Their understanding was fairly evolved in the areas of

9

earthquakeslandslides and drought management and had devised efficient ways of mitigating the

effects of these disasters23

BMAN MADE DISASTER

1 Johnson SD North CS Smith EM

(Manmade disaster causing distress)

In a longitudinal study course of psychiatric sequelae of a mass shooting incident at a court

house A sample of 80 individuals was examined 6-8 weeks after the incident and 77 of them

were reassessed at the end ofone and three years later using diagnostic interview

scheduledisaster supplementfindings suggested that there was universal distress as 96 of the

respondents reported posttraumatic stress disorders24

2 SpranG G

(Man made disaster(terrorism) cause posttraumatic stress disorder)

In a study explored the intermediate psychological effects of terrorism on adults who were not

directly affected by the Oklahoma city bombing by examining the course of posttraumatic stress

disorder and sub threshold of PTSD symptoms over time and whether treatment affected this

courseRespondents were interviewed at 3 months interval for 18 months following an initial 6

months surveys Analysis suggested avoidance re- experiencing and increased arousal

symptoms in this population were limited over time declining with or without treatment between

6 and 9 months Findings also suggested that victimization symptoms remained high without

mental health intervention for the first year after disaster25

10

3 Rehner-TAKolbo-JRSmith CReid D

(Manmade disaster(methyl parathion)reported depressive symptoms)

In a study examined depressive symptoms among victims of south Mississippirsquos methyl

parathion disaster Results indicated that irrespective of the level of methyl parathion

contamination in respondents dwellings more than half the victims interviewed reported

depressive symptoms at levels suggesting probable clinical depression26

2Studies Related to the effectiveness of educational protocol on disaster preparedness

In a study Bartley BHStella JBand Walsh LD conducted with an objective to test the

hypothesis that an audiovisual presentation of hospital disaster plans followed by a simulated

disaster exercise and debriefing improved staff knowledgeconfidence and hospital preparedness

for disasters Fifty members were chosen from medicalnursing and administrative

fieldsFindings suggested a significant improvement in the post intervention test pass rate by

50 as compared to the pretest pass rate of 18 27

In a study Bartley B Fisher J and Stella J conducted to test whether an instructional video of

edited footage from a disaster drill is effective in educating registrars on the hospital disaster

plan Forty hospital registrars were shown a 15 minute video based on footage obtained at a

simulated mass casualty incident Finding justified a significant improvement in the post video

survey with an absolute increase in the pass rate by 82 28

In a study Hall wRuthCusick JGary and Yuniar conducted to determine the effectiveness of

an educational program to perform in a burn disaster designed for licensed health practitionersA

pre- post survey design was used to assess changes in participants knowledge and self related

11

abilityconfidence and competence to perform in a burn disaster before and after trainingThe

percentage of correct responses pre vs post test increased between 30 and 65 on two-thirds

of the knowledge itemsEvaluation results demonstrated that the curriculum and teaching

methods achieved desired goals for improved knowledge which appear to have been translated

to enhanced abilitiesconfidence and competence in burn assessments treatment modalities29

In a study Querisni And Kristine A conducted on the effectiveness of an emergency preparedness

training programme for public health nurses in New York cityThe program focused on the basic

public health emergency preparedness competencies and the emergency response role of public

health workers employed in New York city school department of health and mental hygiene school

health programThe evaluation method included the pre testpost test followed by one repeat post test

one month after the programThe program resulted in positive shifts in both knowledge and

emergency response attitudes30

3 Studies related to disaster preparedness

In a study Phillips BD Metz WC and Leslie A conducted to examine the preparedness and

potential response behaviors reported by members of households in northeastern Alabama

community facing a threat of possible chemical release from a US Army depot Findings suggested

that the residents in the lowest income quartile reported greater restrictions in physical abilities fewer

community contacts a heightened concern about area hazards and limited resources for taking

preparedness and response actions31

White GW and fox MH in a study explored the unchartered area of disability related disaster and

emergency response practices at local emergency management agenciesThis Project sought to

determine whether disaster plans and emergency response systems included the health safety and

12

survival needs for persons with mobility impairmentsResults revealed that a majority of the

emergency managers were not trained in special needs populationswhich included persons with

mobility impairmentsFindings suggested that emergency managers would benefit from taking

educational courses having reliable surveillance toolsand developing specific guidelines aimed at

addressing emergency management needs of persons with disabilities32

In a study Rincon Linares MYand Greenberg B conducted to examine the hypothesis that having

experienced a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones However results

showed that only 37of the families who experienced the hurricane Andrew would go to a shelter

versus 49of the families that did notFndings thus suggested that the hypothesishaving experienced

a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones can be safely rejected33

In a study Burda P Anand JS Chodorowski Z and Groszek B conducted to evaluate the strategic

preparedness of twelve hospitals in Karkow Warsaw and Triple city to give aid during massive

chemical accidentsThe study was carried on 146 persons Results demonstrated that in any of the

investigated hospitals there were no plans regarding the action to be taken in case of chemical

accidentsThey had insufficient knowledge about sources of contamination and environmental

threats34

In a study Gilmore GD Schwan WR and McLaughlin MK conducted to determine the emergency

preparedness knowledge training and resource needs of community based professionals in Western

WisconsinData was collected through interviews questionnaires Findings suggested that training

needs existed among all On site co-ordination and communication systems were the weakest aspects

of community response35

13

In a study Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby RLevine JN and Cruz AM sought to find out the

community preparedness in an urban settingpersonal interviews conducted with local emergency

response officials in plant health and safety officers indicated that disasters were anticipated and

they were ready to face itHowever survey results of residents suggested that they were under

prepared for disasters36

Hurnen F and McClure J in a study compared the knowledge how to prevent damage from

earthquakes to the knowledge extracted from expert sources Findings supported the hypothesis

that changes in perceived preventability occur when specific targeted information is introduced

there by indicating the need for an educational program to counter inadequate knowledge37

In a study Takao K MotoyoshiSato TFukuzono K and Seo S conducted to examine how

flood risk perception and home ownership affected the residents preparedness for floods in the

Nagoya citySurvey was conducted on the residents of the affected area in Nagoya city and its

adjacent regionThe respondents were asked to rate the extent of their experience with

anticipation ofand preparedness for floods before and after the Tokai disaster in terms of taking

special measures against floodsResults showed that the degree of preparedness for floods was

determined by the level of fear for floods and the amount of damage sustained during the Tokai

flood especially for the home owners38

In a study Braun BI Wineman N Finn NL Barbera JASchmaltz SP et al conducted in united

states to assess community emergency preparedness linkage among hospitalspublic health officials

and first responders and to investigate the influence of community hazards preparation for an event

requiring national security oversight and experience responding to actual disasters Using simple

random technique a sample of 1750US medical surgical hospitals were selected and a mailed

14

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

earthquakeslandslides and drought management and had devised efficient ways of mitigating the

effects of these disasters23

BMAN MADE DISASTER

1 Johnson SD North CS Smith EM

(Manmade disaster causing distress)

In a longitudinal study course of psychiatric sequelae of a mass shooting incident at a court

house A sample of 80 individuals was examined 6-8 weeks after the incident and 77 of them

were reassessed at the end ofone and three years later using diagnostic interview

scheduledisaster supplementfindings suggested that there was universal distress as 96 of the

respondents reported posttraumatic stress disorders24

2 SpranG G

(Man made disaster(terrorism) cause posttraumatic stress disorder)

In a study explored the intermediate psychological effects of terrorism on adults who were not

directly affected by the Oklahoma city bombing by examining the course of posttraumatic stress

disorder and sub threshold of PTSD symptoms over time and whether treatment affected this

courseRespondents were interviewed at 3 months interval for 18 months following an initial 6

months surveys Analysis suggested avoidance re- experiencing and increased arousal

symptoms in this population were limited over time declining with or without treatment between

6 and 9 months Findings also suggested that victimization symptoms remained high without

mental health intervention for the first year after disaster25

10

3 Rehner-TAKolbo-JRSmith CReid D

(Manmade disaster(methyl parathion)reported depressive symptoms)

In a study examined depressive symptoms among victims of south Mississippirsquos methyl

parathion disaster Results indicated that irrespective of the level of methyl parathion

contamination in respondents dwellings more than half the victims interviewed reported

depressive symptoms at levels suggesting probable clinical depression26

2Studies Related to the effectiveness of educational protocol on disaster preparedness

In a study Bartley BHStella JBand Walsh LD conducted with an objective to test the

hypothesis that an audiovisual presentation of hospital disaster plans followed by a simulated

disaster exercise and debriefing improved staff knowledgeconfidence and hospital preparedness

for disasters Fifty members were chosen from medicalnursing and administrative

fieldsFindings suggested a significant improvement in the post intervention test pass rate by

50 as compared to the pretest pass rate of 18 27

In a study Bartley B Fisher J and Stella J conducted to test whether an instructional video of

edited footage from a disaster drill is effective in educating registrars on the hospital disaster

plan Forty hospital registrars were shown a 15 minute video based on footage obtained at a

simulated mass casualty incident Finding justified a significant improvement in the post video

survey with an absolute increase in the pass rate by 82 28

In a study Hall wRuthCusick JGary and Yuniar conducted to determine the effectiveness of

an educational program to perform in a burn disaster designed for licensed health practitionersA

pre- post survey design was used to assess changes in participants knowledge and self related

11

abilityconfidence and competence to perform in a burn disaster before and after trainingThe

percentage of correct responses pre vs post test increased between 30 and 65 on two-thirds

of the knowledge itemsEvaluation results demonstrated that the curriculum and teaching

methods achieved desired goals for improved knowledge which appear to have been translated

to enhanced abilitiesconfidence and competence in burn assessments treatment modalities29

In a study Querisni And Kristine A conducted on the effectiveness of an emergency preparedness

training programme for public health nurses in New York cityThe program focused on the basic

public health emergency preparedness competencies and the emergency response role of public

health workers employed in New York city school department of health and mental hygiene school

health programThe evaluation method included the pre testpost test followed by one repeat post test

one month after the programThe program resulted in positive shifts in both knowledge and

emergency response attitudes30

3 Studies related to disaster preparedness

In a study Phillips BD Metz WC and Leslie A conducted to examine the preparedness and

potential response behaviors reported by members of households in northeastern Alabama

community facing a threat of possible chemical release from a US Army depot Findings suggested

that the residents in the lowest income quartile reported greater restrictions in physical abilities fewer

community contacts a heightened concern about area hazards and limited resources for taking

preparedness and response actions31

White GW and fox MH in a study explored the unchartered area of disability related disaster and

emergency response practices at local emergency management agenciesThis Project sought to

determine whether disaster plans and emergency response systems included the health safety and

12

survival needs for persons with mobility impairmentsResults revealed that a majority of the

emergency managers were not trained in special needs populationswhich included persons with

mobility impairmentsFindings suggested that emergency managers would benefit from taking

educational courses having reliable surveillance toolsand developing specific guidelines aimed at

addressing emergency management needs of persons with disabilities32

In a study Rincon Linares MYand Greenberg B conducted to examine the hypothesis that having

experienced a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones However results

showed that only 37of the families who experienced the hurricane Andrew would go to a shelter

versus 49of the families that did notFndings thus suggested that the hypothesishaving experienced

a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones can be safely rejected33

In a study Burda P Anand JS Chodorowski Z and Groszek B conducted to evaluate the strategic

preparedness of twelve hospitals in Karkow Warsaw and Triple city to give aid during massive

chemical accidentsThe study was carried on 146 persons Results demonstrated that in any of the

investigated hospitals there were no plans regarding the action to be taken in case of chemical

accidentsThey had insufficient knowledge about sources of contamination and environmental

threats34

In a study Gilmore GD Schwan WR and McLaughlin MK conducted to determine the emergency

preparedness knowledge training and resource needs of community based professionals in Western

WisconsinData was collected through interviews questionnaires Findings suggested that training

needs existed among all On site co-ordination and communication systems were the weakest aspects

of community response35

13

In a study Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby RLevine JN and Cruz AM sought to find out the

community preparedness in an urban settingpersonal interviews conducted with local emergency

response officials in plant health and safety officers indicated that disasters were anticipated and

they were ready to face itHowever survey results of residents suggested that they were under

prepared for disasters36

Hurnen F and McClure J in a study compared the knowledge how to prevent damage from

earthquakes to the knowledge extracted from expert sources Findings supported the hypothesis

that changes in perceived preventability occur when specific targeted information is introduced

there by indicating the need for an educational program to counter inadequate knowledge37

In a study Takao K MotoyoshiSato TFukuzono K and Seo S conducted to examine how

flood risk perception and home ownership affected the residents preparedness for floods in the

Nagoya citySurvey was conducted on the residents of the affected area in Nagoya city and its

adjacent regionThe respondents were asked to rate the extent of their experience with

anticipation ofand preparedness for floods before and after the Tokai disaster in terms of taking

special measures against floodsResults showed that the degree of preparedness for floods was

determined by the level of fear for floods and the amount of damage sustained during the Tokai

flood especially for the home owners38

In a study Braun BI Wineman N Finn NL Barbera JASchmaltz SP et al conducted in united

states to assess community emergency preparedness linkage among hospitalspublic health officials

and first responders and to investigate the influence of community hazards preparation for an event

requiring national security oversight and experience responding to actual disasters Using simple

random technique a sample of 1750US medical surgical hospitals were selected and a mailed

14

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

3 Rehner-TAKolbo-JRSmith CReid D

(Manmade disaster(methyl parathion)reported depressive symptoms)

In a study examined depressive symptoms among victims of south Mississippirsquos methyl

parathion disaster Results indicated that irrespective of the level of methyl parathion

contamination in respondents dwellings more than half the victims interviewed reported

depressive symptoms at levels suggesting probable clinical depression26

2Studies Related to the effectiveness of educational protocol on disaster preparedness

In a study Bartley BHStella JBand Walsh LD conducted with an objective to test the

hypothesis that an audiovisual presentation of hospital disaster plans followed by a simulated

disaster exercise and debriefing improved staff knowledgeconfidence and hospital preparedness

for disasters Fifty members were chosen from medicalnursing and administrative

fieldsFindings suggested a significant improvement in the post intervention test pass rate by

50 as compared to the pretest pass rate of 18 27

In a study Bartley B Fisher J and Stella J conducted to test whether an instructional video of

edited footage from a disaster drill is effective in educating registrars on the hospital disaster

plan Forty hospital registrars were shown a 15 minute video based on footage obtained at a

simulated mass casualty incident Finding justified a significant improvement in the post video

survey with an absolute increase in the pass rate by 82 28

In a study Hall wRuthCusick JGary and Yuniar conducted to determine the effectiveness of

an educational program to perform in a burn disaster designed for licensed health practitionersA

pre- post survey design was used to assess changes in participants knowledge and self related

11

abilityconfidence and competence to perform in a burn disaster before and after trainingThe

percentage of correct responses pre vs post test increased between 30 and 65 on two-thirds

of the knowledge itemsEvaluation results demonstrated that the curriculum and teaching

methods achieved desired goals for improved knowledge which appear to have been translated

to enhanced abilitiesconfidence and competence in burn assessments treatment modalities29

In a study Querisni And Kristine A conducted on the effectiveness of an emergency preparedness

training programme for public health nurses in New York cityThe program focused on the basic

public health emergency preparedness competencies and the emergency response role of public

health workers employed in New York city school department of health and mental hygiene school

health programThe evaluation method included the pre testpost test followed by one repeat post test

one month after the programThe program resulted in positive shifts in both knowledge and

emergency response attitudes30

3 Studies related to disaster preparedness

In a study Phillips BD Metz WC and Leslie A conducted to examine the preparedness and

potential response behaviors reported by members of households in northeastern Alabama

community facing a threat of possible chemical release from a US Army depot Findings suggested

that the residents in the lowest income quartile reported greater restrictions in physical abilities fewer

community contacts a heightened concern about area hazards and limited resources for taking

preparedness and response actions31

White GW and fox MH in a study explored the unchartered area of disability related disaster and

emergency response practices at local emergency management agenciesThis Project sought to

determine whether disaster plans and emergency response systems included the health safety and

12

survival needs for persons with mobility impairmentsResults revealed that a majority of the

emergency managers were not trained in special needs populationswhich included persons with

mobility impairmentsFindings suggested that emergency managers would benefit from taking

educational courses having reliable surveillance toolsand developing specific guidelines aimed at

addressing emergency management needs of persons with disabilities32

In a study Rincon Linares MYand Greenberg B conducted to examine the hypothesis that having

experienced a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones However results

showed that only 37of the families who experienced the hurricane Andrew would go to a shelter

versus 49of the families that did notFndings thus suggested that the hypothesishaving experienced

a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones can be safely rejected33

In a study Burda P Anand JS Chodorowski Z and Groszek B conducted to evaluate the strategic

preparedness of twelve hospitals in Karkow Warsaw and Triple city to give aid during massive

chemical accidentsThe study was carried on 146 persons Results demonstrated that in any of the

investigated hospitals there were no plans regarding the action to be taken in case of chemical

accidentsThey had insufficient knowledge about sources of contamination and environmental

threats34

In a study Gilmore GD Schwan WR and McLaughlin MK conducted to determine the emergency

preparedness knowledge training and resource needs of community based professionals in Western

WisconsinData was collected through interviews questionnaires Findings suggested that training

needs existed among all On site co-ordination and communication systems were the weakest aspects

of community response35

13

In a study Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby RLevine JN and Cruz AM sought to find out the

community preparedness in an urban settingpersonal interviews conducted with local emergency

response officials in plant health and safety officers indicated that disasters were anticipated and

they were ready to face itHowever survey results of residents suggested that they were under

prepared for disasters36

Hurnen F and McClure J in a study compared the knowledge how to prevent damage from

earthquakes to the knowledge extracted from expert sources Findings supported the hypothesis

that changes in perceived preventability occur when specific targeted information is introduced

there by indicating the need for an educational program to counter inadequate knowledge37

In a study Takao K MotoyoshiSato TFukuzono K and Seo S conducted to examine how

flood risk perception and home ownership affected the residents preparedness for floods in the

Nagoya citySurvey was conducted on the residents of the affected area in Nagoya city and its

adjacent regionThe respondents were asked to rate the extent of their experience with

anticipation ofand preparedness for floods before and after the Tokai disaster in terms of taking

special measures against floodsResults showed that the degree of preparedness for floods was

determined by the level of fear for floods and the amount of damage sustained during the Tokai

flood especially for the home owners38

In a study Braun BI Wineman N Finn NL Barbera JASchmaltz SP et al conducted in united

states to assess community emergency preparedness linkage among hospitalspublic health officials

and first responders and to investigate the influence of community hazards preparation for an event

requiring national security oversight and experience responding to actual disasters Using simple

random technique a sample of 1750US medical surgical hospitals were selected and a mailed

14

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

abilityconfidence and competence to perform in a burn disaster before and after trainingThe

percentage of correct responses pre vs post test increased between 30 and 65 on two-thirds

of the knowledge itemsEvaluation results demonstrated that the curriculum and teaching

methods achieved desired goals for improved knowledge which appear to have been translated

to enhanced abilitiesconfidence and competence in burn assessments treatment modalities29

In a study Querisni And Kristine A conducted on the effectiveness of an emergency preparedness

training programme for public health nurses in New York cityThe program focused on the basic

public health emergency preparedness competencies and the emergency response role of public

health workers employed in New York city school department of health and mental hygiene school

health programThe evaluation method included the pre testpost test followed by one repeat post test

one month after the programThe program resulted in positive shifts in both knowledge and

emergency response attitudes30

3 Studies related to disaster preparedness

In a study Phillips BD Metz WC and Leslie A conducted to examine the preparedness and

potential response behaviors reported by members of households in northeastern Alabama

community facing a threat of possible chemical release from a US Army depot Findings suggested

that the residents in the lowest income quartile reported greater restrictions in physical abilities fewer

community contacts a heightened concern about area hazards and limited resources for taking

preparedness and response actions31

White GW and fox MH in a study explored the unchartered area of disability related disaster and

emergency response practices at local emergency management agenciesThis Project sought to

determine whether disaster plans and emergency response systems included the health safety and

12

survival needs for persons with mobility impairmentsResults revealed that a majority of the

emergency managers were not trained in special needs populationswhich included persons with

mobility impairmentsFindings suggested that emergency managers would benefit from taking

educational courses having reliable surveillance toolsand developing specific guidelines aimed at

addressing emergency management needs of persons with disabilities32

In a study Rincon Linares MYand Greenberg B conducted to examine the hypothesis that having

experienced a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones However results

showed that only 37of the families who experienced the hurricane Andrew would go to a shelter

versus 49of the families that did notFndings thus suggested that the hypothesishaving experienced

a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones can be safely rejected33

In a study Burda P Anand JS Chodorowski Z and Groszek B conducted to evaluate the strategic

preparedness of twelve hospitals in Karkow Warsaw and Triple city to give aid during massive

chemical accidentsThe study was carried on 146 persons Results demonstrated that in any of the

investigated hospitals there were no plans regarding the action to be taken in case of chemical

accidentsThey had insufficient knowledge about sources of contamination and environmental

threats34

In a study Gilmore GD Schwan WR and McLaughlin MK conducted to determine the emergency

preparedness knowledge training and resource needs of community based professionals in Western

WisconsinData was collected through interviews questionnaires Findings suggested that training

needs existed among all On site co-ordination and communication systems were the weakest aspects

of community response35

13

In a study Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby RLevine JN and Cruz AM sought to find out the

community preparedness in an urban settingpersonal interviews conducted with local emergency

response officials in plant health and safety officers indicated that disasters were anticipated and

they were ready to face itHowever survey results of residents suggested that they were under

prepared for disasters36

Hurnen F and McClure J in a study compared the knowledge how to prevent damage from

earthquakes to the knowledge extracted from expert sources Findings supported the hypothesis

that changes in perceived preventability occur when specific targeted information is introduced

there by indicating the need for an educational program to counter inadequate knowledge37

In a study Takao K MotoyoshiSato TFukuzono K and Seo S conducted to examine how

flood risk perception and home ownership affected the residents preparedness for floods in the

Nagoya citySurvey was conducted on the residents of the affected area in Nagoya city and its

adjacent regionThe respondents were asked to rate the extent of their experience with

anticipation ofand preparedness for floods before and after the Tokai disaster in terms of taking

special measures against floodsResults showed that the degree of preparedness for floods was

determined by the level of fear for floods and the amount of damage sustained during the Tokai

flood especially for the home owners38

In a study Braun BI Wineman N Finn NL Barbera JASchmaltz SP et al conducted in united

states to assess community emergency preparedness linkage among hospitalspublic health officials

and first responders and to investigate the influence of community hazards preparation for an event

requiring national security oversight and experience responding to actual disasters Using simple

random technique a sample of 1750US medical surgical hospitals were selected and a mailed

14

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

survival needs for persons with mobility impairmentsResults revealed that a majority of the

emergency managers were not trained in special needs populationswhich included persons with

mobility impairmentsFindings suggested that emergency managers would benefit from taking

educational courses having reliable surveillance toolsand developing specific guidelines aimed at

addressing emergency management needs of persons with disabilities32

In a study Rincon Linares MYand Greenberg B conducted to examine the hypothesis that having

experienced a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones However results

showed that only 37of the families who experienced the hurricane Andrew would go to a shelter

versus 49of the families that did notFndings thus suggested that the hypothesishaving experienced

a major hurricane will promote better preparedness for future ones can be safely rejected33

In a study Burda P Anand JS Chodorowski Z and Groszek B conducted to evaluate the strategic

preparedness of twelve hospitals in Karkow Warsaw and Triple city to give aid during massive

chemical accidentsThe study was carried on 146 persons Results demonstrated that in any of the

investigated hospitals there were no plans regarding the action to be taken in case of chemical

accidentsThey had insufficient knowledge about sources of contamination and environmental

threats34

In a study Gilmore GD Schwan WR and McLaughlin MK conducted to determine the emergency

preparedness knowledge training and resource needs of community based professionals in Western

WisconsinData was collected through interviews questionnaires Findings suggested that training

needs existed among all On site co-ordination and communication systems were the weakest aspects

of community response35

13

In a study Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby RLevine JN and Cruz AM sought to find out the

community preparedness in an urban settingpersonal interviews conducted with local emergency

response officials in plant health and safety officers indicated that disasters were anticipated and

they were ready to face itHowever survey results of residents suggested that they were under

prepared for disasters36

Hurnen F and McClure J in a study compared the knowledge how to prevent damage from

earthquakes to the knowledge extracted from expert sources Findings supported the hypothesis

that changes in perceived preventability occur when specific targeted information is introduced

there by indicating the need for an educational program to counter inadequate knowledge37

In a study Takao K MotoyoshiSato TFukuzono K and Seo S conducted to examine how

flood risk perception and home ownership affected the residents preparedness for floods in the

Nagoya citySurvey was conducted on the residents of the affected area in Nagoya city and its

adjacent regionThe respondents were asked to rate the extent of their experience with

anticipation ofand preparedness for floods before and after the Tokai disaster in terms of taking

special measures against floodsResults showed that the degree of preparedness for floods was

determined by the level of fear for floods and the amount of damage sustained during the Tokai

flood especially for the home owners38

In a study Braun BI Wineman N Finn NL Barbera JASchmaltz SP et al conducted in united

states to assess community emergency preparedness linkage among hospitalspublic health officials

and first responders and to investigate the influence of community hazards preparation for an event

requiring national security oversight and experience responding to actual disasters Using simple

random technique a sample of 1750US medical surgical hospitals were selected and a mailed

14

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

In a study Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby RLevine JN and Cruz AM sought to find out the

community preparedness in an urban settingpersonal interviews conducted with local emergency

response officials in plant health and safety officers indicated that disasters were anticipated and

they were ready to face itHowever survey results of residents suggested that they were under

prepared for disasters36

Hurnen F and McClure J in a study compared the knowledge how to prevent damage from

earthquakes to the knowledge extracted from expert sources Findings supported the hypothesis

that changes in perceived preventability occur when specific targeted information is introduced

there by indicating the need for an educational program to counter inadequate knowledge37

In a study Takao K MotoyoshiSato TFukuzono K and Seo S conducted to examine how

flood risk perception and home ownership affected the residents preparedness for floods in the

Nagoya citySurvey was conducted on the residents of the affected area in Nagoya city and its

adjacent regionThe respondents were asked to rate the extent of their experience with

anticipation ofand preparedness for floods before and after the Tokai disaster in terms of taking

special measures against floodsResults showed that the degree of preparedness for floods was

determined by the level of fear for floods and the amount of damage sustained during the Tokai

flood especially for the home owners38

In a study Braun BI Wineman N Finn NL Barbera JASchmaltz SP et al conducted in united

states to assess community emergency preparedness linkage among hospitalspublic health officials

and first responders and to investigate the influence of community hazards preparation for an event

requiring national security oversight and experience responding to actual disasters Using simple

random technique a sample of 1750US medical surgical hospitals were selected and a mailed

14

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

questionnaire was used to assess linkage issues related to training and drillsequipment surveillance

incident management and communications Results suggested that there was better performance in

large and urban hospitals and it was associated with a high number of perceived hazards It also

suggested that the relationship between hospitals public health departments public health

departmentsand other critical responses entities are not adequately robust39

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON

DISASTER PREPAREDENESS AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF

BANGALORE

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Assess the knowledge among high school children on disaster preparedness before and after

awareness programme

1 To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge of high school children regarding disaster

preparedness

2 To Assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on disaster preparedness among high school

children

3 To determine the association between pretest knowledge of high school children and selected

demographic variables

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

EFFECTIVENESS Refers to the extent to which the structured teaching program has achieved

desired outcome of gain of knowledge as assessed by knowledge questionnaire

15

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

AWARENESS Refers to knowledge among children on earthquakesfloodsbomb blasttsunami

fires related to disaster its nature impact and measures to be followed as assessed by self

administered questionnaire

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Refers to measures taken by people to face natural disasters like

earthquakes(move away from buildings treesstreet lightpower lines) floods (swimming

practicesseek higher ground on foot immediately Keep important papers in watertight containers

and have a record of your valuables in a safe place ) tsunami(go to high ground or inland)and

manmade disasters like bomb blasts(if previously got any information should pass on to parents or

police station) fire accidents(try to roll over the floorcall fire force)

STUDENTSIt refers to students studying in 8th to 10th standards

SCHOOL BASED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM REGARDING DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS A teaching module that is prepared to educate a group of school students

regarding meaningtypeimpact and preventive measures with the help of blackboardscharts and

LCD slides

ASSUMPTIONS

1It is assumed that students have inadequate knowledge on disaster preparedness

2It is assumed that awareness on disaster preparedness is influenced by previous experience of

disasters and type of family including children

HYPOTHESIS

H1-There will be a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding

disaster preparedness among high school children

16

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

H2-There will be a significant association between the pre test knowledge of children regarding

disaster preparedness and selected demographic variables

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1 The students who are willing to participate

2 The students between ages of 14-16 years

3 The students who are present at the time of study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

1 Students who are already attended any awareness programme

DELIMITATIONS

1 Data collection is restricted to 4 weeks

2 The study is delimited to children between 14-16 years of age in selected school of Bangalore

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SOURCE OF DATA

Data will be collected from high school children in selected schools of Bangalore

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

Research approach Evaluative approach

Research design descriptive design

Setting selected school in Bangalore

17

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

Population High school children

Sample children who meet the inclusive criteria

Sample size 80

Sampling technique simple random sampling technique

Tool for data collection structured questionnaire

Method of data collection Self administrered questionare

Methods of data analysis and interpretation

The researcher will use descriptive and inferential statistics and present in the form of tables

graphs and diagramsDemagraphic variable will be analyzed by frequency and percentage

distribution The level of awareness will be analyzed by mean and standard deviation The

effectiveness of structured teaching program will be analyzed by paired ldquotrdquotest The association

between Demographic variables and awareness on disaster preparedness will be analyzed by

using chi-square test

Duration of study 4 weeks

RESEARCH VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES childrens knowledge regarding disaster preparedness

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Structured Teaching program on disaster preparedness

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES age sex previous source of informationclassType

Of family

18

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

PROJECTED OUTCOMES

This study will enable the high school children regarding disaster preparedness

Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient or other

humans or animals

No

Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution

Yes

19

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

LIST OF REFERENCES

1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-21

1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster

2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki

Disaster Management File r

wwwscribdcomdoc66787893Disaster-Management-File-r

4

Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm

management wwwlegalserviceindiacoml456-Chemical-Disaster-Management

5 Disaster wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm

6 Indian Ocean Tsunami - Great Earthquake and Tsunami of 26

wwwdrgeorgepccomTsunami2004Indonesiahtml

7Disaster- Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

8 Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiDisaster

20

9 Emergency management - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

enwikipediaorgwikiEmergency_management

10 Emergency Management laquo Hempfield

hempfieldemacom emergency Infochange India

11 Earthquake hazard zoning of India - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

enwikipediaorgwikiEarthquake_hazard_zoning_of_India

12 Disaster

wwwicmtngovindenguedisasterhtm 26 Dec 2004

13 Triage - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

enwikipediaorg rsaquo Health science rsaquo Medicine rsaquo Emergency medicine

14 Volcanoes - United States Search and Rescue Task Force

wwwussartforgvolcanoeshtm

15Krug EG Kresnow MPeddicord JP Dahlberg LL Powell KCCrosby AE Suicide after natural disasters N

Eng J med [serial online]1998 feb 5[Cited 2006 Aug 8]338(6)[373-8] Avalailable from

URLhttpwwwNEJMORG

16 Armageddon Online -2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami

wwwarmageddononlineorg2004_indian_ocean_earthquake_tsuna

21

17 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami - Wikipedia the free

enwikipediaorgwiki2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami

18 Tokyo Mayor Tsunami Was Divine Punishment

wwweurasiareviewcom15032011-tokyo-mayor-tsunami-was-divin

19 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake 91 and Tsunami

wncom2004_Indian_Ocean_Earthquake_91_and_Tsunami_

20polit D FNursing researchprinciples and methods 7th edNewdelhiRippincott Williams and

Wilknes2006p711-35

21 Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and

Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page

no 3-19

22Krug EG Kresnow MPeddicord JP Dahlberg LL Powell KCCrosby AE Suicide after natural

disasters N Eng J med [serial online]1998 feb 5[Cited 2006 Aug 8]338(6)[373-8] Avalailable

from URLhttpwwwNEJMORG

22

23Rautela p indigenous technical knowledge inputs for effective disaster management in the

fragile Himalayan eco system Disaster prevention and management [serial online]2005 April

[cited 2006 Oct12]14(2)[233-4]Available fromURLhttpwwwemeraldinsightcom

24Johnson SD NorthesSmith EM Psychiatric disorders among victims of a courthouse shooting

spree a three year follow up studyCommunity Mental Health journal [serial online] 2002 jun

[Cited 2006 Nov 10]38(3)[181-91]Available fromURLhttpsearchepnetcom

25Sprang G Vicarious stress patterns of disturbance and use of mental health services by those

indirectly affected by the Oklahoma City bombing Psychological reports [serial

online ]2001oct[cited 2006 Nov 10]89(2)[331-8]Available from URLhttpsearch apnetcom

26Rehner TAKolbo JR Trump RSmith C Reid DDepression among victims of South

Mississippis methyl parathion disaster Health and social work [serial online]2000 Oct [Cited

2006 Nov10]61(4)[281-97]Available fromhttpsearchepnetcom

27Bartley BH Stella JB Walsh LDwhat a disasterAssessing utility simulated disaster

preparedness and educational process for improving hospital exercisePrehos P Disaster med

[serial online]2006Jul-Aug[cited 2007Sept1021(4)249-5

AvailablefromURLhttpwwwnebinmnihgovsitesentrez

23

28Bartley B Fisher J Stella J Video of a disaster drill is effective in educating registrars on the

hospital disaster plan Emergency medicines Australasia[serial online]2007Feb

[Cited2007Sep9]19(1)[394]A vailable fromURLhttpwwwBlackwellsynergycomdoiabs

29Hall W Ruthcusick JGaryYuniar etalPreparing for Burn disasterEvaluationof a

contuining education training course for pre-hospital and Hospital professionals in

Kansasjournal of Burn care and Research[serial online]JanFeb2007[Cited 2007 Sep2]28(1)

[97-104]Available fromURIhttpwwwburncarereabComptrejburnerabstract

30QuerishiKristine A Jacqueline Effectiveness of an emergency preparedness training

program for public health nurses in New York City Family and community health[serial

online]2004Sep [Cited 2006 Oct 16]27(3)Available from URL

httpwwwfamilyandcommunityhealthcomptrefchabstract

31Philips BD Metz WE Nieves LADisaster threatpreparedness and potential response of the

lowest income quartile Environmental Hazards [serial online ]2005[Cited2007 Sep 9]6[123-

3]Available fromURL httpwwwelseviercomweatehazards

32White GWFox MHNobody Left BehindFinal Report[serial online]2007 Jul [Cited 2007

Sep17]Available fromhttpwwwnobodyleftbehind2org

rrtcpbsfindingsfinal20Report2NLB20July

24

33Rincon ELinares MYGreenberg B Effect of previous experience of a hurricane on

preparedness for future hurricanesAm J Emerg Med [serial online]2001Jul[cited 2007 Sep

9]19(4)[276-9]Available fromURLhttpwwwncbinmnihgovsitesentrez

34Burda P Chodorowski Z Groszek B Strategic preparedness of selected hospitals to act during

massive chemical disasters Przegl Lek[serial online]2007[Cited2007Sep 9]212-4]Available

fromURLhttpwwwncbinlmnihgovsitesentrez

35Glimore GD Schwan WR McLaughlin MK An assessment of emergency preparedness in

Western WisconsinWMJ[Serial online ]2007 Apr[Cited 2007 Sep 2]106(2)[71-7]Available

from URLhttpwwwncbinlmnihgovsitesentrezDb

36Steinberg LJ Basolo V Burby R Levire JN Cruz AJoint seismic and technologic disaster

Possible impacts and community preparedness in an urban settingNatural Hazards Rev[serial

online]2004 Nov[cited 2007 Sept 9]5(4)[159-69]Available from

URLhttpwwwscitationaiporggetabsservlet

37Hurnen F Clure MJ The effects of increased earthquake knowledge on perceived

preventability of earthquake DamageThe Australian journal of Disaster and Trauma studies

[serial online]1997[Cited 2007 sep19]3Available from URL

httpwwwmasseryacnztraumaissues 1997-3Mcclurelhtm

25

38Takao k Motoyoshisato t Fukuzono k seos Factors determining residents preparedness for

floods in modern megalopolises the case of Tokai flood disaster in japanjournal of risk research

[serial online] 2003[cited 2007 Nov11] [783-4]Available from

URLhttpwwwtandfcoukjournals DOI

39 Kothari CR Research Methodology Methods and Techniques 2nd NewDelhi New age

International p7-33

26

9 Signature of the Candidate

10 Remarks of the Guide

11 Name amp Designation (in Block letters)

111 Guide

112 Signature

113 Head of the Department

114 Signature

12

121 Remarks of the Chairman and principal

27

122 Signature

28

• 1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page no 3-21
• 1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster
• 2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm
• 3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki
• 4
• Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm
• • 9 Emergency management - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiEmergency_management
  • hempfieldemacomemergency Infochange India
  • • 11 Earthquake hazard zoning of India - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
    • 12 Disaster
    • 13 Triage - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
    • 14 Volcanoes - United States Search and Rescue Task Force
    • 16 Armageddon Online -2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami
    • 17 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami - Wikipedia the free
    • 18 Tokyo Mayor Tsunami Was Divine Punishment
    • 19 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake 91 and Tsunami

9 Signature of the Candidate

10 Remarks of the Guide

11 Name amp Designation (in Block letters)

111 Guide

112 Signature

113 Head of the Department

114 Signature

12

121 Remarks of the Chairman and principal

27

122 Signature

28

• 1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page no 3-21
• 1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster
• 2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm
• 3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki
• 4
• Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm
• • 9 Emergency management - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiEmergency_management
  • hempfieldemacomemergency Infochange India
  • • 11 Earthquake hazard zoning of India - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
    • 12 Disaster
    • 13 Triage - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
    • 14 Volcanoes - United States Search and Rescue Task Force
    • 16 Armageddon Online -2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami
    • 17 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami - Wikipedia the free
    • 18 Tokyo Mayor Tsunami Was Divine Punishment
    • 19 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake 91 and Tsunami

122 Signature

28

• 1Tener GoodwinDisaster Nursing and emergency preparedness for chemicalBiological and Radiological Terrorism and other hazardsVeenema EditionSpringer publishing Company page no 3-21
• 1a) IM for Students wwwscribdcomdoc60309163IM-for-Students Disaster
• 2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm
• 3Disaster - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwiki
• 4
• Chemical Disaster Ma2What is disaster karimganjnicindisasterhtm
• • 9 Emergency management - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia enwikipediaorgwikiEmergency_management
  • hempfieldemacomemergency Infochange India
  • • 11 Earthquake hazard zoning of India - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
    • 12 Disaster
    • 13 Triage - Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
    • 14 Volcanoes - United States Search and Rescue Task Force
    • 16 Armageddon Online -2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami
    • 17 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami - Wikipedia the free
    • 18 Tokyo Mayor Tsunami Was Divine Punishment
    • 19 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake 91 and Tsunami