51
What are “Biblical Evidences”? (someone define in one sentence) > Anything that supports the Bible’s claim of being the Word of God 1

What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    2

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

What are “Biblical Evidences”?(someone define in one sentence)

> Anything that supports the Bible’s claim of being the Word of God

1

Page 2: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Expectations for this class:1. I expect everyone (high school and adult!) to ask questions and give answers.2. I also expect everyone to find ONE factoid, news story, something that relates to 

Biblical Evidences and have it ready to share at each class (think “current events” but specifically for Biblical Evidences).

2

Page 3: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

On our journey to “prove” that the Bible IS the Word of God, we must discuss/establish two assumptions first:1. God exists2. God communicates

If the Bible is God’s Word, then it is the vehicle that God has chosen to communicate with us!

3

Page 4: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

This is the key verse for our study.ASK: What is the assurance and the conviction? FAITH (not Biblical Evidences)‐ No one has been saved through Biblical Evidences

ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then?

4

Page 5: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Define key words from Hebrews 11:1:‐ Substance‐ Evidence

This passage is “mind‐blowing”!‐ The writer insists that FAITH is something just as tangible as rocks and trees and 

just as dependable as any other truth or law!‐ All this despite the fact that we have never seen or held faith.

5

Page 6: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

We begin by talking about “evidence” itself. Before we can discuss “what is” and “what is not” a Biblical Evidence, we must understand the word “evidence.”

6

Page 7: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Evidence is something that is true and unchanging. Consider a courtroom:‐ There is evidence. But this evidence does not “belong” to anyone.‐ In fact, both sides (prosecution and defense) are using the same evidence to tell 

two very different/opposite stories!‐ True evidence does not change from story‐to‐story, but different stories can be 

built around evidence.

7

Page 8: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

To help us further understand the concept of “evidence”, we’ll look at EvolutionaryTheory as an example. Let’s take three “arguments” in favor of evolution and see how they relate to/are proof of evidence:1. Homology2. Vestigial Organs3. The Missing Link

8

Page 9: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

One argument of Evolution is Homology ‐ “organisms look the same”. ASK: What is the evidence (fact)? Organisms DO look similar (refer to the graphic).

ASK: Based on the evidence, what do Evolutionists say this proves? What docreationists say this proves? [CLICK]

9

Page 10: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

10

Page 11: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

One argument of Evolution is “vestigial organs” – some organs have unknown purposesASK: What is the evidence (fact)? We DO NOT know what every organ in the human body (or features in other forms of life) does.

ASK: Based on the evidence, what do Evolutionists say this proves? What docreationists say this proves? [CLICK]

11

Page 12: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

12

Page 13: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

As a cap to this point, let us note that Evolutionists’ definition of Vestigial Organs has changed.

SAY: This is an attempt to redefine the evidence! Remember we said that true evidence does not change!

13

Page 14: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

One argument of Evolution is “The Missing Link” (aka Transitional Forms)ASK: What is the evidence (fact)? There ARE fossils of creatures not in existence today.

ASK: Based on the evidence, what do Evolutionists say this proves? What docreationists say this proves? [CLICK]

14

Page 15: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

15

Page 16: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

To further support their point, Evolutionists do this [CLICK]ASK: Is this evidence or interpretation?

ASK: Based on the evidence, what do Evolutionists say this proves? What docreationists say this proves? [CLICK]

16

Page 17: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Read this slide aloud, thenASK: If Evolution is correct, what should the evidence look like? In this case, let’s hypothesize about the fossil record.Discuss, then [CLICK]

17

Page 18: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Recap comments.SAY: In terms of Evolution, this is the expected evidence.

ASK: What does the actual evidence look like? [CLICK]

18

Page 19: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

This evidence (actual fossil record) contradicts the story of Evolution.This IS evidence, but the story around it does not correlate.APPLICATION: If our story does not correlate to the evidence, we must change our story!

19

Page 20: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

1

Page 21: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

A. Unity Of Bible1. 66 books, 40 men, 1500 yr., different backgrounds, places, languages.2. Harmony in structure, theme & doctrine. No contradictions.

2

Page 22: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

First, remind ourselves what the Bible is (slides 2 & 3)Second, ask, “How did it come to be?”

ASK: How did the OT come to be?The Old Testament was given (Ex. 20+) by God directly and confirmed by Jesus (Mt. 5:17). Jesus also quotes from the Psalms more often than any other OT book. This represents the “3 pillars” of the Jewish faith…the Law, the Psalms, the Prophets. Notice that during Jesus’ ministry, the Jews do not debate about the authority of the Old Testament scripture, only the application of it. There is actually very little question about the validity/completeness of our Old Testament because of these factors and the diligence of the Israelites/Jews/Scribes/Pharisees/etc.

3

Page 23: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

ASK: How did the NT come to be?

The New Testament, however, grew. Jesus did not (to our knowledge) write anything down. Instead, he taught orally and directed the disciples/apostles to continue his teaching (Mk. 16:15). These men would later receive the Holy Spirit in order to guide them (read “gradually”) into all truth (Jn. 14:26, 15:26, 16:13; 1 Cor. 2:10‐16; 1 Thess. 2:4, 13). Once the original inspired writings were completed, they were sent (Paul’s epistle, for example), then read, then Christians immediately began making copies of them. As a result, there were many copies of these original works. It follows then, that any other document claiming to be an inspired text would also have had this same textual support ‐ a fact that is not true for many of the writings in question.

4

Page 24: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

5

Page 25: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

6

Page 26: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

7

Page 27: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

If we are willing to accept Aristotle’s and Caesar’s writings as authentic and accurate, why not the Bible?

8

Page 28: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

There are over 10,000 manuscript copies of the Old Testament and more than 5,600 manuscripts of the New Testament with an accuracy that is unrivaled amongst other literature from the ancient world. If we compare the number of Bible manuscripts to other ancient literary works, the Bible far outweighs them in both quantity and quality. 

No one has serious doubts about the authenticity or reliability of other works of ancient literature. Since the Bible is attested to so much better than any literary work before it, we can have complete trust in its accuracy and authenticity. 

Sir William Ramsay say this about Luke: “Luke is a historian of first rank; not merely are his statements of fact trustworthy… this author should be placed along with the very greatest of historians… Luke’s history is unsurpassed in respect of its trustworthiness.”

9

Page 29: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

10

Page 30: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

“The interval then between the dates of original composition and the earliestextant evidence becomes so small as to be a fact negligible, and the lastfoundation for any doubt that the Scriptures have come down to ussubstantially as they were written has now been removed. Both theauthenticity and the general integrity of the books of the New Testament maybe regarded as finally established.”

The Bible and Archeology, Sir Frederic Kenyon

11

Page 31: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

12

Page 32: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

ASK: Why didn’t God canonize the NT and answer all these questions?

The problem with this question is that it assumes that if God had indeed validated the inspired writings, things would somehow be better. The validity of the Old Law was really without question, yet what were the Jews doing with it?Matt. 5 indicates that even though the Jews had a detailed Law, they were still misapplying it and treating it like a laundry list instead of a guide for righteous living (We should note here that when Jesus says, “You have heard it said…”, he is not changing the Law, he is reminding them of the original intent of the Law…to keep them from sin).Now that we have a covenant that focuses on living righteously (instead of adherence to Law), man questions whether we actually have all the Law, thus attempting to invalidate the New Covenant as well.

13

Page 33: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

In general, early church leaders looked at three criteria: 1) ANTIQUITY & APOSTOLICITY — whether a book had been written by an apostle or 

someone associated with the apostles, such as Mark or Luke, 2) ORTHODOXY —was the writing in agreement with traditional doctrines accepted 

from the beginning of the church, and 3) CONSENSUS —whether many churches in diverse locations were using the book. 

Although there was no formula for applying these criteria to various books, these are the kind of norms or principlesmentioned when a church leader comments on whether a particular book is to be accepted or rejected.

14

Page 34: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

There are many misconceptions about this. Look at the brief timeline (handout) and you can see some of the historical events relevant to the “canon” of scripture. There are two significant points to note here:When we look back through history, any time we see men “canonizing” the Bible, it is always in the name of a denomination. Each of these groups/councils/synods/canonization parties was the END of a process, not the BEGINNING. These groups always recognized the authority of existing writings; they never gave authority to any writings.

15

Page 35: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

16

Page 36: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

17

Page 37: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

18

Page 38: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

In general, there are four different categories of books and letters that are not included in the Bible (yet are tied to it in some way ‐ either they deal with religious issues, or historical issues related to the Bible, or they claim to be written by someone from the Bible).

Lost Writings ‐ these are very simply books that were written, referred to in scripture, which we do not have today. We cannot (and should not) deny that these books are lost, but understand that there is no reason to suppose that they contain any “doctrinal” information that we do not have elsewhere.

19

Page 39: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Other Writings ‐ these are writings which, for the most part, deal with spiritual subjects but are almost universally regarded as un‐inspired and often written under pseudonyms (fake names).

20

Page 40: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

The Apocrypha = secret (Latin), obscure (Greek adj.), to hide away (Greek verb) ‐“Writings of dubious authenticity” ‐ there is a HUGE amount of information about the Apocrypha. Most of these works are readily available online and in some versions of the Bible (Catholic) for anyone wishing to read through them.• In 1534 Martin Luther first published “The Apocrypha” in his version of the Bible. 

These books were already in existence; this was merely the first time they were collected together as a separate section in the Bible.

• There was agreement among the Reformers (Martin Luther was one) that the Apocrypha contained "books proceeding from godly men" and therefore recommended reading.

• Catholic and Orthodox Christians regard as fully canonical most of these books called Apocrypha, and their canonicity was explicitly affirmed at the Council of Trent (1546) and Synod of Jerusalem (1672) respectively. They are called deuterocanonical by Catholics and anagignoskomena by the Orthodox.

• These books are never quoted from in the New Testament.

21

Page 41: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Antilegomena ‐ (literally “Spoken against”) these works were, at one time or another, disputed as to whether they could be considered “inspired” (and thus appropriate for teaching, etc.). This term was coined by Eusebius (c. 325) and used to include works that had been written both before and after the 1st century (The Apocalypse of Peter, for example). In my opinion, this is the most “controversial” list because these writing were debated by Christians. The reasons for these writings to be disputed are long and varied ‐ The Epistle to the Hebrews (in our Bible today) for example, was questioned because the author could not be determined, although the content was never disputed. It is important to note that the antilegomena that appear in our Bible today do not appear to have been questioned until much later than they were originally written (3rd

and 4th centuries), about the same time that denominations began to appear in force and sought to solidify their own system of beliefs, etc.

22

Page 42: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Ultimately, we must account for FAITH.“Without faith, it is impossible to please Him” (Heb. 11:6). No matter how big the mountain of evidence we build for the completeness of the current Bible, we must have faith that God has preserved what we need for us. When all is said and done, only a handful of books were ever questioned, and then not until the 4th century! Even with the “contested” books included/excluded, my understanding of God and the requirements for my salvation do not change! Should we read the Shepherd of Hermas? Fine, I still must repent and be baptized for remission of sins (Acts 2:38). Should we leave out James? Fine, I still must be baptized into Christ Jesus in order to walk in newness of life (Romans 6).Any argument that we are not bound by the Bible because it is somehow incomplete is an argument against the power of God!• Jesus said “If you love me, keep my commandments.” (Jn. 14:15)• John said if we do not love God, then we are liars, without the truth (1 Jn. 2).• Therefore, we must know what the commandments are in order to love Jesus.• Would Jesus (the Son of God) really tell us to follow his commandments, then not 

give us all the commandments? Do we somehow think that God was unable to preserve all his commandments for us?

23

Page 43: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

1

Page 44: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

2

Page 45: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

3

Page 46: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

4

Page 47: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

Unity Of Bible ‐ Deut. 6:4.1. 66 books, 40 men, 1500 yr., different backgrounds, places, languages.2. Harmony in structure, theme & doctrine. No contradictions.

How can this number that included

uneducated, fishermen, tax collector,

create a philosophy that changed the

world?

5

Page 48: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

6

Page 49: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

7

Page 50: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

8

Page 51: What 1.pdf · ASK: Why are Biblical Evidences important then? 4. Definekey words from Hebrews 11:1: ‐ Substance ‐ Evidence This passage is “mind‐blowing”! ‐ The writer

9