Chapter 13 Section 1 Questions1. Africa’s savannas _________________________.2. Used in trade caravans across the desert, camels

were nicknamed ______________.3. What great warrior king, called “Lion Prince,”

seized Ghana in 1240? _____________________4. African rain forest kingdoms were

_____________ by the dense forest growth. 5. The great trading center of Zimbabwe supplied

______________ to the East African coast.

The Rise of African Civilizations

• Africa’s geography influenced the rise of its civilizations. The growth of trade led to the exchange of goods and ideas.

Africa’s Geography• Worlds 2nd largest content.• 10% of the land is covered by

rainforest.• Most of Africa lies in the tropics.• Deserts: Sahara to the North & Kalahari

to the south.• Northwest and South have areas good

for farming.• Plateau – an area of high flat land.

Rise of Ghana

Rise of Songhai

Rise of Mali

Rise of Ghana

Rise of Songhai

Rise of Mali

A.D. 400’s - Rose to power.A crossroads of trade.Ghana knew how to make iron weapons.Built a huge army. 200,000 men at any time.Collected taxes on salt and gold from traders

Rise of Ghana

Rise of Songhai

Rise of Mali

A.D. 400’s - Rose to power.A crossroads of trade.Ghana knew how to make iron weapons.Built a huge army. 200,000 men at any time.Collected taxes on salt and gold from traders

A. D. 1200’s Sundiata Keita – 1230 – 1255 – 1st King1240 – seized the capital of Ghana. His conquest put Mali in control of gold mining areas, allowing him to rebuild the gold and salt trade.

Rise of Ghana

Rise of Songhai

Rise of Mali

A.D. 400’s - Rose to power.A crossroads of trade.Ghana knew how to make iron weapons.Built a huge army. 200,000 men at any time.Collected taxes on salt and gold from traders

A. D. 1200’s Sundiata Keita – 1230 – 1255 – 1st King1240 – seized the capital of Ghana. His conquest put Mali in control of gold mining areas, allowing him to rebuild the gold and salt trade.

1468 – Sunni Ali – stormed into Timbuktu and drove out the Berbers.Ordered war canoes to seize the Niger River.Took over salt mines in the Sahara.Lasted almost 100 years.An army from the Arab kingdom of Morocco defeated the Songhai with guns, cannons, and gunpowder.

Kingdoms of the Rain

Forest

The Rise of Axum

East Africa Subtopics

Costal City-

StatesGreat

Zimbabwe

Chapter 13 Section 1 Questions1. Africa’s savannas _________________________.2. Used in trade caravans across the desert, camels

were nicknamed ______________.3. What great warrior king, called “Lion Prince,”

seized Ghana in 1240? _____________________4. African rain forest kingdoms were

_____________ by the dense forest growth. 5. The great trading center of Zimbabwe supplied

______________ to the East African coast.

A Vast & Diverse Contine

nt

The African Platea

u

Africa’s GeographySubtopics

Rise of Ghana• A.D. 400’s - Rose to power.• A crossroads of trade.• Ghana knew how to make iron

weapons.• Built a huge army. 200,000 men at

any time.• Collected taxes on salt and gold from

traders

Rise of Mali• A. D. 1200’s • Sundiata Keita – 1230 – 1255 – 1st

King• 1240 – seized the capital of Ghana. • His conquest put Mali in control of

gold mining areas, allowing him to rebuild the gold and salt trade.

Rise of Songhai• 1468 – Sunni Ali – stormed into

Timbuktu and drove out the Berbers.• Ordered war canoes to seize the Niger

River.• Took over salt mines in the Sahara.• Lasted almost 100 years.• An army from the Arab kingdom of

Morocco defeated the Songhai with guns, cannons, and gunpowder.

East Africa• Axum – due to it’s location on the Red Sea it

served as a trading center for the Mediterranean and East Asian Worlds.

• East Africa City States developed a network of trading ports along the coast and became major links in an Indian Ocean.

• They traded with places as far away as China.

• Zimbabwe – A.D. 700 – supplied gold, copper & ivory to Arabia, Persia, India, and China.

Conclusion• Items that were traded in the kingdoms of

West Africa were Salt and Cloth in the North for Gold and Ivory in the West.

• Mogadishu, Mombasa, Zanzibar, Kilwa were successful because they were part of the Indian Ocean trading network.

• Ghana, Songhai, Benin, Kongo, Kush, Great Zimbabwe developed away from the coast. Their economies were based on control of trade routes, food surpluses, & goods from interior Africa.