1999 ASHRAE Handbook PrefaceThis handbook describes heating, ventilating, and air condition-

ing for a broad range of applications. Most of the chapters from the1995 ASHRAE Handbook have been revised for this volume toreflect current requirements and design approaches. New chapterson HVAC for museums and power plants, information on air qualityin aircraft, additional information on maintaining a proper environ-ment for indoor swimming pools and new information on soundcontrol and building operation make this a particularly useful refer-ence. Because this book focuses on specific applications for HVAC,it provides background information to designers new to the applica-tion as well as to those needing a refresher on the topic. In addition,many chapters include valuable data for design. Some of the revi-sions that have been made are as follows.

• Chapter 4, Places of Assembly, provides more comprehensivedesign information on natatoriums.

• Chapter 5, Hotels, Motels, and Dormitories, includes more infor-mation on hotels and motels, which is reflected in a change in thetitle of the chapter.

• Chapter 8, Surface Transportation, has been substantially revised.It now includes information about European bus air conditioningand the state of the art in railcar air conditioning.

• Chapter 9, Aircraft, has been completely rewritten. It describesthe environmental control systems used in commercial aircrafttoday and their operation during a typical flight. Applicable reg-ulations are summarized and the section on air quality has beenexpanded. Information on air-cycle equipment has been deleted.

• Chapter 12, Enclosed Vehicular Facilities, includes more ventila-tion design information. Research from a tunnel fire test has pro-vided new ventilation design criteria for tunnel ventilation. Thechapter now covers ventilation for toll booths, railroad tunnels,and areas with vehicles that use alternative fuels.

• Chapter 13, Laboratories, has additional information on scale-uplaboratories and compressed gas storage. The sections on internalheat load and Biosafety Level 3 have been expanded.

• Chapter 15, Clean Spaces, greatly expands on pharmaceutical andbiomanufacturing cleanrooms. A new section covers high baycleanrooms.

• Chapter 20, Museums, Libraries, and Archives, is a new chapter.It discusses in detail the importance of relative humidity on col-lections and suggests the degree of environmental control for var-ious types of collections and historic buildings.

• Chapter 21, Environmental Control for Animals and Plants, pro-vides new information on levels of contaminants in livestockbuildings and suggests several methods of control. It includesnew findings on ventilation for laboratory animals.

• Chapter 24, Power Plants, is a new chapter that introduces HVACdesign criteria for the various facilities in electrical generatingstations and in facilities that produce process heat and power.

• Chapter 29, Industrial Local Exhaust Systems, has been greatlyexpanded with much more information about specific types ofhoods and their design and application.

• Chapter 30, Kitchen Ventilation, is updated to reflect codechanges including changed terminology for nonlisted hoods andnew information on exhaust system effluent control.

• Chapter 33, Thermal Storage, has an expanded discussion of con-trol strategies.

• Chapter 34, Energy Management, has new and more comprehen-sive energy consumption data for commercial and residentialbuildings in the United States.

• Chapter 35, Owning and Operating Costs, has updated informa-tion of the impact of refrigerant phaseouts. New information isincluded on financing alternatives, on district energy service andon-site electric generation in view of deregulation, and on com-puter analysis.

• Chapter 39, Building Energy Monitoring, reflects the new direc-tion in this field and focuses on monitoring designed to answerspecific questions rather than broad-based research-oriented pro-grams. The section on accuracy and uncertainty is rewritten.

• Chapter 40, Supervisory Control Strategies and Optimization, hasa new title to reflect its reorganization and the significant amountof new material. The first section defines systems and controlvariables. The second section, which is intended for practitioners,presents computerized control strategies. The third section pre-sents basic optimization methods and is for researchers and devel-opers of advanced control strategies.

• Chapter 41, Building Commissioning, has expanded the informa-tion on the various phases of commissioning.

• Chapter 42, Building Envelopes, is moved from the 1997ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals with minor editing.

• Chapter 43, Building Air Intake and Exhaust Design, is a revisionof the last half of Chapter 15 in the 1997 ASHRAE Handbook.

• Chapter 44, Control of Gaseous Indoor Air Contaminants, hasa greatly expanded section on air cleaning. It includes moreinformation on the equipment used and on its design, energyuse, startup procedures, operation, maintenance, and testingprocedures.

• Chapter 45, Design and Application of Controls, is slightly reor-ganized because the information on control fundamentals wasmoved to the 1997 ASHRAE Handbook.

• Chapter 46, Sound and Vibration Control, describes all currentlyrecognized criteria methods—dBA, NC, RC, RC Mark II, andNCB. New sections include information on: (1) uncertainties thatcan reasonably be expected from the data in the chapter, (2)chiller and air-cooled condenser noise, and (3) data for estimatingceiling plenum insertion loss.

• Chapter 47, Water Treatment, is reorganized and has added infor-mation on biological growth control. A new section covers start-up and shutdown procedures.

• Chapter 49, Snow Melting, includes expanded equations forheating requirements and new load data including maps. Infor-mation on piping materials for hydronic systems has beenupdated.

• Chapter 51, Fire and Smoke Management, includes new sectionson fire management (i.e., through-penetration fire stopping) andon smoke management in large spaces.

• Chapter 53, Seismic and Wind Restraint Design, introduces theproposed International Building Code seismic design equationsand describes several new seismic snubbers. The chapter alsoincludes a new section on wind restraint design.

Each Handbook is published in two editions. One edition con-tains inch-pound (I-P) units of measurement, and the other containsthe International System of Units (SI).

Look for corrections to the 1996, 1997, and 1998 volumes of theHandbook on the Internet at http://www.ashrae.org. Any changes tothis volume will be reported in the 2000 ASHRAE Handbook and onthe Internet.

If you have suggestions for improving a chapter or you wouldlike more information on how you can help revise a chapter, e-mailbparsons@ashrae.org; write to Handbook Editor, ASHRAE, 1791Tullie Circle, Atlanta, GA 30329; or fax (404) 321-5478.

Robert A. ParsonsASHRAE Handbook Editor