The 1968 presidential election marked a shift to the right in
American politics.
Slide 4
Increasing women / teenagers = work force Decline in new
machinery Government regulations cut profits Vietnam = drained tax
dollars = deficit spending high Inflation / Unemployment Oil prices
up and America used all foreign oil Raised Taxes and interest rates
to stop it
Slide 5
Vietnam War biggest foreign policy issue was the Vietnam
War
Slide 6
Knowledge of Foreign Policy Preferred it over American policy
Number one priority was gaining peace in Vietnam Thought U.S.
should be able to run itself Vietnamization Withdraw troops Nixon
Doctrine Honor existing commitments, but Asians / others would have
to fight their own wars w/o large bodies of U.S. troops
Slide 7
Dtente with Russia, China President Nixon tours the Great Wall
of China One of Nixons foreign affairs goals was friendlier
relations with China and the Soviet Union Nixon and Kissinger
developed a foreign affairs policy known as dtente, which means
cooperation
Slide 8
Visits China = February 1972 Economic / diplomatic relations
Neither would dominate Pacific Scientific / cultural exchanges
Reunite Taiwan with mainland
Slide 9
Visits Moscow = May 1972 Brezhnev Sell food - $750 million
worth grain SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) = freezing
nuclear weapons 5 year agreement that limited the number of
intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM) and submarine launched
missiles
Slide 10
Dtente with Russia From 1972 to 1974, tensions between the U.S.
and the Soviet Union eased
Slide 11
Nixon appoints 4 conservative justices Tried to stop the
meddling Warren Court Warren E. Burger = Burger Court Liberal
rulings Roe v. Wade (1973) Legalized abortion
Slide 12
Increased entitlements Food Stamps Medicaid Supplemental
Security Income (SSI) Increase in Social Security = Cost of Living
Hiring quotas = Affirmative Action Opened opportunities for
minorities / women
Slide 13
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Earth Day Clean Air Act
of 1970 Endangered species Act of 1973
Slide 14
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Working
Conditions Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Harmful
products
Slide 15
Election of 1972 Nixon re-elected in a rout
Slide 16
The Pentagon Papers In 1971, a former Defense Department worker
leaked what were known as the Pentagon Papers to the New York Times
The documents showed how our leaders had deceived Congress, the
media, and the public about how the war was going The government
had not been honest with the American people
Slide 17
Yom Kippur War = October 1973 Syrians / Egyptians = surprise
attack on Israel Regain territory Six Day War of 1967 Kissinger
Sec. of State Cease fire diplomacy
Slide 18
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC = 1960 Saudi
Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and Venezuela Gradually raising prices
Embargo on oil shipment to U.S. Shortage = Energy Crisis = price
1974 Resumed selling Price quadrupled
Slide 19
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MwsORIyko0
Slide 20
What was Watergate? One of the largest political scandals in
the history of the United States
Slide 21
What was Watergate? The Watergate scandal occurred when the
Republicans were caught spying on the Democrats at the Democratic
Headquarters
Slide 22
What was Watergate? Watergate became a major scandal when
President Nixon lied about his role in the break-in and tried to
cover it up
Slide 23
Senate Committee Hearings Televised Nixon denies knowledge
Obstructing justice?? Tape recorded Oval office conversations Nixon
refused to hand over tapes I am not a crook
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5tgrssDn1w
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5tgrssDn1w Saturday Night Massacre
= Oct. 20, 1973 Fired his prosecutor Fired Attorney General, and
Deputy Attorney General
Slide 24
Spring 1974 Agrees to release a portion of tapes ( were edited)
Obscenities July 24, 1974 Supreme Court Ruled = turn over all tapes
3 subpoenaed tapes June 23, 1972 Conversation with Chief Aide
Smoking Gun tape 6 days after Watergate New about it Ordered CIA to
hold back inquiry by FBI Cover-up House Judiciary Committee
Impeachment Obstruction of justice Abuse of power Contempt of
Congress
Slide 25
August 8, 1974 Resigns before he could be impeached Televised
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEOGJJ7UKFM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEOGJJ7UKFM Constitution works
Cleaned its own house
Slide 26
On August 9, 1974, Richard Nixon became the first American
president to resign Nixon Resigns
Slide 27
Gerald Ford became the nations 37 th president. More than 30
government officials went to prison for their role in Watergate.
Nixon was not one of them. In September 1974, Ford gave Nixon a
full pardon. There was a public distrust of the government that
continues to this day.
Slide 28
1974 - 1976
Slide 29
Gerald Ford = August 1974 Selected, not elected Pardons Nixon
Democrats outraged tried to Fix economy by Conserving WIN = Whip
Inflation Now Recession Worst in 40 years
Slide 30
1976 - 1980
Slide 31
Election 1976 Republicans = Gerald Ford Democrats = James
Carter Jimmy Peanut farmer Former Governor of Georgia Baptist Ill
never lie to you Carter wins 297 to 240 = 51% of popular vote
Democratic majority
Slide 32
I will never lie to the American People Focused on the
countries energy and economic crisis Believed America needed to cut
dependence of Foreign oil Urged Americans to cut consumption
Slide 33
Tax on gas guzzling cars Tax cuts on alternative fuel ideas
Helped a little Inflation is on the rise Standard of living is
dropping His popularity is dropping
Slide 34
Cut off military aid to those countries who violated human
rights Gave Panama Canal back to Panamanians Pardoned 10,000 draft
evaders DTENTE Falls
Slide 35
Economy fails Inflation above 13% Very high gas prices and
interest rates Middle east is the main problem Camp David Accords
first signed peace agreement between Israel and an Arab country,
Egypt.
Slide 36
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kz6O9L7 QBno
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kz6O9L7 QBno 444 days Ayatollah
Khomeini
http://abcnews.go.com/Archives/video/nov-11-1979-iran-hostage-crisis-
11929103
Republican = Ronald Reagan New Right common man against big
government Traditional values = Family Actor = B grade President of
the Screen Actors Guild Governor of California = 1966-74
Slide 39
Democrats = Jimmy Carter Problems in party ABC = Any body but
Carter Senator Ted Kennedy Reagan wins 489 to 49 Republicans gain
control of Senate
Slide 40
Smaller government policies $ 35 Billion in cuts Social
programs = Food stamps cut Lowered taxes Assassination attempt in
81 John Hinckley Jr. 6 shots = all survived
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Bj6aOgfcJ U
Slide 41
Budget Cuts Tax cuts Increase in Defense spending Supply-side
Economics If people paid fewer taxes they would save more money.
Banks could then loan more which would increase productivity
Stimulate new investments Boost productivity Economic growth Reduce
federal deficit 1982 Beginning = Recession
Slide 42
Expand military Threaten Soviets with new arms race Missile
Defense Strategic Defense Initiative Star Wars Strategic Defense
Initiative Orbiting battle stations Keep missiles from hitting
America
Slide 43
Nicaragua Rebel group = Sandinistas Anti-American Overthrew the
dictator Creating a base for Soviet / Cubans Central America
Shipping weapons to El Salvador Reagan sent military advisers to El
Salvador Sent CIA to help rebel Contras opposing the
Sandinistas
Slide 44
Republicans = Ronald Reagan Democrats = Walter Mondale Carters
VP VP Geraldine Ferraro 1 st female Reagan Wins 525 to 13
Slide 45
Communism continues Tiananmen Square Beijing Government lifted
grip on business Students began to demand freedom of speech and
greater voice in government Protest in Tiananmen Square Chinese
government orders military to crush protests
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/10872869/Archive-footage-25th-anniversary-of-
Tiananmen-Square-massacre.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/10872869/Archive-footage-25th-anniversary-of-
Tiananmen-Square-massacre.html
http://www.nbcnews.com/video/nightly-news/52086829#52086829
Slide 46
Mikhail Gorbachev Radical reforms Glasnost-openness
Perestroika-restructuring of Soviet society Encouraged
non-communist governments and democracy in Eastern Europe Reagan
Berlin Wall Speech http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MDFX-dNtsM
Slide 47
Regan / Gorbachev 4 Summits INF Treaty Intermediate Range
Nuclear Forces Treaty Banning two classes of missiles from Europe
Allow nations to make on-site inspections Both sides compromised
End to Cold War
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/11219434/Berlin-Wall-How-the-Wall-came-down-as-
it-happened-25-years-ago-live.html
Slide 48
American hostages Captured by Muslim extremist group = Lebanon
1985 = America secretly sales arms to Iran Fighting against Iraq
Iran would then help obtain the release of the hostages Money Iran
paid for weapons
Slide 49
Violated a ban to give military aid rebels Negotiate with
rebels?? Washington was supporting Iraq Saddam Hussein Sold weapons
= used against Iran Reagan claimed innocence
Slide 50
Couldnt balance budget $ 2 Trillion in National debt Slow
growth of government Block / repeal social programs Religious right
Pro-life Sandra Day OConnor 1 st female justice Affirmative Action
Roe v. Wade 89 States legislate
