••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

1950-1961

In 1950 need felt for preparation of master plan.

Publication of report by health survey and development committee and report made by recommendations about town and country planning.

Recommendation:

⁻ Creation of ministry of housing and town planning in every province.

⁻ Directorate of town planning

After 1947 :-

Large migration due to partition rehabilitation.Non existence of comprehensive plans.

Lack of organization of town planning department.

5 year plan periodsThe development in the

in the field of planning

1 FIVE YEAR PLAN (1951 – 1956)

Only a passing reference to town and country planning.⁻ Noted to have a national town and country planning act.

⁻ Major emphasis was given on the agricultural sector which serves the employment to the 63% population of India.

⁻ Housing for industrial workers (1952).⁻ Housing for low income group-L.I.G. (1954).

⁻ Housing for plantation workers (1956).

II FIVE YEAR PLAN (1956 – 1961)

Stressed that the states-to have phased programmed of prepared master plans.

- Regional planning- ITPI – setup in 1951 with 19 members.- Ministry of urban development created .- DDA (Delhi Development Authority) formed -1961 Delhi master plan published NCR delineated.

- Major emphasis was given to the industrial sector.

- State Slum Clearance Board and Housing Board (1956).

1954 Bombay

town planning act, 1954 came into force in 1957, to prepare master plan.

By 1961*14-15

states had town

planning act.

* 200 towns had started

the preparation of master

plan.

In 1959U.P.

Muncipal Corporation

act (functions

of Muncipality

+ UIT)

Between 26 Jan 1950 and 1 Nov 1956 there were four types of divisions:States under a Governor,States under a Rajpramukh,States under a Chief Commissioner, andOne territory.

From 1956There were only states (former Governor and

Rajpramukh states) andUnion territories (former Chief Commissioner

states and the territory).

Formation of states

Delhi15 Aug 1947                Province 26 Jan 1950                State  1 Nov 1956                Union territory

Uttar Pradesh15 Aug 1947                United Provinces 26 Jan 1950                Uttar Pradesh state

Tamil Nadu15 Aug 1947                Madras province 26 Jan 1950                State

Rajasthan  1 Nov 1956                Rajasthan

Punjab15 Aug 1947                Province 26 Jan 1950                State

MAJOR STATES

Andhra Pradesh1 Oct 1953                Andhra State created from part of

Madras1 Nov 1956                Andhra Pradesh.

Hyderabad26 Jan 1950                State 1 Nov 1956                Part of Andhra Pradesh State.

Himachal Pradesh15 Apr 1948                Province 26 Jan 1950                State  1 Nov 1956                Union territory 

Maharashtra15 Aug 1947                Bombay province 26 Jan 1950                State  1 May 1960                Divided into Maharashtra and

Gujarat. Madhya Pradesh

15 Aug 1947                Central Provinces and Berar1 Nov 1956                Merged with Madhya Bharat, Bhopal,

andVindhya Pradesh to form Madhya Pradesh state.

Andaman and Nicobar 26 Jan 1950                Territory  1 Nov 1956                Union territory

 Assam15 Aug 1947               Province 26 Jan 1950                State 

Bihar15 Aug 1947               Province 26 Jan 1950              State

Dadra and Nagar-Haveli22 Jul 1954                Dadra liberated by Indian nationalists (Free

Territory of Dadra). 28 Jul 1954         Narolia liberated by Indian nationalists (Free

Naroli).2 Aug 1954           Nagar Haveli liberated by Indian nationalists. 15 Aug 1954           Named Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli. 11 Aug 1961          Union territory of Dadra and Nagar-Haveli.

OTHER STATES

Daman and Diu19 Dec 1961                Goa, Daman, and Diu occupied by

India. 16 Mar 1962              Annexed by India (recognized by

Portugal in 1974);                              Goa, Daman, and Diu Union Territory (see Goa). 

Goa19 Dec 1961                Goa, Daman, and Diu occupied by

India. Gujarat 

1 May 1960                Gujarat created from part of Bombay state (see Maharashtra).

Kutch1948                       Province 26 Jan 1950                State  1 Nov 1956                Part of Bombay.  1 May 1960                Part of Gujarat.

Kerala  1 Jul 1949                Travancore-Cochin state formed. 1 Nov 1956                Renamed Kerala.

Lakshadweep  1 Nov 1956                Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands union territory (separated from Madras [see Tamil Nadu]).

Saurashtra1948                       State  1 Nov 1956                Part of Bombay.  1 May 1960                Part of Gujarat.

Madhya Bharat1948                       State 1 Nov 1956                Part of Madhya Pradesh.

Bhopal1 Jun 1949                State 1 Nov 1956                Part of Madhya Pradesh

Nagaland14 Aug 1947                Naga declare independence from Britain (not

recognized).22 Mar 1956                Secession from India declared by Naga rebels

(not recognize).1 Dec 1963                Nagaland state created from part of Assam.

Orissa 15 Aug 1947                Province26 Jan 1950                State 

Punducherry (Pondicherry)1 Nov 1954                French India becomes de facto part of India. 16 Aug 1963                De jure transfer to India. 7 Jan 1963                Pondicherry union territory1 Oct 2006                Renamed Puducherry.

Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU)15 Jul 1948                State1 Nov 1956                Part of Punjab.

Manipur15 Oct 1949                State 1 Nov 1956                Union territory

Ajmer15 Aug 1947                Ajmer-Merwara province 26 Jan 1950                Ajmer state 1 Nov 1956                Part of Rajasthan  

Vindhya Pradesh1948                       State  1 Nov 1956                Part of Madhya Pradesh.

Tripura 15 Oct 1949                Province 26 Jan 1950                State  1 Nov 1956                Union territory

West Bengal15 Aug 1947                Province 26 Jan 1950                State

Chandernagar20 Jun 1949                Chandernagor votes to join India. 2 May 1950                Transferred to India, formally from 11 Apr

1952 (previously part of French India).2 Oct 1954                Part of West Bengal.

This era is mainly for development of regional planning.

Delhi master plan published in 1961 was planned for population of 6 million in 1981. This plan divided city into 8 divisions.

Some points:-

National Building Organization was established to design low cost housing.

The School of Planning & Architecture in Delhi and a Regional & Town Planning Department at the IIT Kharagpur were established to train personnel in town and country planning.

Probably the leading protagonist for the idea of a central agency for urban and regional planning, has been the Institute of Town Planners, India.

Physical scenario:-

The institute was set up in 1951 with 19 members with chief objectives;

Enactment of Comprehensive Town and Country Planning Legislation in every State and at the Center.

Expansion of educational institutions in planning, establishment of town planning departments in the central and state governments, and gaining for planners not only power to plan but also to implement.

Physical scenario :-

Ministry of Works & Housing (Ministry of Urban Affairs) was established.

A central planning organization was formed in 1955 under the Ministry of Health and charged with the preparation of a Master Plan for Delhi Region. This was the first initiative at the central government in, 1957. A Delhi Development Authority was set up to implement the plan.

Political :-

It merely noted that their should be National

Town & Country Planning Act, but no action was

taken for the legislation of such an act.

However, the first two Five Year Plans made only

a passing reference to town and country planning.

Whereas, these plans sought to achieve rapid

industrialization on urbanization and the need for

physical planning was largely ignored.

Political :-

After gaining Independence in 1947, the

central issue in India in the area of public

policies had been economic development.

Socio economic :-

It was noted that “Unless there is adequate

forethought and planning, industrial progress will

be accompanied by serious social and other

problems in urban areas which may become

increasingly difficult to manage”.

The plan further suggested that “Each state

should have a phased programme for the survey

and preparation of master plans for all important

towns…., in order that this might be

accomplished, town and country planning

legislation should be enacted in all states and

necessary machinery should be set up”.

Planning practices :-

It also emphasized the need of regional planning to evolve

‘balanced urban-rural regions in the country.

The Delhi Master Plan was published in 1961 and was

planned for a population of 6.0 million in 1981.

The plan divided the city into eight planning divisions

which were proposed to be ‘self contained’ in terms of

employment, residential areas, shopping and other

requirements.

It also adopted some elements of the Howard’s Garden

City concept by proposing urban Delhi as the core of Delhi

Metropolitan Area.

Interpretation and findings :-

The Plan also delineated a Delhi Centered

Region(National Capital Region) comprising of a

substantial rural hinterland with urban centers therein.

The Delhi Master Plan became a model for the local

authorities in different states to be emulated.

The Delhi Master Plan also introduced the concept of

zoning and sub-division regulations as chief elements of

Master Plans.

The Master Plan for Delhi, also focused the attention of

planners in favour of planning for city-centered regions

instead of merely for the built-up limits of city and

environs.

Interpretation and findings :-

Scientific policy resolution (1958):-

It recognised that –

National prosperity lies in “technology, raw

material & capital”

Technology most important

Wealth of a nation depends on industrialisation

S&T can make up for deficiencies in raw material.

Industries development and regulation act (1951).

Subsequent developments:-Policies

THANK YOU