1914 - 1919 “War to End All Wars” The “War to End All Wars” The Aftermath of World War One All photographs used are believed to be in the public domain

1914 - 1919

The “War to

“War to

End All

End All

Wars”Wars”

The Aftermath of World War OneAll photographs used are believed to be in the public domain

What can you see?

Photos of The Great War - www.gwpda.org/photos/greatwar.htm

Prior to WW 1 all the nations made preparations for it with an Arms Race. Were they prepared for

this???

The death toll. The death toll. United States had United States had 1,300,000 serve but 1,300,000 serve but only 115,000 only 115,000 casualtiescasualties

What can you see?


What effect would this level of devastation have upon the people of France and Belgium in

particular?


Who would be expected to pay for most of the damage caused during the war?

How did life change for women

within those countries at war?

What can you see?

Women’s role in Industry INCREASED

Think of those soldiers who had had limbs amputated, or those who were suffering from Shell Shock....

How did life change for those that returned from the war with serious injuries or illness?

How was the

World effecte

d by WWI?

PoliticalPolitical

SocialSocial

• Women gained Women gained support for support for 1919thth amendment amendment (right to vote)(right to vote)

•African-African-Americans Americans migrated north migrated north for jobs in for jobs in factoriesfactories

END

EconomicEconomic

How was the

World effecte

d by WWI?

PoliticalPolitical

•U.S returns to U.S returns to policy of policy of ISOLATIONISMISOLATIONISM

•League of Nations League of Nations formed to keep formed to keep peace peace

•Schenk vs. U.S. Schenk vs. U.S. doctrine of “clear & doctrine of “clear & present danger” present danger” impacted Bill of impacted Bill of RightsRights

SocialSocial

• Women gained Women gained support for support for 1919thth amendment amendment (right to vote)(right to vote)


END

EconomicEconomic

How was the

World effecte

d by WWI?

PoliticalPolitical

•U.S returns to U.S returns to policy of policy of ISOLATIONISMISOLATIONISM

•League of Nations League of Nations formed to keep formed to keep peace peace

•Schenk vs. U.S. Schenk vs. U.S. doctrine of “clear & doctrine of “clear & present danger” present danger” impacted Bill of impacted Bill of RightsRights

SocialSocial

• Women gained Women gained support for support for 1919thth amendment amendment (right to vote) (right to vote) “Suffrage”“Suffrage”


END

EconomicEconomic

•Many areas of Europe destroyed

•Caused economic problems in Europe

•Heavy financial burdens of war reparation$ for Germany cause resentment & anger

•U.S. prospered due to WWI= $$$ on increased imports/exports

What were REPARITIONS?

Map of Europe AFTER WWI:

What do you see?

REPARATIONS REPARATIONS refers to the payments and transfers of property and equipment that Germany was forced to make under the Treaty of Versailles (1919 ).

Schenk vs. United StatesContext of the Case

• Congress passes Espionage Act– it is a crime to interfere with the recruitment of soldiers

• Charles Schenck is arrested and charged with violating the Espionage Act for distributing flyers urging young men to avoid the military draft

Outcome of the Case




Outcome of the Case

• The Court stated that words were used in such a way "and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that… Congress has a right to prevent.”




Outcome of the Case

• The Court stated that words were used in such a way "and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that… Congress has a right to prevent.”

• Ruled not all speech was constitutionally protected

& gave example of someone yelling "fire!" in a crowded theater.

Why Should This Matter to You???

• Affected FREE SPEECH in America

• Established the doctrine of “CLEAR AND PRESENT DANGER”

• Doctrine determines under what circumstances LIMITS can be put on FREEDOMS of SPEECH, PRESS & ASSEMBLY.

These are YOUR 1st

Amendment rights….

Post WW 1 Economy

• Europeans resume farming and feeding themselves THE RESULT:

• This causes US food prices to be low due to all the excess food not being sent to Europe.

• Farmers begin destroying food to make prices rise to help pay their costs of farming

• High prices cause labor in city to have work strikes because their money doesn’t buy as much

Show What You Know – Quick Review

1) Which European country had the highest DEATH TOLL?

GERMANY

2) Repayments used as punishment after war are called…

REPARITIONS

3) What RIGHT did women gain after WWI with the 19th amendment?

RIGHT TO VOTE

4) Many ___ migrated north during WWI for factory jobs & more freedom.

AFRICAN-AMERICANS

5) The U.S. returned to its policy of __________ after WWI.

ISOLATIONISM

6) The ORGANIZATION formed to keep world peace was the _________

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

7) The Supreme Court case affecting FREEDOM OF SPEECH was ________

SCHENK vs. UNITED STATES

8) What constitutional amendment does this case (in #7) involve?

FIRST AMENDMENT

9) The doctrine of “ _________ & _________ _________” determines what

limits can be put on the freedoms of speech, press & assembly.

CLEAR & PRESENT DANGER

And…..

10) What is the most important thing you should know about WWI?Due to the:Due to the:• Harsh terms of the Treaty of VersaillesHarsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles• ESPECIALLY the reparations of land & money from GermanyESPECIALLY the reparations of land & money from Germany• German people were unhappy, angry & resentfulGerman people were unhappy, angry & resentful

MADE ATMOSPHERE IN GERMANY RIPE FOR MADE ATMOSPHERE IN GERMANY RIPE FOR SOMEONESOMEONE TO GAIN TO GAIN POWER & CONTROL, EVENTUALLY POWER & CONTROL, EVENTUALLY LEADING TO WWII LEADING TO WWII JUST 20 JUST 20 YEARS LATER….YEARS LATER….

German Inflation• How do you pay a debt back when your

money is worthless?

BUT first…We have the ROARING 20’S

&

The 1930’s & the GREAT DEPRESSION

I am waiting

Documents

1914 - 1919 “War to End All Wars” The “War to End All Wars” The Aftermath of World War One All photographs used are believed to be in the public domain