Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
19-22 December 2020
BUET, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Organizers 5
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, BUET 11
Technical Program Summary of ICChE 2020 15
List of Plenary and Keynote Lectures 17
List of Regular Papers 19
Detailed Technical Program 31
Plenary Lectures 56
Keynote Lectures 68
Abstracts of Regular Papers 102
Full paper – Plenary Lecture 1 212
Program Sponsors 236
`
4
Chair Prof. Dr. Rafiqul Gani
CEO, PSE for SPEED, Denmark-Thailand
Co-Chairs Prof. Dr. Iqbal M Mujtaba
University of Bradford, UK
Prof. Dr. M. A. A. Shoukat Choudhury
BUET, BD
Members
• Professor Dr. André Bardow, ETH-Zurich
• Professor Dr. A Rashid Hasan, Texas A&M University, USA
• Professor Dr. Azlan Hussain, University of Malaysia, Malaysia
• Assistant Professor Dr. Anjan K Tula, Zhejiang University, China
• Professor (Retired) Dr. A K M A Quader, Bangladesh University of Engineering
and Technology, BD
• Associate Director Dr. Debalina Sengupta, Texas A&M Energy Institute, USA
• Professor Dr. Eduardo Peres-Cisneros, UAM-Iztapalapa, Mexico
• Professor Dr. Fenggi You, Cornell University, USA
• Professor Dr. Iftekhar Abubakar, Karimi, National University of Singapore, Sg
• Professor Dr. Ijaz Hossain, Dean, Faculty of Engineering, Bangladesh University
of Engineering and Technology, BD
• Dr. Khaliqur Rahman, Director and Chief Engineering Advisor, Engineering
Resources International Ltd
• Associate Professor Dr. Kazi Bayzid Kabir, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Associate Professor Dr. Lei Zhang, Dalian University of Technology, China
• Professor Dr. Mariano Martin, University of Salamanca, Spain
5
• Professor Dr. Marc-Olivier Coppens, University College London, UK
• Professor Dr. Mauricio Sales-Cruz, UAM-Cuajimalpa, Mexico
• Professor Dr. Mani Bhushan, IIT-Mumbai, India
• Professor Dr. Md. Zahangir Alam, IIUM, Kualalumpur, Malaysia
• Associate Professor Dr. Munawar Abdul Shaik, UAE University, UAE
• Associate Professor Dr. Mohidus Samad Khan, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Assistant Professor Dr. M M Faruque Hasan, Texas A&M University, USA
• Assistant Professor Dr. M. Toufiq Reza, Florida Institute of Technology, USA
• Assistant Professor Dr. Nirupam Aich, University of Buffalo, USA
• Professor Dr. Raman Singh, Monash University, Australia
• Professor Dr. Hesham A. El Enshasy, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia
• Professor Dr. Stratos Pistikopoulos, Texas A&M University, USA
• Professor Dr. Shafiur Rahman, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
• Professor Dr. Santanu Bandyopadhyay, IIT-Bombay, India
• Associate Professor Dr. Salim Ahmed, Memorial University of Newfoundland,
Canada
• Associate Professor Dr. Shahinoor Islam, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Associate Professor Dr. Shoeb Ahmed, Bangladesh University of Engineering
and Technology, BD
• Assistant Professor Dr. Seyed S Mansouri, DTU-Denmark
• Associate Professor Dr. Tariq Mahmud, University of Leeds, UK
• Professor Dr. Venkat Venkatasubramanian, Columbia University, USA
6
Chair Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology
Member, Scientific Advisory Board, Organization for the Prohibition of
Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
Members
• Prof. Dr. Ijaz Hossain, Dean, Faculty of Engineering, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology
• Prof. Dr. Iqbal Mahmud, Emeritus Professor, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
• Prof. Dr. Jasimuz Zaman, Chair, 5th International Conference on Chemical
Engineering- ICChE 2017
• Dr. Mohammed Mahbubur Rahman, Head, Department of Petroleum and
Mineral Resources Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology
• Dr. Sheikh Reaz Ahmed, Head, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
• Dr. Md. Shakhawat Hossain Firoz, Head, Department of Chemistry,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
• Dr. Mihir Ranjan Halder, Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, Khulna
University of Engineering and Technology
• Dr Abu Yousuf, Head, Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer
Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
• Prof. Dr. Biplob Kumar Biswas, Professor, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology
• Engr. Quazi Md. Ziaul Hoque, Chairman, Chemical Engineering Division, The
Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh
• Professor Dr. Dil Afroza Begum, President, BUET Chemical Engineering Alumni
Association
7
• Mr. Vishal Mothreja, Chief Executive Officer, RAK Paints Limited, a subsidiary
of Kansai Paints –Japan
• Mr. Md. Rabiul Haq Chowdhury, Chief Corporate Officer, Karnaphuli Fertilizer
Company Ltd
• Mr. Hafiz Sikander, Chief Executive Officer, Shah Cement Industries Ltd
• Mr. Rahman Murshed, Former Member, Bangladesh Energy Regulatory
Commission
• Mr. Md. Nurul Aktar, Chief Executive Officer & Director, Energypac Electronics
Ltd
• Mr. Jawaherul Gani, Managing Director, Modern Erection Ltd
• Mr. Rashed Maksud Khan, Chairman, Bengal Fine Ceramics Ltd
8
Chair Prof. Dr. Rafiqul Gani
CEO, PSE for SPEED, Denmark-Thailand
Co-Chair Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md. Iqbal Hossain
Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, BD
Sub-committee Chairs
• Internet Platform Management: Assoc. Professor Dr. Kazi Bayzid Kabir,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, BD
• Registration: Assoc. Professor Dr. Nahid Sanzida, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• International Relations: Professor Dr. Ijaz Hossain, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Food: Asst. Professor Dr. Md. Easir Arafat Khan, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Cultural Program: Asst. Professor Dr. Nafisa Islam, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Reception: Emeritus Professor Dr. Iqbal Mahmud, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Budget & Finance: Professor Dr. Mominur Rahman, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Design Competition: Assoc. Professor Dr. Kazi Bayzid Kabir, Bangladesh
University of Engineering and Technology, BD
• Poster Competition: Assoc. Professor Dr. Tanvir Sowgath, Bangladesh
University of Engineering and Technology, BD
9
Sub-committee Members
• Professor Dr. Iqbal M Mujtaba, University of Bradford, UK
• Professor Dr. M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Professor Dr. Mohammad Mainul Karim, University of Dhaka, BD
• Assoc. Professor (Retd.) Sirajul Haque Khan, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, BD
• Assoc. Professor Dr. Mohammad Ismail, University of Dhaka, BD
• Asst. Professor Dr. M Faruque Hasan, Texas A&M University, USA
• Asst. Professor Dr. M Nuruzzaman Khan, University of Dhaka, BD
• Asst. Professor Dr. Kawnish Kirtania, Bangladesh University of Engineering
and Technology, BD
• Asst. Professor Hazzaz Bin Yousuf, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, BD
• Asst. Professor Kaniz Fatema, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, BD
• Asst. Professor Ahaduzzaman Nahid, Bangladesh University of Engineering
and Technology, BD
• Asst. Professor Tanvir Islam, University of Dhaka, BD
• Lecturer Mesbah Ahmad, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, BD
• Lecturer Swarit Ahmed Shadman, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, BD
• Lecturer Nishat Tabassum, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, BD
10
Established in 1948, the Department of Chemical Engineering (ChE) at BUET has so far
produced more than 1600 graduates. Many of the ChE graduates are now well established in
industry and academia both at home and abroad.
Over the years the ChE Department at BUET has focused on classical chemical engineering
education, with emphasis on fundamentals, core components of which were fluid dynamics,
heat and mass transfer, transport phenomena and process design. As the chemical
engineering curricula evolve the Department is constantly endeavoring to keep pace with the
changing trends in this field. The Department is working closely with various stakeholders,
including reputed universities of the world to ensure that the curricula fit the new and
expanding domains of chemical engineering. The undergraduate and postgraduate programs
are regularly being updated to meet national and international requirements. The
Department is expanding its education and research in the extended domain of chemical
engineering. Some of these new areas are:
• Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering
• Biotechnology
• Food Safety and Human Health
• Energy Efficiency and Sustainability
Chemical engineering Undergraduate students can choose one of the five specialization
groups:
• Chemical Technology
• Chemical Engineering Science
• Biochemical Engineering
• Environmental Science
• Petroleum Engineering
11
The department offers M. Sc. (50% research component), M. Engineering (17% research
component) and PhD (83% research component) degrees in chemical engineering. The main
research areas include:
• Environmental science
• Process control
• Biotechnology
• Energy
• Catalysis
• To become a leading chemical engineering department in South Asia by 2025 through
innovation, research and academic excellence.
• To produce visionaries with entrepreneurship skills for the advancement of chemical
industries of the nation.
• To provide world class education on classical chemical engineering along with
emerging topics so that the graduates are suitably prepared to take up positions in a
wide range of industries, academia and research fields at national and international
level.
• To excel in research activities in diverse fields of safety, control, biochemical, energy
and environment
• To prepare students so that they are able to take up various positions in the traditional
chemical and petroleum industries, as well as in the fields of biotechnology, consumer
products, electronic materials, energy, food, polymers, pulp and paper, and the
environment.
• To prepare graduates to take up challenges in professional practices and engage in a
lifelong learning process.
12
(PhD, University of Alberta)
Professor
Process safety, Chemical safety and security, Separation, Effluent treatment
(PhD, UMIST)
Professor Emeritus
Corrosion Engineering
(PhD, University College London)
Professor and Dean of Engineering
Energy and Environment
(PhD, University of Alberta)
Professor
Process Control; Energy Efficiency
(PhD, BUET)
Professor
Environmental Pollution Management
(PhD, University of Alberta)
Associate Professor
Environmental Engineering
(PhD, NCSU)
Associate Professor
Bioenvironmental Engineering
(PhD, Monash University)
Associate Professor
Gasification, CTL, Catalysis
(PhD, University of Bradford)
Associate Professor
Process Modelling & Optimization
(PhD, Loughborough University)
Associate Professor
Process Control
Dr. Md. Iqbal Hossain
(PhD, NTU)
Assistant Professor
Diagnostic Techniques; GT
(PhD, Monash University)
Associate Professor
Bio & Environmental Technology
(PhD, NTU)
Assistant Professor
Hazard & risk analysis, Air pollution, EIA
(PhD, NCSU)
Associate Professor
Biomaterials and Applications
(PhD, Monash University)
Associate Professor
Bioenergy, Biofuels, Catalytic Gasification
(PhD, NTU)
Associate Professor
Diagnostic Techniques, GTL
13
(M.Sc., BUET)
Assistant Professor
Environmental Engineering
(M.Sc., BUET)
Assistant Professor
Process Control
(B.Sc., BUET)
Lecturer
Environmental Engineering
(B.Sc., BUET)
Lecturer
Biochemical Engineering
(B.Sc., BUET)
Lecturer
Environmental Biotechnology
14
Continues in next page
19-Dec-20
Time (Local)
03:00 - 03:30 pm Inaugural Ceremony
Yellow color boxes show the chair and co-chairs of the sessions
03:30 - 04:30 pm Plenary Lecture 1: Prof AKMA Quader Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology
Chair: Prof Iqbal Mujtaba, Co-Chair: Prof. M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
Parallel Technical Sessions will include 20 min oral presentations selected from the submitted abstracts
20-Dec-20
09:00 - 09:45 am Plenary Lecture 2: Prof Stratos Pistikopoulos Texas A&M University, USA
Chair: Prof. Syeda Sultana Razia Co-Chair: M.M. Faruque Hasan
09:45 - 10:15 am Keynote 1: Dr. A. Mauricio Sales Cru, Mexico Chair: Prof. Md. Zahangir Alam
Co-Chair: Prof. Md. Mominur Rahman
Keynote 2: Dr. Nirupam Aich, UB, USA Chair: Prof Abu Yousuf
Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Shahinoor Islam 10:15 - 10:45 am
Keynote 3: Dr. M.Faruque Hasan, TAMU
Keynote 4: Dr. Toufiq Reza, FIT, USA
10:45 am - 01:05 pm
Chair: Prof. Syeda Sultana Razia Co-Chair: Prof. M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
Chair: Dr. Nahid Sanzida Co-Chair: Dr. Nurur Rahman
Chair: Dr. Mohidus Samad Khan Co-Chair: Dr. Jahid Ferdous
Chair: Prof. Dr. Shakhawat H Firoz Co-Chair: Dr. Easir Arafat Khan
Technical Session 1: Safety Paper ID: 24, 26, 67, 81, 85, 99, 112
Technical Session 2: Modelling Paper ID: 76, 88, 69, 31, 118, 119
Technical Session 3: Bio-chemical Paper ID: 3, 8, 27, 05, 54, 106
Technical Session 4: Environment Paper ID: 74, 80, 84, 90, 98, 75
01:05 - 02:00pm Lunch and Prayer Break
02:00 - 02:30pm Keynote 5: Prof. Dr. Iqbal Mujtaba, UK Chair: Prof. M.A.A. Shoukat
Choudhury Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Tanvir Sowgath
Keynote 6: Dr. Shoeb Ahmed, BUET Chair: Prof. Md. Zahangir Alam Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Iqbal Hossain
02:30 - 03:00 pm Keynote 7: Prof. Dr. Hesham Ali El-Enshasy, UTM, MY
Keynote 8: Dr. Kawnish Kirtania, BUET
03:00 - 05:05pm
Chair: Prof Akther Hossain Co-Chair: Dr. Nafisa Islam
Chair: Nahid Sharmin Co-Chair: Dr. Chanchal K. Roy
Chair: Dr. Md. Shahinoor Islam Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Easir Arafat Khan
Chair: Prof. Syeda Sultana Co-Chair: Prof. Biplob Kumar Biswas
Technical Session 5: Materials Paper ID: 6, 113, 33, 68, 78
Technical Session 6: Environment Paper ID: 13, 109, 116, 63, 32
Technical Session 7: General Chem Engg; Paper ID: 77, 83, 107, 108
Technical Session 8: Air pollution Paper ID: 97, 30, 39, 58, 86
04:00 - 04:05 pm Prayer Break
05:30 - 07:00 pm Poster Chat Sessions POSTER LOBBY: Poster Presenters are requested to be available from 5:30 pm to 7:00 pm each day Paper ID: 12, 15, 34, 36, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 57, 66, 70, 73, 89, 91, 110, 111, 120, 121, 124,125, 127, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135
15
21-Dec-20
08:40 - 10:00am
Chair: Dr. Md. Azizur Rahman Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Easir Arafat Khan
Chair: Dr. Abu S. Jamaluddin Co-Chair: Dr. Kawnish Kirtania
Chair: Prof. Al-Nakib Chowdhury Co-Chair: Dr. Nahid Sanzida
Chair: Prof. Dr. Md. Abdul Matin Co-Chair: Prof. Tanvir Ahmed
Technical Session 9: Petroleum Paper ID: 55, 40, 9
Technical Session 10: Energy Paper ID: 115, 37, 16, 17
Technical Session 11: Materials Paper ID: 2, 95, 123
Technical Session 12: Environment Paper ID: 18, 21, 29
10:00 - 12:00 pm Session for Memorial Lectures for Late Prof. SAM Mannan and Prof. Nazmul Karim
Chair: Prof. Syeda Sultana Razia Co-Chair: Dr. M.M. Faruque Hasan
12:00 -12:30 pm
Keynote 9: Prof. Dr. Md. Zahangir Alam, IIU, MY
Chair: Prof. Dr. Hesham Ali El-Enshasy Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Shakhawat H Firoz
Keynote 10: Dr. Md. Shahinoor Islam, BUET Chair: Prof. Raman Singh
Co-Chair: Dr. Kazi Bayzid Kabir 12:30 - 01:00 pm
Keynote 11: Dr. Mohidus Samad Khan, BUET
Keynote 12: Prof. Dr. Abu Yousuf, SUST
01:00 - 02:00 pm Lunch and Prayer Break
02:00 - 03:20pm
Chair: Prof. Md. Mominur Rahman Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Tanvir Sowgath
Chair: Prof. Biplob Kumar Biswas Co-Chair: Dr. Nurur Rahman
Technical Session 13: Energy Paper ID: 103, 102, 101
Technical Session 14: General Chem Engg Paper ID: 71, 50, 96, 105
03:25 - 04:10 pm Plenary Lecture 3: Prof Marc-Olivier COPPENS University College London, UK
Chair: Prof Iqbal Mujtaba, Co-Chair: Prof. M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
04:10 - 04:15 pm Prayer Break
04:15 - 05:00 pm Plenary Lecture 4: Prof Andre Bardow ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Chair: Prof Iqbal Mujtaba, Co-Chair: Prof. M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
05:30 - 07:00 pm Poster Chat Sessions (Same as 20 Dec)
22-Dec-20
09:00 - 09:45 am Plenary Lecture 5: Prof. Venkat Venkatasubramania, Columbia University, USA
Chair: Prof. Ijaz Hossain Co-Chair: Prof. Syeda Sultana Razia
09:45 - 10:15 am Keynote Lecture 13: Prof Saad A Khan, North Carolina State University, USA
10:15 - 10:45 am Keynote Lecture 14: by Prof Raman Singh, Monash University, Australia
10:45 - 11:00 am
Concluding Remarks and Vote of Thanks Prof. Rafiqul Gani and Prof Syeda Sultana Razia
16
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title
Pl-1 A.K.M.A. Quader Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL): In
Retrospect
Pl-2 Stratos Pistikopoulos Towards a Circular Economy Systems Engineering
Framework
Pl-3 Marc-Olivier Coppens Nature-Inspired Chemical Engineering, a NICE
Approach to Sustainability and Innovation
Pl-4 André Bardow From Molecules to a Circular Chemical Industry
Pl-5 Venkat
Venkatasubramanian
Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Engineering:
Past, Present, and Future
Ken-1 Mauricio Sales-Cruz Sustainable design of the 2G bioethanol
production process through process
intensification
Ken-2 Nirupam Aich Envisioning Innovative Nano-Enabled Water
Treatment Technologies in the 2020s
Ken-3 M. M. Faruque Hasan Synergistic Process Intensification: Frameworks
and Applications
Ken-4 Toufiq Reza Hydrothermal Carbonization: Opportunities and
Challenges
Ken-5 Iqbal M Mujtaba Application of Reverse Osmosis in Water
Desalination and Wastewater Treatment
17
Ken-6 Shoeb Ahmed Utilization of Chemical Engineering Principles for
Clinical and Nutraceuticals Innovations: A
Bangladesh Perspective
Ken-7 Hesham A. El Enshasy Bioprocess Development for Gluconic acid
Production Using Free and Immobilized Cells of
Recombinant Aspergillus niger
Ken-8 Kawnish Kirtania Role of Alkali During Catalytic Gasification of
Biomass: A Morphological Approach
Ken-9 Md Zahangir Alam Achieving Zero Waste Towards A Sustainable
Society
Ken-10 Md. Shahinoor Islam Textile Wastewater Treatment Challenges and
Prospects of Electrochemical Processes
Ken-11 Mohidus Samad Khan Bioactive Papers: A Futuristic Tool for Health,
Food, And Environmental Applications
Ken-12 Abu Yousuf Electroporation in Biofuel Processing
Ken-13 Saad A. Khan Creating Multifunctional Hybrid Cellulose-Metal
Aerogels with Hierarchical Structures
Ken-14 Raman Singh Graphene Coatings: A Disruptive Approach to
Durable Corrosion Resistance of Metals and Alloys
18
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
2 Salman Haque and Aminul
Islam
Effect of Types of Natural Fibers on
Tensile Properties of Epoxy-Based
Polymer Composite
Oral
3 Baishali Barua Pooja, Azratul
Bashar Tusi, Nishat
Tabassum and Md. Iqbal
Hossain
Investigation of Bangladeshi Centella
Asiatica, Moringa Oleifera and
Azadirachta Indica for Antioxidants
Oral
5 Fahim Rashid Choudhury,
Azmain Akash and Md. Iqbal
Hossain
Study of Hibiscus Rosasinensis as A
Feedstock for Natural Colorant to
Food
Oral
6 Roksana Parvin and Akther
Hossain
Investigation of the Electronic
Properties of Spinel Type Magnetite:
An Ab- Initio Approach
Oral
8 Md. Moshiur Rahman, Md.
Owaleur Rahman, Marufa
Khatun, Esmat Ara Eti, Dr.
Md. Jahangir Alam and K. M.
Anis Ul Haque
A Novel Catalyst from Fruit Peels for
Biodiesel Production
Oral
9 Dr Sirshendu Guha and
Souvik Guha
Quantification of Inherent Energy
Resilience of Process Systems: Gas
Sweetening Unit
Oral
12 Nafisa Islam, Mizanul Hoque,
Sayeed Sazzad, Shaafique
Chowdhury, Parisa Farzeen
and Md. Masirul Afroz
Extraction and Evaluation of
Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan
from Fungal Species A. Niger and S.
Cerevisiae
Poster
13 Sabiha Momtaz Tisha, Tasnia
Rahman Chowdhury and
Md. Delwar Hossain
Heavy Metal Contamination and
Ecological Risk Assessment in the
Soil of Tannery Industry at Savar
Oral
19
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
15 Farzad Hossain, Arafat A.
Bhuiyan, Afshana Morshed
and Ahmed Kadhim Hussein
Municipal Solid Waste Management
by Extracting Bio-Fertilizer
Poster
16 Farzad Hossain, Arafat A.
Bhuiyan, Afshana Morshed
and Ahmed Kadhim Hussein
Non-Biodegradable Solid Waste
Management by Extracting Pyrolytic
Fuel
Oral
17 M.S. Shajol, M.T.H. Tuhin and
R. Hasan
Assessment of Thin Cement-Sand
Mortar Sheet Performance as Proton
Exchange Membrane, A Study in Bio-
Electrochemical System
Oral
18 M.T.H. Tuhin, M.A. Tajik, I.
Shawkat and S.H. Shahrin
Evaluation of A Single Pass Filtration
System Using Textile Wastewater
Oral
21 Md Samiul Alom, Farjana
Badhon, Shampa Rani Haldar
and Tonmoy Saha
Implementation of Rain Water in
Preparatory Processes as Well as
Dyeing of Knitted Cotton Fabric and
Compare the Effects with Ground
Water
Oral
24 Nishat Tasnim, Mohammed
Tahmid, Nusrat Jahan and
Syeda Sultana Razia
Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)
and Route Optimization for Hazmat
Transport Using Accident Database
Oral
26 Joyati Biswas Suchi, Samiha
Zaman and Syeda Sultana
Razia
Life Cycle Based Risk Assessment of
Portable LPG Cylinders
Oral
27 Md Hasan Shahriar Raby,
Fahmina Binte Hossain, Md
Anisur Rahman, Mostofa
Shoroar Shuvo, Md Shahadat
Hossain and Abu Yousuf
Baker Yeast Production from
Sugarcane Molasses Using Orange
Peel as Biocatalyst
Oral
29 Dr. Muhammad Rabiul Alam Innovated Equation Indicates the
Scientific Design of Green Jute Plant
Utilities in Paper, Jute and Textile
Sectors
Oral
20
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
30 M.A. Tajik, M.S.U. Jaman,
M.A.A. Noman, M.T.H. Tuhin
and M.S. Rana
Correlation Between Traffic Emission
& Traffic Volume, A Case Study of
Gec Intersection, Chittagong
Oral
31 Ashfaq Iftakher,
Ahaduzzaman Nahid, Seyed
Soheil Mansouri, Rafiqul Gani
and M.A.A.Shoukat
Choudhury
Application and Performance
Evaluation of Model Predictive
Controllers on Reactive Distillation
Processes
Oral
32 Nahid Jahan, Farhana N
Ahmed, Md. Robiul Alam,
Rajata Suvra Chakrovorty
and Md. Forhad Hossain
Design and Development of a Pilot
Plant for Steam Distillation for
Essential Oil Production
Oral
33 Md. Mahmud, Md. Shamim
Hasan, Md. Riajul Islam
Sardar and Bapi Mondal
Assessment of Biodegradable
Polymer from Potato-Based Starch
Oral
34 Tashfiqul Islam and Farian
Mehjabin
Prospects of Bio Fuel Generation for
Transport from Food Waste in
Bangladesh
Poster
36 Shahriar Ahmed, Ashiqur
Rahman, Alif Al-Maruf, Antar
Banik, Abdul Momin, Nazia
Hossain and Md. S Zubayer
An Analysis on the Morbidity of Slum
Dwellers: A Case Study of Rajshahi
City.
Poster
37 Abu Jamaluddin, Charles
Benson, Roberto Pelizzari,
Seth Marty, Thomas Young,
Rex Isaacs and Joseph Renk
Development, Testing and
Demonstration of a Fuel-Flexible
Burner for Fired Heaters
Oral
39 Juhaer Akhtab, Asif Mahmud
Tanvir and Abdullah Al
Noman Prince
Analyzing the Relation Between Air
Quality Index and Transportation
Mode: A Contextual Investigation of
Chittagong City Corporation
Oral
40 Kaushik Manikonda, Abu
Rashid Hasan, Nazmul
The Effects of Drilling Fluid Swelling
from Gas Dissolution on Gas Kick
Detection
Oral
21
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
Rahmani and Mohammad
Azizur Rahman
41 Orakotch Padungwatanaroj,
Arisa Robin, Nichakorn
Kuprasertwong, Rafiqul Gani
and Kornkanok Udomwong
An Efficient Lcsoft Tool for Life Cycle
Assessment of Chemical Process
Case Studies
Poster
42 Arisa Robin, Orakotch
Padungwatanaroj, Nichakorn
Kuprasertwong, Anjan Tula
and Rafiqul Gani
Computer-Aided Tool for Fast,
Efficient and Sustainable Process
Flowsheet Design
Poster
43 Nichakorn Kuprasertwong,
Orakotch Padungwatanaroj,
Arisa Robin, Surat Areerat,
Anjan Tula, Lei Zhang and
Rafiqul Gani
Fast, Efficient & Reliable Chemical
Properties Estimation Through A New
Class of Software Tools
Poster
44 Orakotch Padungwatanaroj,
Arisa Robin, Nichakorn
Kuprasertwong, Anjan
Kumar Tula, Lei Zhang and
Dr. Rafiqul Gani
Computer Aided Tool for Chemical
Product Design: New Features and
Applications
Poster
45 Abu Yousuf, Md. Shahadat
Hossain, Md. Anisur Rahman,
Tahmid Ul Karim and
Mahade H. Onik
Effect of Single and Mixed Inoculum
on Biogas Yield During Dry Anaerobic
Digestion of Organic Municipal Solid
Waste
Poster
46 Md Hasan Shahariar Raby,
Mostofa Shoroar Shuvo, Md
Shahadat Hossain and Abu
Yousuf
Energy Recovery from Alcohol
Distillery Spent Wash of Carew and
Co.
Poster
50 Moontaha Farin, Sumaiya
Jasmine and Easir A. Khan
Preparation of Activated Carbon
Fiber from Cotton Waste: Evaluation
of Performance for Basic Textile Dye
Methylene Blue Adsorption
Oral
22
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
54 K. M. Nazmus Sakib, S. M.
Nafiz Ahmed, Abdullahil
Mubdee and Kawnish
Kirtania
Biochar Production from Waste
Biomass Using Modular Pyrolyzer for
Soil Amendment
Oral
55 Mohammad Islam
Miah and Salim Ahmed
Data-Driven Connectionist Model for
Reservoir Quality Index Prediction
Oral
57 Md. Shahriar Hossain, Suprio
Kamal, Mahbub Chowdhury,
Md. Tariful Islam
and Kawnish Kirtania
A Parametric Study on Co-Feeding of
Municipal Solid Waste and Coal in An
IGCC Power Plant with Pre-
Combustion Carbon Capture
Poster
58 Md. Shakhawat Hossain,
Mahfuzur Rahman Sakib and
Tanzim Ahmed
A Critical Comparison on the Air
Quality Difference Between A
Congested City and A Green City
and the Reasons Behind This and
How to Resolve the Problem: A Case
Study on Dhaka & Rajshahi
Oral
63 Nahid Jahan, Farhana
Ahmed, Nahid Sharmin and
Md. Badrul Abedin
A Process for Waste Water
Treatment Using Elecrto Coagulation
Reactor (ECR)”
Oral
66 Ifat Sharmin and Easir A.
Khan
LPG Storage Safety and Risk
Assessment
Poster
67 Fahim Shahriar Sakib,
Riazuddin Ahmed and Easir
A Khan
Study of Fire Growth Behavior of a
Residential Apartment Using Fire
Dynamic Simulator
Oral
68 Laila Hossain, Joanne Tanner
and Gil Garnier
Structure and Swelling of Crosslinked
Nanocellulose Foam
Oral
69 Nishat Tasnim, Mysha
Momtaz and Nahid Sanzida
Surrogate Modeling & Optimization
of A Nonlinear Batch Reactor by
Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE)
Oral
23
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
70 Md. Zaved Khan, Md.
Morshed Alam, Md. Sadek
Bacchu and Md. Romjan Ali
A Highly Sensitive Poly-Arginine
Based MIP Sensor for Selective
Detection of Important Drugs
Poster
71 Mahmudul Hasan, Anindya
Karmaker and Ahaduzzaman
Nahid
Performance Improvement
Opportunities of Compressed Air
System: Roadmap and Simulation
Oral
73 Mahbub Chowdhury, Md.
Tariful Islam, S.M. Riajul
Wahab, A.K.M. Zakir Hossain
and Shoeb Ahmed
in Vivo Study of Antidiabetic Effect of
Methanolic Natural Extract in Alloxan
Induced Diabetic Mice
Poster
74 Mahmudul Hasan, Anindya
Karmaker and Shoeb Ahmed
Assessment of Pollution Loads from
Major Process Industries in
Bangladesh Using Industrial Pollution
Projection System
Oral
75 Abdullah Al Moinee and
Nahid Sanzida
Performance Analysis of Different
Anode Materials of a Double
Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell
Oral
76 Rahatul Hasan, Md. Khairul
Bahar, Md Noor A Alam, Md
Yasin Ali and M.A.A. Shoukat
Choudhury
Modeling and Optimizing Parameters
of Condensers in Split Type Room Air
Conditioners
Oral
77 Tulie Chakma, Zarin Shaima
Nidhi and Dr. Md. Mominur
Rahman
Pelletized Compost for Ease of
Transportation and Effective Nutrient
Release
Oral
78 Md. Moynul Islam Electrodeposition of Cd-Te Alloys
from Choline Chloride Based Room
Temperature Ionic Liquid
Oral
80 Nishat Tabassum, Al Ibtida
Sultana and Shoeb Ahmed
Application of Novel Graphite-Starch
Electrodes for Power Generation and
Heavy Metal Remediation in Single-
Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells
Oral
24
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
81 Uddipta Mondal, Nishat
Salsabil and Easir Khan
Safety Performance Assessment of
Hazardous Chemical Facilities in
Bangladesh Using Indexing Approach
Oral
83 Taslima Ferdous, M. Abdul
Quaiyyum and Md Sarwar
Jahan
Evaluation of Crops Residues as
Pulping Raw Materials: Eggplant,
Cassava, Okra and Mulberry Plants
Oral
84 Abrar Zadeed Ahmed, Shah
Md. Masum, Mohammed
Monjur Ul Islam, Rafiqul
Islam and Md. Ashraful Islam
Molla
Fabrication of B/Sn-Doped Zno
Nanoparticles for the Photocatalytic
Remediation of Toxic Textile Dye
Under Solar Irradiation
Oral
85 M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
and Akma Quader
Investigation of Ammonia Storage
Tank Failure at Di-Ammonium
Phosphate Plant in Chittagong,
Bangladesh
Oral
86 Musfekur Rahman Dihan, S.
M. Abu Nayeem and M.A.A.
Shoukat Choudhury
Impact of Trans-Boundary Pollution
(PM-2.5) on the Air Quality of Dhaka
City in Bangladesh
Oral
88 Sirazam Munira Aishee,
Jannatul Ferdous and Shoeb
Ahmed
Application of Dispersion Modelling
to Assess the Pollution Impact from
Different Fossil Fuel-Driven Power
Plants
Oral
89 Ashiqur Rahman, Tanjina
Tarannum, Razia Sultana and
Syeda Sultana Razia
Phytoremediation for Chromium
Removal from Tannery Waste
Contaminated Area
Poster
90 Farah Haque, Shafkat Sharif,
Rathin Chakraborty,
Mohammed Abed Hossain
and Mohidus Samad Khan
Characterization of Textile ETP
Sludge (TES) and Experimental
Analysis of Sludge Management
Options
Oral
91 Mesbah Ahmad, Majed Alam
Abir and Mohidus Samad
Khan
Technical and Economic Aspects of
Reusing Textile Effluent as Process
Water: A Case Study of Denim
Dyeing Factory
Poster
25
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
95 Samiul Kaiser and
Mohammad Salim Kaiser
Color Deviation of Copper Under
Different Environments
Oral
96 M.G. Toufik Ahmed, Sk. Yasir
Arafat Siddiki, Kawnish
Kirtania and Kazi Bayzid
Kabir
Hydrogen Production from Dry
Reforming of Natural Gas: A
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study
Oral
97 S.M. Tanveer Mahtab,
Ahaduzzaman Nahid, Ashfaq
Iftakher, Mohammad A.
Motalib and M. A. A. Shoukat
Choudhury
Study of Air Quality in Bangladesh – A
Historical Analysis
Oral
98 Sumaya Humayra, Laila
Hossain, Selim Reza Hasan
and Mohidus Samad Khan
Pollution Load Assessment and
Water Footprint Calculation of
Leather Industry in Bangladesh
Oral
99 Syeda Sultana Razia,
Sharmin Jahan Mim, Jannatul
Ferdous and Md Mizanur
Rahman Jony
Occupational Risk Assessment in
RMG, Textile and Ship Breaking
Industries of Bangladesh
Oral
101 Sk. Yasir Arafat Siddiki, M.G.
Toufik Ahmed, Kawnish
Kirtania and Kazi Bayzid
Kabir
Environmental Sustainability of
Cooking Fuels in Bangladesh: A Life-
Cycle Assessment of Fuels in Use and
Their Potential Alternatives
Oral
102 Nafisa Tarannum, Banhee
Shikha Roy Brishti, Sadia
Dima and Kawnish Kirtania
Life-Cycle Impact Assessment of
Fossil Power Plants with and Without
CO2 Capture Evaluating the
Possibility of CO2 Utilization
Oral
103 Mst. Farzana Asad, Naimul
Arefin, Md Tahseen Islam,
Anas Hossain Makki and Kazi
Bayzid Kabir
Dry and Wet Torrefaction of Biomass:
A Comparative Study
Oral
26
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
105 Abdullah Iqbal and Mizuki
Tsuta
Application of Fluorescence EEM for
the Detection of Adulterants in
Honey
Oral
106 Anika Ferdous, Md. Mursalin
Rahman Khandaker, Farid
Ahmad, John Liton Munshi
and Mohidus Samad Khan
Study of Growth Kinetics of High
Lipid Content Algae in Local
Environment
Oral
107 Dilip Kumar Sarkar, A. K
Mahmud Hasan, Md
Shahinuzzaman, Md. Khan
Sobyel Bin Rafiq and Md
Akhtaruzzaman
Doping of Zn in Pbs Thin Film
Through CBD Method to Modify of
Photo-Electric Properties
Oral
108 Syeda Sultana Razia, Md
Easir Arafat Khan, Anjan K
Tula, Lei Zhang and Rafiqul
Gani
A Model-Data Based Chemical
Analysis System
Oral
109 Dr. A.N.M. Al-Razee, Halima
Binte Harub and Dr. Ahsan
Habib
Assessment of Physicochemical
Parameters of Surface Waters of
Karnafully River at Potenga-Anwara
Area, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Oral
110 Md. Hasan Ali, Md. Abubakar
Siddique and Tanveer
Mahmud Silva
Optimal Site Selection of Solar Power
Plants in Bangladesh Using Fuzzy
Logic
Poster
111 Maisa Rahman, Taiaba Binte
Hossain, Sadia Sattar, Md.
Sajjad Hossain and Pabitra
Chandra Das
Hot Air Drying of Banana (Musa
Paradisiaca L.) Peel: Kinetics and
Mathematical Modelling
Poster
112 Md. Ahosan Habib Rakib,
Tarikul Islam, Mohammed
Tahmid, C M Touhid Amin
Peng. and Dr. Syeda Sultana
Razia
Failure Probability of Pressure Safety
Valves: Case Study of a Gas
Processing Plant
Oral
27
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
113 Shamsun Nahar Khan New and Novel Natural Products into
Evidence Based Clinical Practice
Oral
115 Manali Zantye, Akhil Arora
and M.M. Faruque Hasan
Future Clean Energy Pathways:
Carbon Capture, Renewables,
Batteries, Or Fossil Fuels – What
Should We Invest on?
Oral
116 Md. Muhaiminul Islam Sohan,
Md. Ripon Biswas and
Mohammad Nurur Rahman
Effect of Microparticle in the
Thermoplastic Starch (Tps) Polymer
Plasticized with Glycerol
Oral
118 Md. Shafiul Islam, Md.
Sumon Ali, Mohammad
Nurur Rahman and Pabitra
Chandra Das
Heat and Mass Transfer Predictive 3D
Model of Mango Kernel During
Convection Oven Drying Process
Oral
119 Md. Shafiul Islam, Md.
Sumon Ali, Mohammad
Nurur Rahman and Pabitra
Chandra Das
3D Model of Heat Distribution During
Convective Drying of Potato Slice
with Different Thickness
Oral
120 Hridoy Roy, Sumaia Afroz,
Amzad Hossain, Chanchal K.
Roy and Shakhawat H.Firoz
Improvement of Mechanical
Properties of Nanocomposite
Hydrogel Using Metal Ion Binding
Poster
121 Mysha Momtaz, Akther H.
Reaz, Yeasin A. Tarek,
Nusrat Jahan, Hridoy
Roy, Ayesha
Sharmin, Chanchal
Roy and Shakhawat Firoz
Investigation of Electrical Double
Layer Capacitance (EDLC) Behavior
of Activated Carbon Derived from
Waste Tire
Poster
123 Rizwanur Rahman, Thomas
F. Headen and Michael P.
Hoepfner
Hard Particle-Like Behavior Observed
in A Real Liquid Hydrocarbon System
Oral
28
Paper
ID
Author’s Name Paper Title Paper
Form
124 Hd. Razu Ahmmed, Md.
Ikramul Hasan, Mohammad
Ismail and Md. Golam
Mortuza
Production and Evaluation of
Biodiesel from Pithraj (Aphanamixis
Polystachya) Seeds Available in
Bangladesh
Poster
125 M.A. Islam and M.S. Haque Nano Fillers to Reduce Water
Absorption of Natural Fibre
Reinforced Polyester Matrix
Composite
Poster
127 Arjan Saha, Kashfia Nehrin,
Mahazabin Mim and Sourav
Sutradhar
Endosome Membrane Coated
Nanogel: An Advanced Treatment for
Cervical Cancer
Poster
130 Adhir Chandra Paul, Readul
Alam Shuvo and Md. Moshiur
Rahman Tushar
Treatment of Tannery Wastewater
Through Calcium Carbonate from
Mollusca (Snail Shell)
Poster
131 Muhammad Samir Ullah, Md.
Firoz Uddin, Rowshon Satara
and Sm Rubayatul Islam
Temperature Dependence of
Magnetic Hysteresis Loop of V2O5
Added Ni-Co-Zn Ferrites
Poster
132 Adhir Chandra Paul, Md.
Nafis Sadik and Md.
Shahedur Rahman Rony
Variations of Foot Measurement of
Primary School Going Students
Through Binary Logistic Regression
Analysis-A Case Study in Khulna
Region
Poster
133 Adhir Chandra Paul, Syed
Ishmam Rakin and A.S.M.
Ragib Ahasan Munna
Effect of Leather Trimming and Neem
Fiber on the Mechanical and Thermal
Property of Cement Based Materials
Poster
135 Aditi Dey Tithi, Yead
Jewel, Shoeb Ahmed and
Jahid Ferdous
Investigation of the Structure and
Activity of Class Id Ribonucleotide
Reductase Relevant to Vital
Therapeutic Interventions
Poster
29
30
19 December 2020, Saturday
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
03:00 - 03:30
pm
Inaugural Ceremony
Welcome address by Chairman of ICChE 2020 Conference
Address by the Special Guest
Address by the Chief Guest
Address by the Chairman of Steering Committee, ICChE 2020
03:30 - 04:30
pm
Plenary Lecture 1 Chair: Prof. Dr. Iqbal M Mujtaba
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. M.A.A. Shoukat
Choudhury
03:30 - 04:30
pm
Title: Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL): In Retrospect
Speaker: Professor (Rtd.) Dr. A. K. M. A Quader,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
31
20 December 2020, Sunday
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
09:00 - 09:45 am Plenary Lecture 2 Chair: Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. M. M. Faruque Hasan
Title: Towards a Circular Economy Systems Engineering Framework
Speaker: Professor Dr. Stratos Pistikopoulos, Texas A&M University,
USA
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event Details to Join
Virtually
09:45 - 10:45 am Keynote 1 & 3 Chair: Prof. Dr. Md. Zahangir
Alam
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Md.
Mominur Rahman
09:45 - 10:15 am Title of Keynote 1: Sustainable Design of the 2G
Bioethanol Production Process through Process
Intensification
Keynote 1 Speaker: A. Mauricio Sales Cruz,
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana – Cuajimalpa,
Mexico
Choose
Keynote 1 & 3
from Zoom
10:15 - 10:45 am Title of Keynote 3: Synergistic Process
Intensification: Frameworks and Applications
Keynote 3 Speaker: M. M. Faruque Hasan, Texas
A&M University, USA
09:45 - 10:45 am Keynote 2 & 4 Chair: Prof. Dr. Abu Yousuf
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md.
Shahinoor Islam
09:45 - 10:15 am Title of Keynote 2: Envisioning Innovative Nano-
Enabled Water Treatment Technologies in the
2020s
Keynote Speaker 2: Nirupam Aich, University at
Buffalo, USA
Choose
Keynote 2 & 4
from Zoom
10:15 - 10:45 am Title of Keynote 4: Hydrothermal Carbonization:
Opportunities and Challenges
Keynote Speaker 4: Toufiq Reza, Florida Institute of
Technology, USA
32
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
10:45 am
- 01:05 pm
Technical Session 1:
Safety
Chair: Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. M.A.A. Shoukat
Choudhury
Choose Technical Session 1: Safety from Zoom
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
10:45 - 11:05 am 24 Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) and Route
Optimization for Hazmat Transport using Accident
Database
Authors: Nishat Tasnim, Mohammed Tahmid, Nusrat Jahan
and Syeda Sultana Razia
11:05 - 11:25 am 26 Life Cycle based Risk Assessment of Portable LPG Cylinders
Authors: Joyati Biswas Suchi, Samiha Zaman and Syeda
Sultana Razia
11:25 - 11:45 am 67 Study of Fire Growth Behavior of a Residential Apartment
Using Fire Dynamic Simulator
Authors: Fahim Shahriar Sakib, Riazuddin Ahmed and Easir
A. Khan
11:45 am - 12:05
pm
81 Safety Performance Assessment of Hazardous Chemical
Facilities in Bangladesh Using Indexing Approach
Authors: Uddipta Mondal, Nishat Salsabil and Easir A. Khan
12:05 - 12:25 pm 85 Investigation of Ammonia Storage Tank Failure at Di-
Ammonium Phosphate Plant in Chittagong, Bangladesh
Authors: M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury and A.K.M.A. Quader
12:25 - 12:45 pm 99 Occupational Risk Assessment in RMG, Textile and Ship
Breaking Industries of
Bangladesh
Authors: Syeda Sultana Razia, Sharmin Jahan Mim, Jannatul
Ferdous and Md Mizanur Rahman Jony
12:45 - 01:05 pm 112 Failure Probability of Pressure Safety Valves: Case Study of
a Gas Processing Plant
Authors: Md. Ahosan Habib Rakib, Tarikul Islam,
Mohammed Tahmid, C M Touhid Amin Peng. and Syeda
Sultana Razia
33
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
10:45 am
- 01:05 pm
Technical Session 2:
Modeling
Chair: Dr. Nahid Sanzida
Co-Chair: Dr. Nurur Rahman
Choose Technical Session 2: Modelling from Zoom
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
10:45 - 11:05 am 76 Modeling and Optimizing Parameters of Condensers in
Split Type Room Air Conditioners
Authors: Rahatul Hasan, Md. Khairul Bahar, Md Noor A
Alam, Md Yasin Ali and M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
11:05 - 11:25 am 88 Application of Dispersion Modelling to Assess the
Pollution Impact from Different Fossil Fuel-driven Power
Plants
Authors: Sirazam Munira Aishee, Jannatul Ferdous and
Shoeb Ahmed
11:25 - 11:45 am 69 Surrogate Modeling & Optimization of a Nonlinear Batch
Reactor by Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE)
Authors: Nishat Tasnim, Mysha Momtaz and Nahid Sanzida
11:45 am - 12:05
pm
31
Application and Performance Evaluation of Model
Predictive Controllers on Reactive Distillation Processes
Authors: Ashfaq Iftakher, Ahaduzzaman Nahid, Seyed
Soheil Mansouri, Rafiqul Gani and M.A.A.Shoukat
Choudhury
12:05 - 12:25 pm 118 Heat and Mass Transfer Predictive 3D Model of Mango
Kernel During Convection Oven Drying Process
Authors: Md. Shafiul Islam, Md. Sumon Ali, Mohammad
Nurur Rahman and Pabitra Chandra Das
12:25 - 12:45 pm 119 3D Model of Heat Distribution During Convective Drying
of Potato Slice with Different Thickness
Authors: Md. Shafiul Islam, Md. Sumon Ali, Mohammad
Nurur Rahman and Pabitra Chandra Das
34
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
10:45 am
- 01:05 pm
Technical Session 3:
Bio-chemical
Chair: Dr. Mohidus Samad Khan
Co-Chair: Dr. Jahid Ferdous
Choose Technical Session 3: Biochemical from Zoom
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
10:45 - 11:05 am 03 Investigation of Bangladeshi Centella Asiatica, Moringa
Oleifera and Azadirachta Indica for Antioxidants
Authors: Baishali Barua Pooja, Azratul Bashar Tusi, Nishat
Tabassum and Md. Iqbal Hossain
11:05 - 11:25 am 08 A Novel Catalyst from Fruit Peels for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Md. Moshiur Rahman, Md. Owaleur Rahman,
Marufa Khatun, Esmat Ara Eti, Md. Jahangir Alam and K. M.
Anis Ul Haque
11:25 - 11:45 am 27 Baker Yeast Production from Sugarcane Molasses Using
Orange Peel as Biocatalyst
Authors: Md Hasan Shahriar Raby, Fahmina Binte Hossain,
Md Anisur Rahman, Mostofa Shoroar Shuvo, Md Shahadat
Hossain and Abu Yousuf
11:45 am - 12:05
pm
05
Study of Hibiscus Rosasinensis as a Feedstock for Natural
Colorant to Food
Authors: Fahim Rashid Choudhury, Azmain Akash and Md.
Iqbal Hossain
12:05 - 12:25 pm 54 Biochar Production from Waste Biomass using Modular
Pyrolyzer for Soil Amendment
Authors: K. M. Nazmus Sakib, S. M. Nafiz Ahmed, Abdullahil
Mubdee and Kawnish Kirtania
12:25 - 12:45 pm 106 Study of Growth Kinetics of High Lipid Content Algae in
Local Environment
Authors: Anika Ferdous, Md. Mursalin Rahman Khandaker,
Farid Ahmad, John Liton Munshi and Mohidus Samad Khan
35
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
10:45 am
- 01:05 pm
Technical Session
4: Environment
Chair: Prof Shakhawat H. Firoz
Co-Chair: Dr. Easir Arafat Khan
Choose Technical Session 4: Environment from Zoom
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
10:45 - 11:05 am 74 Assessment of Pollution Loads from Major Process
Industries in Bangladesh Using Industrial Pollution
Projection System
Authors: Mahmudul Hasan, Anindya Karmaker and Shoeb
Ahmed
11:05 - 11:25 am 80 Application of Novel Graphite-Starch Electrodes for
Power Generation and Heavy Metal Remediation in
Single-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Nishat Tabassum, Al Ibtida Sultana and Shoeb
Ahmed
11:25 - 11:45 am 84 Fabrication of B/Sn-doped ZnO Nanoparticles for the
Photocatalytic Remediation of Toxic Textile Dye under
Solar Irradiation
Authors: Abrar Zadeed Ahmed, Shah Md. Masum,
Mohammed Monjur Ul Islam, Rafiqul Islam and Md.
Ashraful Islam Molla
11:45 am - 12:05
pm
90
Characterization of Textile ETP Sludge (TES) and
Experimental Analysis of Sludge Management Options
Authors: Farah Haque, Shafkat Sharif, Rathin Chakraborty,
Mohammed Abed Hossain and Mohidus Samad Khan
12:05 - 12:25 pm 98 Pollution Load Assessment and Water Footprint
Calculation of Leather Industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Sumaya Humayra, Laila Hossain, Selim Reza
Hasan and Mohidus Samad Khan
12:25 - 12:45 pm 75 Performance Analysis of Different Anode Materials of a
Double Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Abdullah Al Moinee and Nahid Sanzida
36
Time (BST,
GMT+6) Event
01:05 - 2:00 pm Lunch and Prayer Break
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event Details to
Join
Virtually
02:00 - 03:00
pm
Keynote 5 & 7 Chair: Prof. Dr. M.A.A. Shoukat
Choudhury
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md.
Tanvir Sowgath
02:00 -
02:30pm
Title of Keynote 5: Application of Reverse Osmosis in
Water Desalination and Wastewater Treatment
Keynote 5 Speaker: Professor Iqbal M
Mujtaba,University of Bradford, UK
Choose
Keynote
5 & 7 from
02:30 - 3:00 pm Title of Keynote 7: Bioprocess Development for
Gluconic Acid Production using Free and Immobilized
Cells of Recombinant Aspergillus Niger
Speaker: Prof. Hesham Ali El Enshasy, University
Technology Malaysia, MY
02:00 - 03:00
pm
Keynote 6 & 8 Chair: Prof. Dr. Md. Zahangir
Alam
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md.
Iqbal Hossain
02:00 -
02:30pm
Title of Keynote 6: Utilization of Chemical Engineering
Principles for Clinical and Nutraceuticals Innovations:
A Bangladesh Perspective
Speaker: Shoeb Ahmed, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
Choose
Keynote
6 & 8 from
02:30 - 3:00 pm
Title of Keynote 8: Role of Alkali during Catalytic
Gasification of Biomass: A Morphological Approach
Speaker: Kawnish Kirtania, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
37
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
03:00
- 05:05 pm
Technical Session
5: Materials
Chair: Prof. Dr. Akther Hossain
Co-Chair: Dr. Nafisa Islam
Choose Technical Session 5: Materials from Zoom
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
03:00 - 03:20
pm
06 Investigation of the Electronic Properties of Spinel Type
Magnetite: An Ab- Initio approach
Authors: Roksana Parvin and Akther Hossain
03:20 - 03:40
pm
113 New and Novel Natural Products into Evidence Based
Clinical Practice
Authors: Shamsun Nahar Khan
03:40 - 04:00
pm
33 Assessment of Biodegradable Polymer from Potato-based
Starch
Authors: Md. Mahmud, Md. Shamim Hasan, Md. Riajul Islam
Sardar and Bapi Mondal
04:00 - 04:05
pm
Prayer Break
04:05 - 04:25
pm
68 Structure and Swelling of Crosslinked Nanocellulose Foam
Authors: Laila Hossain, Joanne Tanner and Gil Garnier
04:25 - 04:45
pm
78 Electrodeposition of Cd-Te Alloys from Choline Chloride
based Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
Author: Md. Moynul Islam
38
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
03:00
- 05:05 pm
Technical Session 6:
Environment
Chair: Ms. Nahid Sharmin
Co-Chair: Dr. Chanchal K. Roy
Choose Technical Session 6: Environment from Zoom
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
03:00 - 03:20
pm
13 Heavy Metal Contamination and Ecological Risk
Assessment in The Soil of Tannery Industry at Savar
Authors: Sabiha Momtaz Tisha, Tasnia Rahman Chowdhury
and Md. Delwar Hossain
03:20 - 03:40
pm
109 Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Surface
Waters of Karnafully river at Potenga-Anwara Area,
Chittagong, Bangladesh
Authors: A.N.M. Al-Razee, Halima Binte Harub and Ahsan
Habib
03:40 - 04:00
pm
116 Effect of Microparticle in the Thermoplastic Starch (TPS)
Polymer Plasticized with Glycerol
Authors: Md. Muhaiminul Islam Sohan, Md. Ripon Biswas
and Mohammad Nurur Rahman
04:00 - 04:05
pm
Prayer Break
04:05 - 04:25
pm
63 A Process for Waste Water Treatment using Elecrto
Coagulation Reactor (ECR)
Authors: Nahid Jahan, Farhana Ahmed, Nahid Sharmin and
Md. Badrul Abedin
04:25 - 04:45
pm
32 Design and Development of a Pilot Plant for Steam
Distillation for Essential Oil Production
Authors: Nahid Jahan, Farhana N Ahmed, Md. Robiul Alam,
Rajata Suvra Chakrovorty and Md. Forhad Hossain
39
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
03:00
- 05:05 pm
Technical Session
7: General
Chemical
Engineering
Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md. Shahinoor Islam
Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Easir Arafat Khan
Choose Technical Session 7:
General Chemical Engineering from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
03:00 - 03:20
pm
77 Pelletized Compost for Ease of Transportation and Effective
Nutrient Release
Authors: Tulie Chakma, Zarin Shaima Nidhi and Md.
Mominur Rahman
03:20 - 03:40
pm
83 Evaluation of Crops Residues as Pulping Raw Materials:
Eggplant, Cassava, Okra and Mulberry Plants
Authors: Taslima Ferdous, M. Abdul Quaiyyum and Md
Sarwar Jahan
03:40 - 04:00
pm
107 Doping of Zn in PbS Thin Film through CBD Method to
Modify of Photo-Electric Properties
Authors: Dilip Kumar Sarkar, A. K Mahmud Hasan, Md
Shahinuzzaman, Md. Khan Sobyel Bin Rafiq and Md
Akhtaruzzaman
04:00 - 04:05
pm
Prayer Break
04:05 - 04:25
pm
108 A Model-Data based Chemical Analysis System
Authors: Syeda Sultana Razia, Md Easir Arafat Khan, Anjan K
Tula, Lei Zhang and Rafiqul Gani
40
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
03:00
- 05:05 pm
Technical Session 8:
Air Pollution
Chair: Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Biplob Kumar Biswas
Choose Technical Session 8: Air Pollution from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
03:00 - 03:20
pm
97 Study of Air Quality in Bangladesh – A Historical Analysis
Authors: S.M. Tanveer Mahtab, Ahaduzzaman Nahid, Ashfaq
Iftakher, Mohammad A. Motalib and M. A. A. Shoukat
Choudhury
03:20 - 03:40
pm
30 Correlation between Traffic Emission & Traffic Volume, A
Case Study of GEC Intersection, Chittagong
Authors: M.A. Tajik, M.S.U. Jaman, M.A.A. Noman, M.T.H.
Tuhin and M.S. Rana
03:40 - 04:00
pm
39 Analyzing the Relation between Air Quality Index and
Transportation Mode: A Contextual Investigation of
Chittagong City Corporation
Authors: Juhaer Akhtab, Asif Mahmud Tanvir and Abdullah
Al Noman Prince
04:00 - 04:05
pm
Prayer Break
04:05 - 04:25
pm
58 A critical comparison on the air quality difference between
a congested city and a green city and the reasons behind
this and how to resolve the problem: A case study on
Dhaka & Rajshahi
Authors: Md. Shakhawat Hossain, Mahfuzur Rahman Sakib
and Tanzim Ahmed
04:25 - 04:45
pm
86 Impact of Trans-Boundary Pollution (PM-2.5) on the Air
Quality of Dhaka City in Bangladesh
Authors: Musfekur Rahman Dihan, S. M. Abu Nayeem and
M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury
41
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
05:30 -
07:00 pm
Poster
Session
Chair: Dr. Md. Tanvir Sowgath
Co-Chair: Dr. Nafisa Islam
Virtual Poster Session
Poster
ID
Poster Title & Author(s)
05:30 –
07:00 pm
12 Extraction and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan
from Fungal Species A. niger and S. cerevisiae
Authors: Nafisa Islam, Mizanul Hoque, Sayeed Sazzad,
Shaafique Chowdhury, Parisa Farzeen and Md. Masirul Afroz
15 Municipal Solid Waste Management by Extracting Bio-
Fertilizer
Authors: Farzad Hossain, Arafat A. Bhuiyan, Afshana Morshed
and Ahmed Kadhim Hussein
34 Prospects of Bio Fuel Generation for Transport from Food
Waste in Bangladesh
Authors: Tashfiqul Islam and Farian Mehjabin
36 An Analysis on the Morbidity of Slum Dwellers: A Case Study
of Rajshahi City
Authors: Shahriar Ahmed, Ashiqur Rahman, Alif Al-Maruf, Antar
Banik, Abdul Momin, Nazia Hossain and Md. S Zubayer
41 An efficient LCSoft Tool for Life Cycle Assessment of Chemical
Process case studies
Authors: Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Arisa Robin, Nichakorn
Kuprasertwong, Rafiqul Gani and Kornkanok Udomwong
42
05:30 –
07:00 pm
42 Computer-Aided Tool for Fast, Efficient and Sustainable
Process Flowsheet Design
Authors: Arisa Robin, Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Nichakorn
Kuprasertwong, Anjan Tula and Rafiqul Gani
43 Fast, Efficient & Reliable Chemical Properties Estimation
through a New Class of Software Tools
Authors: Nichakorn Kuprasertwong, Orakotch
Padungwatanaroj, Arisa Robin, Surat Areerat, Anjan Tula, Lei
Zhang and Rafiqul Gani
44 Computer Aided Tool for Chemical Product Design: New
Features and Applications
Authors: Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Arisa Robin, Nichakorn
Kuprasertwong, Anjan Kumar Tula, Lei Zhang and Rafiqul Gani
45 Effect of Single and Mixed Inoculum on Biogas Yield during
Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Abu Yousuf, Md. Shahadat Hossain, Md. Anisur
Rahman, Tahmid Ul Karim and Mahade H. Onik
46 Energy Recovery from Alcohol Distillery Spent Wash of Carew
and Co.
Authors: Md Hasan Shahariar Raby, Mostofa Shoroar Shuvo,
Md Shahadat Hossain and Abu Yousuf
57 A Parametric Study on Co-feeding of Municipal Solid Waste
and Coal in an IGCC Power Plant with Pre-combustion Carbon
Capture
Authors: Md. Shahriar Hossain, Suprio Kamal, Mahbub
Chowdhury, Md. Tariful Islam and Kawnish
Kirtania
66 LPG Storage Safety and Risk Assessment
Authors: Ifat Sharmin and Easir A. Khan
43
05:30 –
07:00 pm
70 A Highly Sensitive Poly-arginine based MIP Sensor for
Selective Detection of Important Drugs
Authors: Md. Zaved Khan, Md. Morshed Alam, Md. Sadek
Bacchu and Md. Romjan Ali
73 In Vivo Study of Antidiabetic Effect of Methanolic Natural
Extract in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Mahbub Chowdhury, Md. Tariful Islam, S.M. Riajul
Wahab, A.K.M. Zakir Hossain and Shoeb Ahmed
89 Phytoremediation for Chromium Removal from Tannery Waste
Contaminated Area
Authors: Ashiqur Rahman, Tanjina Tarannum, Razia Sultana and
Syeda Sultana Razia
91 Technical and Economic Aspects of Reusing Textile Effluent as
Process Water: A Case Study of Denim Dyeing Factory
Authors: Mesbah Ahmad, Majed Alam Abir and Mohidus Samad
Khan
110 Optimal Site Selection of Solar Power Plants in Bangladesh
Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Md. Hasan Ali, Md. Abubakar Siddique and Tanveer
Mahmud Silva
111 Hot Air Drying of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Peel: Kinetics
and Mathematical Modelling
Authors: Maisa Rahman, Taiaba Binte Hossain, Sadia Sattar,
Md. Sajjad Hossain and Pabitra Chandra Das
120 Improvement of mechanical properties of nanocomposite
hydrogel using metal ion binding
Authors: Hridoy Roy, Sumaia Afroz, Amzad Hossain, Chanchal
K.Roy and Shakhawat H.Firoz
44
05:30 –
07:00 pm
121 Investigation of Electrical Double Layer Capacitance (EDLC)
Behavior of Activated Carbon Derived from Waste Tire
Authors: Mysha Momtaz, Akther H. Reaz, Yeasin A. Tarek,
Nusrat Jahan, Hridoy Roy, Ayesha Sharmin, Chanchal
Roy and Shakhawat Firoz
124 Production and Evaluation of Biodiesel from Pithraj
(Aphanamixis polystachya) Seeds Available in Bangladesh
Authors: Hd. Razu Ahmmed, Md. Ikramul Hasan, Mohammad
Ismail and Md. Golam Mortuza
125 Nano Fillers to Reduce Water Absorption of Natural Fibre
Reinforced Polyester Matrix Composite
Authors: M.A. Islam and M.S. Haque
127 Endosome Membrane Coated Nanogel: An Advanced
Treatment for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Arjan Saha, Kashfia Nehrin, Mahazabin Mim and
Sourav Sutradhar
130 Treatment of Tannery Wastewater through Calcium
Carbonate from Mollusca (Snail Shell)
Authors: Adhir Chandra Paul, Readul Alam Shuvo and Md.
Moshiur Rahman Tushar
131 Temperature Dependence of Magnetic Hysteresis Loop of
V2O5 added Ni-Co-Zn Ferrites
Authors: Muhammad Samir Ullah, Md. Firoz Uddin, Rowshon
Satara and Sm Rubayatul Islam
132 Variations of Foot Measurement of Primary School Going
Students through Binary Logistic Regression Analysis-A Case
Study in Khulna Region
Authors: Adhir Chandra Paul, Md. Nafis Sadik and Md.
Shahedur Rahman Rony
45
05:30 –
07:00 pm
133 Effect of Leather Trimming and Neem Fiber on the Mechanical
and Thermal Property of Cement Based Materials
Authors: Adhir Chandra Paul, Syed Ishmam Rakin and A.S.M.
Ragib Ahasan Munna
135 Investigation of the structure and activity of class Id
ribonucleotide reductase relevant to vital therapeutic
interventions
Authors: Aditi Dey Tithi, Yead Jewel, Shoeb Ahmed and Jahid
Ferdous
46
21 December 2020, Monday
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
08:40 - 10:00 am
Technical Session 9:
Petroleum
Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md. Aziz Rahman
Co-Chair: Dr. Md. Easir Arafat Khan
Choose Technical Session 9: Petroleum from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
08:40 - 09:00 am 55 Data-driven Connectionist Model for Reservoir Quality
Index Prediction
Authors: Mohammad Islam Miah and Salim Ahmed
09:00 - 09:20 am 40 The Effects of Drilling Fluid Swelling from Gas Dissolution
on Gas Kick Detection+
Authors: Kaushik Manikonda, Abu Rashid Hasan, Nazmul
Rahmani and Mohammad Azizur Rahman
09:20 - 09:40 am 09 Quantification of Inherent Energy Resilience of Process
Systems: Gas Sweetening Unit
Authors: Dr Sirshendu Guha and Souvik Guha
47
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
08:40 - 10:00
am
Technical Session 10:
Energy
Chair: Dr. Abu S. Jamaluddin
Co-Chair: Dr. Kawnish Kirtania
Choose Technical Session 10: Energy from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
08:40 - 09:00
am
115 Future Clean Energy Pathways: Carbon Capture,
Renewables, Batteries, or Fossil Fuels – What Should We
Invest on?
Authors: Manali Zantye, Akhil Arora and M.M. Faruque
Hasan
09:00 - 09:20
am
37 Development, Testing and Demonstration of a Fuel-Flexible
Burner for Fired Heaters
Authors: Abu Jamaluddin, Charles Benson, Roberto
Pelizzari, Seth Marty, Thomas Young, Rex Isaacs and Joseph
Renk
09:20 - 09:40
am
16 Non-biodegradable Solid Waste Management by
Extracting Pyrolytic Fuel
Authors: Farzad Hossain, Arafat A. Bhuiyan, Afshana
Morshed and Ahmed Kadhim Hussein
09:40 - 10:00
am
17 Assessment of Thin Cement-Sand Mortar Sheet
Performance as Proton Exchange Membrane, A Study in
Bioelectrochemical System
Authors: M.S. Shajol, M.T.H. Tuhin and R. Hasan
48
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
08:40 - 10:00
am
Technical Session 11:
Materials
Chair: Prof. Dr. Al-Nakib Chowdhury
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nahid Sanzida
Choose Technical Session 11: Materials from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
08:40 - 09:00
am
02 Effect of Types of Natural Fibers on Tensile Properties of
Epoxy based Polymer Composite
Authors: Salman Haque and Aminul Islam
09:00 - 09:20
am
95 Color Deviation of Copper under Different Environments
Authors: Samiul Kaiser and Mohammad Salim Kaiser
09:20 - 09:40
am
123 Hard Particle-like Behavior Observed in a Real Liquid
Hydrocarbon System
Authors: Rizwanur Rahman, Thomas F. Headen and Michael
P. Hoepfner
49
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
08:40 - 10:00
am
Technical Session 12:
Environment
Chair: Prof. Dr. Md. Abdul Matin
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Tanvir Ahmed
Choose Technical Session 12: Environment from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
08:40 - 09:00
am
18 Evaluation of a Single Pass Filtration System Using Textile
Wastewater
Authors: M.T.H. Tuhin, M.A. Tajik, I. Shawkat and S.H.
Shahrin
09:00 - 09:20
am
21 Implementation of Rain Water in Preparatory Processes as
well as Dyeing of Knitted Cotton Fabric and Compare the
Effects with Ground Water
Authors: Md Samiul Alom, Farjana Badhon, Shampa Rani
Haldar and Tonmoy Saha
09:20 - 09:40
am
29 Innovated Equation Indicates the Scientific Design of Green
Jute Plant Utilities in Paper, Jute and Textile Sectors
Authors: Muhammad Rabiul Alam
Time (BST,
GMT+6) Event
10:00 am -
12:00 pm
Session for Memorial Lectures
For Late Prof. Dr. SAM Mannan
and Prof. Dr. Nazmul Karim
Chair: Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. M.M.
Faruque Hasan
50
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
12:00 - 01:00
pm
Keynote 9 & 11 Chair: Prof. Dr. Hesham Ali El-
Enshasy
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Md.
Shakhawat H. Firoz
Details to
Join Virtually
12:00 - 12:30 pm Title of Keynote 9: Achieving Zero Waste Towards a
Sustainable Society
Speaker: Md. Zahangir Alam, International Islamic
University Malaysia, MY Choose
Keynote
9 & 11 from
12:30 - 01:00
pm
Title of Keynote 11: Bioactive Papers: A Futuristic
Tool for Health, Food, and Environmental
Applications
Speaker: Mohidus Samad Khan, Bangladesh
University of Engineering and Technology,
Bangladesh
12:00 - 01:00
pm
Keynote 10 & 12 Chair: Prof. Dr. Raman Singh
Co-Chair: Dr. Kazi Bayzid
Kabir
Details to
Join Virtually
12:00 - 12:30 pm Title of Keynote 10: Textile Wastewater Treatment
Challenges and Prospects of Electrochemical
Oxidation Processes
Speaker: Md. Shahinoor Islam, Bangladesh University
of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
Choose
Keynote
10 & 12 from
12:30 - 01:00
pm
Title of Keynote 12: Electroporation in Biofuel
Processing
Speaker: Abu Yousuf, Shahjalal University of Science
and Technology, BD
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Break
01:00 - 2:00 pm Lunch and Prayer Break
51
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
02:00 – 03:20
pm
Technical Session 13:
Energy
Chair: Prof. Dr. Md. Mominur Rahman
Co-Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md. Tanvir
Sowgath
Choose Technical Session 13: Energy from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
02:20 - 02:40
pm
103 Dry and Wet Torrefaction of Biomass: A Comparative Study
Authors: Mst. Farzana Asad, Naimul Arefin, Md Tahseen
Islam, Anas Hossain Makki and Kazi Bayzid Kabir
02:40 - 03:00
pm
102 Life-Cycle Impact Assessment of Fossil Power Plants with
and without CO2 Capture Evaluating the Possibility of CO2
Utilization
Authors: Nafisa Tarannum, Banhee Shikha Roy Brishti, Sadia
Dima and Kawnish Kirtania
03:00 - 03:20
pm
101 Environmental Sustainability of Cooking Fuels in
Bangladesh: a Life-Cycle Assessment of Fuels in Use and
their Potential Alternatives
Authors: Sk. Yasir Arafat Siddiki, M.G. Toufik Ahmed,
Kawnish Kirtania and Kazi Bayzid Kabir
52
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
02:00 – 03:20
pm
Technical Session 14:
General Chem Engg
Chair: Prof. Dr. Biplob Kumar Biswas Co-
Chair: Dr. Nurur Rahman
Choose Technical Session 14:
General Chem Engg from
Paper
ID
Paper Title & Author(s)
02:00 - 02:20
pm
71 Performance Improvement Opportunities of Compressed Air
System: Roadmap and Simulation
Authors: Mahmudul Hasan, Anindya Karmaker and
Ahaduzzaman Nahid
02:20 - 02:40
pm
50 Preparation of Activated Carbon Fiber from Cotton
Waste:Evaluation of Performance for Basic Textile Dye
Methylene Blue Adsorption
Authors: Moontaha Farin, Sumaiya Jasmine and Easir A. Khan
02:40 – 03:00
pm
96 Hydrogen Production from Dry Reforming of Natural Gas: A
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study
Authors: M.G. Toufik Ahmed, Sk. Yasir Arafat Siddiki,
Kawnish Kirtania and Kazi Bayzid Kabir
03:00 – 03:20
pm
105 Application of Fluorescence EEM for the Detection of
Adulterants in Honey
Authors: Abdullah Iqbal and Mizuki Tsuta
53
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
03:25 – 05:00
pm
Plenary Lecture 3 & 4 Chair: Prof. Dr. Iqbal M Mujtaba
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. M.A.A. Shoukat
Choudhury
03:25 - 04:10
pm
Title of Plenary Lecture 3: Nature-Inspired Chemical Engineering, a
NICE Approach to Sustainability and Innovation
Speaker: Marc-Olivier COPPENS, University College London, UK
04:10 - 04:15 pm Prayer Break
04:15 - 05:00
pm
Title of Plenary Lecture 4: From Molecules to a Circular Chemical
Industry
Speaker: Andre Bardow, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
05:30 - 07:00
pm
Poster
Session
Chair: Dr. Md. Tanvir Sowgath
Co-Chair: Dr. Nafisa Islam
Virtual Poster Session
Poster ID Poster Title & Author(s)
05:30 - 07:00
pm
Same as 20
December
Same as 20 December
54
22 December 2020, Tuesday
Time (BST,
GMT+6)
Event
09:00 – 11:30 am Plenary 5,
Keynote 13 & 14, and
Closing Ceremony
Chair: Prof. Dr. Ijaz Hossain
Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
09:00 - 09:45 am Title of Plenary Lecture 5: Artificial Intelligence in Chemical
Engineering: Past, Present, and Future
Speaker: Venkat Venkatasubramania, Columbia University, USA
09:45 - 10:15 am Title of Keynote Lecture 13: Creating Multifunctional Hybrid
Cellulose-Metal Aerogels with Hierarchical Structures
Speaker: Saad A Khan, North Carolina State University, USA
10:15 - 10:45 am Title of Keynote Lecture 14: Graphene Coatings: A Disruptive
Approach to Durable Corrosion Resistance of Metals and Alloys
Speaker: Raman Singh, Monash University, Australia
10:45 - 11:00 am Concluding Remarks and Vote of Thanks
Prof. Dr. Rafiqul Gani and Prof. Dr. Syeda Sultana Razia
55
56
Professor of Chemical Engineering (Retired), BUET
Consultant to BCIC/SFP
A. K. M. A. Quader received B.Sc. Engineering (Chemical) degree in 1967 from the erstwhile
East Pakistan University of Engineering & Technology (now BUET) and Ph.D. from the
University of Bradford, U.K. in 1972. He has over fifty years of experience in teaching, research
and practice in chemical process engineering and plant design, energy and environment while
serving in the research establishment, industry and university. He was the Dean of
Engineering Faculty from 1996 to 1998 and Head of Chemical Engineering for two terms 1987-
89 and 1999-2001 at BUET. He served as Design Manager of Chittagong Urea Fertilizer Ltd., a
1700 ton per day urea production capacity grass-roots ammonia-urea complex from 1983 to
1985. He has been closely involved in planning, design, construction /erection and
commissioning of ammonia–urea grass-roots complexes, refinery expansion, small chemical
process plants, processing facilities for safe disposal of more than 180-ton carbon disulfide
using incineration techniques, textile wastewater treatment plants using chlorine, liquid
detergent plant and liquid sugar plants etc.
Dr. Quader is the author or co-author of more than ninety technical papers published in
journals and conference proceedings and presented in conferences, seminars and symposia
at home and abroad. He is the author of the book: Design and Building of Process Plants --
some practical guidelines; and contributed a chapter to Bangladesh National Building Code:
1993 (Revised in 2015). He has provided technical consultancy and expert services to chemical
process industries including fertilizer, petroleum refinery, chlor-alkali, paper, cement, sugar,
natural gas and power.
57
Dr. Quader retired as Professor of Chemical Engineering from BUET in 2011 and since then
has been associated with BCIC (Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation) as technical
expert in implementing grass-roots ammonia urea complex and other process plant projects.
This is a reflection on the implementation of Shahjalal Fertilizer Project (SFP) what is today
Shahjalal Fertilizer Co. Ltd. (SFCL). This deals with a wide range of issues covering technical,
contractual, and administrative involving SFP, General Contractor, sub-contractors, Process
Licensors and vendors. These arose because of mindset, interpretation of contract clauses,
inexperience, expectation and frustration of both Owner and General Contractor. Lessons
learned would enable BCIC to undertake such projects in future by avoiding pitfalls and
missteps of SFP.
Full paper available after Abstracts of Regular Papers
58
FIChemE FAIChE FREng
Director, Texas A&M Energy Institute
Dow Chemical Chair
Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
Texas A&M University, USA
Professor Pistikopoulos is the Director of the Texas A&M Energy Institute and holds the Dow
Chemical Chair in the Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering at Texas A&M
University. He was a Professor of Chemical Engineering at Imperial College London, UK (1991-
2015) and the Director of its Centre for Process Systems Engineering (2002-2009). He holds a
Ph.D. degree from Carnegie Mellon University and he worked with Shell Chemicals in
Amsterdam before joining Imperial. He has authored/co-authored over 500 major research
publications in the areas of modelling, control and optimization of process, energy and
systems engineering applications, 15 books and 2 patents. He is a co-founder of Process
Systems Enterprise (PSE) Ltd, a Fellow of AIChE and IChemE and the current Editor-in-Chief of
Computers & Chemical Engineering. In 2007, Prof. Pistikopoulos was a co-recipient of the
prestigious MacRobert Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering; in 2012, he was the
recipient of the Computing in Chemical Engineering Award of CAST/AIChE; and in 2019, he
received the Sargent Medal from IChemE. He received the title of Doctor Honoris Causa from
the University Politehnica of Bucharest in 2014, and from the University of Pannonia in 2015.
In 2013, he was elected Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in the UK.
59
Circular Economy represents an economy that is restorative and regenerative by design,
which aims to be a solution to the resource challenge society is facing, by keeping products,
components, and materials at their highest utility and value at all times. Circular Economy
operates at three levels, the micro-level (products, companies and consumers), meso-level
(processes, eco-industrial parks) and macro-level (cities, regions, nations and beyond) – based
on four actions: reuse, repair, remanufacturing, and recycling. These actions close loops and
connect different stages of the supply chain of a product that in a linear economy are typically
discrete. These interconnections along with the various players and stakeholders involved in
them make decision making for Circular Economy supply chains very challenging. A holistic
system engineering approach may thus be required to navigate the multi-scale, multi-faceted
and interconnected circular economy supply chain, identify opportunities for synergistic
benefits and systematically explore interactions and trade-offs.
In this presentation, we first address the questions of (i) what is the relevance and links of
Circular Economy to Chemical and Process Systems Engineering? and (ii) what Process Systems
modeling, analysis and optimization can offer to Circular Economy? We then present the
foundations of a Circular Economy Systems Engineering framework towards the analysis and
trade-off optimization of interconnected resource networks to potentially achieve a circular
economy. The framework combines data analytics, mixed-integer modelling and multi-
objective superstructure-based optimization methods to establish & explore (i) the
interconnections between different stages of the circular supply chain, involving alternative
processes, materials, resources and technological options, (ii) the potentially competing
interests amongst various stakeholders, and (iii) policy, regulation and societal issues. Links
to multi-scale energy systems engineering & circular carbon economy, life-cycle &
sustainability analysis and the Food-Energy-Water Nexus are also discussed. Finally, we
highlight possible advantages, limitations, and open questions of circular economy systems
engineering through a number of representative case studies.
60
Plenary Lecture
University College London
Department of Chemical Engineering, and
EPSRC “Frontier Engineering” Centre
for Nature Inspired Engineering
Ramsay Memorial Professor in Chemical
Engineering and Head of Department,
Faculty of Engineering Science
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://cnie.org.uk
Marc-Olivier Coppens is Ramsay Memorial Chair and Head of Department of Chemical
Engineering at UCL, since 2012. He is Fellow of IChemE and AIChE, Qiushi Professor at Zhejiang
University in China, as well as corresponding member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences in
Germany. Originally from Belgium, where he obtained his PhD in 1996 at Ghent University,
he has been an academic at TU Delft (the Netherlands) from 1998-2006, where he became
van Leeuwenhoek Professor in 2001, then Chair in Physical Chemistry & Molecular
Thermodynamics in 2003, before moving in 2006 to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (USA),
as Professor in Chemical & Biological Engineering, until 2012.
Professor Coppens is most recognised for pioneering work on nature-inspired chemical
engineering (NICE). In 2013, he founded the UCL Centre for Nature Inspired Engineering
(CNIE), which was granted a £5M “Frontier Engineering” Award from EPSRC, and a “Frontier
Engineering: Progression” Award from EPSRC in 2019. He has published more than 150
scientific articles and delivered more than 50 keynotes, plenary and named lectures. The CNIE
is a highly diverse group of researchers working across disciplines, from architecture and
engineering to medicine; it collaborates with numerous industries and is a basis for
entrepreneurship.
61
Some of our greatest challenges involve energy, water, the environment, dwindling
resources, sustainable manufacturing, and healthy ageing. These global challenges become
increasingly urgent. To approach them, chemical engineers are well equipped with the basic
tools: balances, systems modeling, thermodynamics, kinetics and transport phenomena.
Nevertheless, how these tools are employed in process and product design requires
rethinking. Tackling Grand Challenges, such as those framed by the UN Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), requires step-changes through transformative approaches and
lateral thinking across disciplines, beyond incremental variations on traditional designs.
Nature is replete with well-integrated, “intensified” systems, optimized over the eons, to
satisfy stringent constraints for survival by scalable processes with emergent properties. We
propose to take nature as a source of inspiration, leveraging fundamental mechanisms
underpinning desirable properties (like scalability, resilience or efficiency) and applying these
to engineering designs, with suitable adaptations to satisfy the different contexts of
technology and nature. We have called this Nature-Inspired Chemical Engineering (NICE), and
the design and innovation methodology to practice it more broadly: Nature-Inspired Solutions
for Engineering (NISE).
The NISE methodology is thematic, structured around ubiquitous mechanisms in nature, such
as: (1) hierarchical transport networks; (2) force balancing; (3) dynamic self-organization; and
(4) ecosystems, control and modularity. NISE is also systematic, recognizing a suitable concept
(e.g., fractal scaling within a certain range), then applying it to a design (such as a uniform,
scalable fluid distributor) that supports implementation within the context of an application
(such as fluidization). Because it is systematic, NISE is versatile, allowing for application of
validated principles to new problems (for example, from gas/solid fluidization to fuel cells for
energy and environmental technology).
I will give examples of how NICE is applied to the intensification of chemical reactor operation
and (heterogeneous, bio- and electro-) catalytic processes, membrane separations, and
functional materials for space technology and biomedical applications, from dental materials
to cancer immunotherapy. We hope that NICE, using the NISE methodology, may become a
driver for innovation in design, out-of-the-box thinking, and guide solutions to some of our
engineering Grand Challenges, a key to sustainability.
62
Plenary Lecture
Professor,
Dept. of Mechanical and Process Engineering
ETH Zürich
André Bardow has been full professor for Energy and Process Systems Engineering at ETH
Zurich since 2020. He is also the director of the Institute for Energy and Climate Research (IEK-
10) at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. Previously, he was a professor and head of the
Institute of Technical Thermodynamics at RWTH Aachen University (2010-2020); and
associate professor at TU Delft (2007-2010). He was a visiting professor at the University of
California, Santa Barbara (2015/16). He earned his Ph.D. degree at RWTH Aachen University.
Prof. Bardow is a fellow of the Royal Chemical Society and chairs the Technical Committee for
Thermodynamics of VDI – The Association of German Engineers. He received the Recent
Innovative Contribution Award of the CAPE-Working Party of the European Federation of
Chemical Engineering (EFCE) in 2019, and the PSE Model-Based Innovation (MBI) Prize by
Process Systems Enterprise in 2018. He was the first recipient of the Covestro Science Award.
In 2009, he received the Arnold-Eucken-Award of the VDI-Society for Chemical Engineering
(GVC). He is the recipient of RWTH’s “FAMOS für Familie” award for family-friendly
leadership, and of teaching awards at RWTH and TU Delft.
Our current way of producing chemicals is unsustainable. The chemical industry needs to be
transformed from its current fossil basis to renewable energy and material feedstock supply.
In particular, renewable carbon sources are needed to produce chemicals and fuels. Novel
63
conversion pathways on the molecular scale have to be implemented in efficient processes
and integrated into the chemical industry's highly integrated supply chains.
In this presentation, we will present recent contributions to address the transformation
towards a circular chemical industry. Circular carbon flows can be established by employing
biomass, CO2, and waste recycling as carbon feedstock for chemical transformations.
Molecular design methods are employed to optimize the conversion processes incorporating
economic and environmental objective functions. Prediction methods using quantum
mechanics are developed for thermodynamic as well as environmental properties. The
optimized processes are then integrated into a bottom-up model of the chemical industry.
Thereby, trade-offs and potential synergies can be resolved between the renewable carbon
sources biomass, CO2 and waste recycling. Pathways towards a net-zero chemical industry
will be discussed.
64
Plenary Lecture
Professor,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Columbia University, USA
Professor Venkat Venkatasubramanian is Samuel Ruben-Peter G. Viele Professor of
Engineering in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Professor of Computer Science
(Affiliate), and Professor of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research (Affiliate) at
Columbia University. He earned his Ph. D. in Chemical Engineering at Cornell, M.S. in Physics
at Vanderbilt, and B. Tech. in Chemical Engineering at the University of Madras, India. He
taught at Purdue University for 23 years, before returning to Columbia in 2011.
Venkat is a complex-dynamical-systems theorist interested in developing mathematical
models of their structure, function, and behavior from fundamental conceptual principles.
His natural tendency is to conduct curiosity-driven research in a style that might be
considered impressionistic, emphasizing conceptual issues over mere techniques. He strives
to create a simplified, but essentially correct, model of reality to gain fundamental insights.
Venkat's research interests are diverse, ranging from AI to systems engineering to theoretical
physics to economics, but are generally focused on the theme of understanding complexity
and emergent behavior in different domains.
Venkat received the Norris Shreve Award for Outstanding Teaching in Chemical Engineering
three times at Purdue University. He won the Computing in Chemical Engineering Award from
AIChE and is a Fellow of AIChE. In 2011, the College of Engineering at Purdue University
recognized his contributions with the Research Excellence Award. He is a past-President of
the CACHE Corporation. From 2009-19, he served as Editor, Computers and Chemical
65
Engineering. His recent book, How Much Inequality is Fair? Mathematical Principles of a
Moral, Optimal, and Stable Capitalist Society, was published in 2017. In 2020, Venkat was
recognized as one of the twelve recipients of the inaugural Distinguished Alumni Award from
A. C. College of Technology at its 75th anniversary celebrations. Venkat’s other interests
include comparative theology, classical music, comedy, and cricket.
Artificial intelligence (AI) started off with great promise in the early 1980s, spurred by the
success of the expert system paradigm in certain applications. This prompted a flurry of
research activities in chemical engineering in the mid-1980s. However, as the ensuing three
decades showed, AI didn’t quite live up to its promise in chemical engineering.
So, what went wrong with AI?
In this talk, I will review the different phases of AI in chemical engineering over the last 35
years, providing some background and explanation to this question. I will also argue that this
time it is different – I believe the time for AI in chemical engineering, and in other domains,
has arrived, finally. There are many applications that are ready to yield quick successes in this
new data science phase of AI. I will highlight recent work in materials design and in process
operations as examples of exciting progress. However, the really interesting and intellectually
challenging problems lie in developing such conceptual frameworks as hybrid models,
mechanism-based causal explanations, domain-specific knowledge discovery engines, and
analytical theories of emergence. These breakthroughs would require going beyond purely
data-centric machine learning, despite all the current excitement, and leveraging other
knowledge representation and reasoning methods from the earlier phases of AI. They would
require a proper integration of symbolic reasoning with data-driven processing. I will discuss
these challenges and opportunities going forward.
66
67
68
Department of Processes and Technology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Cuajimalpa, Mexico
Dr. A. Mauricio Sales-Cruz is working as a research Professor in the Department of Processes
and Technology of the Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering at University Autonomous
Metropolitan (UAM) at Cuajimalpa, Mexico. He received his Bachelor degree in Chemical
Engineering from University of Puebla in 1992 and his Master’s degree in Chemical
Engineering from Metropolitan Autonomous University at Iztapalapa, Mexico in 2001. He
obtained his PhD from Technical University of Denmark (DTU) in 2006. His research interest
is in the broad area of Process Systems Engineering. Among the many awards and distinctions,
some are: recognition of university merit award for master's studies granted by the UAM-
Iztapalapa (2001) and recognition of Who's Who in Science and Engineering granted by
Editorial Marquis (2006). He has extensively published original research articles in reputed
journals such as Chemical Engineering Research & Design (Trans IChemE), Water Science and
Technology, Chemical Engineering Science, and Computers & Chemical Engineering.
69
Recently in Process Systems Engineering, process intensification techniques are being
developed and implemented to obtain safer processes, with greater equipment efficiency,
reduce their size and operating costs, incorporate retrofitting, consume a minimum of energy,
generate the least possible amount of waste and obtain as many products with the least
possible amount of raw material1. Under this perspective, the second generation (2G) ethanol
production process has not been extensively investigated. Generally, the studies reported on
the design of 2G ethanol production plants have focused on: the determination of efficient
pretreatments for lignin removal, the improvement of enzymes and strains to increase the
efficiency of the saccharification and fermentation stages, respectively; and the recovery of
waste such as lignin and fermentation residues. However, to achieve sustainable designs it is
necessary to analyze aspects of energy integration, waste management and its environmental
impact. Hence the objective of this work is to propose a methodology to evaluate alternatives
for the synthesis of the 2G bioethanol production process from agro-industrial waste (or
lignocellulosic raw material), with the incorporation of different processing technologies, to
obtain data that support the eligibility of a sequence of most appropriate operation in
technical, economic and environmental terms. The methodology is based on modeling,
synthesis, design and simulation, where the heat integration2 in the 2G bioethanol
production process is a key tool to evaluate the process in technical, economic and
environmental terms. First, a conceptual design of the industrial scale production process is
established, which consists of technological alternatives that may exist in the market or that
may be created. In this stage the processing conditions are limited in terms of the availability
of the raw material, installed capacity, processing cycle and other restrictions imposed. Then,
a basic design is made to determine the operating conditions and the design of the
equipment, criteria for cost evaluation and environmental impact are established to
determine the viability of the process. Detailed process flow diagrams are used with various
alternatives for the 2G ethanol production plant: (a) the first option corresponds to a standard
design3 that includes traditional technologies for the pretreatment, saccharification,
fermentation, separation and purification; (b) other options consider alternatives for the
pretreatment (acid process or steam explosion) and the purification (molecular sieves or
extractive distillation), and additionally options for wastewater treatment and energy
cogeneration (Figure 1). Wheat straw was considered as raw material, and the simulations
were performed using process simulators (SuperPro Designer and Aspen). For the assessment
and comparison of the biorefinery alternatives, the evaluation criteria were: overall ethanol
yield, unit production cost, CO2 emission, overall energy required, and water consumption.
The results show which process alternatives can lead to higher sustainable ethanol
production, supporting better decision making in the synthesis and design of biorefineries
and pointing to where research should be directed to obtain integrated processes.
70
Figure 1. Alternative of technologies for the production process of 2G bioethanol
References
[1] Vaghari, H., Eskandari, M., Sobhani, V., Berenjian, A., Song, Y., Jafarizadeh-Malmiri, H. (2015)
Process Intensification for Production and Recovery of Biological Products, Am. J. Biochem. & Biotech.
11(1) 37-43.
[2] Gonzalez-Contreras, M., Sanchez, A., Lopez-Arenas, T. (2017) Heat integration for the
production process of 2G bioethanol from wheat straw, Comp. Aided Chem. Eng. 40, 2917-2922.
[3] Sanchez, A., Magaña, G., Partida, M. I., & Sanchez, S. (2016). Bi-dimensional sustainability
analysis of a muti-feed biorefinery design for biofuels co-production from lignocellulosic residues,
Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 107, 195-21
71
72
Assistant Professor, Environmental Engineering at the
University at Buffalo (UB), The State University of New York (SUNY), USA
Dr. Nirupam Aich is currently an Assistant Professor of Environmental Engineering at the
University at Buffalo (UB), The State University of New York (SUNY). Dr. Aich received his B.Sc.
in Chemical Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology in 2009,
M.S. in Environmental Engineering from the University of South Carolina in 2012, and Ph.D.
in Environmental Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin in 2015. Dr. Aich’s
research has so far resulted in total 45 publications including 30 peer-reviewed articles in
highly ranked journals with >490 citations, 6 peer-reviewed conference papers, 7 book
chapters, 1 patent, and 1 invention disclosure. Dr. Aich pioneered the research on the
environmental and human health safety of complex nanohybrids and nanocomposites which
have been featured in several journals. As recognition of his contributions to the field of
Sustainable Nanotechnology, Dr. Aich has recently received the 2019 Emerging Investigator
Award from the Sustainable Nanotechnology Organization (SNO) which is the premier
professional organization in this field. Dr. Aich has also been selected as an Emerging
Investigator by Environmental Science: Nano - the leading journal in the field. Dr. Aich was
also the recipient of National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Research Associateship
Award in 2015. Dr. Aich’s research has been supported by the USEPA, Sida, NYSDEC.
73
Engineered nanomaterials have gained much attention in the last two decades for
environmental remediation and water treatment technologies due to their high surface area
along with excellent adsorption, reactive, and catalytic properties. However, the successful
design and use of nano-enabled water treatment technologies have been hindered by the
concerns about their environmental release and associated safety issues along with their
limited scalability. My research group at the University at Buffalo (UB) focuses on designing
multifunctional nanomaterials and nano-systems for environmental and health applications
while keeping their potential public health impacts to a minimum. In this seminar, I will
delineate my group’s research and vision for innovative nano-enabled water treatment
technologies in the coming decade through the “Convergence of Green Chemistry, Additive
Manufacturing or 3D Printing, and Data Driven Material Discovery”. Topics will include (i)
safer-by-design approach for multifunctional nanomaterial synthesis using an emerging
solvent class that is more biodegradable, cheap, and can functionalize two-dimensional (2D)
nanomaterials for improved interfacial interactions with pollutants and for creating ultrafast
nanofiltration membranes for highly selective dye-desalination; (ii) the advantages of
combining 3D printing with nanotechnology for creating hierarchical porous structures for
point-of-use water filtration; and (iii) the opportunities offered by data science approach for
the discovery and optimization of nanomaterials and nano-enabled technologies with
desirable physicochemical properties for energy and environmental applications.
74
Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering,
Texas A&M University, USA
Dr. M.M. Faruque Hasan is an Associate Professor and the Kim Tompkins McDivitt ’88 and
Phillip McDivitt ’87 Faculty Fellow in the Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
at Texas A&M University, USA. He is also an affiliated faculty member of the Texas A&M
Energy Institute. Prior to joining Texas A&M University in 2014, he was a postdoctoral fellow
at Princeton University (2011–2014). He received his Ph.D. from the National University of
Singapore in 2010, and B.Sc. from Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology in 2005,
all in Chemical Engineering.
Dr. Hasan leads a research group (http://people.tamu.edu/~hasan) that is now being
recognized for developing fundamental process systems engineering and optimization
methods for the design, intensification and analysis of chemical processes with applications
to carbon capture, natural gas utilization, energy, the environment and sustainability. His
research has been externally funded by the US National Science Foundation, US Department
of Energy, American Chemical Society, and Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Dr. Hasan is a
senior member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) and serves as the
Area Chair for the Computing & Systems Technology Division. He is the recipient of the U.S.
National Science Foundation NSF CAREER Award (2020); I&ECR 2019 Class of Influential
Researchers Award; the World Technology Network Award in 2018 (environmental category);
the Texas A&M Outstanding Achievement Award in 2017; the Doctoral New Investigator
Award from the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (ACS PRF) in 2017; the
75
Best Paper Awards from Journal of Global Optimization in 2017 and from Computers &
Chemical Engineering Journal in 2015; the Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award
in 2015; the World Future Foundation PhD Award in Environmental and Sustainability
Research in 2010; and the Best Technical Paper Award in the 1st Annual Gas Symposium in
2009.
In this new era of highly dispersed and unconventional feedstocks and volatile prices, the
Chemical Process Industry (CPI) will likely evolve into a state in which chemical manufacturing
will be increasingly performed in small-scale, modular and intensified process systems. To this
end, process intensification is an emerging design concept that aims to make drastic
improvements in plant cost, size, efficiency, energy consumption, environmental footprint,
and safety. However, intensification concepts are relatively new in the chemical industry, and
conventional design approaches do not apply to them. To address this challenge, we need to
resolve the following fundamental questions: (1) When is intensification desirable?; (2) How
can we exploit the spatial and temporal dynamics and interactions among various competing
phenomena that constitute a chemical process?; (3) How can we obtain optimal
intensification pathways and out-of-the-box design solutions without waiting for “eureka
moments”?; and (4) How can we identify optimal intensification hotspots for making drastic
improvement with minimal design and operational changes? In this presentation, we will
describe new representations of chemical processes and new analytical methods based on
interaction analysis and optimization theory to addresses these questions. We will also
illustrate, using several successful applications, how these representations and methods can
be used to obtain innovative and non-intuitive design configurations for sustainable process
intensification in the chemical, environmental and energy sectors.
76
Assistant Professor
Chemical Engineering
Florida Institute of Technology, USA
Email: [email protected]
Website: research.fit.edu/reza/
Dr. Toufiq Reza, is an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Department of
Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences (BCES) at Florida Institute of Technology
(FIT). He received his Ph.D. and M.S. in Chemical Engineering from University of Nevada, Reno
in 2013 and 2011, respectively. He has published fifty-eight peer-reviewed journal articles,
five patent applications, two book chapters, and numerous oral and poster presentations. In
2019, he has received the Marvan E. and Ann D. White research award and American
Chemical Society- Petroleum Research Fund (ACS-PRF) award. His primary research interest
is thermochemical conversions including hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), hydrothermal
liquefaction (HTC), supercritical water gasification (SCWG), torrefaction, and pyrolysis. Dr.
Reza’s research has been awarded multiple research grants totaling more than $3.0 million
from Federal and State agencies. His ongoing projects include preparation of advanced
biorefinery feedstocks from waste corn stover (funded by USDA-NIFA-AFRI) and valorization
of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) (funded by NSF-INFEWS). His lab
currently has five PhD students and ten undergraduate students including five students from
under-representative groups.
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical pretreatment process where biomass
is treated under hot compressed water to produce solid hydrochar. Due to low dielectric
constant, high ionic product, and low density (Figure 1), sub-and supercritical water are more
77
reactive to biomass compounds than water at ambient conditions [1]. Among its other
advantages, capabilities to handle wet biomass feedstocks makes the HTC process more
attractive. Complex reaction chemistry of HTC also offers a huge potential for producing a
variety of products, from fuel to supercapacitors, from carbon nanospheres to low-cost
adsorbents, and from fertilizers to soil amendments. Hydrochar has also opened the
possibilities for supplementing coal in existing coal-fired power plants. Its high surface area
and adsorption characteristics make it compatible for use wastewater treatments. Hydrochar
also contains high amounts of stable carbon and essential micro and macro-nutrients, which
are essential for soil amendment [1]. Moreover, the HTC process liquid, especially if a short
reaction time is applied, contains platform chemicals with their own market potentials like
furfural, 5-HMF (hydroxymethyl furfural), levulinic acid, and phenolic substances [2].
The seminar will discuss the HTC process and will highlight a few applications. The first part
will emphasize the fundamentals of HTC. Reaction kinetics and reaction mechanism, as well
as further mass and energy densification via hydrochar pelletization, will be discussed. The
later part will emphasize on the design, fabrication, and commissioning of a small lab-scale
continuous HTC reactor. Such a mobile and continuous HTC system has the potential to
convert various wastes e.g., agricultural, municipal, sewer, dairy, and industrial wastes into
advanced biorefinery feedstocks in an economically and environmentally sustainable
pathway.
Figure 1. Properties (density, ionic product, and dielectric constant) of water as function of temperature at 25
MPa1.
[1] Kruse, A. et. al., Water - A magic solvent for biomass conversion. J Supercrit Fluid 2015, 96, 36-45.
[2] Reza, M. T. et. al, Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass for Energy and Crop Production. Applied
Bioenergy 2014, 1 (1).
Density
Dielectric constant
Ionic product
78
Keynote Lecture
Professor,
Chemical Engineering Department,
University of Bradford, UK
Email: [email protected]
Iqbal M. Mujtaba is a Professor of Computational Process Engineering and is currently
Associate Dean (Learning, Teaching & Quality) of the Faculty of Engineering & Informatics at
the University of Bradford. He was Head of the School of Engineering at the University of
Bradford from 2016-2018. He obtained his BSc Eng and MSc Eng degrees in Chemical
Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET) in 1983 and
1984 respectively and obtained his PhD from Imperial College London in 1989. He is a Fellow
of the IChemE and a Chartered Chemical Engineer. He was the Chair of the IChemE's
Computer Aided Process Engineering Special Interest Group from 2012-2019 and was the
Chair of the European Committee for Computers in Chemical Engineering Education from
2010-2013. He is currently an Associate Editor for Asia Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering,
South African Journal of Chemical Engineering, Journal of Chemical Product and Process
Modelling and an Editorial Board Member of the journals Processes, Energies and
Desalination.
Professor Mujtaba leads research into dynamic modelling, simulation, optimisation and
control of batch and continuous chemical processes with specific interests in distillation,
industrial reactors, refinery processes, desalination, wastewater treatment and crude oil
hydrotreating focusing on energy and water. He has managed several research collaborations
and consultancy projects with industry and academic institutions in the UK, Italy, Hungary,
Malaysia, Thailand, India, Qatar, South Africa, Iraq, Algeria, China, Libya, Bahrain and Saudi
79
Arabia. He has published more than 320 technical papers and has delivered more than 70
invited lectures/seminars/plenaries/keynotes/short courses around the world. He has
supervised 32 PhD students to completion and is currently supervising 10 PhD students. He is
the author of 'Batch Distillation: Design & Operation' (text book) published by the Imperial
College Press, London, 2004 and is one of the co-authors of the book on ‘Wastewater
Treatment by Reverse Osmosis’, CRC Press, 2020. He is one of the co-editors of the books (1)
'Application of Neural Networks and Other Learning Technologies in Process Engineering',
Imperial College Press, London, 2001 (2) 'Composite Materials Technology: Neural Network
Applications' CRC Press, 2009, (3) 'The Water-Food-Energy Nexus', CRC Press, 2017, (4) ‘Water
Management: Social & Technological Perspective’, CRC Press, 2018.
Globally, about 2 billion people use a drinking water source contaminated with faeces. Quality
water and quality life go hand in hand. The food we eat, the house we live in, the transports
we use and the things we cannot do without in 24/7/365 determine our quality of life and
require sustainable and steady water supplies. Exponential growth in population and
improved standards of living require increasing amount of freshwater and are putting serious
strain on the quantity of naturally available freshwater around us. The Ancient Mariners' rime:
"Water, water everywhere/Not a drop to drink" is in line with 97% of the planet's water being
either salty or undrinkable. Currently the demand for freshwater is increasing by 64 billion
cubic meters a year while the world’s population is growing by roughly 80 million a year. At
present, more than 20% of the world’s population live in areas of physical scarcity of water.
As the world population grows, the heavily industrialised world we live or strive to live
continues to generate vast volumes of wastewater plagued with industrial effluents, sewage,
and many harmful, some carcinogenic, by-products, which are often simply disposed of in
rivers and oceans. Contaminated water transmits diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera,
dysentery, typhoid, and polio cause over half a million diarrhoeal death each year. The yuck
factor, the terms such as recycled sewage and toilet-to-tap used by media in characterizing
reclaimed water, give significant negative images to augment reclaimed wastewater reuse,
especially for drinking and agricultural production purposes.
Reverse Osmosis process, a pressure driven membrane process, has very wide applications in
food, chemical and water industries. This has been extensively used for making freshwater
from seawater or brackish water and for the removal of toxic contaminants from wastewater
so that the reclaimed water can be further utilised for domestic and agricultural use. This talk
will highlight the recent developments (in terms of design and operation) in Reverse Osmosis
process with reference to its application in desalination and wastewater treatment.
80
Associate Professor,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, Dhaka –1000, Bangladesh
Dr. Shoeb Ahmed received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from BUET in 2004 and
2007, respectively. He earned his PhD in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering from North
Carolina State University, USA and resumed his academic career at BUET immediately after in
2013. He is the recipient of Dr. Ali Karim Gold Medal and Prime Minister Gold Medal. His
research aims to utili ze the engineering principles in clinical, pharmaceuticals and healthcare
issues. To date, his research resulted in 18 journal articles, 1 book chapter, 26 conference
proceedings and 5 scientific reports. These contributions have made positive impacts within
the research community and have initiated several international collaborations with
renowned universities in USA and New Zealand. Dr. Ahmed has successfully supervised
several MSc and PhD students and is currently leading an active research group for
bioengineering research. He also played an instrumental role to establish the Biomedical
Engineering Department at BUET. Currently, he is working as the Project Director for
establishment of a state-of-the-art research facility, Applied Bioengineering Research
Incubator at BUET.
81
Classical chemical engineering was the driving force that spearheaded industrial progress
from the late 19th century and over the course of much of the 20th century. The basic tenets
remain a constant but many key concepts of chemical engineering are constantly being
brought up to date to suit current demands. In the 1940s and 50s, major advances in the
understanding of biological functions caused an interface to emerge, between the biological
sciences and engineering disciplines. In the decades that followed, the manufacture of
chemically synthesized drugs like aspirin and bioproduced antibiotics like penicillin made use
of chemical engineering expertise. The body of an organism can very well be envisioned as a
chemical plant with individual cells as reactors. At the turn of the century the bioprocessing
industries realized that a fundamental understanding of chemical engineering and process
engineering could play a vital role in the investigation and manipulation of biological systems.
Chemical engineers are now a core part of biochemical and biomolecular industries as well as
pharmaceutical and biotechnology ventures. Unfortunately, like most of the developing
countries, Bangladesh too has lagged behind to tap into the potential of the biochemical and
biomolecular industrial growth, due to lack of technical know-how as well as low prioritization
of research in these areas. Currently, Bangladesh has a market of about taka 300 crore worth
of nutraceuticals products annually, however the growth of this sector is barely visible. Two
of the major constraints to develop nutraceutical products and medicinal plants are the
absence of modern technology and low post-harvest management facilities, which require
direct application of engineering principles. on the other hand, the healthcare sector is
growing rapidly in Bangladesh, generating a lot more opportunities to contribute in terms of
technical knowhow, research and innovation. This presentation discusses the unique
collaboration between chemical engineering principles and biological science and shares
some recent experimental findings. These will shed light on the prospective biochemical and
biotechnological fields that can be successfully pursued by a chemical engineer, should they
choose to do so.
82
Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD),
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM),
81130 UTM,Skudai, Malaysia,
School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM),
Malaysia.
City of Scientific Research and Technology Application,
New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Prof. Hesham Ali El Enshasy is professor in bioprocess engineering, faculty of Chemical
Engineering and Energy, and assistant director for Innovation and Products Development,
Institute of Bioproducts Development, University Technology Malaysia (UTM). He is also the
current director for Food, Pharmaceutical& Bio-Engineering Division, Division 15A (Food
Diector), American Institute of Chemical Engineering (AIChE). Before joining UTM, he was the
assistant director of City for Scientific Research for Research Institutes Affairs (Alexandria,
Egypt). Prof. El Enshasy received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Microbiology (Ain Shams University,
Egypt), Dr. rer. Nat. in Industrial Biotechnology (TU Braunschweig, Germany 1998), M.Sc.
Technology Management (UTM, Malaysia). Post Doc. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, The
Ohio State Univ. (USA) and GBF, (Germany). He is also visiting guest professor and honor guest
professor to many world class universities in USA, Germany, Sweden, Japan, Australia, Saudi
Arabia, Greece, and Algeria. He established many research and industrial platforms for the
industrial production of different bioactive metabolites using microbial, mammalian and plant
cells in many universities, research institutes and companies. Prof. El Enshasy is active as
editorial board member in many scientific journals and he is currently the Editor-in-Chief for
International Journal of Biotechnology for Wellness Industries (IJBWI). He is also the co-editor
for the book entitled “Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production
of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers” published by John Wiley and Sons, 2013. Prof. El Enshasy
83
has two technology patents and more than 150 publications in peer reviewed international
journals, book Chapters, and books, invited as keynote, plenary, and guest speaker in more
than 50 international conferences in field of industrial biotechnology. He is also active as
advisory board member, scientific and bio-business consultant for biotechnology companies
in Egypt, Belgium, Greece, USA, China and Malaysia for the important three Ts (Technology
Transfer, Technology Implementation and Technology Development) as well as process and
platform designer for Biotechnology industries.
Nowadays, gluconic acid is considered as on the main bulk organic acids based on its wide
applications in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The annual production of
gluconic acid exceeded USD 50 million in 2018 and expect to cross over the 80 million by 2024.
This organic acid has been produced mainly by fermentation using fermentable sugars such
as glucose and sucrose, or cheaper agri-susbtrates such as molasses and starch. Gluconic acid
is mainly produced by wild type strains fungus Aspergillus niger, or the bacteria Gluconobacter
oxydans. The production process involves the director conversion of glucose to gluconic acid
using glucose oxidase enzyme (GOD). To improve this production process, a many new
recombinant strains were developed with over expression of the GOD production gene with
the capacity to produce this enzyme as extracellular product in high concentration to
accelerate the glucose conversion process. This presentation will be present a complete
platform production process for gluconic acid production using a genetically modified strain
A niger GOD 3-18. The process has been developed for large scale production of gluconic acid
in batch and fed-batch cultivation systems using different types of substrates. Moreover,
further improvement of this production process was achieved using immobilize cell
cultivation system to reduce the production time and to improve the process economy as
well.
84
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,
Bangladesh
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Kawnish Kirtania, currently working as an Assistant Professor at the Department of
Chemical Engineering, BUET, has been carrying out research on developing technologies for
waste biomass based biorefineries to produce an array of products including energy and
chemicals for more than a decade. His work involves thermochemical conversion, i.e.,
hydrothermal treatment, pyrolysis, gasification and combustion of waste biomass to produce
biochar, biooil, syngas, transport fuel and chemicals etc. His research interest covers both
fundamental and applied aspects of technology development for biomass from laboratory
scale to pilot scale along with techno-economic feasibility study. He was also involved in the
pilot scale demonstration (LTU Green Fuels, Sweden) for production of transport biofuel from
waste biomass from pulp mill.
He is involved in a number of national/international projects including InConSolE, which is to
make the megacities of Bangladesh ‘waste free’ through conversion of municipal solid waste
to energy. The project is to develop an integrated technology to convert the waste biomass
into biochar for subsequent energy generation.
For further details, visit: http://kkdwip.buet.ac.bd/
85
Alkali, whether naturally present in biomass or, manually added during gasification, has
tremendous impact on biomass conversion to synthesis gas (syngas). While alkali could have
adverse effects on the gasifier life and post-processing of syngas, under controlled
atmosphere, they can be beneficial to the process as well. One such case is entrained flow
catalytic gasification of biomass. Typically, entrained flow gasification of biomass takes place
at a temperature around 1400 °C. Presence of alkali can significantly lower the operating
temperature for the gasifier by more than 300 °C. During this process, biomass particles
experience the catalytic effect along with internal and external physico-chemical changes.
Gasification at the particle surface follows alternative reaction pathway facilitated by drastic
changes in the morphology of the biomass char. Alkali initiates surface melting at a lower
temperature and enables the mobilization of the carbon molecules to the surface for easier
access of the gasifying agent.
This phenomenon affects both surface morphology of the char and gasification kinetics to a
great extent. Evolving surface characteristics due to the presence of alkali is of great interest
to enhance the understanding on biomass gasification. So, fundamental knowledge on
reaction mechanism, surface chemistry and advanced analytical techniques (i.e., scanning
electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) were employed to seek the
answers to the role of alkali on morphological changes of char during catalytic gasification of
biomass.
86
Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre (BERC),
Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia,
Malaysia
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Md. Zahangir Alam is a Professor and Coordinator of Bioenvironmental Engineering
Research Centre (BERC), Faculty of Engineering at IIUM and was Head of the Department of
Biotechnology Engineering from 2009 to 2012. Professor Alam is a member of professional
bodies; American Chemical Society (ACS), International Water Association (IWA) and Fellow
of the Institute of Engineers, Bangladesh. with his experience in chemical, biochemical and
bioenvironmental engineering, he was appointed as the section editor and member of
editorial boards of journals such as IIUM Engineering Journal and Journ al of Environmental
Research and Development as well as reviewer for many SCI journals. Professor Alam won the
prestigious international a??Scopus Young Scientist Awarda?? and 1st Runner Up in Asia
Pacific for 2010 under energy category. He was the recipient of numerous awards such as
Most Innovative Award in BioMalaysia, IIUM Outstanding Researcher Award, IIUM Quality
Research Award, Special Recognition Award, Best Teacher Award and Highest Citations in
Cited Journal Award. He has also been awarded 62 Gold, 54 Silver and 48 Bronze medals at
university, national and international levels for various research achievements. He has been
the principal and co-researcher of more than 40 research projects/grants approved by the
university (IIUM), Malaysian government and industrial sector (Indah Water Konsortium/Sime
Darby). He was the first recipient of pre-commercialization fund named eTechnofund at IIUM
approved by the MOSTI in 2007. He was also awarded two international research grants such
as TWAS and COSTECH-ISESCO. Prof Alam is well-known in his research field and has
87
supervised more than 50 postgraduate students at the Mastera??s (33) and PhD (20) levels
as well as over 130 students at the undergraduate level. He has examined theses as an
External and Internal Examiners at national and international levels. Being highly active in
research, Prof. Jahangir has authored/co-authored some 450 publications including
international and local refereed journals (153+) and conferences (200+), books (3), book
chapters (39), patents (25) and project reports (35+). His journal papers, have a large number
of citations (1160+) with high h-index (22) at Scopus Database.
Achieving zero waste goals for sustainable development is the greatest challenge in
developing a modern society. Over the past few years, it has been a focal point of addressing
the elimination of the waste at the point source, identify the pollution sources of the
problems, creating a circular economy or cradle to cradle approach. Currently, a huge
quantity of domestic and industrial waste is generated globally as the world is moving forward
to industrial development. In Malaysia, the major waste streams are mainly household
wastewaters managed by the Indah Water Konsortium (IWK), a national sewerage company,
and oil palm industrial (OPI) waste in the private sector with their treatment facilities. Most
of the treatment plants are based on the conventional method of treatment and management
which leads to the high cost, time-consuming, environmental pollutions and limiting
sustainable future. Biochemical engineering innovations focus on the research and
development of efficient waste management is not only the treatment processes but also
turning waste into valuable products which could be a complete and potential solution with
the generation of revenue and zero waste emission at the point source for sustainable
development. Therefore, the global attention on this issue implicating that an
environmentally friendly system must be proposed by converting the cheap and abundant
renewable resources into valued bio-products. This keynote lecture will highlight the
overview of the research, development, and commercialization based on the concept of zero
waste and circular economy by ‘turning waste into useful bio-products’ especially biofuels
(bioethanol, biodiesel and biogas), biocatalyst (hydrolytic enzymes) and bio-compost/animal
feed through green technology approach. Currently, various valued bio-products are
developed from different sources of domestic and industrial wastes generated in Malaysia.
The lecture will cover how the data of research and development (R&D) could be scaled up
to the commercial level for resource recovery through bioconversion, reuse, and recycling
with some case studies on bioconversion of oil palm industrial waste, sewage sludge, and food
waste into sustainable bioproducts.
88
Associate Professor,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,
Bangladesh
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Md Shahinoor Islam is an Associate Professor of the Department of Chemical Engineering
at Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). Dr. Islam awarded his B.Sc.
in Chemical Engineering from BUET in 2002, M.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from BUET in 2007,
and Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering from the University of Alberta in 2014. Dr. Islam
worked as Postdoctoral Fellowship for a year (2014-2015) and worked as a visiting professor
(2018) at the University of Alberta. Dr. Islam published a total of 37 research articles including
30 peer-reviewed articles in highly ranked journals with 727 citations, 6 peer-reviewed
conference papers, and 1 technical report. Dr. Islam’s research work covered ozone
treatment, adsorption, and biological processes in the treatment of industrial wastewater.
Currently, Dr. Islam's research area covers industrial wastewater treatment using
nanocomposites, biochar, biological, photocatalytic, and electrochemical processes.
The textile industry produces wastewater from its wet process containing toxic and persistent
dyes along with other soluble organics and inorganics. Chemical coagulation, biological,
adsorption, and membrane filtration are the most commonly applied processes for the
89
treatment of textile wastewater. All of these processes are facing several challenges and
these are chemical consumption, power consumption, sludge disposal costs, and operating
costs associated with wastewater treatment. Recently, electrochemical oxidation (EO)
process has been shown as one of the most promising technologies for the treatment of
textile wastewater. In this process, the contaminants are degraded by either the direct or
indirect oxidation process. In a direct anodic oxidation process, the contaminants are
adsorbed on the anode surface followed by degradation through the anodic electron transfer
reaction. In an indirect process, strong oxidants such as hypochlorite, chlorine, ozone,
hydroxyl/peroxide radicals, and hydrogen peroxide are electrochemically generated first and
then the pollutants are destroyed in the bulk solution by an oxidation reaction with the
oxidants. The process kinetics indicate that the EO process is very fast at the initial stage to
degrade the complex organic compounds indicating the process can be applied with other
processes in combination, which offers a practical low-cost hybrid process. This paper
presents the major challenges of the treatment of textile wastewater and the associated
mechanisms, cost analysis, and prospects of EO process to apply with or without the
combination of other processes.
90
Associate Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
(BUET), Bangladesh
Project Manager,
Environmental Sustainability in Textile Industries (ESTex)
Dr. Mohidus Samad Khan is a researcher and innovator, currently working as an Associate
Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering
and Technology (BUET). His research interests encompass Biotechnology, Food and
Environmental Engineering. Till date, Dr. Khan has authored and co-authored over 75
technical articles, which include peer-reviewed journal articles and conference articles,
international patents, industrial reports, books and book chapters. He also serves as a
reviewer of several reputed international journals.
Dr. Khan completed his BSc in Chemical Engineering (2004) from BUET. Starting in 2006, Dr.
Khan completed his PhD in 2010 from Monash University, Australia. Dr. Khan worked as a
Post-Doctoral Fellow at McGill University, Canada to continue his research work (2010-13).
His PhD research work won several major awards including University Medals and Vice-
Chancellor’s commendation for Best PhD Thesis. As a researcher and innovator, Dr. Khan has
won several prestigious awards which include the 'Young Innovator Award' entitled
'TR35@Singapore Awards for 2012’ organized by 'MIT Technology Review Inc', and ‘iCFP2016
Young Scientist Award’.
91
Since 2013, Dr. Khan has been working as a fulltime faculty member in the Department of
Chemical Engineering, BUET. He also served as a Visiting Professor (2015) at McGill University,
Canada, and as a Visiting Research Scholar (2016-17) at Texas A&M University, USA.
Dr. Khan has been involved in health, food and environment projects led by the World Health
Organization (WHO), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Government
of Bangladesh (GoB), international donor agencies, and local Industries.
The high cost and the limited availability of tests and application devices often restrict the
benefits of many breakthroughs in biotechnology and environmental science. There is a high
need for low-cost bioassays, in health, food, and environmental diagnostics. Bioactive paper
is a promising technology which could be applicable on a wide range of areas like health, food,
and environment. Bioactive papers and paper diagnostics are getting a reality for their low
cost, selectivity, and application flexibility. The potential of bioactive papers for healthcare,
environmental, and industrial applications has recently captured wide attention. The concept
of bioactive paper is about 200 years old. However, low-cost paper-based tests are
commercially available only since the last century. In recent years bioactive paper has
considerably attracted the research community as it shows opportunity to replace traditional
expensive instruments for detections like gas chromatography, mass spectroscopy, or high-
performance liquid chromatography. Recently Bangladesh has also started limited research
in the field of bioactive paper. Bangladesh envisions to ensure proper healthcare, safe food,
water, and environment to all residence by 2041. Bioactive papers and diagnostics could be
the future means to ensure better health and safer food and environment in Bangladesh at
an affordable cost. with proper planning, fund allocation, and research capacity building,
Bangladesh can take the opportunity to comply with local demands and become a global
contributor in bioactive paper research, innovation, and product development by 2041.
92
Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science,
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
Email: [email protected]
Website: [email protected]
Dr. Abu Yousuf holds PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Naples Federico II,
Italy. His primary research interests include Biorefinery, Bioenergy, Bioremediation and
Waste-to-energy. He published more than 50 papers in reputed ISI and Scopus indexed
journals and 11 book chapters. He is the Editor of three books “Lignocellulosic biomass to
Liquid biofuels”, “Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production” and “Bioreactors:
Sustainable Design and Industrial Applications in Mitigation of GHG Emissions”, published by
Elsevier. He also has been serving as an editorial board member of several reputed Journals.
He won UNESCO Prize on E-learning course of ‘Energy for sustainable development in Asia’,
Jakarta, Indonesia, 2011. He attended the ‘BIOVISION.Next Fellowship Programme 2013’ at
Lyon, France, after a selection based on scientific excellence, mobility, involvement in civil
society. He successfully accomplished 10 research projects including the grants provided by
The World Academy of Science (TWAS), Italy, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia and
Ministry of Science and Technology, Bangladesh. Dr. Yousuf was the member of IChemE,
American Chemical Society (ACS), and American Association for Science and Technology
(AASCIT). He has 12 years’ experience of teaching in undergraduate and postgraduate levels
having very good remarks from the student. Currently, Dr. Yousuf is serving as a Professor in
Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology,
Bangladesh. Previously he held the position of Senior Lecturer at Faculty of Engineering
Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia. He presented his research work in
Germany, France, Italy, India, Vietnam and Malaysia.
93
Electroporation (EP) is a well-known technique in several areas of medicinal biotechnology
such as electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, cell fusion and tissue ablation as well as
in food biotechnology such as microbial inactivation and extraction of biomolecules. This is a
biophysical technique where high voltage electric pulses are applied on biological cells or
tissues, as a result cell membrane become permeable to foreign components that can be
introduced to the cell interior or cellular components can leak out of the cells. EP can be
reversible or irreversible based on the strength of the applied electric field. When electric
field is mild, is called reversible and it is practiced in genetic modification of biological
organisms. on the other hand, irreversible electroporation which is associated with high
electric field and applied where it is necessary to damage the cell permanently. The present
study is aimed to address irreversible EP in biofuel processing.
Microbial lipid has been attracted the interest of study as substitute of plant oils or animal fat
to produce biodiesel. But challenging part is the extraction of maximum lipid from microbial
cells (yeast, fungi, algae). One of our studies investigated the viability of using irreversible
electroporation as a microbial cell disruption technique to extract intracellular lipid. To this
purpose, an EP circuit was designed and fabricated which gave 4kV with frequency of 100 Hz
of square waves. Yeast cells (Lipomyces starkeyi) were placed in the EP reactor where the
electrodes were arranged at the distance of 2, 4, and 6 cm and treatment period were 2-10
min. Cell inactivation was 95% with the distance of electrode at 2 cm. Cell wall disruptions
was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM) image (Fig 1).
Maximum lipid (63 mg. g-1) was extracted at the conditions of treatment intensity (36.7 kWh.
m-3), treatment time 10 min and electrode distance of 2 cm. The comparative study showed
that EP method could extract higher amount (31.88%) of lipid compared to ultrasonic
(11.89%) and Fenton’s reagent (16.8%). Therefore, it could be concluded that EP is promising
technique to extract lipid from microbial biomass.
Figure 1. FESEM image of L. starkeyi before (a) and after (b) EP treatment, electrode distance 2 cm
94
In another study, citrus wastewater was used as a feed source for biohydrogen production.
The aim was to deactivate methanogenic bacteria of the anaerobic sludge which was used as
bacteria seed containing both hydrogenic and methanogenic. Methanogenic bacteria
interrupt the activity of hydrogenic and lower the biohydrogen production. The effect of EP
on the morphology of bacterial cells was studied by FESEM and presented in Fig 2.
Heterogeneous populations of cells with smooth surfaces were observed in untreated sample
(Fig 2a). on the other hand, some cells with surface damage and some others with smooth
surfaces were observed in Fig 2b and 2c. However, most of the cells with extensive surface
damage were found after 2 min of EP treatment as presented in Fig 2d. It depicted that to
damage the selective bacteria, a controlled treatment intensity is required.
Figure 2. FESEM image of microbial communities of anaerobic sludge for (a) untreated (b) 0∙5 min (c)
1 min and (d) 2 min of EP treated samples.
In that case various treatment intensities of EP were employed over anaerobic sludge like 30
kWh.m-3 for 0.5 min, 60 kWh.m-3 for 1 min and 120 kWh.m-3 for 2 min. Higher methanogenic
inactivation and maximum hydrogen production (896 mL) were observed at 60 kWh.m-3 (Fig
3). High intensity of EP caused to death or inactivate all types of bacteria. The findings of the
studies suggest that EP could be used as a promising technique in the field of biofuel
production.
95
Figure 3. The performance of cumulative hydrogen production during the 180-h anaerobic dark
fermentation of citrus wastewater with different EP pretreated inoculum
96
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
North Carolina State University, USA
Email: [email protected]
Saad Khan is the INVISTA Professor & Director of Graduate Program in the Department of
Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering at North Carolina State University. Research in the Khan
Group focuses on soft-solids: gels, colloids and associative networks. Of particular interest is
the relationship between material microstructure, chemistry, and macroscopic properties
using rheology as a probing tool. More recently the group has made forays to other areas
such as crop protection for enhanced food security as well as multifunctional nanofibrous
structures and aerogels. Khan has supervised over 55 PhD students and several postdocs,
whose work has resulted in over 225publications (h index 67 and citations > 19000) and 16
patents. Khan has won several awards including being a Fellow of the Society of Rheology and
RJR Reynolds Tobacco Award for Research, Teaching & Extension, the highest engineering
award at NC State. Khan received his PhD from MIT.
Aerogels are high surface area materials, typically nanostructured in nature (mostly
mesoporous with some micropores) and consisting of a highly porous (at least 90%) solid
network. Their extremely low bulk density, highly porous nature and large surface area make
them ideal candidates for diverse applications ranging from thermal insulation, separation
and biomedical to acoustics; however, the time intensive nature of the fabrication process
97
involving complicated steps and general lack of mechanical stability in the traditional aerogels
present major challenges for their large-scale applications in a cost-effective manner.
Recently, incorporation of fibrous network has resulted in production of aerogels with
improved properties and functionalities. We present a facile approach to fabricate hybrid sol-
gel electrospun silica-cellulose diacetate (CDA) based nanofibers to generate thermally and
mechanically stable nanofiber aerogels (NFA). Thermal treatment results in gluing the silica-
CDA network strongly together thereby enhancing aerogel mechanical stability and
hydrophobicity without compromising their highly porous nature (>98%) and low bulk density
(~10 mg.cm-3). XPS and in-situ FTIR studies demonstrate development of strong bonds
between silica and CDA network which result in the fabrication of cross-linked structure
responsible for their mechanical and thermal robustness and enhanced affinity for oils.
Superhydrophobic nature and high oleophilicity of the hybrid aerogels present them as ideal
candidates for oil spill cleaning while their flame retardancy and low thermal conductivity can
be explored in various application requiring stability at high temperatures.
98
Professor
Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Monash University, Australia
Email: [email protected]
Professor Raman Singh’s primary research interests are in the relationship of Nano-
/microstructure and Environment-assisted degradation and fracture of metallic and
composite materials, and Nanotechnology for Advanced Mitigation of such Degradations. He
has also worked extensively on use of advanced materials (e.g., graphene) for corrosion
mitigation, stress corrosion cracking, and corrosion and corrosion-mitigation of magnesium
alloys (including for the use of magnesium alloys for aerospace, defense and bioimplant
applications).
Prof Singh’s professional distinctions and recognitions include: Editor of a book on Cracking
of Welds (CRC Press), Lead Editor of a book on Non-destructive Evaluation of Corrosion
(Wiley), Editor-in-Chief of two journals, member the Editorial Boards of a few journals,
leader/chairperson of a few international conferences and regular plenary/keynote lectures
at international conferences, over 225 peer-reviewed international journal publications, 15
book chapters/books and over 100 reviewed conference publications, and several
competitive research grants (that includes 4 Discovery, 7 Linkage and one ITRH grants of
Australian Research Council).
Prof Singh has supervised 45 PhD students. His vibrant research group at Monash University
comprises of PhD students from different disciplines (Mechanical, Chemical, Materials and
99
Mining Engineering, and Science) as well as from different cultural backgrounds (Australian,
Middle-eastern, Chinese, Malaysian, Indian, Bangladeshi, African, North American and
Israeli).
Degradation of engineering metallic materials by aggressive/corrosive environment and its
mitigation costs dearly (any developed economy loses 3-4% of GDP due to corrosion, which
translates to ~$250b to annual loss USA). In spite of traditional approaches of corrosion
mitigation (e.g., use of corrosion resistance alloys such as stainless steels and coatings), loss
of infrastructure due to corrosion continues to be a vexing problem. So, it is technologically
as well as commercially attractive to explore disruptive approaches for durable corrosion
resistance.
Graphene has triggered unprecedented research excitement for its exceptional
characteristics. The most relevant properties of graphene as corrosion resistance barrier are
its remarkable chemical inertness, impermeability and toughness, i.e., the requirements of an
ideal surface barrier coating for corrosion resistance. However, the extent of corrosion
resistance due to graphene coating has been found to vary considerably in different studies.
The presenter’s group has demonstrated an ultra-thin graphene coating to improve corrosion
resistance of copper by two orders of magnitude in an aggressive chloride solution (similar to
sea-water). In contrast, other reports suggest the graphene coating to actually enhance
corrosion rate of copper, particularly during extended exposures. Presenter’s group has
investigated the reasons for such contrast in corrosion resistance due to graphene coating as
reported by different researchers. on the basis of the findings, the group has succeeded in
demonstration of durable corrosion resistance as result of development of suitable graphene
coating. The presentation will also assess the challenges in developing corrosion resistant
graphene coating on most common engineering alloy, mild steel, and include results
demonstrating circumvention of these challenges.
100
101
102
Abstract no. 2
EFFECT OF TYPES OF NATURAL FIBERS ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF
EPOXY BASED POLYMER COMPOSITE
M.S. Haque, M.A. Islam*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Polymer composites play a good role in various engineering applications because of their
good combination of various properties such as unbeatable light weight, relatively high
strength, ease of fabrication, corrosion resistance, high impact strength, design flexibility,
dimensional stability, non-conductive properties, etc. So, polymer composites have attracted
a big attention from world-wide researchers. Epoxy based composite are largely used in load
bearing application such as aerospace and automobile industries due to their good
mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In this research work, epoxy-based
composites were developed by adding 5% wood saw dusts or 2 mm size chopped jute fibers.
The developed composites were then characterized by tensile tests. Experimental results
revealed that 5% saw dusts additions have no significant effect on the tensile strength of
epoxy-based polymer composites, however, chopped jute fibers has been found to decrease
the strength as well as fracture morphology noticeably.
Keywords: epoxy matrix composites, natural fibers, wood saw dust, chopped jute fiber, tensile property
103
Abstract no. 3
INVESTIGATION OF BANGLADESHI CENTELLA ASIATICA, MORINGA
OLEIFERA AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA FOR ANTIOXIDANTS
Baishali Barua Pooja, Azratul Bashar Tusi, Nishat Tabassum and Md. Iqbal Hossain*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Oxidative stress, which is caused due to the imbalance of the free-radicals produced by cells
in human body, is one of the major causative factors in the induction of many chronic and
degenerative diseases. Antioxidants are the free-radical scavengers. Antioxidants help to
neutralize or suppress the free radicals. The sources of antioxidants can be natural, or
artificial. The studies on medicinal plants and vegetables support that the constituents with
antioxidant activity are able to provide protection against oxidative stress. Centella asiatica,
Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica of some geographical regions were reported to
contain antioxidants. The present study was therefore aimed to investigate Centella asiatica,
Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica commonly available in Bangladesh over the year for
antioxidant constituents.
The leaves of each selective plant were washed thoroughly and blended with distilled water
at the absence and presence of ethanol in a household blender for the transfer of potential
antioxidants to the solvent phase. The solvent phase was subsequently separated by
filtration. The presence of specific antioxidants in the solvent phase was identified by a
calibrated UV visible spectrophotometer. The flavonoids group having antioxidant activity
was detected for each plant. The use of ethanol was found not to aid the transfer process.
However, the transfer of flavonoids group was affected by temperature and rotating speed.
The effect of temperature was dual in nature with the presence of an optimum temperature
value. The plants were also found to behave differently with the increase in temperature.
Present study would be useful for the application of Centella asiatica, Moringa oleifera and
Azadirachta indica as a natural resource of antioxidants.
Keywords: oxidative stress, antioxidants, centella asiatica, moringa oleifera, azadirachta indica
104
Abstract no. 5
STUDY OF HIBISCUS ROSASINENSIS AS A FEEDSTOCK FOR NATURAL
COLORANT TO FOOD
Fahim Rashid Choudhury, Azmain Akash and Md. Iqbal Hossain*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The application of coloring to food is widespread around the globe. Some of the artificial food
colorants are highly carcinogenic. Exploration of new natural colorants has therefore been
under research. The present study was aimed to evaluate Hibiscus rosasinensis flower as a
potential feedstock for natural colorant. Crude anthocyanin was first extracted from Hibiscus
rosasinensis flower in a Soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as the solvent. Flower to solvent ratio
was found to affect the extraction largely. A ratio of 1:20 was found to give the highest
fraction of extract. The cytotoxicity of crude anthocyanin extract was subsequently
determined by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. The LC50 value for crude anthocyanin extract was
2332 µg/ml, which is higher than the required minimum threshold value. Hence the findings
of present study would be useful towards the application of H. rosasinensis flower as a
feedstock for natural colorant to food.
Keywords: colorants to food, artificial colorants, natural colorants, Hibiscus rosasinensis, food safety
105
Abstract no. 6
INVESTIGATION OF THE ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF SPINEL TYPE
MAGNETITE: AN AB- INITIO APPROACH
Roksana Parvin, Akther Hossain*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Magnetite is the most important ore of iron. It has a wide variety of uses including pigments,
radiation shielding, ballast, and many other products. Its Fe3O4 composition is spinel type
ferrite (general formula-AB2O4) with Fd-3m space group confirmed by structural analysis
through Rietveld refinement. The electronic properties of Magnetite and its substitute
(Li0.1Cu0.1Co0.1Zn0.6Fe2.1O4) have been carefully synthesized and investigated for the next
generation multifunctional device fabrication. Electronic properties include the band
structure diagram, total and partial density of states, charge density of the studied
compositions, dopant contribution at Fermi level etc. It has been found that the band gap
drastically changes from 0.006 eV due to doping of Li, Cu, Co (in Octahedral B-site) and Zn (in
Tetrahedral A-site). We try to explain the reaction kinetics. More over the mechanical (elastic
constants) and optical properties also have been studied. Crystal structures of the specimens
are drawn using CASTEP based Material Studio and VESTA. We have taken the Cauchy
pressure, shear modulus G, bulk modulus B, Young modulus E and Poisson’s ratio v. Photon
energy dependent absorption coefficient, reflectivity, refractive index, conductivity, dielectric
function and loss functions are also have been taken. Microstructure of
Li0.1Cu0.1Co0.1Zn0.6Fe2.1O4 is analyzed from FESEM micrograph with histogram (using Fiji
/image J).
Keywords: spinel ferrite, magnetite, electronic properties, elastic properties, density of states, fermi
level
106
Abstract no. 8
A NOVEL CATALYST FROM FRUIT PEELS FOR BIODIESEL
PRODUCTION
Md. Moshiur Rahman1, Md. Owaleur Rahman1, Marufa Khatun1, Esmat Ara Eti1, Md Jahangir
Alam1*, K. M. Anisul Haque2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology,
2Department of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Peels from Trewia nudiflora, a waste biomass material available almost everywhere in
Bangladesh, were calcined and employed as a green and highly effective heterogeneous base
catalyst for sustainable biodiesel synthesis. The peel of Trewia nudiflora (PTN) has been
characterized by X-ray diffractograms (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to investigate the unknown phases,
molecular interaction, and surface morphology, respectively. The transesterification reaction
of plant fruits oil was optimized at 1% w/w of PTN catalyst, at 3 h reaction time, 85°C, and
10:1 methanol: oil molar ratio, yielding-biodiesel high oil conversion (98%). The PTN
employed almost 98% conversion of plant fruits oil into biodiesel. Low cost, renewable
heterogeneous catalysts from PTN can be developed for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)
production providing a new route for the production of sustainable fuels.
Keywords: novel catalyst, fruit peel, trewia nudiflora, sustainable, biodiesel.
107
Abstract no. 9
QUANTIFICATION OF INHERENT ENERGY RESILIENCE OF PROCESS
SYSTEMS: GAS SWEETENING UNIT
Dr Sirshendu Guha*1 and Souvik Guha2
1 Engineers India Limited, New Delhi, India
2 Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, India
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
In contrast to physical failure of process systems, quantification of inherent system energy
resilience has been carried out considering performance failure of process systems under this
work. The inherent energy resilience for process systems can be conceptualized from the
perspectives of material resilience. Correlations have been used to assess inherent energy
resilience properties of constituent process systems pertaining to a Gas Sweetening Unit
(GSU) as a case study. A steady state condition has been considered and system stress and
system strain equations have been used to quantify the inherent system energy resilience. It
is assessed that absorber column and regenerator column systems under study possess
inherent energy resilience of around 5% (absorber column) and 15% (regenerator column)
with regard to variation in upstream feed sour gas flow rate beyond 100% design flow rate,
i.e., 27814 kg/h. It is also established that the lean-rich exchanger system under study
possesses inherent energy resilience of around 10% with regard to variation in upstream feed
sour gas flow rate beyond 100% design flow rate. Results also indicate that similar to a
material, all the process systems under study (i.e., absorber, regenerator, lean-rich
exchanger) of a Gas Sweetening Unit (GSU) demonstrate inverse relationship of modulus of
energy resilience (Ur) with modulus of elasticity (Esys) in all applicable operating variable
deviation regimes. Computer simulation using a process simulator SIMULATION SCIENCES
INC, Pro/II (Version 9.2) has been utilized for this study. Finally, one example is given regarding
design procedure in relation to incorporation of 50% over capacity factor or inherent energy
resiliency in the absorber column by augmentation of number of column trays.
Keywords: true material stress, true material strain, material resilience, system energy resilience,
system modulus of elasticity, system yield stress, gas sweetening unit, process simulation
108
Abstract no. 12
EXTRACTION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF
CHITOSAN FROM FUNGAL SPECIES A. NIGER AND S. CEREVISIAE
Nafisa Islam1*, Mizanul Hoque1, Sayeed Sazzad1, Shaafique Chowdhury1, Parisa Farzeen1, Md.
Masirul Afroz2
1 Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
2 University of Wyoming, USA
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Chitosan is a biopolymer having a broad range of applications in different fields, such as
medical, agricultural, water treatment etc. due to its multifunctional properties. Fungal cell
wall containing chitosan can be more advantageous than other sources of chitosan
(crustaceans etc.) because of its high degree of deacetyation (DD%), antimicrobial activity and
homogeneity in polymer. In previous studies, sporulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae and
A.niger was investigated as a potential sources of chitosan. The objective of this study is to
characterize the extracted fungal chitosan and investigate their antibacterial activity. S.
cerevisiea was obtained from the local market and, the effect of ammonium acetate and
sodium acetate on the sporulation of yeast was observed. The S. cerevisiae was cultured in
nutrition starvation condition with sodium acetate as a non-fermentable carbon source and
ammonium acetate was used to investigate its action as a sporulation medium on chitosan.
The sporulation was performed for 3 and 5 days to investigate the effect of cultivation
duration. The data obtained from the study show the potentiality of sodium acetate to get a
higher yield of chitosan (36 mg/g for 5 days’ cultivation) and sporulation inhibiting action of
ammonium acetate was observed. A. niger was cultured in potato dextrose broth, then
chitosan was extracted from the mycelia of A. niger through treatment with sodium hydroxide
and acetic acid. The extracted fungal chitosan were characterized using FTIR (Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and DD% obtained for chitosan from both fungal sources
were between 65% to 66%. Antibacterial property for chitosan from A niger was checked on
E.coli and for chitosan from S cerevisiae was checked on Staphylococcus aureus. At 1% (10g/L)
concentration, A niger based fungal chitosan had a good inhibition zone, with an average
diameter of 11.5 mm. At a concentration of 3 g/L, S cerevisiae chitosan had shown the
maximum inhibition zone diameter of 15.38 mm. Commercially available (shrimp) chitosan
was used to compare the antibacterial activity of chitosan, which gave a zone of inhibition of
9.2mm. Thus the fungal chitosan showed comparatively better antimicrobial properties
against two types of bacteria.
109
Keywords: fungal chitosan, antimicrobial properties, zone of inhibition
Abstract no. 13
HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION AND ECOLOGICAL RISK
ASSESSMENT IN THE SOIL OF TANNERY INDUSTRY AT SAVAR
Sabiha Momtaz Tisha1, Tasnia Rahman Chowdhury1, Md. Delwar Hossain2*
1 Military Institute of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
2 Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Heavy metal contamination in soil is considered a global crisis and its bulk proportions are in
developing countries like Bangladesh. Five heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Ni were
investigated in the soil of Savar tannery industrial estate. The decreasing trend of metals was
observed in the soil as Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd. According to US EPA guideline, Cr was heavily
polluted at the selected locations. Cu was highly polluted, whereas Cd and Pb were not
polluted and Ni was moderately polluted. on the basis of Pearson’s correlation Cd-Pb, Cd-Cu,
Cu-Ni, Ni-Cu, Ni-Pb were significantly correlated. From the pollution index, metal pollution of
sediments was found in the order as Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd. The degree of contamination and
modified degree of contamination were higher in the dumping zones. The geo-accumulation
index for Cr showed moderate to extremely contaminated. Ecological risk arrayed in the order
of Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd in the soil of the study area. Geographic information system (GIS) was
also used to map the spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination in the soil. This study
recommended that continuous monitoring of heavy metal contamination should be directed
to assess their risk in the soil of the tannery industry at Savar.
Keywords: contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, ecological risk index, spatial distribution
110
Abstract no. 15
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BY EXTRACTING BIO-
FERTILIZER
Farzad Hossain1*, Arafat A. Bhuiyan1, Afshana Morshed2 and Ahmed Kadhim Hussein3
1 Islamic University of Technology, Bangladesh
2 University of Wollongong, Australia
3 University of Babylon, Iraq
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Municipal solid waste has been grown into one of the serious issues in Bangladesh. The swift
broadening of urbanization and unbridled urban sprawl seriously degrades the environment,
natural resources, and therefore undermines equitable and sustainable development. In this
paper, the main focus has been given on the extraction of bio-fertilizer from municipal solid
waste. The objective of the paper is to identify the recent potential of municipal solid waste,
to reveal the existing municipal solid waste management practice, to determine the efficient
way of extracting bio-fertilizer from municipal waste from a few alternatives and to suggest
the best-suited policy of waste management. Decentralization of the dumping site can be a
suitable option for waste transportation and composting. When people throw residential
waste on the road, it is necessary to collect the waste so that it can be transported to the
dumping site. Moreover, biodegradable waste can produce ecologically sustainable organic
bio-fertilizer by utilizing the composting. The production of compost needs proper
management, a lot of manpower, strategic depth and funding so that it is necessary to ensure
responsibility and awareness of the public. It has been found that the mean compost
generation is more than 55 kg/month and mean moisture content is around 24%.
Additionally, finished compost has very good quality and huge profits can be earned per day
by selling compost.
Keywords: urbanization, sustainable development, bio-fertilizer, municipal solid waste, dumping,
awareness
111
Abstract no. 16
NON-BIODEGRADABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BY
EXTRACTING PYROLYTIC FUEL
Farzad Hossain1*, Arafat A. Bhuiyan1, Afshana Morshed2 and Ahmed Kadhim Hussein3
1 Islamic University of Technology, Bangladesh
2 University of Wollongong, Australia
3 University of Babylon, Iraq
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Non-biodegradable solid waste has been grown into one of the serious issues in Bangladesh.
The rapid growth of population, rapid industrialization and removal of solid waste seriously
degrades the environment and creates an energy crisis. In this paper, the main focus has been
given on the extraction of pyrolytic fuel from non-biodegradable solid waste. The objective of
the paper is to test pyrolysis technology for effectively manage non-biodegradable organic
waste, to find out the quantity of fuel at various pyrolysis temperatures, and to investigate
the physical and chemical properties of the products. Pyrolysis of the waste tube and tire has
been investigated and physical properties of pyrolytic oil have been compared with diesel
fuel. It has been observed that the yield of pyrolytic oil has been increased from 37.9% to
46.26% by weight after changing temperature from 625°C to 425°C for the waste tire.
Moreover, maximum of 44.4% yield has been identified for the waste tube. The oil vapor
comparatively gets sufficient time for secondary reaction in the reactor and therefore,
increment in gas yields and, decrement in liquid and char yields. So, it is necessary to optimize
the process in order to attain an eco-affable method.
Keywords: non-biodegradable, solid waste, pyrolytic fuel, properties, optimize, eco-affable
112
Abstract no. 17
ASSESSMENT OF THIN CEMENT-SAND MORTAR SHEET
PERFORMANCE AS PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE, A STUDY IN
BIO-ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEM
M.S. Shajol*, M.T.H. Tuhin, R. Hasan
Department of Civil Engineering, CUET, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), a device to generate electricity with the use of organic waste, is
considered to be a more competent option nowadays for waste management as well as
power generation. MFC could be a sustainable power source (SPC) for the future world where
the power demand is expected to increase by a significant amount. The performance of the
MFC is mostly depended on the materials used for its electrodes. However, its constituent
elements are too expensive to make it a viable product for power generation. Replacing its
membrane with a thin cement-sand mortar (CSM) sheet could be an option to reduce its cost.
This study assessed the performance of an MFC where CSM sheets of different thicknesses
(4mm, 7mm, 9mm, 10mm) were used as a proton-exchange membrane, and variable water,
cement, and the sand ratio was also used to prepare CSM sheets as well. Sediments from a
local Lotus Pond were taken as the substrate to run the MFC. Verification of a thin cement-
sand mortar sheet as a replacement for traditional membrane materials of MFC to produce
electricity was performed, and it was found that the prepared sheet for this study has the
capacity to generate power. The performance evaluation of the sheet showed that the
production of electricity was increased with the decrease of the thickness of the proton
exchange membrane (PEM) of the CSM sheet, and the optimum output was observed at 4
mm thickness of the sheet. However, further evaluation of the study is recommended to get
optimum production from the CSM.
keywords: microbial fuel cell (MFC), electricity, proton exchange membrane (PEM), cement sand
mortar (CSM) sheet
113
Abstract no. 18
EVALUATION OF A SINGLE PASS FILTRATION SYSTEM USING TEXTILE
WASTEWATER
M.T.H. Tuhin*, M.A. Tajik, I. Shawkat, S.H. Shahrin
Department of Civil Engineering, CUET, Chittagong, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bangladesh's textile industry demands large amounts of water and produces wastewater
having a high load of contaminants. And thus, the treatment of this wastewater is not only
perplexing but also costly as well. It has been found that the biological treatment process
possesses a high degree of efficiency with minimum running costs. This paper provides
directions for a single pass filtration system for textile effluent using a filter with a plant
(Cordyline Terminalis) along with locally available materials, such as sand gravel, p-gravel,
brick chips, and coal. The removal efficiency of the designed filter was checked in two phases.
At first, the domestic wastewater from the kitchen and bath of S.K.Hal, CUET was used, and
the characteristics of water before and after filtration were checked. After having effective
results in the first phase, water was then collected from two textile sources: CEPZ Treatment
Plant and Apparel Promotous LTD., Chittagong, for the desire evaluation. The study shows
that significant removal efficiency of pH remains between 9-25%, color between 60-95%,
turbidity between 70-99%, TDS between 45-95%, COD between 30%-60%.
Keywords: industrial waste water, cordyline terminalis, tds, colour, turbidity
114
Abstract no. 21
IMPLEMENTATION OF RAIN WATER IN PREPARATORY PROCESSES
AS WELL AS DYEING OF KNITTED COTTON FABRIC AND COMPARE
THE EFFECTS WITH GROUND WATER
Md Samiul Alom1, Farjana Badhon1, Shampa Rani Haldar1, Tonmoy Saha2, *
1National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER)
2Bangladesh University of Textile (BUTEX)
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Textile industries are very much intensive to water. A large amount of water is consumed
every day during various textile processes and one of the main sources of this water is
groundwater. This project aimed to work with rainwater which can be an alternative source
of groundwater. In this project, the quality of rainwater is evaluated first and matched with
the standard. From different tests such as turbidity, water hardness, amount of dissolved
solids, and iron content. We found that the rainwater achieved the standard level of dyehouse
water supply. After that different wet preparatory processes, as well as dyeing of cotton
fabric, was carried out using rainwater. After completion of each process, the evaluation was
carried out such as weight loss percentage & absorbency for scouring, whiteness Index for
bleaching, and colorfastness tests of dyed fabric. The results were excellent compared with
conventionally groundwater treated fabric.
Keywords: rain water quality, water consumption, no sequestering agent, water turbidity, textile
pretreatment, dyeing, fastness properties
115
Abstract no. 24
QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT (QRA) AND ROUTE
OPTIMIZATION FOR HAZMAT TRANSPORT USING ACCIDENT
DATABASE
Nishat Tasnim, Mohammed Tahmid, Nusrat Jahan, Syeda Sultana Razia*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka-1000
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Transport of hazardous materials in road tankers may lead to catastrophic accidents resulting
in fatalities, injuries, property and environmental damage. It is thus imperative to assess the
risk throughout the entire route to judge if the risk in each road segment is tolerable and if
not, measures must be taken to reduce risks to ALARP (as low as reasonably practicable). Risk
is defined as the product of the frequency and consequence of an event; thus, it is necessary
to use reliable, location specific data for estimation of frequencies to avoid over or
underestimation of risk. In this study, a QRA based hazmat transportation risk assessment
framework has been developed that utilizes an accident database. Frequencies are assigned
to road segments for which risk has been assumed to be homogenous, based on road intrinsic
parameters including grade, horizontal curvature, driveway density etc. Consequences of
accidents are modelled using probit models and ALOHA. The proposed method has been
applied to two routes which fall in the LPG transport network of Bangladesh. Individual risk
and Societal risk have been determined for the entire route and an aggregate index has been
calculated for both routes, to determine the safer option. Societal risk has been expressed as
Potential Loss of Life (PLL) for on and off-road population to identify segments which exceed
the risk acceptability criterion. A cost-benefit analysis method has also been developed to
evaluate cost competitiveness of risk reduction measures. The results have been displayed
spatially using ArcGIS tool which can aid in identification of hotspots for accidents and thus
plan emergency response.
keywords: hazmat transport, QRA, accident frequency, societal risk
116
Abstract no. 26
LIFE CYCLE BASED RISK ASSESSMENT OF PORTABLE LPG CYLINDERS
Joyati Biswas Suchi, Samiha Zaman, Syeda Sultana Razia*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has been in use as domestic and commercial cooking fuel in
Bangladesh for several decades and the demand for LPG is growing exponentially in the
country. The safe and reliable running of the LPG cylinders is highly significant for the civil
economy and private property protection. The work focuses on the analysis of LPG cylinder
life cycle, failure of the cylinder in different phases of its lifecycle and the determination of
most critical phases for ensuring safety. The useful lifetime of LPG cylinder not only depends
on appropriate manufacture of cylinders but also on proper handling during subsequent
phases. Risk assessment of LPG cylinder was conducted using fault tree analysis (FTA) method.
The Fault tree was developed for each phase of the LPG cylinder lifecycle: filling, loading,
transportation, unloading and final use. Risks were evaluated from probability values, annual
reports and foreign databases. A case study of portable cylinders filled and transported by a
local LPG company has been carried out. Results were presented as severity plot against
frequency of cylinder failure for different phases and conditions. It has been concluded that
the highest risk of cylinder failures is due to gas leakage, mechanical defects and human error
and the order of contributing phase to risk are final use, transportation, handling and filling.
Finally, appropriate inspection time and risk mitigation steps were suggested for LPG
cylinders.
keywords: liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinder, safety risk assessment, fault tree analysis
117
Abstract no. 27
BAKER YEAST PRODUCTION FROM SUGARCANE MOLASSES USING
ORANGE PEEL AS BIOCATALYST
Md Hasan Shahriar Raby, Fahmina Binte Hossain, Md Anisur Rahman, Mostofa Shoroar Shuvo, Md
Shahadat Hossain, Abu Yousuf*
Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as baker yeast, is considered a commercially important
microorganism due to its immense applicability in different types of food industries. In an
effort to augment the production of baker yeast, the effect of orange peel-a citrus peel waste-
as a biocatalyst was studied in aerobic batch fermentation using molasses as nutrient medium
at ambient condition. The molasses was collected from Carew and Co. (Bangladesh) Limited
and diluted to 10ᵒBrix of which 100ml were taken with to 3.75g orange peel in a fermenter.
Dry weight of baker yeast was 0.63g/100ml of aerobic fermented molasses and in catalytic
aerobic fermentation was 1.52g/100ml. Around 141% grater biomass was found in catalytic
fermentation of molasses. Also, result showed no significant improvement in yeast growth
curve using the biocatalyst, reason of which may be attributed to inhibitory effect of D-
limonene present in orange peel.
Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, orange peel, aerobic fermentation, D-limonene, growth curve
118
Abstract no. 29
INNOVATED EQUATION INDICATES THE SCIENTIFIC DESIGN OF
GREEN JUTE PLANT UTILITIES IN PAPER, JUTE AND TEXTILE SECTORS
Dr. Muhammad Rabiul Alam*
Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The heterogeneous characteristics of green jute plant (GJP) is the mystery of creation. A series
of experimental study have been done both laboratory and processes 1991 to till now to find
out the real problems of GJP in their non-uniformity of physical, chemical and mechanical
properties. An experimental study of pulping was conducted by different parts (top, middle
& bottom) of whole GJP. During chemical analysis it was found that the alpha-cellulose
content increases whereas hemi-cellulose, lignin and extractive content decreases from top
to bottom part i.e., increasing trend of diameter of GJP. The kraft pulp yield and strength
properties also increases (except tear) from top to bottom part of GJP i.e., decreasing trend
of removal substances of hemicellulose, lignin and extractives. The bottom part of GJP
appears to be more acceptable pulping raw materials due to its higher alpha cellulose and
lowers hemicellulose and lignin content. From the experimental results of GJP pulping and
retting (i,e., jute fibre processing) may be revealed that as the increasing trend of diameters
of whole GJP from top to bottom means favorable for pulping and unfavorable for fibre
processing or vice versa. Major average constituents of textile sector are viscose and cotton.
Due to higher alpha cellulose content of bottom parts also fulfill the requirement of dissolving
pulp for textile fibres (viscose or lyocell). Naturally the scientific design of GJP means
transform its asset which must balance accordingly in paper, jute and textile (PJT) sectors.
Bottom part cutting ultimately achieved abatement of low grade jute, retting period reduced,
good quality jute fibre as well as availability of ‘tree free’ paper making fibrous raw materials.
The scientific design of GJP are paper making pulp (RP) from bottom part and good quality
jute (JFr) from the remaining parts of GJP. So, the scientific relation is derived as follows.
Quantity of paper production (RP) is directly proportional to the elimination of low grade jute
fibre loss (∆FL)
i.e., RP ∞ ∆FL
or RP= r ∆FL………………..(1)
∆FL= JFc-JFr ………………(2)
119
Where RP= Rabiul Paper production, according to the name of the inventor
r = proportionality constant (called Rabiul constant), it depends upon pulping processes, age
of the plant, quantity of fibre loss etc.
∆FL = fibre loss i.e., elimination of low-grade jute due to bottom part cutting.
JFc = Conventional jute fibre production per unit area
JFr = Rabiul jute fibre production per unit area
So, the economic valuation of diversified products in PJT sectors means strictly follow up the
above equation.
Keywords: alpha cellulose, paper, fibre loss, quality jute fibre
120
Abstract no. 30
CORRELATION BETWEEN TRAFFIC EMISSION & TRAFFIC VOLUME, A
CASE STUDY OF GEC INTERSECTION, CHITTAGONG
M.A. Tajik*, M.S.U. Jaman, M.A.A. Noman, M.T.H. Tuhin, M.S. Rana
Department of Civil Engineering, CUET, Chittagong-4349
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Air pollution has now become a significant concern for humanity. Among all the sources, the
on-road traffic contributes a vital portion to the pollution and its ever-increasing. Controlling
the pollution demands studies regarding the contamination, which encompasses identifying
sources, easy measurement, and precise documentation of pollution trends. This study's
motto is to work out the relation between air pollutants with the traffic volume, through
analyzing the traffic activity data and emission concentration of contaminants for a particular
place at a specific time. The study's considered area was GEC intersection, one of the most
active regions of Chittagong City, Bangladesh, and the particular time for analysis was taken
to be 5 pm-6 pm. The traffic was divided into two distinct types: light vehicles and heavy
vehicles. Air pollutants regarded were SO2, CO, NO2, NMHC (Non-methane Hydro-Carbon),
and traffic entering from all four legs of the intersection was counted for calculating traffic
volume. The concentration of air pollutants (in ppm) was measured by the aeroqual series
500 instrument, and traffic counting was simultaneous with the measurements. The analysis
shows a linear relationship, for every leg of the intersection, between traffic volume and
pollutant concentration with slight variation depending on the dominance of vehicle type,
light, or heavy vehicle. Light vehicles (72% of total traffic volume) accounted for most
emissions and NMHC (68% of total emission), which is mostly released by all type of petrol
and diesel run-vehicles except for Car/CNG, was found in the highest avg concentration,
followed by CO (19 %), SO2(10%), and NO2(3%).
Keywords: emission, air pollutants, traffic volume, NMHC (non-methane hydro carbon)
121
Abstract no. 31
APPLICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MODEL
PREDICTIVE CONTROLLERS ON REACTIVE DISTILLATION PROCESSES
Ashfaq Iftakher1, Ahaduzzaman Nahid1, Seyed Soheil Mansouri2, Rafiqul Gani3,
M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury1, *
1Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
2Technical University of Denmark
3PSE for SPEED Company Limited
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
In this work, integrated design and control of Reactive Distillation (RD) column operating
under Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is presented. At first, a design target is defined, and
the RD column is designed based on the element concept at the maximum driving force. After
that, the steady state simulation is carried out in ASPEN PLUS that satisfies the design target.
Next, the flow driven dynamic system is linearized in ASPEN PLUS Dynamics and the state
space matrices are obtained. Using the matrices, MPC closed-loop simulation is carried out in
MATLAB. To quantify both the steady state and dynamic operation, a multi objective function
is defined that takes into account both the design (total energy consumption, total carbon
footprint), and the control performance (Integral Absolute Error, total variation of input,
relative gain array, Niederlinski Index). For further verification, an alternative design based on
non-maximal driving force is also obtained, and the corresponding steady state and dynamic
simulation is performed. The closed-loop performance of MPC controller under feed
disturbance shows that the process that is designed at the maximum driving force exhibit
better control performance compared to the design alternative that does not take into
account the maximum available driving force.
Keywords: model predictive controller, driving force, reactive distillation, integrated design-control
122
Abstract no. 32
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A PILOT PLANT FOR STEAM
DISTILLATION FOR ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTION
Nahid Jahan, Farhana N Ahmed*, Md. Robiul Alam, Rajata Suvra Chakrovorty,
Md. Forhad Hossain
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR)
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Water distillation, commonly applied for essential oil production plants in Bangladesh has
some disadvantages like slow rate of production, low yield, high energy consumption which
can be overcome by alternately applying steam distillation. A R&D project for the design and
development of a pilot plant for Steam distillation for essential oil production and its
feasibility study was carried out in the BCSIR. The installed plant with a capacity of 100kg raw
material was operated with 12.5kg Eucalyptus leaf indirectly heating and by controlling
pressure, temperature and other parameters from steam generator. Option for automated
operation was installed using Human Machine Interface (HMI) and Programmable logic
control (PLC). with 165gm essential oil extracted the yield was 1.2%. The production rate was
faster and lower distillation temperature was possible. Estimated operating cost was found
to be lower.
Keywords: steam distillation, pilot plant, design & development, extraction, essential oil
123
Abstract no. 33
ASSESSMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER FROM POTATO-BASED
STARCH
Md. Mahmud*, Md. Shamim Hasan, Md. Riajul Islam Sardar, Bapi Mondal
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Biodegradable polymers produced renewable energy sources that are so promising and
promoting for polymer world. Otherwise, the adverse environmental impacts of synthetic
plastics or petrochemical-based plastics are non-degradable; it’s taken several hundred years
to decompose. According to the present time, the need for the development of biodegradable
polymer is essential. It already plays a very current role within the fields of packaging,
agriculture, gastronomy, consumer electronics, automobile, and food industry applications.
This work helps to improve the polymer more flexibility and more elasticity than other
biopolymers. This study was to prepare biodegradable polymer using potato starch as raw
material, produced using the mixture of potato starch, glycerol, acetic acid, and purified
water. The mixture was stirred with heated and obtained a good yield. Furthermore, the
polymer is suited to safe for the environment and human health.
Keywords: biodegradable polymer, potato, starch, biodegradability, eco-friendly.
124
Abstract no. 34
PROSPECTS OF BIO FUEL GENERATION FOR TRANSPORT FROM
FOOD WASTE IN BANGLADESH
Tashfiqul Islam, Farian Mehjabin*
Department of Chemical Engineering & Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science &
Technology
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
World is heading towards the crisis of fossil fuel. By 2050 the supply of fossil fuel will come to
an end with a flat market rise of 5 per cent. In order to cope with the current situation and
minimize reliance on imported coal, the Government of Bangladesh is promoting the use of
renewable energy sources.
The Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) approach to generate bio energy from food waste is a
promising alternative that does not require pre-drying of the feedstock compared to the
thermal conversion process of manufacturing biofuel. Another advantage is that the resulting
bio-oil is composed not only from lipids but also from carbohydrates and proteins that
increase the overall yield of the product. The hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass has been
previously shown to produce more energy than it consumes. This means that the process
could be run by burning part of the oil/char it produces and have a percentage left over which
can be chemically upgraded to produce transportation fuels. In this sense, HTL bio-oil is
directly comparable to fossil fuel.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation has reported that roughly one-
third of all food (1.3 billion tons/year) produced for human consumption is wasted globally.
The disposal of such huge biomass has become a challenge. In the context of Bangladesh,
wedding ceremonies in particular are the epicentre of food waste.
To date, there has been no formal survey of how much food is actually wasted during
Bangladeshi weddings, but researches says about 10- 20 % of the food served at weddings
goes to waste. By engaging them with HTL, existing food wastage problem too can be
mitigated effectively.
Keywords: hydrothermal liquefaction, renewable energy, fossil fuel, biomass, bio-oil, food waste
minimization
125
Abstract no. 36
AN ANALYSIS ON THE MORBIDITY OF SLUM DWELLERS: A CASE
STUDY OF RAJSHAHI CITY
Shahriar Ahmed*, Ashiqur Rahman, Alif Al-Maruf, Antar Banik, Abdul Momin,
Nazia Hossain, Md. S Zubayer
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET)
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Rajshahi, a divisional city of Bangladesh with a population masses of 0 .44 million where a
significant number of people live in slum area. The morbidity in slum is higher than any other
places due to the poor environmental and infrastructural condition. Different slum areas of
Rajshahi city such as Talaimari Slum, Vodra Slum, Padma Residential Area Slum have been
selected for the study where morbidity is a crucial issue. The aim of the study is to find out
the causes and degree of morbidity of slum dwellers. For data collection, a household
questionnaire survey of sample size 88 has been done. Systematic sampling method has been
used for the survey. The obtained data has been analyzed with MS Office tool. The study
shows that the environment of the slums is messy and unhygienic. It is found that 90% of the
people suffer from diarrhea, dysentery or fever and about 83% of their age is 40 or above. It
also has been found that the morbidity rate is higher among the illiterate people and almost
three-fourth of the slum people are illiterate or primary educated. This study has some
findings that some dustbins, well drainage system as well as health complex should be placed
in order to reduce this morbidity problem of the slum dwellers. As this study picked almost
all the possible causes of morbidity so it will help the concerned authority with valuable
information for the future improvement of the slum dwellers.
Keywords: slum, morbidity, systematic sampling, disease
126
Abstract no. 37
DEVELOPMENT, TESTING AND DEMONSTRATION OF A FUEL-
FLEXIBLE BURNER FOR FIRED HEATERS
Abu Jamaluddin1, *, Charles Benson2, Roberto Pelizzari2, Seth Marty3,
Thomas Young3, Rex Isaacs3, Joseph Renk4
1Shell Global Solutions (US), Inc. (Retired)
2etaPartners
3Zeeco
4United States Department of Energy
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The US Department of Energy and the project team members co-funded the development,
testing and demonstration of a fuel-flexible burner for refineries and chemical plants. The
new burner enables operation of fired heaters on fuels ranging from conventional gases to
bio-gases and synthetic gases. The unique flame stabilization mechanism of the burner allows
heater operation to continue safely if and when rapid fuel switching, or wide and rapid swings
in fuel quality, occurs.
The technology was developed by modifying Zeeco’s Freejet-style ultra-low-NOx burner. A
new two-piece burner tile (hereafter referred to as the “Trapped Vortex”, or TV, tile) was
developed on the basis of Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations (1). Pilot-scale testing
of two versions of the fuel-flexible burner was undertaken in horizontal and vertical test
furnaces at Zeeco’s Combustion Test Facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Fuel blends corresponding
to natural gas, refinery fuel gas, and a variety of bio- and waste-gases were utilized in these
tests. The lower heating value (LHV) of the fuels ranged from 1100 Btu/scf to 88 Btu/scf. To
accommodate this broad range of fuel characteristics, each burner was equipped with
multiple fuel rings. The tests demonstrated superior performance, both in terms of fuel-
flexibility and flame stability, compared to commercially available burners (2).
Following the successful tests at Zeeco, three of these burners were installed in a small
process heater at Shell Chemical plant located in Deer Park, Texas (DPC). The burners
deployed at DPC had one fuel manifold since the Shell plant emphasized ease of maintenance,
and employed fuels with a significantly narrower range of heating values (440 Btu/scf to 1100
Btu/scf).
127
This paper describes the basic design concepts, and presents data on the performance of the
fuel-flexible burner in test furnaces as well as in the process heater at DPC. Stable flame was
maintained as the LHV of the fuel was rapidly switched from 910 Btu/scf to 300 Btu/scf, and
then back at 910 Btu/scf in the test furnace.
A patent for the new burner was issued by the US Patent Office in March, 2017 (Patent No.
9,593,847).
Keywords: fired heater, burner, fuel, testing, demonstration
128
Abstract no. 39
ANALYZING THE RELATION BETWEEN AIR QUALITY INDEX AND
TRANSPORTATION MODE: A CONTEXTUAL INVESTIGATION OF
CHITTAGONG CITY CORPORATION
Juhaer Akhtab*, Asif Mahmud Tanvir, Abdullah Al Noman Prince
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET)
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The level of air pollution in many of the developing countries is terrible to the point that it is
being perceived as one of the priority issues. Road transport has become by far the major
source of air pollution and traffic congestion in urban areas. Chittagong is one of the major
urban centers in Bangladesh with diversified transport modes. The study aims to investigate
the condition of the air quality in relation with the transportation mode of the city center.
Analysis of the time series air quality data (of specific air pollutants and particulate matters
from selected stations from the year 2018) indicates that the ambient air of Chittagong city
remains polluted for more than 7 months a year ranging from January to April and October
to December. There is a significant weight on the transport methods of the downtown area
as it holds one of the important international port. As maximum pollution is determined next
to the roadside area it is clear to have the effects of the motorized vehicle. The motorized
vehicles which emit pollutants like NOx, SO2, CO, O3, PM-10 and PM-2.5 are relatively higher
in number than non-motorized vehicles. The extreme level of urbanization has caused such
condition which radically expanded the motorized vehicle over non-motorized vehicle. The
level of urbanization has just reduced the public transports and featuring private transports
which is making such contamination hit hard. Without proper implementation of strategic
planning on the transportation sector it is not possible to ensure healthy air quality.
Keywords: air quality index, air pollution, transportation mode, motorized vehicle, urbanization.
129
Abstract no. 40
THE EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUID SWELLING FROM GAS
DISSOLUTION ON GAS KICK DETECTION
Kaushik Manikonda1 * Abu Rashid Hasan1, Nazmul Rahmani2,
Mohammad Azizur Rahman3
1Texas A&M University
2Texas A&M University, Kingsville
3Texas A&M University, Qatar
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
A gas kick is an unplanned gas ingress into an oil/gas well during drilling operations. If the
entrance of this flammable natural gas is undetected and unchecked, it can get up to the
platform and ignite, with disastrous consequences, as happened during Macondo well
blowout. Gas entering at the well bottom moves up the well, expands, and expels more of
the drilling fluid than would happen without a gas kick. Timely detection of gas ingress,
essential to preventing a blowout, often depends on observing the additional annulus drilling
fluid (mud) that adds to the volume of mud collecting in the mud pit (pit gain). Many modern
drilling fluids, especially those used in offshore drilling, contain oil that dissolves natural gas
at high pressures, keeping most of the incoming gas in solution for a long time and causing
the mud to swell. Thus, pit gain in oil-based mud (OBM) is primarily due to mud swelling
instead of gas expansion at the initial stages of a gas kick. Hence, knowledge of the extent of
mud swelling is critical in detecting a gas kick and assessing the kick’s extent.
We developed a model to analyze the dynamics of a soluble gas kick in an annulus with oil-
based drilling fluid. Gas kick modeling is a complex problem; this paper specifically addresses
the issue of drilling fluid swelling from gas dissolution and its effect on the kick detection.
In a typical drilling process, the drilling fluid is pumped through the drill string, goes out
through the drill bits, and circulates back out through the wellbore-tubing annulus. The
pressure profile in the annulus is calculated using the known properties of the fluid and an
assumed linear temperature profile. When unintended reservoir gas (assumed to be pure
methane) enters this system, we calculate the amount of the gas that will go into solution
based on its solubility. The model needs to estimate the drilling fluid swelling caused by this
gas dissolution which, we estimate using existing oil swelling or volume factor (Bo)
correlations. Of the many correlations available to estimate Bo at various temperatures and
130
pressures, we examined the following four widely used correlations: Standing, (1947),
Vazquez & Beggs, (1977), Petrosky & Farshad, (1993), and O'Bryan (1988).
Comparisons between the results from these correlations show that Petrosky & Farshad,
(1993) and O'Bryan (1988) correlations give results that are more consistent than others. In
particular, the extensive high-quality data used by O'Bryan to develop his correlation offers
confidence in the results. More investigation is needed to determine the validity of these
correlations. Additionally, it is desirable to develop fluid volume swelling from fundamental
thermodynamic principles and equations of state, a weakness of our model. Another
limitation of our model is the assumption of a linear fluid temperature profile. The fluid
temperature needs to be estimated from appropriate energy balances between the tubing
fluid, wellbore fluid, and the wellbore surrounding. We plan to work on those items in the
future.
Keywords: drilling fluid swelling, drilling fluid volume factor, gas kick in OBM, offshore drilling, gas kick
modeling, methane solubility in oil-based mud
131
Abstract no. 41
AN EFFICIENT LCSOFT TOOL FOR LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF
CHEMICAL PROCESS CASE STUDIES O. Padungwatanaroj1, A. Robin1, N. Kuprasertwong1, R. Gani2, K. Udomwong1 *
1PSE for SPEED Company Limited, Thailand
2PSE for SPEED Company Limited, Denmark
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Life Cycle Assessment or LCA is a technique to evaluate and analyze environmental impacts
through the entire life cycle of products and its associated processes. A computer-aided tool,
LCSoft has been developed for thorough and reliable LCA related calculations. Although
several commercial tools for LCA analysis are available, however, a simple and easy to use
tool that integrated with other computer-aided tools needed for the LCA calculation, can help
to perform LCA based analysis more efficiently and reliably. Therefore, LCSoft was integrated
with other tools such as process simulation & design software, economic analysis and
sustainability analysis as data from these tools are needed for the LCA related calculations.
Options for normalization of data, sensitivity analysis, the uncertainty of estimations,
alternative comparison and eco-efficiency evaluation (water scarcity and ecological
footprints) are also available as results. LCA related calculations are based on Life Cycle Impact
categories (LCIA), including midpoint and endpoint impacts. Also, LCSoft can estimate water
scarcity footprint and ecological footprint at different locations and periods of time. For a
given problem, LCsoft will analyze the production with respect to raw material sources, all
stages of product life, and every section of the manufacturing processes to calculate the
emissions and wastes. It will also point out the process hotspots such that targets for
improvement can be defined. The presentation will highlight the easy-used of software
architecture, the different options that are available and its application will be highlighted
through three case studies: Bioethanol production, Cumene production and
Hydrodealkylation of Toluene (HDA processes).
Keywords: life cycle assessment, life cycle inventory, sustainable process design, environmental impact,
bioethanol case study
132
Abstract no. 42
COMPUTER-AIDED TOOL FOR FAST, EFFICIENT AND SUSTAINABLE
PROCESS FLOWSHEET DESIGN
A. Robin1, O. Padungwatanaroj1, N. Kuprasertwong1*, A. Tula2 and R. Gani3
1PSE for SPEED Company Limited, Thailand
2PSE for SPEED Company Limited, China
3PSE for SPEED Company Limited, Denmark
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Process synthesis and design are well-known concepts in the process development. While
process synthesis aims to find the optimal process flowsheets among numerous alternatives
using known unit operations, process design aims to determine optimal values for the process
operating variables in a given flowsheet subject to the same process and performance criteria.
Currently, the aim is also to find sustainable process designs, that promote sustainable
technologies through efficient use of resources in order to reduce or minimize energy usage,
time, environmental impact and resource wastage, unnecessary costs, bottlenecks, and many
more. The main difficulty is how to achieve the optimal processing route and associated
process operation design reliably, efficiently, and systematically that are also sustainable.
In this work, a computer-aided tool, ProCAFD (Tula et al 2019) is presented that employs a
multi-scale framework and a suite of associated computer-aided tools, which helps to
synthesize, design, analyze and innovate all feasible flowsheet process alternatives as well as
to identify more sustainable alternatives. ProCAFD can generate all the process alternatives
for a given problem and quickly screen them to find the best alternative through a process-
groups based method as well as superstructure-based mathematical programming. It is also
integrated with external simulators such as ICAS, ASPEN PLUS and Pro/II where the simulator
input file is automatically created for any selected process flowsheet that has been generated.
Based on the process simulation results, ProCAFD has a collection of integrated analysis tools
for various types of analysis, such as economic, life cycle, sustainability and process safety to
identify process bottlenecks. Based on the identified bottlenecks (process hotspots), design
targets for process improvement are defined and also analyze for process integration and
intensification using another set of tools, new alternatives that match the targets for
improvement are determined. The application of this computer-aided tool is illustrated
through several case studies involving industrially important processes where in each case
study, ProCAFD is able to generate new and innovative solutions than the ones reported in
the literature. The presentation will highlight new features, such as generation of alternatives
133
through process integration and intensification, updated analysis tools, improved user-
interface and links to external computer-aided tools.
Keywords: process synthesis, process design, PROCAFD, sustainable technology, process integration,
process intensification
134
Abstract no. 43
FAST, EFFICIENT & RELIABLE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ESTIMATION
THROUGH A NEW CLASS OF SOFTWARE TOOLS
N. Kuprasertwong1*, O. Padungwatanaroj1, A. Robin1, S. Areerat1, A. Tula2, L. Zhang3, R. Gani4
1PSE for SPEED, Thailand
2College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, China
3Institute of Process Systems Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of
Technology, China
4PSE for SPEED, Denmark
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Chemical properties are needed for both product and process design. In process design,
chemical properties are used to determine the process conditions (temperature, pressure,
and/or composition) that match the design objectives. In chemical product design, the
reverse problem of properties calculation is performed, that is, for a given set of desired
properties, the molecular structures or their mixtures that match the properties are
identified. Also, both in process and product evaluation, property models and associated
databases play an important role in process and product simulations as the models used in
these simulations, need to use a large collection of property models. Therefore, the
knowledge of physical and thermodynamic properties is a basic requirement for performing
tasks related to process design, simulation, and optimization as well as design of chemicals-
based products.
While use of experimental property values is desirable, laboratory measurements may be
time consuming, expensive, and, in many cases, it is not practically feasible to perform the
necessary experiments because of reasons of safety and/or chemical stability. Therefore, the
focus has been to develop property models and tools that can reliably estimate the needed
chemical properties, reliably and efficiently. For this reason, ProCAPE, a toolbox for property
estimation as well as data search has been developed to provide an integrated platform to
support various process-product related computer-aided applications. ProCAPE contains nine
toolboxes with specific functions: Model Generation for new models, Property Model tuning,
Molecular structure analysis, Database Manager for search and retrieve, Property Estimation
for Pure compounds, Property Estimation for mixtures (Organic chemical systems, Electrolyte
systems, Reactive systems and Solid-solvent analysis) covering VLE, LLE, SLE phase behaviour.
In addition, an online tool called Properties on Demand, offering database search for
135
properties of organic chemicals and prediction of pure component properties is available (free
of charge through the internet). The models include regressed correlations, cubic and non-
cubic equations of state, excess Gibbs energy-based models, group-contribution (GC) based
property models, sigma-profile based phase equilibrium calculation options and many more.
Also, special GC-based property models for lipids, ionic liquid and amino-acids are also
available along with a large collection of data. The molecular structure analysis tool gives the
groups and connectivity indexes that represent the structure of any user-specified molecule.
The model generation tool helps to test, implement and data to the model library any new
property model of interest.
The presentation will highlight the software structure, the main features of ProCAPE and use
of these features in many product-process related applications. The software is free for use
through a remote-connection.
Keywords: ProCAPE, properties estimation, properties on demand, phase equilibrium computations,
chemicals, electrolytes, amino acids, lipids
136
Abstract no. 44
COMPUTER AIDED TOOL FOR CHEMICAL PRODUCT DESIGN: NEW
FEATURES AND APPLICATIONS
O. Padungwatanaroj1, A. Robin1, N. Kuprasertwong1*, A. Tula2, L. Zhang3, R. Gani4,
1PSE for SPEED Company Limited, Thailand
2College of Control Science and Engineering, Industrial Process Control Bldg., Yuquan Campus,
Zhejiang University, China, China
3Institute of Process Systems Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of
Technology, China, China
4PSE for SPEED Company Limited, Denmark
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The demand for better and more versatile chemical products is continuously growing, thereby
giving the industrial sector as well as academia the opportunity to design and develop new
product taking into account aspects of sustainability. Consequently, product design has
become an important task in product development and/or improvement. ProCAPD, (Kalakul
et al. 2017) Computer Aided Tool for Chemical Product Design, has been developed to guide
the product developer through the various design calculation steps in the same way as a
chemical process simulator helps the process engineer in the design of chemical processes. In
principle, it helps the product design engineer to quickly search for chemical substances as
feasible substitutes; to identify candidate products based on a set of desired properties
and/or functions; to evaluate and/or verify existing products; to optimize product
formulations and/or selection and many more.
ProCAPD has a suite of databases containing a very large collection of data of various types;
different design strategies (database search, generate and test strategy and mathematical
programming based optimization); design templates (single species, blends, formulations,
functional products as well as devices); modelling and simulation (properties of chemical
systems, simulation of product functions, process applications, modelling toolbox); numerical
tools (in-house solvers and links to external solvers). The presentation will highlight new
features of ProCAPD that have been added, for example, extended databases (refrigerants,
lipids, ionic liquids, active ingredients, and adsorption materials, etc., in addition to chemicals,
aroma compounds, solvents, etc.); new solution strategies such as OptCAMD (Zhang et al.
2018) for optimal design of single species and formulated products; and increased design
templates for a wider range of chemical products. Also, the presentation will highlight the
137
application of ProCAPD to a number of product design case studies, such as, chemical
substitution through database search; optimal solvent and blended fuel design; product
evaluation through simulation of product performance; and use of template based chemical
product design.
Keywords: chemical product design, product-process simulator, database, blends, formulations,
functional products, chemical properties
138
Abstract no. 45
EFFECT OF SINGLE AND MIXED INOCULUM ON BIOGAS YIELD
DURING DRY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF ORGANIC MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE
A. Yousuf*, M. Hossain, M. Rahman, T. Karim, M. Onik,
1Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Organic municipal solid waste (OMSW) - a potential energy source - is creating serious
environmental hazards across Bangladesh, but it can be digested for biogas production to
meet the ever-increasing energy demand of the country. The present study applied dry
anaerobic digestion (DAD) process for biogas production from OMSW with inoculum cow
manure (CM) and anaerobic sludge (AS) in single and mixed modes. The performance of DAD
process was evaluated in batch digesters with a multilayer inoculum flow pattern maintained
at the constant mesophilic condition of 37 °C. Firstly, CM and AS were studied individually and
later on both of them were used together in different ratios (AS:CM = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1)
to maximize the biogas yield from DAD process. CM alone produced total 3460 ml biogas over
35 days of DAD while this yield was increased to 3835 ml for mixed inoculum at the ratio of
1:3. These results imply that mixed mode inoculums would be a promising option in the DAD
process for biogas production which will reduce both the energy scarcity and the burden of
municipal solid waste (MSW) management.
Keywords: municipal solid waste (MSW), dry anaerobic digestion (DAD), biogas, mixed inoculum,
mesophilic condition
139
Abstract no. 46
ENERGY RECOVERY FROM ALCOHOL DISTILLERY SPENT WASH OF
CAREW AND CO.
M. Raby, M. Shuvo, M. Hossain, A. Yousuf *
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Distillery industry is one of the most important cause of environmental problems faced in
management of wastewater. This is highly concentrated wastewater, which is characterized
by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) values up to 80–100 kg O2/m3 and low pH values up
to 4.38, high biological oxygen demand (BOD), phosphorus, ammonia, metal ions like copper
and iron, as well as complex organic materials such as lignin, yeast cells, protein. One of the
methods of distillery spent wash utilization is anaerobic fermentation with the production of
biogas which is an alternative source of energy beyond fossil fuel as the storage of fossil fuel
is limited. For this study we chose batch anaerobic fermentation process. Our study mainly
focuses on analysis of the production rate of biogas as well as methane with respect to spent
wash feed and energy recovery from spent wash.
Keywords: anaerobic fermentation, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, complex
organic material
140
Abstract no. 50
PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER FROM COTTON
WASTE: EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE FOR BASIC TEXTILE DYE
METHYLENE BLUE ADSORPTION
Moontaha Farin, Sumaiya Jasmine, Easir A. Khan*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bangladesh being the second largest RMG producing country in the world, is also producing
significant amount of textile cotton waste and effluent from textile industries which contains
a huge amount of dyes. In this paper this two concerning factor are considered by making
activated carbon fiber from textile cotton waste for the adsorption of textile dye methylene
blue. At first, physical and chemical activation were done for the pre-treatment of the
precursor cotton waste. Then the activated carbon fiber was prepared by varying activation
temperature and time. After the preparation of activated carbon fiber, surface morphology
and surface group characteristic were analyzed by N2 adsorption, Fourier transformed
infrared analysis (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Then the adsorption
performance was evaluated for methylene blue adsorption.adsorption.
Keywords: activated carbon fiber, textile cotton waste, basic dye adsorption
141
Abstract no. 54
BIOCHAR PRODUCTION FROM WASTE BIOMASS USING MODULAR
PYROLYZER FOR SOIL AMENDMENT
K.M. Nazmus Sakib, S.M. Nafiz Ahmed, Abdullahil Mubdee, Kawnish Kirtania*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Nowadays, researchers have found many applications of biochar due to its large surface area,
ion and water holding capacity, sheltering possibility for microbes beneficial for the plants’
nutrition intake, carbon sequestration etc. Among several waste biomass feedstock,
agricultural waste is a suitable source of biomass for the biochar production. So, in this
project, a low cost, modular technology was proposed that can be used at the consumer end
to produce biochar of satisfactory quality. In this technology, no separate inert gas feed was
required, thereby lowering the cost and complexity of the system. The reactor was designed
in a way that most of the oxygen got consumed at the beginning of the process and the
residual nitrogen from air maintained a pseudo-inert environment. As potential feedstock for
biochar, rice husk and wood chips were considered in this study. Also, to evaluate the quality
of produced biochar, proximate analysis and calorific value were measured. The char yields
were found to be between 20 to 40%. For rice husk (powdered and granular) and wood chips,
the volatile content (%) were 15.88, 19.69 and 25.47 respectively meaning most of the
volatiles were released during devolatilization. It was found that biochar can be produced
from agricultural waste using this method by farmers in the field without any additional
equipment, and the pyrolyzer is modular and portable. Finally, the biochar could be used for
soil replenishment. Further work is ongoing on the char characterization to realize the full
potential of biochar production from waste biomass.
Keywords: biomass, pyrolysis, soil amendment, biochar, agricultural waste, modular pyrolyzer
142
Abstract no. 55
DATA-DRIVEN CONNECTIONIST MODEL FOR RESERVOIR QUALITY
INDEX PREDICTION
Mohammad Islam Miah1*, Salim Ahmed2
1Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology
2Memorial University of Newfoundland
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Rock quality index (RQI) is the key indicator to identify the reservoir pay zone, reservoir
description and understand the environment of reservoir fluid flow as well as in the decisions
regarding hydrocarbon production geophysical exploration development in sedimentary
rocks. The research objectives are to obtain RQI using smart artificial intelligence (AI)
technique and investigate the most contributing rock variables in the connectionist model for
clastic reservoir rock. The hybridized least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) with
global optimization technique of coupled simulated annealing (CSA) is applied to develop the
connectionist model for RQI prediction using real field reservoir rock properties. In the study,
the predictor variables are rock porosity, permeability, median pore radius, grain and bulk
density. Additionally, the predictive model performances are assessed using statistical
parameters to ensure model accuracy and reliability. The predictor variables are ranked based
on the relative contribution itself and also a new model proposed to obtain RQI for reservoir
characterization using most influencing parameters. The new model is compared with existing
field core data for clastic sedimentary rocks using. The developed new RQI model will assist
in obtaining the reservoir permeability for hydrocarbon reservoir analysis which more
accessible and cost-effective technique.
Keywords: reservoir analysis, artificial intelligence, smart model, cost-effective
143
Abstract no. 57
A PARAMETRIC STUDY ON CO-FEEDING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID
WASTE AND COAL IN AN IGCC POWER PLANT WITH PRE-
COMBUSTION CARBON CAPTURE
Md. Shahriar Hossain, Suprio Kamal, Mahbub Chowdhury, Md. Tariful Islam, Kawnish Kirtania*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka -
1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the top contributors in greenhouse gas (i.e., methane)
emissions - particularly from landfill disposals. However, it could be a remarkable source of
renewable energy. In Bangladesh, generation of municipal solid waste is at least 2.7 million
tonne per year in the major cities, implying a heavy environmental burden. on the other hand,
there are several coal-based power plants are in the pipeline to meet the increasing energy
demand in Bangladesh with the potential of significant CO2 emission. To find a remedy to the
above situation, a power plant using Integrated Gasification and Combustion Cycle (IGCC)
technology with precombustion carbon capture is considered in this study. IGCC has the
advantage of producing high quality syngas from a wide variety of feed, and assists in the
capture of CO2 at a lower cost while providing high electric efficiency. The power plant was
simulated by commercial simulation packages (Aspen PLUS™ and Aspen HYSYS™) using MSW
and bituminous coal (Indonesian) as a combined feed. with a feed rate of 1800 tonne per day,
Syngas produced from an entrained flow type gasifier was then treated for CO2 removal using
mono-ethanol amine (MEA) solvent after necessary shift in a high temperature shift reactor.
About 91% efficiency was achieved in the shift reactor while the CO2 capture efficiency was
varied for this study from 30% to 85%. Further parametric variation was studied by varying
the moisture content of MSW and MSW to coal feed ratio. Through combustion of the H2 rich
syngas in a gas turbine and subsequent steam cycle with reheat resulted in 125 MW of
electricity at an efficiency of 28.95% while capturing 50% of the CO2 generated in the process
for an MSW to Coal feed ratio of 1:1. with variation in moisture content especially during
monsoon season, the plant efficiency could be affected remarkably. on the other hand, it was
observed that the energy requirement varied from 6 to 8 MW for every 10% increase in CO2
capture quantity. Overall, by capturing 50% of the generated CO2, it is possible to reduce the
emission of a same size ultra-supercritical coal-based power plant from about 700 kg
CO2/MWh to about 360 kg of net CO2/MWh incorporating co-feeding and pre-combustion
capture in an IGCC power plant.
Keywords: MSW, gasification, waste to energy, IGCC, CO2 capture, clean energy
144
Abstract no. 58
A CRITICAL COMPARISON ON THE AIR QUALITY DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN A CONGESTED CITY AND A GREEN CITY AND THE
REASONS BEHIND THIS AND HOW TO RESOLVE THE PROBLEM: A
CASE STUDY ON DHAKA & RAJSHAHI
Md. Shakhawat Hossain, Mahfuzur Rahman Sakib, Tanzim Ahmed*
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
What is the scarring issue related to the environment in an overpopulated country like
Bangladesh? This paper has come to light on this. Rajshahi, the north-west region of the
country has perceived worldwide recognition for achieving the largest retrenchment in levels
of noxious PM10 between 2014 to 2019. According to BNAAQS(Bangladesh National Ambient
Air Quality Standard) PM(10) and PM(2.5) is predominantly responsible for air pollution and
in dry season these reaches far above from the standard level in Dhaka's atmosphere. In this
paper our main concern is to reveal the fluctuating tendency of PM(2.5),PM(10) in Dhaka city
as well as in Rajshahi City Corporation. Apart from, this paper analyzes other dominating air
pollutant particles like SOx, NOx, COx in both cities which we have monitored from three
monitoring stations in Dhaka and one in Rajshahi. The primary reasons for this are air
pollutants related to unfit motor vehicles, burning of brick kilns, unplanned urbanization,
emission of industrial garbage and so on. 58% of the particulate pollutants arise from brick
kilns around and inside Dhaka, for some ongoing mega projects in Dhaka 20% originates from
road dust, 10% from motor-vehicles, 7% from burning of biomass and about 5% from
diversified sources. Finally, this study emphasizes CNG-powered vehicles, proper emission
control and effective neighbourhood planning to mitigate this drastic situation and to form a
chemically sound city.
Keywords: PM10, PM2.5, BNAAQS, emission control.
145
Abstract no. 63
A PROCESS FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING ELECTRO
COLAGULATION REACTOR (ECR)
Nahid Jahan, Farhana Ahmed*, Nahid Sharmin, Md. Badrul Abedin
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Wastewater from textile dyeing and finishing processes is a major source of water pollution.
Electro Coagulation process for textile wastewater treatment is very much competitive in
terms of process performance and economic consideration. The use of Electro Coagulation
Reactor (ECR) for the treatment of waste water is very simple, economic and efficient. Under
a sanctioned R&D project of Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, BCSIR a
project titled “Design and development of electrochemical reactor to facilitate flocculation in
textile ETP’s” was conducted in the Pilot Plant and Process Development Center, PP&PDC,
BCSIR. The project concerned study on treatment of textile waste water. Textile wastewater
is often categorized as “high strength wastewater” as it has a high degree of turbidity resulting
from a combination of strong color and highly suspended solid content. In addition to these
unfavorable characteristics, considerable amount of wastewater is generated from the textile
industries. Electro-Coagulation involves dissolution of metal from the anode with
simultaneous formation of hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions at the cathode. In case of textile
wastewater, removal of color and turbidity is induced by the rapid separation caused by the
electrogenerated flocs. Also, good removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dissolved
solids of textile wastewater at varying operating conditions has been observed in several
laboratory studies. Therefore, reactor design issues, process optimization, economic analysis
and comparison with other conventional treatment processes have been addressed for the
treatment of textile wastewater by electrocoagulation in this study.
Keywords: electro coagulation, electro coagulation reactor, textile waste water, water pollution,
flocculation
146
Abstract no. 66
LPG STORAGE SAFETY AND RISK ASSESSMENT
Ifat Sharmin, Easir A. Khan*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
In this study a risk analysis has been performed to determine possible accidental events in
the storage tank of liquefied petroleum gas. The objective is to identify potential hazards and
evaluate risk of LPG tank using Bow Tie method, HAZOP and a quantitative approach. HAZOP
carries out a structured analysis of the process and allows identifying the deviations that may
take place with regard to the intended functioning, as well as their causes and consequences.
The Bow tie(BT) risk analysis approach represents a complete scenario starting from accident
causes and ending with its consequences. In order to have a quantitative analysis of risks,
using frequency of failure data from literature, frequency data is estimated for each scenario
which works on the basis of Bayesian theorem.
Keywords: hazard, risk analysis, HAZOP, bow-tie method, bayesian network
147
Abstract no. 67
STUDY OF FIRE GROWTH BEHAVIOR OF A RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT USING
FIRE DYNAMIC SIMULATOR
Fahim Shahriar Sakib, Riazuddin Ahmed, Easir A Khan*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Fire accident incidents are very frequent and a major issue in Bangladesh in recent times. In
this paper fire spread behavior in an apartment building is studied through a numerical
analysis using Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). It works with the spreading of fire containing
heat release rate, the rise of temperature, toxic gas dispersion and human evacuation. FDS
has an attached program for evacuation modeling named FDS+EVAC. An apartment model
with some combustibles was created to predict the fire growth characteristics. The fire was
generated using a burner function. Computational analysis results from those models were
discussed. Their relation with time helps to predict the fire growth properties. Evacuation
modeling was created to illustrate the effect of evacuation time and fractional effective dose
(FED) for different types of agents. FED is the summation of toxic gas consumption which is
important for safe evacuation. The finding shows that the ventilation effect releases the heat
and makes the apartment or building less vulnerable. The elderly and children get more
affected by toxic gas. Elderly people took more time for total evacuation than other groups
that related to FED percentage. The idea of critical door length is demonstrated for safe
evacuation during fire emergencies.
Keywords: fire safety, evacuation, fire spread, fed, toxic gas
148
Abstract no. 68
ENGINEERED NANOCELLULOSE FOAM FOR ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS
Laila Hossain, Joanne Tanner, Gil Garnier
BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Nanocellulose is a renewable and biocompatible nanomaterial with high surface area and low
density. Due to its surface properties and wide porous structure, nanocellulose based foam
can absorb a large amount of water and act as a superabsorbent. The most commonly used
commercially available superabsorbent is sodium polyacrylate, which is not biodegradable.
Poor biocompatibility and the potential of environmental hazard posed by this petrochemical-
based superabsorbent has led researchers to look for renewable options to make
biodegradable, renewable cellulose-based alternatives.
In this study, a nanocellulose based superabsorbent has been developed for use in food
packaging, biomedical and personal hygiene products. Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft (BEK) pulp
was oxidised and homogenised at high pressure to produce a nanocellulose hydrogel. This gel
was lyophilised to prepare the nanocellulose superabsorbent foam. To increase the
mechanical strength, a series of physically and chemically crosslinked model nanocellulose
foams were prepared and their mechanical and adsorption properties characterised. The
hydrogel rheological properties were compared with the dried foam mechanical strength
which is correlated with the dried foam absorption capacity. It has been found that although
foams using hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) as a chemical crosslinker and polyethyleneimine
(PEI) as a physical crosslinker showed increased gel strength, the corresponding dried foams
mechanical strengths were not improved. However, blending TEMPO oxidised cellulose with
cellulose nano-crystals (CNC) improved the dried foam mechanical strength compared to pure
nanocellulose foam. Absorption capacity of nanocellulose foam depending on their surface
charge, crosslinking types were analysed. Biodegradability of this material were tested under
accelerated biodegradation condition. This presentation will analyse these novel cellulose
based superabsorbents and how their absorption capacity and mechanical strength can be
tailored by controlling addition of crosslinker and CNC to govern their structure-property
relationships.
Keywords: nanocellulose, superabsorbent, foam
149
Abstract no. 69
SURROGATE MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF A NONLINEAR
BATCH REACTOR BY POLYNOMIAL CHAOS EXPANSION
Nishat Tasnim, Mysha Momtaz, Nahid Sanzida*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The paper presents a computationally efficient approach to develop a nonlinear data driven
input/output model between the finite-time control trajectories and the quality index at the
end of the batch. Polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) was applied to produce the approximate
representation of the full process model of a nonlinear batch reactor with the reaction
scheme A --> B--> C . A surrogate model was developed to estimate the dependence of
intermediate product (B) concentration at the end of the batch on the temperature trajectory
applied during the reaction. The surrogate model was then validated for its performance.
Later, the surrogate model was used to determine the optimal temperature profile needed
to maximize the concentration of intermediate product at the end of the batch. The validation
and optimization results prove that the experimental data based PCE can provide a very good
approximation of the desired outputs, providing a generally applicable approach for rapid
design, control and optimization of batch reactor systems.
Keywords: batch reactor, surrogate model, polynomial chaos expansion, optimization
150
Abstract no. 70
A HIGHLY SENSITIVE POLY-ARGININE BASED MIP SENSOR FOR
SELECTIVE DETECTION OF IMPORTANT DRUGS
Md. Zaved Khan, Md. Morshed Alam, Md. Sadek Bacchu, Md. Romjan Ali*
Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
In this experiment, highly effective electrochemical sensor based on a molecularly imprinted
polymer (MIP) has been developed for ultrasensitive detection of drugs. The sensor was made
by incorporating of drug as a template molecule during the electropolymerization of poly-
arginine (P-Arg) on a glassy carbon electrode. The modified electrode (GCE/P-Arg@MIP) was
characterized by voltammetric and microscopic techniques. Differential pulse voltammetry
(DPV) method was used to detect target analyte under the optimum condition. The DPV
response of GCE to drugs was linear at 0.1× 10−9 to 10× 10−6 mol L-1 (R2 = 0.996), with a
detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.1× 10−9 mol L-1. Moreover, the proposed sensor shows
satisfactory recovery ranges for the determination of drugs in commercially available
samples.
Keywords: poly-arginine, molecularly imprinted polymer, drug, glassy carbon electrode, biosensor
151
Abstract no. 71
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OPPORTUNITIES OF COMPRESSED
AIR SYSTEM: ROADMAP AND SIMULATION
Mahmudul Hasan, Anindya Karmaker, Ahaduzzaman Nahid*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The compressed air system has become an integral part of various process industries. It
consumes a significant part of the energy used in the whole plant. Taking a closer look at the
compressed air system provides scopes for increasing energy savings, decreasing downtimes,
lowering operating costs and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. So, it is important to
improve and maintain peak compressed air system performance. In this research work,
different methods available in the literature for improving compressed air systems have been
analyzed. Moreover, a brief overview of the various techniques to be employed effectively in
the industries has been introduced. A comprehensive roadmap has also been presented for
the performance improvement opportunities of the compressed air system. These include
identifying inappropriate uses, quantification of leakages, improving control techniques and
maintenance routines. Besides, a state-based modeling technique is used to develop a
simulation model that includes both fixed and variable speed drive compressors.
Furthermore, an industrial case study is used to demonstrate the dynamics of energy
consumption of the system and to prove the validity of the proposed model.
Keywords: compressed air system, energy efficiency, performance opportunity roadmap, simulation
and modelling
152
Abstract no. 73
IN VIVO STUDY OF ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF METHANOLIC
NATURAL EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC MICE
Mahbub Chowdhury, Md. Tariful Islam, S.M. Riajul Wahab,
A.K.M. Zakir Hossain, Shoeb Ahmed*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increased level of glucose in the
blood due to inefficient or inadequate insulin secretory response. Currently, available
hypoglycemic drugs manage blood glucose by providing insulin, improving insulin sensitivity,
increasing insulin secretion, but many of them possess adverse effects. on the other hand,
natural products are a rich source of biologically active compounds and therefore have
tremendous potential as nutraceuticals resource. Many of today's medicine is based on
specific active component extracted from natural resources such as medicinal plants. This
study is designed to explore and assess the efficacy of medicinal plants against diabetes,
which might not have side effects unlike existing hypoglycemic agents. Here, the
hypoglycemic effects of the methanolic extract of Adhatoda zeylanica, Centella asiatica,
Allamanda cathartica has been evaluated against alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Alloxan
causes selective destruction of beta cells, which are involved in the production of insulin. The
deficiency of insulin after alloxan treatment leads to an elevated blood glucose in the mice.
All the mice were divided into eight groups, each containing four. After the oral administration
of 250 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW of the methanolic extract, blood samples were collected for
4 hours with 1-hour interval, and the blood glucose level was estimated. One negative control
group and one positive control group was also studied for comparison. This study suggested
that the extract of Adhatoda zeylanica and Centella asiatica produced a significant
hypoglycemic effect comparable with that of normal control and metformin, which was used
as the standard drug. The antidiabetic activity may attribute to the bioactive compounds
available in the extract. Detail phytochemical screening, in-depth mechanism studies, long
term side effects, toxicity, clinical trials can lead to effective and safe antidiabetic agents.
Keywords: antidiabetic, natural extract, insulin, nutraceuticals
153
Abstract no. 74
ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION LOADS FROM MAJOR PROCESS
INDUSTRIES IN BANGLADESH USING INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION
PROJECTION SYSTEM
Mahmudul Hasan, Anindya Karmaker, Shoeb Ahmed*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Though rapid economic growth and industrial development reduced poverty to a great extent
in Bangladesh, it is also associated with increased pollution in air, water and land. Process
industries have the widest spectrum of pollutants; however, sufficient mitigation measures
often cannot be taken because of lack of pollution data. Industrial Pollution Projection System
(IPPS), a unique approach to pollution assessment has been used in different countries where
primary pollution data are not readily available. Industrial pollution is directly related to the
scale of industrial activity, its sectoral composition, and the process technologies. IPPS utilizes
a combination of data on industrial activity (e.g. production or employment) and pollution
emissions to obtain specific pollution intensities for any of three economic variables – total
output, value-added and employment. Although most developing countries have little or no
industrial pollution data available, many of them have relatively detailed information on
employment, value-added or output. Like other countries, industrial emissions in Bangladesh
have given rise to a severe threat to human health, economic activity and ecosystem. Due to
growing industrial activity pollution reduction in Bangladesh is very challenging, however,
significant improvements can be achieved by targeting industries that are responsible for
major pollutants. This study identifies twenty major polluting industries in Bangladesh and
assessed different pollution loads from these industries. In several earlier studies IPPS data,
which was developed for USA had been used directly without required normalization. Here,
a specific correction factor is developed for Bangladesh considering major polluting industries
of the country and accordingly utilized to calculate the pollution scenario in Bangladesh. In
this study, a substantial database is prepared for non-toxic and toxic pollution load
contributed by different process industries for air and water, separately, considering
employee number and value of output. In addition, major metallic pollutant producing
industries and their pollution loads have also been identified in this study. Therefore, a
detailed pollution load matrix is available in terms of air, water and land pollution that can be
used to predict short-term and a long-term scenario of the industrial pollution in Bangladesh.
Keywords: ipps, pollution intensity, water pollution, air pollution, industrial pollution
154
Abstract no. 75
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT ANODE MATERIALS OF A
DOUBLE CHAMBERED MICROBIAL FUEL CELL
Abdullah Al Moinee, Nahid Sanzida*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical systems (BES) that can oxidize and convert
biodegradable wastes directly into electricity via microbial metabolism. Since the oxidation
half-cell of an MFC consists of the biodegradable electrolyte and anode, the selection of right
anode materials is essential to optimize the performance of MFCs. Anode acts as the
governing support for the growth of biofilm to transfer the electrons. In general, anode
materials must have reasonable surface area for bacterial growth, good conduction, excellent
biocompatibility, chemical stability, high mechanical strength, and low cost. In this work,
graphite bar, aluminium foil, and carbon cloth were tested as anode. The comparative
performances of them were analyzed in a double chambered MFC containing industrial
wastewater with respect to the power density and waste removal efficiency of MFCs. The
carbon cloth anode provided better output than graphite bar and aluminium foil. The 10 days
of batch operation for carbon cloth anode resulted in a maximum of 672.34 mWm-3 power
density and 52.20% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Keywords: microbial fuel cell, oxidation, anode, power density, cod
155
Abstract no. 76
MODELING AND OPTIMIZING PARAMETERS OF CONDENSERS IN
SPLIT TYPE ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS
Rahatul Hasan, Md. Khairul Bahar, Md Noor A Alam, Md Yasin Ali,
M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Split type room air conditioners (RACs) are very common nowadays. In Bangladesh, RAC
manufacturers employ trial-error prototyping techniques in their design to increase the
efficiency of RACs and profitability of the plant. Computer modeling can be a great help to
reduce the cost in R&D stage to find optimum design of RACs. In this study, modeling of heat
transfer in the condenser of split type RACs employing the techniques of Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD) was performed. The simulation of the entire condenser requires a huge
amount of computational resource, which is not available to us. Therefore, to reduce
computational load small sections of various geometries was taken into consideration and
their comparison was performed. Each geometrical section was modeled employing CFD
techniques in COMSOL multi-physics environment. To compare the overall performance the
advantage of geometric symmetries of the condensers was taken into account. The entire
condenser can be divided into several sections based on its geometric symmetry. For the
simulation the geometry and other relevant data were set in such a way so that they
commensurate closely with real industrial data. An example data set for validation of
simulation results was obtained from an AC manufacturer company, Elite Hitech Industries
Ltd., located in Cumilla, Bangladesh. The geometry was built using meshing techniques.
Copper and aluminum were selected as materials for tubes and fins, respectively. R-22 was
chosen as refrigerant. Heat transfer and fluid flow were modeled using non-isothermal flow
in multi-physics environment. The main assumptions employed are laminar flow, extra coarse
mesh size, constant air inlet temperature, ideal thermal contact among refrigerant, tubes and
fins, perfect insulation between system and surroundings, and thin layer fins. The
temperature distribution and heat transfer efficiency in the condenser, the impact of different
refrigerant flow arrangements in the tubes have been studied in details. This study leads to
the finding of the optimum length of the refrigerant tubes and efficient refrigerant flow
arrangements from the viewpoint of maximum heat transfer.
Keywords: room air conditioners, condensers, refrigerants, heat transfer, fluid, flow arrangement
156
Abstract no. 77
PELLETIZED COMPOST FOR EASE OF TRANSPORTATION AND
EFFECTIVE NUTRIENT RELEASE
Tulie Chakma, Zarin Shaima Nidhi, Md. Mominur Rahman*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bulk volume of fluffy compost is always associated with high transportation cost, handling
complexity and faster nutrient release upon application on land. Therefore, the present study
involves optimization of pelletizing process, characterization of fluffy compost and its
pelletization, observation of nutrient release behaviour and mechanical properties of the
compost pellets for better transportability. Faecal sludge (FS) based fluffy compost was
sourced locally and characterized in terms of physicochemical parameters such as pH,
electrical conductivity (EC), total volatile solids (TVS), total organic carbon (TOC), total Kjeldahl
nitrogen (TKN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), carbon to nitrogen
ratio (C/N), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and calcium (Ca) to
evaluate compost maturity and potentiality as fertilizer or soil amendment in agricultural use.
The fluffy compost was pelletized in a die-roller pelletizer without and with starch binder in
different proportions and dried under ambient air to study the properties (i.e., disintegration,
stability, equilibrium moisture content) and nutrients (NH4-N, NO3-N, P, K, Na and Ca) release
behaviour of the compost pellets in water. The physicochemical properties show that the
fluffy FS compost was compatible to be used as soil modifier or organic fertilizer as per
national and international organic fertilizer standards. Optimum pelletizing process shows
that the die-roller pelletizer is able to produce consistent compost pellet for a range of 20-40
wt% moisture in compost with pelletizer housing temperatures between 80 to 100oC and
various proportions of starch binder. A gap of between 0.1-0.3 mm between the die and the
roller was ascertained to be the optimum for quality pellet production. However, compost
pellets were produced at a moisture content of 25% with 0%, 2% and 4% starch binder under
the present study. Ideal pellet size was found to be 5 mm in diameter and 15 to 17 mm in
length, irrespective of binder proportion. The average bulk density of the air-dried compost
pellets was found to be 1.6 g cm-3, which was approximately four times higher than the
original compost material. Study shows that the disintegration time and the moisture content
of the air-dried compost pellets decrease whereas mechanical stability increases with the
increasing proportion of binding material. However, the change in stability due to additional
binder was insignificant. It was observed that nutrient concentration in leachate increased
with time but lower concentration was associated with lower proportion of binder. Compost
157
pellet without binder was found to be the rate limiting pellet with respect to nutrient release.
Pelletization with zero binder reduced the bulk volume of the fluffy compost approximately
by 75% and offered slower nutrient release that may contribute effective nutrient uptake by
the plants. The findings of this study suggest pelletized compost as a potential alternative to
fluffy compost for agricultural use in Bangladesh.
Keywords: pelletization, faecal sludge, fluffy compost, binder, nutrient, disintegration
158
Abstract no. 78
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF CD-TE ALLOYS FROM CHOLINE CHLORIDE
BASED ROOM TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUID
Md. Moynul Islam
Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology (BAUET), Qadirabad Cantonment,
Natore-6431, Bangladesh
Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Electrodeposition of cadmium-tellurium alloys have been carried out onto copper cathode
from a solution containing cadmium chloride monohydrate (CdCl2.H2O) and tellurium
tetrachloride anhydrous (TeCl4) in choline chloride (ChCl)-ethylene glycol (EG) based ionic
liquid by constant current and constant potential methods at room temperature in absence
and in presence of additive (40 ml L-1 acetonitrile). Tellurium content in the deposited alloy
increases with increasing TeCl4 concentration in the ionic liquid and with increasing cathodic
current densities. The influence of various experimental conditions on electrodeposition and
the morphology of the electrodeposited layers have been investigated by X-ray diffraction
(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive analysis by X-rays
(EDAX). on increasing the deposition current densities dense, bright, adherent and smooth
electrodeposited layers are obtained. The diffraction patterns and SEM images indicate the
electrodeposited cadmium-tellurium alloys show very different morphology which depends
primarily on the electrolytic composition and polarization potentials. Additives significantly
improve the quality of cadmium-tellurium deposits. The composition of the metal co-deposit
has been calculated from the slopes of the mass-charge (Q) plots of gravimetric acoustic
impedance analysis. The cathodic current efficiency for the deposition of Cd-Te alloys is about
98%.
Keywords: ionic liquid, electrodeposition, Cd-Te alloys, cyclic voltammetry, additive
159
Abstract no. 80
APPLICATION OF NOVEL GRAPHITE-STARCH ELECTRODES FOR
POWER GENERATION AND HEAVY METAL REMEDIATION IN SINGLE-
CHAMBER MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS
Nishat Tabassum, Al Ibtida Sultana, Shoeb Ahmed*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
In this study, novel graphite-starch electrodes were developed and used in single-chamber
microbial fuel cells (MFC), which utilized soil and textile sludge in turns as the fuel source. For
the soil MFCs, the effects of two different temperatures (30±5°C and 10±2°C), feed pH
conditions of 5.0 and 7.0, and projected anode surface areas (64 cm2 and 71 cm2) on power
generation were analysed. Higher power output was obtained at 30±5°C. Investigation of pH
changes revealed that while power output varied cyclically for pH 5, a steady increase in
power output occurred for pH 7. Peak power output however was higher in case of acidic pH.
Smaller anodes were found to perform better in generating power. Unlike soil MFCs
constructed from commercial carbon felt anodes, for the novel graphite-starch anodes, the
power output was comparatively stable. with textile sludge as the fuel source, in addition to
power generation, electrokinetic migration of the heavy metals, namely cadmium and zinc,
occurred from the anodic region of the MFC to the cathode. The concentrations of the two
metals (Cd and Zn) in the cathode zone increased from 3.15 and 465 mg kg-1 sludge to 25.5
and 785 mg kg-1 sludge respectively, indicating that significant electrokinetic migration had
occurred during the 14 days of operation. These results indicate the viability of the novel
electrodes in the operation of MFC for power generation as well as electrokinetic treatment
of textile sludge.
Keywords: microbial fuel cells (MFC), heavy metals, electrodes, textile sludge, soil, power,
electrokinetic migration
160
Abstract no. 81
SAFETY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL
FACILITIES IN BANGLADESH USING INDEXING APPROACH
Uddipta Mondal *, Nishat Salsabil *, Easir Khan*
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected],
This paper presents evaluation of safety performance of three hazardous facilities based on
current safety practice by measuring their safety weighted hazard indices (SWeHI) of
multifarious units of chemical process and what can be done to avoid any potential accidents
in context of Bangladesh. Assessing hazard potential over safety procuration is a key indicator
of how well a facility is prepared to reduce its vulnerability. The risks associated with
hazardous facilities are always greater in a country like Bangladesh as the safety issues are
not often been prioritized by its key stakeholders. In recent years, there were number of
deadly accidents occurred in the chemical industries and storage warehouses which resulted
multiple fatalities and significant property damage. The accident could be avoided using
proper safety protocols in those facilities. Here SWeHI of three facilities was assessed based
on survey data. These facilities deal with explosive and toxic chemicals. This index is on the
basis of fire & explosions properties and toxic release properties as well as the safety
precautions against it. It helps professionals to identify the overall hazard potential and
distinguish less protected units from other well operated units. The paper features on an
approximate yet workable assessment of risks at a low cost and based on the current safety
practices.
Keywords: safety index, hazard index, ranking, risk assessment, improvement
161
Abstract no. 83
EVALUATION OF CROPS RESIDUES AS PULPING RAW MATERIALS:
EGGPLANT, CASSAVA, OKRA AND MULBERRY PLANTS
Taslima Ferdous1*, M. Abdul Quaiyyum1*, Md Sarwar Jahan2*
1 University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
2 Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected],
In this paper four crops residues such as eggplant, cassava, okra and mulberry plants were
evaluated as papermaking raw materials. These crops residues had lower α-cellulose and
holocellulose and moderate lignin content with syringyl to guaiacyl ratio of 1.05-1.63. The
fiber length of eggplant, cassava, and mulberry plants was shorter (0.58-0.65 mm), while the
same for okra plant was medium (1.14 mm). The runkel ratios of these plant fibers were low
(0.208-0.678) and flexibility coefficient was low to medium (55-79). All these non-wood plants
were difficult to cook except eggplant plant. Eggplant plant produced screened pulp yield of
33.21 with kappa number of 22.9 at the conditions 3 h cooking at 170oC with 20 alkali charge.
Cassava plant showed the lowest screened pulp yield of 17.7% with kappa number 30.3 at the
conditions 2 h cooking at 170oC with 20 alkali charge. The okra plant pulp showed the best
papermaking properties among these crops residues. Eggplant and okra plants can be used
for brown packaging grade pulp.
Keywords: crops residues, chemical characteristics, morphological characteristics, pulping,
papermaking properties
162
Abstract no. 84
FABRICATION OF B/SN-DOPED ZNO NANOPARTICLES FOR THE
PHOTOCATALYTIC REMEDIATION OF TOXIC TEXTILE DYE UNDER
SOLAR IRRADIATION
Abrar Zadeed Ahmed1 *, Shah Md. Masum1, Mohammed Monjur Ul Islam2, Rafiqul Islam1, Md.
Ashraful Islam Molla1
1University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
2Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Undoped and B/Sn-doped ZnO nanoparticles are produced by a simple and low-cost
mechanochemical technique. The effects of B and Sn dopants on structural and physical
properties of the synthesized nanoparticles are investigated. The characterizations of all
nanoparticles are examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and
Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area. The XRD measurements show that all
nanoparticles have hexagonal wurtzite structure. The average crystallite sizes of the samples
are found to be 27.87 nm for undoped ZnO and 23.22 nm for B/Sn-doped ZnO. SEM images
show various morphological changes of ZnO obtained by the above method. It is clear from
EDX analysis that B, Sn, Zn and O elements are present in the nanoparticles. The XPS survey
spectrum of B/Sn-doped ZnO exhibits the presence of B-1s, Sn-3d, Zn-2p, and O-1s peaks. All
of nanoparticles indicate typical type IV isotherm according to the IUPAC classification. The
photocatalytic performances of undoped and B/Sn-doped ZnO nanoparticles are investigated
for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution in direct solar irradiation. The
degradation value of RhB with B/Sn-doped ZnO is measured to be 70.2%, after 1h of solar
irradiation.
Keywords: B/Sn-doped ZnO, nanoparticles, rhodamine B, solar irradiation, mechanochemical
technique
163
Abstract no. 85
INVESTIGATION OF AMMONIA STORAGE TANK FAILURE AT DI-
AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE PLANT IN CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH
M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury*, Akma Quader
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
There are two Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) plants with capacity 800 tpd each known as
DAP-1 and DAP-2 at Rangadia, Bangladesh under BCIC (Bangladesh Chemical Industries
Corporation) built on the same site side by side by engaging EPC contractors on LSTK basis.
DAP-1 was built by COMPLANT from China and DAP-2 by Toyo Engineering Corporation (TEC)
from Japan. DAP-1 came on stream in August 2006 while DAP-2 in January 2007. Ammonia
Day Tank of DAP-1 plant failed catastrophically on the night of August 22, 2016. The sudden
failure of the above ground atmospheric cryogenic ammonia day tank having the nameplate
capacity of 500 ton was a wake-up call for all Bangladeshi plants operating cryogenic ammonia
storage tanks whether atmospheric or pressurized. This was a single wall carbon steel tank
with a suspended deck (roof); and the vertical wall was welded to the bottom base plate. The
failure led to complete severance of the vertical shell from the bottom base plate along the
tank shell and base plate welding. The tank shell with the suspended deck (roof) was found
lying about 39 meters away from the tank base bottom plate due to rocketing of the shell
upward by breaking away from the connected piping and flying over the 5-meter high
adjacent pipe rack. Approximately 340 t of ammonia contained in the tank was released into
the dyke surrounding the tank. There was no fatality. About 50 people received medical
attention for reported breathing difficulty and irritation in the nose and throat though people
inside and outside the plant were exposed to ammonia in the air. The tank with all its pipings,
valves and instruments was damaged beyond repair and the plant shall have to erect a new
tank system. Investigations into the failure of the tank attempted to determine the causes
and fix the responsibilities. Not every question related to the failure has been answered. The
authors of this paper were members of the investigation committee. This paper presents an
in-depth investigation of this accident and attempts to identify different lapses and issues
that directly and indirectly contributed to the accident. Lessons learned from the investigation
will also be shared.
Keywords: ammonia storage tank, failure, cryogenic
164
Abstract no. 86
IMPACT OF TRANS-BOUNDARY POLLUTION (PM-2.5) ON THE AIR
QUALITY OF DHAKA CITY IN BANGLADESH
Musfekur Rahman Dihan, S. M. Abu Nayeem, M.A.A. Shoukat Choudhury*
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Clean air is a basic need of human being for its existence. In recent years, air pollution in city
areas, especially for Dhaka and Chittagong, has become a significant threat to health and well
being. Dhaka is found to suffer a high level of pollution during the dry season, which is from
November to April, especially based on Particulate Matter, PM2.5, concentration. From
December to February this situation is found to be the worst crossing the WHO guidelines
and National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Bangladesh is surrounded by countries with the
fastest-growing economy like India and China who use coal-burning technologies for different
purposes such as producing power and running mills. They release the lion’s share of the air
pollutants in South Asia and these pollutants easily get transported to neighboring countries.
This is known as trans-boundary pollution. This study investigates the contribution
transboundary transportation of PM-2.5 in the air quality of Dhaka city. Ninety-Six hours air
mass back trajectories were computed using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated
Trajectory (HYSPLIT-4) model and those trajectories were grouped into 6 clusters. Probability
calculation showed that the station had a higher probability of getting pollutants from long-
range sources when air masses travelled through North, west and North-West direction
covering the North Eastern and North-Western territories of India, Nepal and its neighboring
areas. Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis also supported that those areas
could be potential sources of getting unwanted PM-2.5 on our atmosphere.
Keywords: trans-boundary pollution, PM-2.5, back trajectory analysis, cwt analysis, bangladesh
165
Abstract no. 88
APPLICATION OF DISPERSION MODELLING TO ASSESS THE
POLLUTION IMPACT FROM DIFFERENT FOSSIL FUEL-DRIVEN POWER
PLANTS
Sirazam Munira Aishee, Jannatul Ferdous, Shoeb Ahmed*
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Electricity consumption is often considered as a development indicator in modern world.
Power plants, the primary means of electricity generation are also increasing, especially in the
industrially growing countries like Bangladesh. However, power plants are also a source of
different air pollutants that can have negative impact on surrounding environment. Thermal
power plants release a wide range of gaseous and particulate pollutants in the atmosphere
directly. Regulatory agencies in the developed countries usually utilize dispersion models to
assess the pollution impact from any prospective power plants before approval. This kind of
analysis simulates all the possible scenarios and assess their corresponding pollution load
utilizing local meteorological information. In this study, a detailed investigation has been
performed using an air dispersion modelling system called AERMOD to assess the impact of
thermal power plants on ambient air quality in Bangladesh. Emphasis was placed on
demonstrating the effects of changing fuel types, stack height and type of land use on the
extent of air pollution. Heavy fuel oil (HFO) and coal were analysed to evaluate the impact of
fuel type. Hourly, 8-hourly, daily, monthly and annual average of Maximum Ground Level
Concentration (GLC) of different gaseous and particulate matter were estimated. It was found
that increasing the stack height decreases pollutant concentration in the neighbourhood
significantly. As a baseline study, 300 MW power plant with 45 m stack height was considered,
where, maximum annual GLC of SO2, NOx and PM predicted with AERMOD are 76.7, 73.0 and
3.7 µg/m3, where the maximum allowable ambient concentration for Bangladesh are 80, 100
and 15 (for PM2.5) or 50 (for PM10) µg/m3, respectively. For similar conditions, maximum
GLC of CO found through AERMOD for averaging period of 1-hr and 8-hr are 226.6 and 189.0
µg/m3, which are within the Bangladesh limit of 40 and 10 mg/m3, respectively. However,
maximum daily and annual GLC of SO2 were 382.1 and 76.7 µg/m3 which are just around the
maximum Bangladesh limit of 365 and 80 µg/m3, respectively. In addition, maximum area
with significant impact of such emission was also estimated by AERMOD. Concentration
isopleths were generated through AERMOD simulation to show the change of pollutant
concentration with varying location. This study investigates relative contribution of different
166
system variables and provide a knowledgebase for the air pollution impact analysis for similar
prospective establishment in Bangladesh.
Keywords: AERMOD, power plants, emissions, air pollution
167
Abstract no. 89
PHYTOREMEDIATION FOR CHROMIUM REMOVAL FROM TANNERY
WASTE CONTAMINATED AREA
Ashiqur Rahman*, Tanjina Tarannum, Razia Sultana, Syeda Sultana Razia*
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected]
The objective of present study is to explore the potential of phytoremediation for soil
treatment of a tannery waste contaminated area with a particular focus on trivalent
chromium removal. A study area of 40276.18 sq. meter located southwest to central
Hazaribagh thana, Dhaka, was selected for this purpose. The study includes assessment of
chromium contamination of soil in the study area followed by pot experiment with selected
plants for the respective contamination range. Soil and plant samples collected from eight
different locations were tested using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FLAAS) for the
presence of trivalent chromium. Soil contamination of trivalent chromium was found to be as
high as 33984 mg/kg dry soil. Furthermore, chromium concentration at every sampling point
exceeded the limit recommended by EU guideline. The chromium uptake by different plant
roots collected from the study area varied from 5.32 mg/kg to 2496.6 mg/kg dry plant. Among
eight plant samples, three species, namely, Spilanthes acmella, Triumfetta rhomboidea and
Cyperus sp. showed highest chromium uptake.
Two plant species namely, Brassica nipus (mustard), Helianthus annuus (sunflower) were
selected for pot experiment to compare their performance as a hyper-accumulator. Previous
experimental studies suggest mustard and sunflower as potential hyper-accumulator of
chromium. Additionally, both of them have growth potential in local environment. The pot
experiment with the selected species were conducted for a duration of forty days in winter
using soil samples mixed with chromium(III) sulfate having concentration from 100 - 20000
mg/kg dry soil. Plant growth rate and chromium uptake for each species were recorded. Both
Brassica nipus (mustard), Helianthus annuus (sunflower) exhibited reasonable growth and
significant chromium uptake.
Keywords: hyperaccumulators, chromium, hazaribagh tannery area, phytoremediation
168
Abstract no. 90
CHARACTERIZATION OF TEXTILE ETP SLUDGE (TES) AND
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF SLUDGE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Farah Haque, Shafkat Sharif, Rathin Chakraborty, Mohammed Abed Hossain, Mohidus Samad
Khan*
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The textile industry is a pioneer in the industrialization process in Bangladesh and is one of
the principal sources of growth in the rising economy of Bangladesh. At present, textile wet
processing units of Bangladesh is consuming approximately about 217 million m3 of water
per year and generating about 50 thousand metric tons of suspended solid per year as by
product. As per national and international legislations local textile factories must treat textile
effluents using appropriate techniques: physical, chemical, electro-chemical and biological.
Solid sludge is a result of effluent treatment plant (ETP) operation, which contains minerals,
heavy metals, dyes, organic and inorganic contents. Leaching of heavy metals from textile
sludge is a growing concern nowadays. Bangladesh is now battling with the problem of ETP
sludge disposal. The traditional disposal techniques include landfilling, agricultural uses and
incineration. Currently, there is no specific law for sludge disposal in Bangladesh. However,
there exist certain guidelines for sludge disposal techniques. Characteristics of TES vary
depending on textile production processes and recipes (knit, woven, denim dyeing etc) and
effluent treatment techniques (physico-chemical, electro-chemical, biological: aerobic,
anaerobic, anoxic etc). For example, for a knit dyeing factory the characteristics of TES
produced from electrocoagulation mechanism differs from that produced from biological
treatment mechanism. Depending on characteristics, there could be different options for TES
management.
This study presents a comparison of different physical and chemical parameters of different
kind of TES. The list of TES parameters includes moisture content, ash content, volatile organic
content, fixed carbon, carbonate content, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids,
specific gravity, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, phosphate, and calorific value. A case
study of managing TES using three options: anaerobic digestion, solidification and sub-based
materials for road construction, is also presented in this paper. The TES was collected from a
knit dyeing factory having electrochemical coagulation facilities to treat effluent. The results
of different management techniques have been critically analyzed. In the solidification
process, the concrete blocks were prepared with sand, cement and stone ratio of 1, 1 and 2.
169
The pretreated TES was adopted to replace the sand at a mass ratio ranging from 0% to 30%.
The performance of concrete blocks containing TES was assessed by measuring mechanical
properties (compressive strength), morphological properties (SEM) and leaching of heavy
metals. To develop sub-base materials for road construction TES was mixed with sand and
hydrophobic binding polymer solution and then coated with quick lime to create aggregates.
It was then analyzed using CBR (California Bearing Ratio) test, TCLP leachate and
hydrophobicity test. This study will help local textile factories, government agencies and
policy makers with real time data and analysis to understand the heterogeneous behavior of
textile ETP sludge, and to customize sludge management option depending on sludge
characteristics.
Keywords: textile ETP sludge (TES), anaerobic digestion, solidification, subbase materials, sustainable
170
Abstract no. 91
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF REUSING TEXTILE
EFFLUENT AS PROCESS WATER: A CASE STUDY OF DENIM WASHING
FACTORY
Mesbah Ahmad, Majed Alam Abir, Mohidus Samad Khan*
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Textile and apparel industries are the major role-players in the fast-growing economy of
Bangladesh. However, textile sector consumes large amount of water for various wet
processing operations, and hence, has high water footprint. At present the annual readymade
garment (RMG) export is about 33 billion USD per year, and it is projected that the annual
RMG export value will be about 50 billion USD per year by 2021. Bangladesh textile sector is
steadily growing to support the target of RMG export. However, the growth is associated with
increasing demand of process water. Currently 98% of the water used by local textile factories
is groundwater, which is causing depletion of ground water levels at a high rate. In addition,
local textile factories produce high volume of effluents which they discharge into rivers or
wetlands with limited or no treatment, therefore, contaminate groundwater and
waterbodies, reduce dissolved oxygen in water, and affect aquatic ecosystems. Reusing
textile effluent as process water can be a potential mean to reduce pollution impact, lower
water footprint and lessen dependency on groundwater. However, quality of textile effluent
treated using traditional techniques is often inferior to that of process water, surface water
or groundwater, and cannot be reused as process water. Therefore, advanced treatment of
textile effluent is required to improve the treated water quality.
Considering the gravity of groundwater crisis in future, Bangladesh Government and
international brands and retailers are advocating local textile factories to reuse textile
effluents and implement ZLD (zero liquid discharge) option in the upcoming years. However,
it is a new concept for Bangladesh textile sector, and there is limited understanding regarding
technical and economic issues associated to advanced treatment and reusing textile effluent.
In this paper, a case study is presented to demonstrate advanced treatment of conventional
ETP (effluent treatment plant) treated water of a denim washing factory, and to analyze
corresponding technical and economic issues. The selected denim washing factory runs a
conventional biological effluent treatment plant (ETP) of 100 m3/hr capacity which satisfies
the basic requirements of national and international standards. However, the quality of the
ETP treated water is not good enough to be reused as process water. For advanced treatment,
171
a mobile setup of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) unit was used at factory
premises to further treat ETP treated water. The advanced treatment was carried out for
three different permeate to reject ratio to observe changes in the permeate and reject water
quality. Water parameters such as TDS, TSS, Color, BOD, COD and pH were measured to assess
the change in water properties. The possibility to use permeate as process water was assessed
based on groundwater quality of the area and water quality required for wet processing.
Capital expenditure and operational costs were also assessed to see the economic feasibility
of the approach. This study will help local textile factories with real time data to understand
the technical and economic issues associated to reusing textile wastewater as process water,
to reduce dependency on groundwater, and eventually to reduce water footprint.
Keywords: textile effluent, denim washing factory, groundwater, advanced treatment, ultrafiltration,
reverse osmosis, reuse textile effluent
172
Abstract no. 95
COLOR DEVIATION OF COPPER UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
Samiul Kaiser*, Mohammad Salim Kaiser
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Copper is a versatile metal which is widely used as pure or alloy in ornamental and decorative
products where the change in color of copper plays a significant role. In this study, the color
of environmentally affected copper has been studied by subjecting to immersed in acidic,
alkaline and salt media. The strength of the solution of 0.5M has been used and conducted at
room temperature for 28 days. The color of different possess samples are studied through
tristimulus color parameters ‘L*’, ‘a*’ and ‘b*’ values which are analyzed and evaluated in
MATLAB software. The weight loss and electrical resistivity of copper under different
condition also measured to compare the character of surfaces. It is found that acidic, alkaline
and salt media affects the color of copper. The overall change of color occurs with increasing
time due to chemical changes like oxidization and intermetallic formation on copper surface.
It is concluded that the weight loss is greater in an acidic solution than alkaline solution
followed by salt media. It is due to disruption of the passive film formed on the surface. In
case of alkaline and salt media the passive films on the surface remain stable to a large extent.
Small decreases in resistivity takes place due to formation of a very thin film of oxide and
hydroxide bonded to its surface. A microstructural study confirms that polished surface shows
a few scratches and after corrosion for 1 day the evidence of some defects like pits is found
on the conversion layers. After 28 days the passive film formed and grows thicker on the
surface of copper samples which delaminate the scatter mark especially in case of alkaline
and salt media.
Keywords: copper, color, oxidation, resistivity, microstructure
173
Abstract no. 96
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM DRY REFORMING OF NATURAL
GAS: A THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC STUDY
M.G. Toufik Ahmed1, Sk. Yasir Arafat Siddiki1, Kawnish Kirtania2, Kazi Bayzid Kabir2 *
1Khulna University of Engineering and Technology
2Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Hydrogen has been a very important intermediate chemical feedstock for Bangladesh, in the
production of ammonia in fertilizer plants and more recently, in the production hydrogen
peroxide. Steam reforming, which is invariably used in Bangladesh, has dominated the
industrial production of hydrogen from fossil fuels, typically from natural gas, for more than
80 years. However, the process is energy intensive and results in significant carbon dioxide
emission. Alternatively, hydrogen can be produced from dry reforming of natural gas. This
process has the inherent benefit of recycling and mitigation of CO2. This current study involves
conceptual production of hydrogen from natural gas using dry reforming. Thermodynamic
equilibrium of dry reforming has been evaluated using ASPEN HYSYS™ to observe the
influence of the process parameters. Several kinetic models were applied on the dry
reforming reaction to understand its impact on overall conversion and process yield. From
the thermodynamic and kinetic studies, inference has been made on the overall maturity of
process for industrial-scale applications.
Keywords: hydrogen generation, dry reforming, thermodynamic equilibrium, kinetics, CO2 recycle
174
Abstract no. 97
STUDY OF AIR QUALITY IN BANGLADESH – A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
S.M. Tanveer Mahtab1, Ahaduzzaman Nahid1, Ashfaq Iftakher1, Mohammad A. Motalib2,
M. A. A. Shoukat Choudhury1*
1Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
2Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh (GOB)
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Rapid urbanization followed by industrial proliferation has made air pollution a heightened
concern nowadays. Bangladesh is not an exception. It is topping the list of polluted countries
over the last couple of years in terms of air quality. Bangladesh Government has taken several
projects to improve air quality in Bangladesh. For Example, Clean Air and Sustainable
Environment (CASE) Project was such a project with the help of financial aid from the World
Bank (WB). Under this project, eleven Continuous Air Monitoring Stations (CAMS) were set
up at different locations of the country. These stations measure various air pollutant
parameters such as SOx, NOx, PM2.5, PM10, CO, wind direction, wind velocity, temperature,
humidity on a continual basis and log the data on an hourly average basis. Air Pollution data
from 2012 to 2019 have been collected from the CASE project server and are being analyzed.
Air quality in Bangladesh, especially in Dhaka, in recent years (2018 and 2019) have seen
significant deterioration. This study aims to understand the underlying cause behind it by
analyzing historical data. The correlation among different weather parameters and criteria air
pollutants have been found and validated using the actual data. This study also attempts to
identify seasonal and annual variations of air quality along with their underlying causes. The
major contributors to worsening the air quality have been identified and subsequent policy
guidelines are provided.
Keywords: air quality, weather parameters, correlation, criteria air pollutants, historical data, policy
guidelines
175
Abstract no. 98
POLLUTION LOAD ASSESSMENT AND WATER FOOTPRINT CALCULATION OF LEATHER INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH
Sumaya Humayra1, Laila Hossain1, Selim Reza Hasan2, Mohidus Samad Khan1 *
1Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
2Solidaridad Network Asia
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bangladesh has high potential to become the next leather producing hub for the global
leather market. The sector has demonstrated dramatic growth in exports over the past years,
gaining USD 1.2 billion in export earnings in the fiscal year 2016-2017. Bangladesh leather
sector includes 200 tanneries, 3500 MSMEs, 2500 footwear making units and 90 large firms.
Bangladesh tanneries consume large amount of water and chemicals, and generate high
volume of effluents. Local tanneries are recently relocated to Tannery Estate in Savar;
however, water management and effluent discharge system has not been structured properly
in the new location. Untreated effluents from tanneries can contaminate groundwater and
waterbodies, reduce dissolved oxygen in water and affect aquatic ecosystems. Improving
conventional technology, adopting cleaner production (CP) options, and reusing and recycling
of treated water may reduce water consumption, effluent volume and water stresses, and
may help preserving aquatic ecosystems. In order to take effective measures for future
improvement it is important assess pollution impact, analyze chemical consumption and
calculate current water footprint of leather industries in Bangladesh.
This paper presents a systematic approach to calculate the pollution load and water footprint
assessment of leather industries in Bangladesh. Leather processing typically involves two
types of water consumption- blue water (groundwater) and grey water (water consumed to
treat resulting polluted water). The Bangladeshi leather industries consume significant
volumes of blue water (groundwater) throughout the operations and processes involved in
leather making. Blue water is also consumed by the workers engaged in tannery operations.
Substantial quantities of chemicals are also consumed by the industries, much of which is
discharged as residual chemicals in tannery effluents, leading to the generation of large
volumes of grey water (polluted water). In this study total water footprint of the processes
under tannery operation and workers engaged were calculated. To calculate pollution load
effluent samples were collected from four local tanneries. Key water parameters, such as: pH,
TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, Total Cr and Cr6+, of effluent samples were analyzed for wet processing
stages: Beamhouse (Soaking, Liming, Pickling), Tanning and Post tanning (Wet back,
Rechroming, Neutralization, Retanning, Fatliqouring and Dyeing). Stagewise pollution load
176
calculation helps to identify highly polluted streams, and design treatment process
accordingly. This study will help policy makers and industry management to understand
tannery pollution load and impact, and to take necessary steps towards the sustainable water
management in leather sector.
Keywords: leather, water footprint, pollution load, tanneries, assessment
177
Abstract no. 99
OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN RMG, TEXTILE AND SHIP
BREAKING INDUSTRIES OF BANGLADESH
Syeda Sultana Razia1*, Sharmin Jahan Mim1*, Jannatul Ferdous1*, Md Mizanur Rahman Jony2
1Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
2Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments (DIFE), Ministry of Labour and
Employment
* Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected],
In this study occupational risk assessment in RMG, Textile and Ship Breaking Industries of
Bangladesh was carried out utilizing accident database of Department of Inspection for
Factories and Establishments (DIFE), Ministry of Labour and Employment. The study focused
on the workplace incidents in RMG, Textile and Ship Breaking industries of Bangladesh. The
risk analysis was conducted based on severity and likelihood of events, the latter comprising:
frequency of exposure to the hazard, duration of exposure to the hazard, probability of
occurrence of a hazardous event, and technical and human possibility of avoiding or limiting
the harm. To carry out the assessment, survey data including working time, accident
frequency, cause of accident, nature of injury, use of personal protective equipment (PPE),
health safety policy, first aid facility etc. were obtained from DIFE. The risk scores and financial
losses due to accidents in different years for each industry were estimated. The overall risk
scores estimated for RMG and Textile industry were found to be higher than that for Ship
Breaking industry. However, in Ship Breaking industry 41.3% of total incidents are of very
high-risk, which is much higher than the percentage of such incidents in RMG or Textile
industry. Additionally, the total compensation provided to the workers as reported by DIFE is
found to be much lower than the estimated cost associated with the injuries and fatalities
occurred.
Keywords: occupational risk assessment, RMG, textile, ship breaking
178
Abstract no. 101
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF COOKING FUELS IN
BANGLADESH: A LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF FUELS IN USE AND
THEIR POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES
Sk. Yasir Arafat Siddiki1, M.G. Toufik Ahmed1, Kawnish Kirtania2, Kazi Bayzid Kabir2, *
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna
9203
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka
1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bangladeshi households use both traditional (crop residues, wood, etc.) and modern (natural
gas, LPG, etc.) fuels for cooking. Approximately 74% of the households use biomass and crop
residues while only 24.3% households use natural gas as fuel. A wide range of technology is
in use in burning of these fuels, resulting in a broad spectrum of energy efficiencies and
emissions. The performance of the cooking system is a function of both the fuel and the way
it is burned. The selection of fuel is usually governed by its availability and affordability, rather
than it being clean and efficient. The users therefore mostly have prolonged exposure to
intolerable levels of PM 2.5, NOx and CO, leading to adverse health effects. This study aims at
the assessment of the cooking fuels currently in use in Bangladesh (e.g., biomass, natural gas,
kerosene, electricity, LPG, biogas) through a cradle-to-grave life-cycle assessment (LCA). In
addition, simulated cases of potential alternatives of traditional fuels through upgradation
(e.g. torrefied biomass, methanol, dimethyl ether) have also been included in the LCA study.
The fuels and their potential alternatives were then ranked according to their environmental
sustainability.
Keywords: cooking fuels, life cycle assessment, environmental sustainability.
179
Abstract no. 102
LIFE-CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF FOSSIL POWER PLANTS WITH
AND WITHOUT CO2 CAPTURE EVALUATING THE POSSIBILITY OF CO2
UTILIZATION
Nafisa Tarannum, Banhee Shikha Roy Brishti, Sadia SiddikaDima, Kawnish Kirtania*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka –
1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
The CO2 emission is more than 36 billion tons per year in global scale. As carbon dioxide
emission raises global temperature by trapping solar energy in the atmosphere, research is
ongoing to facilitate the capture of CO2 with high efficiency. While CO2 footprint of
Bangladesh is relatively low, with upcoming coal-based power plants (>17000 MW) in the next
decade, fossil CO2 emission will increase significantly. To understand the underlying benefit
of CO2 capture process, cradle-to-gate life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) of the power plants
using fossil sources (e.g., natural gas, coal) can provide an in-depth insight. This paper aims to
conduct life cycle impact assessment on natural gas and coal (sub critical and supercritical)
fired power plants with and without CO2 capture facility for comparison of overall impact on
the environment. An open-source software titled OpenLCA was used to carry out LCIA and
study different impact parameters (i.e., green-house gas emission, toxicity and ozone layer
depletion). It was found that the CO2 emission from super-critical pulverized coal (SCPC) and
sub-critical pulverized coal (Sub-PC) fired power plants could be brought down by more than
80% using CO2 capture facility. Along with capture, it is equally important to ensure proper
sinks for this captured CO2. As Bangladesh has no dedicated geological reservoir for CO2
storage, potential sink for captured CO2 could be immediate utilization after capture. This
paper also presents preliminary results on utilizing CO2 through mineralization during
preparation of alternative admixture and construction materials. Due to the ever-growing
real-estate sector of Bangladesh, there is great potential in capturing and utilizing CO2
through construction activities.
Keywords: CO2 capture; CO2 utilization; life cycle impact assessment; CO2 mineralization
180
Abstract no. 103
DRY AND WET TORREFACTION OF BIOMASS: A COMPARATIVE
STUDY
Mst. Farzana Asad, Naimul Arefin, Md Tahseen Islam, Anas Hossain Makki
and Kazi Bayzid Kabir*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka
1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
More than three billion people depend on biomass cookstoves for cooking. The cookstove
predominantly used are of primitive design with low efficiency and high emission. The choice
of fuel (firewood, leaves, crop residue or dung) also influences the efficiency and emission to
some extent. In the developing countries, rural households, irrespective of their health
effects, select fuels based on their cost and availability. Loose fuels (e.g. leaves, bran, husk)
are readily available at low/no cost. However, combustion of these fuels is inefficient and
results more pollution than firewood. This current study focused on the torrefaction of loose
biomass with a goal of making the cooking fuel more desirable from the health perspective.
This current work involves torrefaction of biomass at atmospheric pressure in the presence
(wet) and absence (dry) of moisture. Torrefaction temperature was varied between 250 °C
and 300 °C and the time of treatment was between 0.5 and 2.0 hours. Experiments were
carried out in an in-house reactor for in batches and semi-batch conditions. The products
were analysed to study the yield and energy recovery. Based on the experimental findings a
modular scheme for torrefaction of rice husk has been proposed which is efficient and can
improve the indoor air pollution during use of the fuel in biomass cookstoves.
Keywords: wet torrefaction, dry torrefaction, biomass upgradation, cooking fuel.
181
Abstract no. 105
APPLICATION OF FLUORESCENCE EEM FOR THE DETECTION OF
ADULTERANTS IN HONEY
Abdullah Iqbal1 *, Mizuki Tsuta2
1Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh
2Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
As honey has been considered as high-quality product and consumed worldwide, it becomes
the most susceptible to be adulterated with the addition of low-cost items such as syrup,
sugar or even low-quality honeys as well. But the traditional methods for the detection of
adulteration (such as presence of trace and minor elements) in honey are time consuming,
laborious and requires lengthy sample preparation, while fluorescence spectroscopy may
overcome such drawbacks, as it is faster and noncontact method and requires minimal
sample preparation. The fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) has been applied in
this study for the detection of adulterants of honey. Five types of pure honey samples such
as Robinia pseudoacacia (RP), Lindenbaum (Lind), Astragalus sinicus (AS), Blended with Cherry
(BCherry) & Blended with Chestnut (BChestnut) and four selective adulterants such as Corn
syrup (CS),High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), Rice malt syrup (RMS) and Sugar syrup (SS) were
purchased from Japan. Then pure honey samples were adulterated with the addition of
different concentrations (i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40% w/w) of individual adulterants and
diluted to 2-times with distilled water. Then the honey samples were put in Quartz Petri dish
with path the length of 1mm. The fluorescence spectra were then measured using FP-
8500WRE spectrofluorometer from 200nm to 800nm (at an interval of 1 nm) and excitation
spectra were recorded between 200nm to 500nm (with an interval of 5nm). After conversion
of the spectra into ASCII files and applying necessary pre-processing (i.e., Normalization,
mean centering, autoscaling and/or combination thereof) and digital smoothing polynomial
filters (i.e., Savitzky-Golay smoothing filters) for smoothing out the noisy signals, the Rayleigh
scattering rays were removed from the spectra. Then chemometric analysis such as partial
least square regression analysis (PLSR) was carried out to observe the potentiality of
Florescence EEM to detect the adulterants. It is seen that using PLSR, among four adulterants
(CS, HFCS, RMS and SS), only RMS can be predicted with the R2values of 0.93 and 0.95 and
RMSE values of 3.65 and 3.30 for calibration and validation sets, respectively.
Keywords: fluorescence spectroscopy, excitation, emission,PLSR, prediction, RMS
182
Abstract no. 106
STUDY OF GROWTH KINETICS OF HIGH LIPID CONTENT ALGAE IN
LOCAL ENVIRONMENT
Anika Ferdous 1, Md. Mursalin Rahman Khandaker 1, Farid Ahmad 2, John Liton Munshi 3,
Mohidus Samad Khan1 *
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka,
Bangladesh
2 Institute of Appropriate Technology (IAT), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,
Dhaka, Bangladesh
3 Biological Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka.Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Our civilization is highly dependable on fossil fuels. The multi-lateral use of fossil fuel is
consequently leading to the depletion of this non-renewable sources of energy. Moreover,
the exhaust gas emission from these fuels is the main culprit behind global warming. To
mitigate these adverse effects of fossil fuel, it has become a priority to find renewable, carbon
neutral fuels for environmental and economic sustainability. Biodiesel is a popular alternative
of petroleum-based diesel as it can be used in regular diesel engines, is eco-friendly and non-
toxic. Although there are several options for biodiesel production, fast growth and rich lipid
content- make microalgae a great candidate for the purpose. The strain Chlorella vulgaris, has
shown great potential as a source of oil and also is a great option for wastewater treatment.
Despite all the advantages, the high cost of production in bioreactors still remains a limitation,
and much research is required in that sector. For example, harvesting and de-watering
processes for the microalgal culture system are time and energy consuming. Optimization of
this biological process for local condition is achieved by determining the optimal growth
conditions for microalgal biomass. Kinetic growth models can be used to develop a cost-
effective and efficient method. For developing kinetic models, it is necessary to generate
experimental data. Hence comes the necessity to study growth kinetics of a microalgal
system.
This work presents a comparative study on growth kinetics of Chlorella vulgaris in batch
cultures in four different media, namely- CH, modified CH, Bold’s Basal (BB), and modified
Bold’s Basal (BB). The mother culture of the selected strain, Chlorella vulgaris, was collected
from Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Australia. The
media were prepared using research grade chemicals. A specific temperature (25±2o C) and
light intensity (1200 lux/m2) were maintained in the culture room. Several batches of the
183
experiments for each medium were conducted in series. The study was continued for 30 days
and samples were collected on day 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30. Absorbance/ Optical
Density of the samples were measured at 678 nm using HACH Spectrophotometer, DR-6000.
Then the solution of biomass was dried to find the mass of biomass present in the specific
solution. Spectroscopic analysis was supported by visual change of color in the algal biomass
solution and the microscopic imaging, and was validated with dry cell mass measurement in
this study. The data were later analyzed to produce growth curves to find exponential phase
for each medium. Exponential phases are the best period to harvest the culture. Hence the
duration of exponential phase and the final biomass concentration at the end of exponential
phase are two important parameters to determine the most suitable medium for mass
culture. This study will help to find a suitable media to culture Chlorella vulgaris, a high lipid
content alga in the local environment. The information which can be used to design a system
for mass culture of the strain for biodiesel production.
Keywords: biodiesel, growth kinetics, optical density, dry cell weight, exponential phase, batch culture.
184
Abstract no. 107
DOPING OF ZN IN PBS THIN FILM THROUGH CBD METHOD TO
MODIFY OF PHOTO-ELECTRIC PROPERTIES
D.K Sarkar1, A. K Mahmud Hasan1, Md. Shahinuzzaman2, K Sobayel1,
Md. Akhtaruzzaman1*
1Solar Energy Research Institute, University of Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi-43600, Selangor Darul
Ehasan, Malaysia.
2School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology, University of Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi-43600,
Selangor Darul Ehasan, Malaysia.
* Corresponding Email: [email protected]
Metal chalcogenide, especially PbS has been investigated and used as an important
semiconducting material for thin film industry. It has a direct band gap of 0.42 eV at room
temperature. For tuning this high energy band gap, doping of Zn had been carried out in
various concentrations to optimize it as a suitable absorber layer in solar cells [1]. In this study
Zn-doped PbS thin films were synthesised by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method using
PbCl2.2H2O, CS(NH2)2 as the sources of Pb and S, respectively. Ethanol extract of Aloe Vera
and ammonia liquor were used as complexing agents. The deposition was carried out at a
temperature of 80°C with stirring speed of 150 rpm for an hour. The prepared films were
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-
SEM), Raman spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques. The texture coefficient,
lattice parameter, strain, crystallite size, and dislocation density were estimated from XRD
results. The preferred orientation 111 and 200 planes were observed at 2Ɵ angle 26.06 and
30.02, respectively, as shown in the Fig.1 [2]. Raman spectroscopy result reveals that the
presence of PbS and various functional groups in PbS sample. Raman spectrum of the sample
shows PbS phase and lead oxy-sulfates. The optical band gap of the zinc doped PbS film has
been studied using the UV-Vis spectroscopy measurement as a function of wavelength. The
optical band gap of the sample is calculated to be 1.28 eV. The optical band gap of PbS sample
exhibited a red-shift compared with that of bulk PbS.
185
Figure. 1 XRD-pattern of PbS thin film prepared by chemical bath deposition
Key words: doping, chalcogenide, complexing agent, CBD, absorbance
186
Abstract no. 108
A MODEL-DATA BASED CHEMICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM
Syeda Sultana Razia1 *, Md Easir Arafat Khan1, Anjan K Tula2, Lei Zhang2, Rafiqul Gani3
1Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
2Zhejiang University
3Dalian University of Technology
4PSE for SPEED Company Ltd
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Society, for its existence anywhere on earth, needs to use a variety of products and/or means
that are directly or indirectly connected to chemicals. For example, from the time one wakes
up in the morning to the time they go to sleep, products and/or means they may use are, a)
directly (tooth-paste, soap, drugs, preserved milk or juice, perfume, creams for skin-care,
etc.); b) indirectly-1 (cooking oil, paint, gasoline, fuel for cooking, electricity, etc.); c)
indirectly-2 (air we breathe, water we drink, water we use for cleaning, soil we use for various
purposes, etc) connected to chemicals. Many of the chemicals used in the products listed
above are needed and serve a specific function. However, some could also have harmful
effects and their use should certainly be avoided, or, if not possible, carefully regulated below
an accepted threshold. An important urgent challenge that the society faces is to identify
which chemicals are used in which products and what harmful effects, if any do they have?
Also, those that may have harmful effects, how can they be substituted or controlled with
respect to their use? What is needed is a chemical analysis system.
Currently, more than one million chemicals can be found on planet earth and thousands of
new chemical products entering the global market every year. However, for only a fraction of
these chemicals some properties have been measured. Therefore, it is not feasible to simply
perform needed chemical analysis based on measured experimental data. A more practical
approach is to employ a model-data based chemical analysis system that can quickly,
efficiently and reliably identify the harmful chemicals in our products and also suggest
alternatives that are more benign. The paper will highlight the current status of collected
measured data, a suite of verified models to predict the missing data and illustrate their use
for a selected set of harmful chemicals.
Keywords: chemical substitution, chemical safety, model-based analysis, environmental analysis
187
Abstract no. 109
ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF SURFACE
WATERS OF KARNAFULLY RIVER AT POTENGA-ANWARA AREA,
CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH.
A. N. M. Al-Razee1 *, Halima binte Harun2, Ahsan Habib2
1Department of Analytical Chemistry & Environmental Science, Training Institute for Chemical
Industries, Polash, Narsingdi-1611, Bangladesh.
2Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
A Study has been conducted in Potenga-Anawara Industrial Area, Chittagong by collecting of
twelve stationary points on Karnaphuli river. The concentrations of river water parameters
such as pH, conductivity, Turbidity, Alkalinity, Acidity, TDS, COD, Chloride, Total hardness, Fe,
Mn, Zn, Cr and Ca varied from 3.8 to 9.34, 9.75 to 13.1 mS/cm, 6.7 to 150.3 NTU, 36.5 to 182.5
mg/L as CaCO3, 0.0-78.0 mg/L as CaCO3, 6.36 to 10.404 as g/L, 10 to 186 mg/L as O2, 2552.8
to 4467.4 mg/L, 1470 to 1862.0 mg/L as CaCO3, 1.10 to 8.42 mg/L, 5.6 to 187.5 μg/L, 42.2 to
170.2 μg/L, BDL to 69 μg/L, 139.13 to 182.61 mg/L respectively. The results indicated that
poor quality effluent generated by TSPCL and KAFCO & CUFL, as a result the point source area
of TSPCL and KAFCO were acidic and alkaline nature respectively. Physiochemical results
showed that among the twelve sampling stations the highest COD and Turbidity was recorded
near TSPCL point source. Overall, the water was highly saline. Fe exceeded the surface water
standards of most of the sampling stations.
Key words: physicochemical, karnaphuli river, point source.
188
Abstract no. 110
OPTIMAL SITE SELECTION OF SOLAR POWER PLANTS IN
BANGLADESH USING FUZZY LOGIC
Md. Hasan Ali1*, Md. Abubakar Siddique1, and Tanveer Mahmud Silva2
1Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Bangladesh Army University of Science and
Technology, Saidpur-5310, Bangladesh
2Undergraduate Student, Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Bangladesh Army
University of Science and Technology, Saidpur-5310, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bangladesh is one of the fastest economically growing countries in recent years and has
declared Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)-2030 which comprises social, economic, and
environmental development. Self-sustainability and self-dependency in energy sector are one
of the primary agitators to achieve sustainable development. According to the Bangladesh
Power Development Board (BPDB) annual report of 2018-2019, integration of renewable
energy to the final energy consumption is too low. Considering sustainable development,
Bangladesh government has taken necessary actions for significant investments to solar
energy integration to the final energy consumption. The installation of solar power plant
towards the clean energy with simultaneous exploitation of corresponding renewable energy
sources. Site selection for solar power plants is a critical issue due to the huge financial
investments, output energy issues, weather factors, and environmental conservation issues.
In this study, optimal site selection for solar power plants was made by using fuzzy logic. We
have considered six criteria (solar radiation, sunshine hours, average temperature, distance
to grid transmission lines, tendency to natural disaster, and average rainfall) for five locations
(Chapai Nawabganj, Jessore, Chakaria, Laksham, and Tangail). Criteria weight preference
ratings and alternative site preference ratings were extracted from four decision-makers.
Tangail (index value=1.605) is selected as the most preferable location according to fuzzy
index set. The results of the paper demonstrate the optimal potential site for deploying solar
power plants in Bangladesh.
Keywords: fuzzy logic; renewable energy; sustainable development; site selection.
189
Abstract no. 111
HOT AIR DRYING OF BANANA (MUSA PARADISIACA L.) PEEL:
KINETICS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
Maisa Rahman, Taiaba Binte Hossain, Sadia Sattar, Md. Sajjad Hossain, Pabitra Chandra Das*
Department of Chemical and Food Process Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering &
Technology, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
A significant amount of banana peels is generated annually and dumped as waste material.
But, this micronutrients and phytochemicals enriched peel can be used in different foodstuffs
in powder form. In this study, drying kinetics of blanched (hot water and steam) and
unblanched banana peels (control) was investigated. Peels of fully ripe bananas were
removed manually and were dried at 60°C by using a convective hot air dryer. Obtained data
were fitted with different mathematical models to find the best model for prediction of drying
characteristics. It was found that both hot water and steam blanched peels dried faster than
the unblanched peels and the hot water blanched peels had the highest drying rate constants
(0.43-0.58/h), followed by steam blanched (0.39-0.51/h) and control (0.32-0.43/h). Blanching
also influenced the changes of effective moisture diffusivity over the drying time.
Mathematical modelling resulted that logarithmic model was the best fitted model for
predicting the drying parameters of the banana peel (R2 ≥ 0.98029; χ2 ≤ 0.00016, and RMSE
≤ 0.01202) at above studied conditions.
Keywords: banana peel, blanching, hot air drying, rate constants, mathematical modelling
190
Abstract no. 112
FAILURE PROBABILITY OF PRESSURE SAFETY VALVES: CASE STUDY
OF A GAS PROCESSING PLANT
Md. Ahosan Habib Rakib, Tarikul Islam, Mohammed Tahmid, C M Touhid Amin and
Syeda Sultana Razia*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Pressure safety valves (PSV) are safety devices used extensively in chemical process industries
to reduce the risk of loss of containment caused by overpressure events. They serve as the
last line of defense against a catastrophe and operate independently when other mitigation
and control systems fail to provide necessary protection. Considering the critical role that
PSVs play in ensuring plant safety, it is necessary to ensure that they are in sound operating
state. PSVs, like all valves are subject to blockage, corrosion and damage. Thus, regular
inspection and recertification is needed to ensure their integrity. This paper presents an
investigation of the probabilities of failure on demand (POFOD) of pressure safety valves (PSV)
located on different units of a gas processing facility including dehydration column, gas
compressor, intermediate condensate vessel, storage tank and truck loading line. A Risk Based
Inspection methodology adapted from API 581 has been applied to determine the POFOD for
PSVs under different operating conditions with respect to inspection time interval. An
estimated inspection interval for every PSV is suggested based on a given threshold failure
probability. The outcome indicates that most of the risks result from a few PSVs, for which
the corresponding inspection intervals will be shorter than the 2 years.
Keywords: pressure safety valve, risk based inspection, gas processing facility
191
Abstract no. 113
NEW AND NOVEL NATURAL PRODUCTS INTO EVIDENCE BASED
CLINICAL PRACTICE
Shamsun Nahar Khan
Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected]
Natural products are the intrinsic component of the plants responsible for the wide uses of
medicinal plants as biomedicine for the prevention and cure of several disease ailments.
Thousands of the plants documented since more than hundreds of centuries for their
medicinal uses and treatment. Primary health care in this subcontinent is very much
dependent on the availability of suitable drugs. Medicinal plants are always been a resource
as a common source of remedies in the traditional medicines as well as the pure active
pharmaceutical ingredients. Among thousands of the medicinal plants of the world heritage,
few were documented with proper evidence based clinical practice. Pharmacological
properties of the medicinal plants are dependent on the secondary metabolites e.g.
flavonoids, triterpene, indole alkaloids, steroids of the plants. The growth of the medicinal
plants and the production of the secondary metabolites are highly dependent on the natural
climate of that particular region. Some of the medicinal plants are also indigenous due to
unique environmental factors which prefer biosynthesis of certain class of compounds. Many
of the plant preparation (combination of plants) followed a preference of personalized
medicine practices as well.
In our study we identified clinical uses (skin diseases, bacterial infection, asthma, irritating
bowel syndrome, arthritis, insomnia, cardiac disease etc.) of locally available plants or plant
extracts that cured and mitigate several ailments with replacement of some conventional
pharmaceutical preparations which were not sensitive or resistant to those diseases. Later
on, we worked on pure natural products or active ingredients e.g. flavonoids, coumarin,
triterpene, indole alkaloids, steroids class of compounds against different disease target at
the molecular levels as well. The purified compounds were further subjected for QSAR
(Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship) studies, Docking studies, enzyme inhibition and
kinetic studies. Some of the potent and novel enzyme inhibitors are presented as follows:
192
Keywords: natural products, clinical practice, alpha-glucosidase
193
Abstract no. 115
FUTURE CLEAN ENERGY PATHWAYS: CARBON CAPTURE,
RENEWABLES, BATTERIES, OR FOSSIL FUELS – WHAT SHOULD WE
INVEST ON?
Manali Zantye, Akhil Arora and M.M. Faruque Hasan*
Texas A&M University, United States
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
While coal-based electricity generation plays an important role in the global energy mix, it
contributes to one-third of all power-related CO2 emissions. Promising technologies to
reduce emissions from power generation include: (i) installation of CO2 capture and storage
(CCS) systems in power plants and (ii) integration of renewable energy with the electricity
grid. However, these technologies currently have several limitations. CCS is highly energy-
intensive and could reduce the net power output of a power plant by 25-40%. While
renewable energy from solar and wind is inherently emission-free, capital-intensive grid level
modifications are required to handle the intermittency and variability. Most of the previous
studies on emission reduction considered these two technologies as independent of each
other, resulting in high costs of CO2 capture and renewable integration. We hypothesize that
the CO2 emissions from coal power plants can be effectively reduced by co-investing in a CO2
capture system and a co-located renewable energy farm, thereby exploring the synergies
between the two technologies. The clean renewable energy can be used for meeting the high
energy requirement of CO2 capture. on the other hand, CO2 capture helps in handling the
intermittency of renewables by acting in the form of a ‘storage’ system. Excess renewable
energy can be used for flexible CO2 capture during low electricity demand periods, thereby
reducing curtailment. Furthermore, CO2 capture operation can be turned down to provide
energy to the grid for peak demand periods. In this work, we investigate the potential of an
integrated system that consists of a coal-based power plant, a flexible CO2 capture unit and
a renewable power generation unit. Specifically, we investigate under which conditions the
benefits to a coal power plant from a CCS retrofit or a co-located renewable energy farm
installation outweigh the upfront capital cost of these systems. We formulate a two-stage
optimization framework to determine both the long-term investment and the short-term
operational decisions for clean energy. Our results suggest that for a carbon tax above $40
per ton, it is beneficial to invest in a co-located solar energy farm that would partially meet
the energy demands of the CO2 capture unit while providing an additional supply of
renewable energy to the grid, thereby reducing the overall consumption of coal. This reduces
the total CO2 emission intensity of the integrated system by almost 50% as compared to the
194
case without renewables. Moreover, the optimal solar farm size is influenced by the imposed
carbon tax, with higher carbon tax resulting in a larger size of the solar energy farm.
Keywords: Energy, Process Design, Optimization, Process Systems Engineering
195
Abstract no. 116
EFFECT OF MICROPARTICLE IN THE THERMOPLASTIC STARCH (TPS)
POLYMER PLASTICIZED WITH GLYCEROL
Md. Muhaiminul Islam Sohan, Md. Ripon Biswas and Mohammad Nurur Rahman*
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Bangladesh is the world's first country that bans single-use plastic products in 2002 but still,
it is available everywhere because of the unavailability of alternatives. Biodegradable plastics
are one of the best alternatives to conventional plastics. Though Thermoplastic Starch (TPS)
is a water-soluble polymer, it is most widely used as a biodegradable polymer around the
world because of the cheap and availability of starch which is its main ingredient and it is the
best alternative of traditional polythene. Modified starch delays retrogradation in the TPS
film. Nano and microparticle give a positive effect to improve water resistance, increase the
mechanical properties and a good gas barrier. Further, it gives a slight effect on thermal
stability and also decreases water solubility. CaCO3, CaO and micro-silica are used as a
nanoparticle and it is available and found in natural sources. In this experiment, CaCO3 and
CaO are made from eggshells by using a muffle furnace. The samples with microparticles are
stronger than TPS without microparticle. The waste mango kernel starch and corn starch are
used. So, it is easy to make relatively low-cost and high-quality biodegradable polymer which
protects our country from single-use polythene pollution.
Keywords: thermoplastic starch (tps); biodegradable polymer; mango seed kernel starch; eggshell;
microparticles; glycerol
196
Abstract no. 118
HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PREDICTIVE 3D MODEL OF MANGO
KERNEL DURING CONVECTION OVEN DRYING PROCESS
Md. Shafiul Islam, Md. Sumon Ali, Mohammad Nurur Rahman, Pabitra Chandra Das*
Department of Chemical & Food Process Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering &
Technology (RUET), Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
A large number of mangoes are utilized in process industries which produce a large amount
of mango kernel that can be utilized effectively as a by-product. During the further processing,
especially, the prior step of flour preparation from mango kernel, it is important to be defined
the moisture loss and heat transfer phenomena across the different portions of mango kernel
slice (MKS) for its drying accuracy. The study conducted to define a compatible predictive
model that represents a 3D expression of heat penetration through the mango kernel slice
and moisture losses during drying with convective oven dryer using COMSOL Multiphysics
with originated boundary conditions, excluding the changes of properties due to varying
mangoes species. The model was validated using a convective drying process with varying
thicknesses 4, 6 and 8 mm of MKSs having temperature elevated to 65 oC and 0.6 ms-1 air
velocity up to 6 hours. The Developed model was concurred and correlated well with the
experimental data and can be used in describing heat and mass transfer phenomena while
drying the mango kernel.
Keywords: by-products; mango kernel; convective drying, heat distribution
197
Abstract no. 119
3D MODEL OF HEAT DISTRIBUTION DURING CONVECTIVE DRYING
OF POTATO SLICE WITH DIFFERENT THICKNESS
Md. Shafiul Islam, Md. Sumon Ali, Mohammad Nurur Rahman, Pabitra Chandra Das*
Department of Chemical & Food Process Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering &
Technology (RUET), Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Heat penetration during convective oven drying of a potato slice is important to characterize
the drying efficiency which highly depending on the thickness. The growing number of process
industries are getting more interesting to use potatoes for new product design and
development. An efficient drying depends on the appropriate modelling of potato slices with
different thicknesses. This study is conducted to a predictive 3D modelling of heat distribution
for potato slices of different thicknesses. For the data generated, the developed 3D model is
obtained after the lab scale validation. For validations, the temperature of the air was 51 oC
with 1 ms-1 velocity inside the dryer and Data recorded in 30 minutes intervals. The
Developed model was concurred and correlated well with the experimental data and can be
used in describing heat transfer phenomena while drying the potato slice.
Keywords: thickness, convective drying, validation, predictive model
198
Abstract no. 120
IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITE
HYDROGEL USING METAL ION BINDING
Hridoy Roy1, Sumaia Afroz2, M. Amzad Hossain2, Chanchal K. Roy2, Shakhawat H. Firoz2 *
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, Dhaka-1000
2Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology, Dhaka-1000
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Nanocomposite hydrogels are a fascinating domain for current research for advanced
functional applications of hydrogel in different fields such as biomedical and industrial
engineering. Here, nanocomposite hydrogels especially, which are fabricated with hydrophilic
nanomaterials such as nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), chitin, silica etc. often face the
problem of high swelling disintegration and weak mechanical properties.The weak cross-
linking ability of the nanomaterials inside the nanocomposite hydrogels is responsible for the
limitation. In this work, we have presented a design to prepare mechanically tough
nanocomposite hydrogels through the formation of a polymer network facilitated by metal
ion binding. Here, polyacrylic acid-dicarboxylic nanocrystalline cellulose (PAAc-DCNC)
hydrogel was prepared by the free radical polymerization. The hydrogel demonstrated weak
performance in terms of Young’s modulus, toughness and mechanical strength. Interestingly,
when the synthesized PAAc-DCNC hydrogel was immersed in aqueous ferrous sulfate (FeSO4)
solutio, the mechanical performance of the hydrogel was improved. This exhibited 137.50kPa
of tensile strength, which was superior (4 times) compared to the PAAc-DCNC hydrogel, which
was 34.5 kPa. This has been attributed due to the incorporation of metal ions viz. Fe2+. The
physicochemical bonding of Fe2+ has introduced a new type of crosslinked network in the
nanocomposite hydrogel. The swelling measurement of the hydrogels also suggested the
control of the swelling disintegration of the hydrogel. This work gives valuable molecular
insight into understanding and designing double cross-linking tough gels for versatile
applications.
Keywords: double-network hydrogel, nanocomposite, nanocrystalline cellulose, metal ion binding
199
Abstract no. 121
INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER CAPACITANCE
BEHAVIOR OF ACTIVATED CARBON DERIVED FROM WASTE TIRE
Mysha Momtaz, Akther H. Reaz, Yeasin A. Tarek, Nusrat Jahan, Hridoy Roy, Ayesha Sharmin*,
Chanchal Roy* and Shakhawat Firoz*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected],
with an ever-increasing demand for energy supply and environmental sustainability, the
search for sustainable energy resources is a dire need. Supercapacitor is one of such energy
storage devices that has a huge application in the field of energy related technologies.
Especially supercapacitors having an electrode material with desirable EDLC behavior is of
prime interest as most of the commercial aspects prefer to utilize materials possessing non-
faradic EDLC nature. Usually, activated carbons are a good option for fulfilling these desirable
criteria. In this study, a primary observation on the performance of waste tire residue has
been conducted with an aim to develop an alternative source of energy storage material for
efficient design and fabrication of electrodes in supercapacitors. The raw tire samples were
converted into char by pyrolysis method at 350 °C accompanied with extraction of some liquid
petroleum products. The char sample was then purified by acid treatment to obtain activated
carbon (AC). The electrochemical supercapacitor performance of the ACs were evaluated by
cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode system using aqueous 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte
solution. Rectangular shape of the cyclic voltammogram confirmed the formation of stable
electrical double layer formation. The large values of the specific capacitance demonstrated
the high performance of the material. The morphology and a more detailed study of
electrochemical performance indicated its real-life applicability. Overall, this study presents a
predictive concept of the conversion of waste to energy.
Keywords: supercapacitor, char, waste tire, sustainability, EDLC
200
Abstract no. 122
ESTIMATION OF CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION AND THE
TROPHIC STATE OF THE KAPTAI RESERVOIR USING LANDSAT-8 OLI
SENTINEL-2 MSI SENSORS
Bishal Guha
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh
Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Kaptai Lake, the only hydroelectric reservoir in Bangladesh has been facing challenges from
increasing nutrient concentrations coming from pollution linked to algae blooms, due to
higher residence time compared to rivers. Hence, the monitoring of algae is necessary to
prevent the risk of contamination by toxins in reservoirs used for potable uses. Chlorophyll-
a, a photoactive pigment can be used as a proxy for phytoplankton and hence remote sensing
techniques can be used which can further help to determine the trophic state of the reservoir.
The aim of the study was to estimate the chlorophyll-a concentration and to assess the trophic
state of the reservoir and to assess the variability and inter-compare the performances of two
sensors used, Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) in
estimating chlorophyll-a concentration. In this study, two standard bio-optical Ocean Color
(OC) algorithms, OC-2(2-band) and OC-3(3-band) has been used for two satellite sensors for
estimating chlorophyll-a concentration. Validation with in-situ data has been done and
further inter-comparison of chlorophyll-a retrieved from two sensors was also done. The
results showed that the chlorophyll-a concentration has been increased in years and the
Trophic State Index (TSI) has been also increased to about 65% which denotes the eutrophic
condition of the reservoir. Validation with in-situ data showed that the OC-2 algorithm gives
an estimate of chlorophyll-a of better correlation coefficient(R) of 0.8 and the least bias of 0.4
mg/m3. Further comparison of two sensors in different seasons showed that chlorophyll-a
from MSI is overestimated compared to OLI. This work can be useful for monitoring water
quality in remote areas where in-situ measurements are difficult to obtain.
Keywords: chlorophyll0-a, remote sensing, trophic state index (TSI), correlation coefficient (R)
201
Abstract no. 123
HARD PARTICLE-LIKE BEHAVIOR OBSERVED IN A REAL LIQUID
HYDROCARBON SYSTEM
Rizwanur Rahman1 *, Thomas F. Headen2 and Michael P. Hoepfner1*
1University of Utah, United States
2ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, United Kingdom
*Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected]
Hard particles and colloidal systems are well-known to maximize their entropy by molecular
organization. Dense suspensions of hard particles align their facets to yield ordered
structures, e.g., liquid crystals, or quasicrystals. Local entropy loss associated with molecular
organization is also common in real fluid systems like biological molecules in solution or
hydrophobic particles in water. Still, it is difficult to isolate the exact entropic contribution
due to the lack of neat laboratory techniques. We investigated the 3-D structure of liquid
hydrocarbons using neutron scattering experiments to speculate different forces (enthalpic
vs. entropic) promoting structure. We observed a counterintuitive ordering pattern in the
case of 1-methylnaphthalene with increasing temperature that cannot be isolated without
considering the 3-D rotation of molecules. This observation, also supported through
molecular simulation, seemingly contradicts the conventional concept of entropy, wherein
temperature increases are expected to induce more disorder. We hypothesize this
temperature-induced ordering as entropically driven, as seen in hard particles and colloidal
systems based on the collective orientation of the molecules driven by the anisotropy in
molecular shapes. The induced asymmetry by the methyl group in 1-methylnaphthalene can
be correlated with the anisotropy in hard particles incurring collective molecular ordering to
maximize entropy. We anticipate that the relative impact of entropically vs. enthalpically
promoted structures will be present in other dense fluids and amplified as the density
increases. The integrated approach of neutron scattering and simulation, therefore, can be
devised as a potential tool for investigating the relative impacts of enthalpic and entropic
contribution from an exceptional viewpoint. The understanding of such investigations
provides novel pathways to understand self-assembly and control local structure by
considering the molecular shape and modifying thermodynamic conditions.
Keywords: entropic contribution, liquid structure, neutron scattering, molecular dynamics simulation
202
Abstract no. 124
PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF BIODIESEL FROM PITHRAJ
(APHANAMIXIS POLYSTACHYA) SEEDS AVAILABLE IN BANGLADESH
Hd. Razu Ahmmed1, Md. Ikramul Hasan2, Mohammad Ismail2 * and Md. Golam Mortuza1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University
2University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
In this study, Pithraj (Aphanamixis polystachya) seed (PS) oil was used to produce biodiesel
via trans-esterification process. The PS oil was extracted from seed using a soxhlet solvent
extraction technique and the effect of temperature and heating rate on product distribution
was investigated. The PS oil was pretreated (esterified) to combat the saponification reaction
and other associated problems e.g., phase separation. The transesterification reaction was
carried out under the following process conditions: addition of 50 wt.% methanol, 0.8 wt.%
NaOH (both are on the basis of wt.% of PS oil addition), 60 °C reaction temperature and 90
min reaction time for which biodiesel yield was found 93.87%. Biodiesel produced from PS oil
was characterized by various physico-chemical means and compared with international
standards. The use of the produced biodiesel in blend with commercial diesel will bring a
drastic change in fuel economy of the country, will ensure a clean and safe environment and
will demonstrate a way for ‘Waste to Energy'.
Keywords: biodiesel, transesterification process, pitharaj seed, waste management, physico-chemical
properties, clean energy
203
Abstract no. 125
NANO FILLERS TO REDUCE WATER ABSORPTION OF NATURAL FIBRE
REINFORCED POLYESTER MATRIX COMPOSITE
M.A. Islam* and M.S. Haque*
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected]
The role of natural fibre reinforced polymer composite materials is growing at an increasing
rate in the field of engineering and technology for the development of green composites.
However, increase in the moisture absorption due to addition of natural fibres in polymer
matrix gives a serious concern, especially for their potential outdoor applications. This article
reports the experimental results on the effect of nano silica and nano clay particles to control
the water absorption of polyester-jute composite. At first, 90% polyester and 10% untreated
chopped jute fibre reinforced composite (P-90:J-10) was developed. In the next stage, 1%
locally produced (produced by top down method in MME Department, BUET) river based
nano silica and natural clay particles were added in P-90:J-9 composites to make nano
structured composites. Then following standard procedure water absorption tests were
performed by immersing pure polyester and its various composite specimens into distilled
water. After detail experimental study, it has been revealed that locally produced nano silica
particles and clay particles could be very potential candidates to reduce the water absorption
tendency of natural fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester based composites.
Keywords: unsaturated polyester resin, jute fiber, nano silica sand, nano clay, nano structured
composites, water absorption
204
Abstract no. 127
ENDOSOME MEMBRANE COATED NANOGEL: AN ADVANCED
TREATMENT FOR CERVICAL CANCER
Arjan Saha*, Kashfia Nehrin*, Mahazabin Mim*, Sourav Sutradhar*
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected]
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in most developing
countries including Bangladesh. Although, various drugs have been developed for cervical
cancer, but treatment with these drugs often results in a number of undesirable side effects,
toxicity and multidrug resistance (MDR). A nanogel is a nanoparticle composed of a
hydrogel—crosslinked hydrophilic polymer networks that can absorb water and are flexible.
In this study, an endosome membrane-coated nanogel (denoted as EM-NG) which is easily
extracted from the source cancer cells for targeting and specific delivery of small molecular
drug will be described. This pH-dependent drug release behavior can play a crucial role in
tumor-targeted drug delivery via endocytosis pathway which will be shown via different
analysis. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages and application Sectors of this system and
the future prospect of this biomimetic drug delivery system with selective targeting,
prolonged circulation time, and low immunogenicity will be discussed in this poster.
Keywords: targeted drug delivery, cervical cancer treatment in bangladesh prospect, endosome
membrane coated nanogel, Ph dependent drug release, biomimetic drug delivery
205
Abstract no. 130
TREATMENT OF TANNERY WASTEWATER THROUGH CALCIUM
CARBONATE FROM MOLLUSCA (SNAIL SHELL)
Adhir Chandra Paul*, Readul Alam Shuvo, Md. Moshiur Rahman Tushar
Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Leather preparing is only the change of putrescible hide/skin into imputrescible calfskin and
thusly, an immense measure of strong, fluid and vaporous waste is produced. During tanning
activity, diverse tanning operators are utilized. Among them, Chromium(III) salts are the most
generally utilized and a high level of chromium stays in the solids and fluids squanders
(particularly as spent chrome liquor). Right now, we are presenting a feasible answer for
exorcizing this enormous measure of chromium from Cr tanned waste liquor. The powder
produced using locally accessible snail shells to expel chrome from Cr tanned waste liquor.
Mollusca is generally known as snail shell which is effectively found in the neighborhood
Bangladesh. Investigations were completed to get the optimum dose amount, contact time
and kinetics of snail shell to get the ideal expulsion of chromium from Cr tanned wastewater.
At improved conditions, 0.5g powder was mixed in with 50 ml chromium-containing
wastewater for 10 minutes, fixed and afterwards chromium content in the filtrate was
estimated by the titrimetric technique. The amount of chromium in the crude wastewater
and filtrate was 3004.43 mg/L and 53.63 mg/L individually. The chromium expulsion
proficiency was 99.14% at pH 10.8. The critical decrease was found on BOD, COD after
treatment. So, the utilization of snail shells to expel chromium from Cr tanned wastewater
could be considered fruitful and it tends to be a compelling answer for the issue made by
chrome-tanned wastewater to the earth or the supportable waste administration.
Keywords: tanning, wastewater, chromium (iii) salts, COD, BOD
206
Abstract no. 131
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETIC HYSTERESIS OF V2O5
ADDED NI-CO-ZN FERRITES
Muhammad Samir Ullah*, Md. Firoz Uddin, Rowshon Satara, Sm Rubayatul Islam
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
We have observed the typical magnetic hysteresis loop for V2O5 added Ni-Co-Zn mixed
ferrites with the formula Ni0.62Co0.03Zn0.35Fe2O4 + xV2O5 (where x = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5wt%).
These compositions were prepared by ceramic technology through standard solid state
reaction method. The structural measurement of the samples was performed by X-ray
diffraction (XRD) technique and all the prepared compositions belong to cubic spinel
structure. The magnetic hysteresis loops were performed at different temperatures (300,
200, 100, 5K) using Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) in the
magnetic field up to 20 kOe. It was found that saturation magnetizations were increased when
temperature decreases from 300K to 5K, where at each temperature the sample was cooled.
The exchange energy between sub-lattices in ferrites are the responsible for the spontaneous
alignment of dipoles. Due to decrease of the thermal energy, the saturation magnetizations
were increased by the alignment of dipoles. The experimental magnetic moments were
calculated for all compositions at different temperatures. The value of the experimental
magnetic moments was found to be higher at 5K in compare to other temperatures. In order
to determine the magnetic softness nature of the prepared samples, the coercive fields 〖(H
〗_C) were observed from the magnetic hysteresis loop at different temperatures. The values
of the coercive fields for all compositions are smaller (Hc <75 Oe). This indicates magnetically
softness nature present in all samples which might be used in an engineering material due to
the technological point of view in electromagnetic devices.
Keywords: additive, hysteresis, magnetization
207
Abstract no. 132
VARIATIONS OF FOOD MEASUREMENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL
GOING STUDENTS THROUGH BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION
ANALYSIS-A CASE STUDY IN KHULNA REGION
Adhir Chandra Paul*, Md. Nafis Sadik and Md. Shahedur Rahman Rony
Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Human beings are treated as being bilaterally symmetrical. There is, however, an asymmetry
in the length of the feet, regardless of sex or handiness. There are several variations between
left and right foot length, width, girth, arch measurement and circumference as well as one-
foot length, width, girth, arch measurement or circumference may predict the other foot
dimension by means of a mathematical model independent of the sex of the person. At young
age children have various changes in their foot measurement Along with Height and Weight
the changes in foot measurement are seen. Consequently, the present study was undertaken
to establish the association between the left foot and the right foot in terms of length, width,
girth height, weight, arch measurement and to define its acuteness, as well as to suggest a
binary logistic mathematical model for the analysis and obtain definite conclusion about these
variables with the changes. One hundred (100) normal students were selected for the study
between the ages of 8 to 12 with no obvious deformities or prior history of trauma to the
feet. Their foot length, width, Girth, Arch length & height and circumference were measured
using the standard points, and the data were statistically analyzed for Binary Logistic
Regression analysis. We see that at the case of length most of the students fall in medium
category for both legs. For width we also have the same conclusion. Height and weight also
show the most significance factors than other variables. Finally, this study would help to
develop a proper sizing system of shoe regarding the school going students.
Keywords: shoe sizing, girth, arch measurement, foot measurement, standard points
208
Abstract no. 133
EFFECT OF LEATHER TRIMMING AND NEEM FIBER ON THE
MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTY OF CEMENT BASED
MATERIALS
Adhir Chandra Paul*, Syed Ishmam Rakin, A.S.M. Ragib Ahasan Munna
Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Leather sector is one of the emerging sectors in Bangladesh. At present, Bangladesh has 165
footwear and leather product factories; in addition, has 161 tanneries that process raw hides
into finished leather. Out of the leather used, some of them generated a huge amount of
leather wasted as raw edge trimmings, pattern cutting wastages etc. during finished product
assembling. These wastages are not treated legitimately and tossed here and there, can cause
an environmental threat like Chromium (Cr), Aluminium (Al) etc. and also percolate into the
soil and can blend with the underground water which causes issues to crops or aquatic life.
This study represents the effect of adding finished leather wastes and neem fiber in the
building construction materials like sand and cement, besides that, to alleviate the hazardous
impact of leather wastes. The developed sample was carried out different test like
compression test, tensile strength test and thermal conductivity test. Obtained results show
a significant decrease in density and mechanical strength in mortar with the increase of the
adding of the materials. So far according to our study, the use of 1% of neem fiber might be
taken into consideration because it showed the nearest value for strength test. on the other
case, the use of 1% leather might be also considered for mortar, but its strength value is lesser
than that of neem. In order to avoid decrease of mechanical strength, leather wastes or neem
fiber can be used to fill hollow specimen or to separate parts.
Keywords: leather trimmings, tensile strength, compression test, thermal conductivity, mortar
209
Abstract no. 135
INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY OF CLASS ID
RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE RELEVANT TO VITAL THERAPEUTIC
INTERVENTIONS
Aditi Dey Tithi1, Yead Jewel2, Shoeb Ahmed1 * and Jahid Ferdous1
1Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
2Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the only known enzyme responsible for the de-novo
production of all four deoxyribonucleotides required for Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
synthesis. Most of the recent interests in RNR involve the class I enzymes which require the
incorporation of different types of metallocofactors. There are four subclasses within class I
RNR which differ in the mechanisms used to create an essential free radical. Among all the
subclasses of class I RNR, subclass Id which is found in bacteria such as Actinobacillus ureae
(A. ureae) and Flavobacterium johnsoniae remains the least studied of all. A. ureae is the
primary pathogen in ten cases of meningitis and several cases of pneumonia, peritonitis, and
sepsis. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, this study systematically investigates the
structure and activity of the catalytic subunit of class Id RNR especially found in A. ureae.
Simulation results indicate a complete absence of N-terminal adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-
cone domain in the A. ureae alpha (α) subunits. ATP-cone domain is essential for the
regulation of overall activity by dATP-induced formation of inhibitory oligomers and is present
in the other subclasses of class I. Moreover, RNR activity is found to be insensitive to dATP
which complies with the non-existence of even partial ATP-cone allosteric motif in both
terminals. Ion-dependent changes of α subunits of class Id RNR shows crucial local and global
conformational dynamics near the Mn-binding site in the α subunits of RNR. These results
facilitate our understanding of RNR which may provide a new rationale for developing novel
antibiotics towards RNRs in this pathogenic microorganism.
Keywords: ribonucleotide reductase, pathogenic microorganism, therapeutic interventions, molecular
dynamics
210
211
Professor of Chemical Engineering (Retired), BUET
Consultant to BCIC/SFP
This is a reflection on the implementation of Shahjalal Fertilizer Project (SFP) what is today
Shahjalal Fertilizer Co. Ltd. (SFCL). This deals with a wide range of issues covering technical,
contractual, and administrative involving SFP, General Contractor, sub-contractors, Process
Licensors and vendors. These arose because of mindset, interpretation of contract clauses,
inexperience, expectation and frustration of both Owner and General Contractor. Lessons
learned would enable BCIC to undertake such projects in future by avoiding pitfalls and
missteps of SFP.
212
Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Ltd. (SFCL) is the new ammonia-urea grass-roots fertilizer
complex under Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation (BCIC), a public sector
corporation under the Ministry of Industries. The complex produces granular urea along with
the intermediate product ammonia using natural gas as feedstock and fuel. It is the eighth
ammonia-urea complex in Bangladesh and the seventh under BCIC. It is located at
Fenchugonj, Sylhet beside the first ammonia-urea complex NGFF (Natural Gas Fertilizer
Factory) commissioned in December 1960. NGFF has been closed permanently since the start-
up of SFCL. It is yet to be decommissioned.
The design capacities of SFCL at 100% load for 330 stream days are:
Ammonia 1000 tpd (330,000 tpy)
Granular Urea 1760 tpd (580,800 tpy)
SFCL has been built on a Lump Sum Turn Key (LSTK) basis and the General Contractor (GC) is
China National Complete Plant Import and Export Corporation Limited (COMPLANT) selected
by the Government of China.
During its implementation stage, SFCL was known as Shahjalal Fertilizer Project (SFP). It was
scheduled to be completed in 38 months per the contract. Though the contract was signed
on December 11, 2011, the effective date of contract (EDC) was April 16, 2012 for completing
all formalities required to make the signed contract legally effective. The contracted
completion date for the project thus became June 15, 2015.
BCIC has been planning to build two ammonia-urea fertilizer complexes since the
commissioning of Jamuna Fertilizer Co. Ltd. (JFCL), one in Sylhet area if possible, beside NGFF
and another in the north-western region on the western bank of the river Jamuna. The
purpose of the two new fertilizer complexes was to meet the growing demand of urea
fertilizer in the country to achieve food autarky as well as to replace NGFF commissioned in
1960. NGFF, when planned and built, was based on the state-of-the-art process technologies
for ammonia and urea. However, advances made since in process technologies and
equipment have made it less energy efficient. Even in 2009-10 NGFF produced 55,400 t urea
with natural gas consumption of 67 MSCF per ton of urea against the design rate of 59 MSCF.
The Government of Bangladesh through a notification (Order/Misc. 26/93/43 dated
2.12.1993) constituted a committee to assess the possibility of continuing safe operation of
NGFF beyond December 1993, the deadline fixed by the Government to close down NGFF.
The committee recommended, ‘NGFF can be safely operated beyond 1993 with the provision
213
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
that increased vigilance be maintained----------over and above routine maintenance. The
suggested overhauling should be able to keep NGFF operational for about three or more years
during which the proposed Shahjalal Fertilizer Factory will come to fruition.’ BCIC failed to
provide funds for the recommended overhauling. Nevertheless NGFF, with on and off
maintenance and repairs, remained in operation until the power plant failed to supply power
due to damage of the main transformers in June 2014. During the period 1993 through 2000
the factory used spares worth Tk. 65.14 million (Tk. 9.30 million per annum). When the
decision was taken to close down NGFF by December 31, 1993, the factory during the
preceding seven years (1986 - 1993), had produced annually 100,135 t urea on an average
against the rated annual capacity of 106,000 t. After December 31, 1993 when NGFF was
allowed to operate, it produced 87,164 t urea per year on average during the period from
1993 to 2000. During the period from 2001 to 2010 the factory produced 76,780 t urea per
annum on average and the production started to decline from 63,010 t in 2007-08 to 55,426
t in 2009-10. The table below provides a summary of the production of NGFF from 1986 to
2010.
BCIC and the Ministry of Industries treated NGFF harshly by calling it a losing plant and gas
hungry monster. NGFF was losing because it was forced to sell urea at a price (below the cost
of production) fixed arbitrarily by the Government ignoring the urea price in the world market
from where BCIC had been buying urea at cost of US $350-800 per ton. The plant has been
operating with gas consumption close to design value. with the rationing of gas and
suspension gas supply matters worsened for all the BCIC urea plants. BCIC now is more
interested in importing urea instead of producing it in its plants.
SFCL was financed through a mixed loan comprising of Chinese Government Concessional
Loan (CGCL) and Preferential Buyer’s Credit (PBC) from Exim Bank of China. The Chinese
Period Average Annual Production of Urea, tons Capacity Utilization, %
1986-87-1992-93 100,135 94.5
1993-94-1999-00 87,164 82.2
2000-01-2001-10 76,780 72.4
2007-08 63,010 59.4
2009-10 55,426 52.3
214
Government provided RMBY (Reni Min Bi Yuan) 1.6 billion (US $ 234 million) and Exim Bank
provided US $ 325 million. The terms and conditions are:
Interest rate 2% per annum
Management fee 0.2% at a time
Commitment fee 0.2% (payable at interval of 180 days on undisbursed loan
amount)
Maturity Period 20 years including 5 years grace period
The funds provided by China did not cover the LSTK contract price and the Government of
Bangladesh provided Tk. 1,514.25 million (US $ 20.19 million). One of the conditions for
utilizing Chinese funds was that a sizeable quantity of goods and services would be procured
from China.
As a condition for availing loan from the Chinese Government for a project, the Government
of China appointed a Chinese General Contractor following its own procedure. COMPLANT
was the appointed General Contractor. No document was presented to GoB from the Chinese
Government about qualification, experience and competence of COMPLANT to undertake a
grass-roots ammonia-urea complex of comparable size of SFP.
When COMPLANT had submitted its proposal (technical and commercial) in September 2010,
it was found that COMPLANT had not acted as a GC for any ammonia-urea grass-roots project
in the past. It involved China Chengda Engineering Co. Ltd (CHENGDA) as sub-contractor for
providing technical support to complete the project. A MoU was signed between COMPLANT
and CHENGDA on October 28, 2010 outlining roles, responsibilities and job distribution for
implementing SFP.
A similar situation arose while implementing Ashugonj Fertilizer Complex Ltd. (AFCL) at the
insistence of the World Bank. The appointed GC Foster Wheeler (UK) was disqualified at the
prequalification stage; but it was thrust upon Bangladesh by WB when Foster Wheeler
submitted a bid by associating Uhde Engineering, Germany as its subcontractor for technical
support. Though Uhde Engineering was prequalified as GC for AFCL, it declined to participate
in bidding. There is a difference here between CHENGDA and Uhde considering their expertise
and capabilities. Uhde was the process licensor for ammonia process and process licensee of
Stamicarbon’s urea process. In contrast, CHENGDA was neither process licensor nor licensee
of any process technology involved but it had worked with process licensors in a number of
215
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
projects in the past. CHENGDA had no experience with Stamicarbon’s Urea Granulation
process as well as with Pool Reactor.
COMPLANT submitted its preliminary proposal (technical and contract) to BCIC for its
consideration on September 27, 2010. The proposal did not provide any evidence of
COMPLANT’s actual experience as GC for planning, design and construction of a grass-roots
ammonia-urea complex having the capacity of SFP by engaging CHENGDA for engineering,
design and management services using processes of KBR (Ammonia), Stamicarbon (Urea
Melt) and Ho Fung (Urea Granulation).
It provided ‘Design Basis’ of Tarakandi where JFCL is located instead of Fenchugonj where SFP
would be built. Ho Fung did not have experience outside China and the process itself had
incorporated concepts of other processes without permission. This implies that there would
be legal problems if this technology is used in Bangladesh. COMPLANT did not mention the
version of processes for ammonia and urea melt to be used in SFP. Diagrams and documents
such as PFD, P&ID, process descriptions, material and energy balances, plot plan, guarantee
figures etc. had not been reviewed by process licensors. When COMPLANT was told about
various inconsistencies and incompleteness, it revised its technical proposals several times.
Following the discussion between BCIC and COMPLAMT during the period October 18, 2010
to December 13, 2010 process technologies, scope of works and supplies, plant configuration
etc. were settled. Processes selected were:
Ammonia : KBR Purifier ™ Process
Carbon Dioxide Removal : BASF aMDEA Process
Urea Melt : Stamicarbon Urea 2000 plus (Pool Reactor Process)
Urea Granulation : Stamicarbon Fluid Bed Granulation Process
The process air compressor of the ammonia plant would be Gas Turbine driven.
COMPLANT, at the request of BCIC, invited the process licensors KBR and Stamicarbon to
Dhaka for a meeting with BCIC seeking clarification of a wide range of issues. BCIC prepared
a set of questionnaires for the meeting with licensors. KBR and BCIC met on December 06 and
07, 2010 and responses from KBR for each point and question were recorded. A minute of
216
this meeting was signed by KBR and BCIC. Similarly, Stamicarbon and BCIC met on December
08 and 09, 2010 and responses from Stamicarbon for each point and question were recorded.
A minute of the meeting was signed between Stamicarbon and BCIC.
Both KBR and Stamicarbon mentioned that COMPLANT had no direct relationship with them
but they had licensed their processes through CHENGDA on a project-by-project basis and
they would deal with CHENGDA in the same way for SFP. CHENGDA was yet to execute any
Stamicarbon Pool Reactor plant and Granulation unit. As CHENGDA had experience of
building Stamicarbon’s Pool Condenser plant, Stamicarbon has full confidence in CHENGDA’s
ability and competence for engineering and construction of its Pool Reactor plant using its
engineering package. Both licensors disclosed the contents of the engineering package for
each process and what they would undertake as a part of basic engineering, detailed
engineering and review of detailed engineering to be completed by CHENGDA, review of
vendors’ drawings and documents as listed in licensing agreement. They also revealed that
they were yet to go through the technical proposals submitted to BCIC by COMPLANT. They
could do it if BCIC would sign a Secrecy Agreement to hold all information supplied
confidential. KBR sent to BCIC a format of the Secrecy Agreement and BCIC took more than
three months to sign and send the Secrecy Agreements to licensors because of misconceived
perception about the Secrecy Agreement.
The LSTK contract price agreed was US $ 580.19 million (Tk. 43,514.25 million) as follows:
a. Chinese Government Concessional Loan: US $ 235 million (Chinese Yuan 1.6 billion)
b. Exim Bank of China (Preferential Buyer’s Credit): US $ 325 million
c. Govt. of Bangladesh: US $ 20.19 (Tk. 1,514.25 million)
The local currency portion of Tk. 1,514.25 million of the LSTK price reflected transferring
certain works from SFP’s scope to GC’s scope. These works included: Construction of
Administration Building, Housing Colony, Medical Center, Mosque, Local Training by GC, etc.
If SFP builds Housing Colony COMPLANT cannot claim it.
BCIC and COMPLANT initialed the Draft Contract on the agreed LSTK price of US $ 580.19
million on September 28, 2011. When COMPLANT submitted its proposal, the LSTK price
quoted was US $ 665 million. The total project cost estimated by BCIC was Tk. 54,090 million
(US 721 million) consisting of agreed LSTK price and other related costs that include Working
Capital, Price Escalation and Contingency, Revenue Component, CD-VAT etc. Physical and
217
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
Price Contingency plus CD-VAT accounted for Tk. 9,899 million (US$ 132 million). A
breakdown of LSTK price under a broad heading is shown in Table below –
Breakdown of LSTK Price US $ RMB Y Tk.
a Site investigation and Survey 0.060
b Land Development for Plant Site 1.800
c Ammonia Unit 159.623 186.084 75.000
d Urea Unit (Melt and Granulation) 83.549 93.125
e Product Storage and Package 4.847 156.094
f Utilities and Offsites 14.295 955.120 69.000
g Construction Equipment 4.188
h Freight and Insurance 7.285 267.000
i Temporary Facilities 0.878
j Office Services 4.993 46.080
k Process Licensing, Engineering and Technical
Services
33.271 123.500
l Vendors’ Services 2.220
m Training (Foreign and Local) 1.038 9.227 267.000
n Vehicles for SFP 0.880 69.000
o Performance Test Runs and Start-up 2.600 12.932
p Spare Parts for 2-years Operation 3.473 23.838
q Construction of Housing Facilities for SFP 767.258*
TOTAL 325.000 1600.000 1514.250
* If BCIC performs it, COMPLANT cannot claim it.
218
The Contract between BCIC and COMPLANT was signed on December 11, 2011 with project
completion period of 38 months from the Effective Date of the Contract (EDC) to the issue
date of the Final Acceptance Certificate while the draft contract was initialed on September
28, 2011. It took more than four months to complete all formalities for the contract to be
legally effective. The effective date was April 16, 2012 and the project completion date thus
became June 15, 2015.
The configuration of SFP is as follows:
a. Ammonia Unit: 1000 tpd (It shall produce sufficient carbon dioxide for urea production)
b. Urea Melt Unit: 1760 tpd
c. Urea Granulation Unit: 1760 tpd
d. Ammonia (liquid) Product Storage Tank: 10,000 t at atmospheric pressure and -33 C
e. Bulk Urea Storage: 70,000 t
f. Bagged Urea Storage: 15,000 t
g. Boiler (natural gas fired): 75 t/hr, 2 units, steam pressure and temperature: 5 MPG,400C
h. Steam Turbine & Generator (STG): Turbine, 2 Units, MP steam 4.6 MPG and 400 C
Generator, 2 Units, Output 12 MW each, 6.3 kV, 3 phase, 50 Hz and pf 0.80
i. Water Intake: 1000 m3/hr
j. Water Treatment Plant: Input 1000 m3/hr, Project requirement
k. Cooling Water System
1. Ammonia Unit, Power Plant and Air Compressor: 15,330 m3/hr (5 cells)
2. Urea Unit: 9,200 m3/hr (3 cells)
l. Demineralization Unit
1. Demineralized Water: 120 m3/hr
2. Polished Water: 167 m3/hr
m. Instrument and Plant Air System: 3500 m3/hr
219
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
n. Inert Gas Generation Unit: 450 Nm3/hr of Nitrogen
o. Urea Handling
1. Reclaiming to Bagging Plant: 300 t/hr
2. Bagging Capacity: 240 t/hr
3. Bagged Urea Truck Loading Capacity: 300 t/hr
4. Facility for Train Loading: 2 Loading Machine
p. Emergency Diesel Generator: 1 MW, 400 V
q. Emergency Diesel Generator (Black Start): 1.8 MW, 6.3 kV
r. UPS: To meet the need of DCS and all instruments for 30 minutes when power fails
s. Stand-by Power from PDB: 10 MW, 132 kV
t. Polythene Bag Making Plant (liner): 36,400 bags per 24 hrs
u. Ammonia Bottling Plant: 50 kg bottles, 200 bottled/day
v. Natural Gas Metering Station inside the Plant B.L.
w. Jetty on the Bank of the Kushiara River: 300-500 tonnage transfer barge berthing
x. Major Buildings: Central Control Room, Technical, Laboratory, Workshops for
mechanical, electrical and instrument, Stores for spare parts, chemicals, insulation etc,
Fire Fighting, Control Rooms for Utilities and Offsite as required
y. All roads, drains, fence, slope protection and boundary walls within the Project B.L.
The plant layout has kept aside sufficient space for installing facilities for the production of
urea super granules at the rate of 300 t/day at the request of the Ministry of Agriculture.
220
The project milestones with reference to the Effective of the Contract (EDC) are listed below:
Project Milestone Month from EDC
Effective Date of Contract 0
Handover of the Land to GC 1
Kick-off Meeting 1
Land Development Start 2
Basic Engineering Design (BED)Start 2
Long Lead Equipment Inquiry 4-5
Basic Engineering Design Review Meeting 7-8
Land Development Finish 9
Piling Start 10
1st Lot Delivery at the Site 12
Civil Works Start 12
3-D model Review 15
Detailed Engineering Design Finish 19
Water Intake and Water Treatment Plant in Operation 24
Natural Gas Metering Station put into Operation 26
Demi-water Unit put into Operation 27
Power Plant Boilers (Auxiliary Boilers) put into Operation 28
Power Plant in Operation 29
Mechanical Completion 34
Pre-commissioning and Commissioning Start 34
Performance Test Runs 36
Final Plant Acceptance 38
221
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
Once the site for the project had been selected beside NGFF Complex, COMPLANT submitted
the Overall Plot Plan. Accordingly, SFP started to handover the site to COMPLANT and it could
not handover the entire land within one month from the effective date of the contract. The
last piece of the land (measuring 300 m by 80 m) where cooling towers and ammonia storage
tanks are located was handed over in March 2013 after dismantling existing housing colonies
and structures.
As per the contract COMPLANT would be entitled to an extension of project completion time
if the land could not be handed over within 45 days from EDC. COMPLANT throughout the
project implementation raised this issue of delay for the land handover in every monthly
progress report and asked for an extension of the project completion date. However, SFP
refused to take it into cognizance. This delay was due to inability of BCIC and the Ministry of
Industries to decide the fate of NGFF and its employees when the implementation of SFP had
begun. In March 2015, it was decided to close down NGFF and absorb its personnel in SFP as
appropriate.
COMPLANT submitted its working paper for the KOM, which was to be held in Dhaka with the
participation of SFP, BCIC, COMPLANT, CHENGADA and Process Licensors KBR and
Stamicarbon in April 2012 before the contract became effective. The KOM began on April 17,
2012 while the contract became effective on April 16, 2012. COMPLANT failed to get the
Process Licensors to the meeting.
Issues to be covered in the KOM proposed by COMPLANT included:
Review of Overall Plot Plan
Schedule of Land Handover
Tie-in points of B.L. for gas, electricity, water and others based on the Plot Plan
Description and Sizing of Utilities and Offsite
Design Basis for Civil Engineering
Project Schedule
Progress Approval Procedure
Project Coordination Procedure
Organization and responsibilities of the parties involved in the project
222
However, the KOM was held covering the following:
Project Scope
Goals and Deliverables
Project Site
Project Assumptions
Project Organization
Key Success Factors
Project Reporting and Document Control
Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Environment, Health and Safety (HSE)
Overall Plot Plan
SFP and COMPLANT agreed to hold discussions in parallel by forming five groups covering
following areas:
Group-A: Plot Plan and Civil Construction
Group-B: Ammonia, Urea Melt and Urea Granulation
Group-C: Utilities and Offsite
Group-D: Project Management
Group-E: Project Management and Coordination
Meetings were held on April 16-19 and 25-26, 2012. It was CHENGDA who provided resource
personnel for each of these groups and completed discussions, while COMPLANT’s input was
limited. Absence of Process Licensors left many grey areas regarding the relationship and
involvement of Process Licensors with SFP/BCIC. The Licensors failed SFP/BCIC during the
execution phase by not responding to SFP/BCIC’s queries and clarifications contrary to what
they had agreed in the meetings with them in December 2010 during the evaluation of
COMPLANT’s proposal.
The overall plot plan was reviewed and approved for planning purpose. However, COMPLANT
asked for additional space on the north-eastern side and it was agreed to extend the length
towards the north-south direction by about 80 meters. While discussing the construction type
of ammonia storage tank COMPLANT explained that its proposal was based one 10,000 t tank
223
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
of single wall type construction. Construction type could not be resolved as SFP had insisted
on a Double Wall-type construction. COMPLANT agreed to obtain quotations for spare rotors
for major compressors and turbines while placing orders with the vendors to facilitate BCIC
to purchase these as optional items.
COMPLANT agreed to submit Licensing Agreements to SFP as early as possible, but it did not
hand over the copies of these agreements for months even after the signing of the
agreements that did not stipulate BCIC’s relationships with Licensors. This was a breach of
understanding reached by BCIC with individual process licensor and CHENGDA in December
2010. This shall be a lesson for the future projects in Bangladesh. If the OWNER is to have a
relationship with the licensors, it shall be a party to the licensing agreements by stipulating
the obligations of the Licensors to Owner.
A Basic Engineering Design (BED) Review Meeting took place at the Home Office of CHENGDA
in Chengdu, China from November 05 to 16, 2012. As part of preparation for BED review
meeting COMPLANT submitted to SFP a number of Engineering Specifications, Plot Plan, BED
of Offsite and Utilities plus Process Design Package of Process Licensors (compiled by
CHENGDA as its BED for ammonia, urea melt and urea granulation plants) just few days before
the departure of SFP’s team for Chengdu. The SFP team did not have time to go through these
documents in Dhaka. Personnel from KBR and Stamicarbon participated in BED review
meeting. Stamicarbon informed that it had not reviewed the BED documents submitted by
CHENGDA and it would review these upon returning to the Netherlands. Stamicarbon asked
CHENGDA to incorporate its comments in the BED documents prepared by CHENGDA and
thereafter, CHENGDA would submit these documents to SFP. But CHENGDA did not submit
these reviewed documents to SFP duly.
Stamicarbon pointed out that CHENGDA had no previous experience of engineering
Stamicarbon’s Urea Pool Reactor and also Urea Granulation Process. As a result, Stamicarbon
itself would complete detailed engineering of Urea Pool Reactor and Urea Granulation Unit
including necessary procurement of proprietary equipment and materials.
KBR during the meeting submitted its recommendations of design margin for its ammonia
process and plant equipment. KBR also informed that equipment design would have built-in
margin following API or KBR design standards. For non-critical equipment COMPLANT would
use Chinese standards as mentioned in the contract.
It was agreed that the ammonia storage tank capacity would be 10,000 t and decision
remained pending whether the tank would be single wall or double wall. It would be decided
in Dhaka before December 15, 2012.
224
BEDs for utilities, offsites and buildings were reviewed. Necessary feedbacks from SFP were
provided to the engineers of CHENGDA as it became evident that the engineers of CHENGDA
had failed to fully understand and appreciate the basis for the design of different utilities and
offsites with respect to capacity, duty, margins and strategy for operation. These engineers
were not in Dhaka during the negotiation and SFP’s requirements were not correctly placed
to them.
CHENGDA provided a list of Chinese codes and standards to be used in the project for
equipment, machinery and materials to be procured from China. It did not provide these
codes and standards to SFP immediately.
The overall plot plan submitted for review had already been extended on the east side. The
plot plan looked satisfactory from the viewpoint of B.L.s of process plants, control room,
utilities, ammonia storage tank, flares, urea storage facilities, workshops and other plant
related buildings. The layout appeared to be well-spaced and compact. The plot plant on the
bank of the river Kushiara showing temporary jetty, water intake station, water treatment
plant and transfer pumps was reviewed and COMPLANT proposed to finalize it by the end of
December 2012. COMPLANT in fact did not build the temporary jetty on the river bank.
In order to conduct BED review meetings, independent groups worked in parallel covering
processes, utilities and offsites, equipment and machinery, control systems, power
generation and distribution, plot plan, civil construction, buildings, storage and material
handling, roads/pavements/drainage etc. This arrangement was satisfactory and workable.
After the meeting at Chengdu, the team visited a number of facilities for manufacturing
compressors, turbines, pressure vessels and heat exchangers. The team also visited the
JienFeng ammonia-urea complex at Chongqing. The ammonia unit is based on KBR’s Purifier
Process and its process air compressor is GT driven like SFP. The unit has a horizontal ammonia
converter and proprietary cold box (Purifier) and its production capacity is 1500 tpd ammonia,
which is fed to the urea plant having production capacity of 2700 tpd prilled urea. The urea
unit uses Stamicarbon’s Urea 2000PlusTM Pool Condenser process. The complex has two
single wall ammonia storage tanks with capacity of 5000 t each. The complex had problems
with the cold box of ammonia unit and the plant often operated by by-passing the cold box.
The layout of the complex is compact. CHENGDA had undertaken the engineering of this
complex. SFP’s operating personnel were trained at this complex while personnel from this
complex were brought to SFP for commissioning its plants.
COMPLANT was alone responsible for the procurement of all equipment, machinery,
materials, supplies, spare parts, tools, services and package units for the project. It worked
225
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
independently. It followed a set procedure for its procurement activities. A Request for
Quotation (RFQ) would include:
Enquiry letter
Instruction to bidders
General terms and conditions
Inspection instruction
Packaging and transportation instruction
Technical specification (Material Requirement (MR) prepared with complete description and
drawing, quantity, quality and services required)
Proprietary and critical equipment, supplies and units were procured from the approved
vendors listed in the contract. In the case of Chinese vendors, a certificate from the end user
was required stating five years of successful operation and the certificates were not
submitted for some vendors. COMPLANT did not submit the technical specifications for each
procurement to SFP and this made it difficult to understand the scope of supply by the
vendors including spare parts. Procurement documents such as General Terms and
Conditions, Inspection Instruction, and Packaging and Transportation Instruction complied
with requirements of the signed contract.
COMPLANT placed a purchase order for the auxiliary boilers with a non-approved vendor,
Beijing Boiler Works (BBW) without the approval of SFP. When asked to provide the proven
experience of BBW, it could not produce any document to prove its experience of supplying
natural gas fired boilers generating steam at the rate of 75 t/hr at 5 MPaG and 400 C. It
became fait accompli for SFP/BCIC who approved BBW as vendor for boilers on December 11,
2013 while the purchase order had been placed on December 12, 2012. The approved list
included 12 vendors for boilers. The purchase order with BBW was placed for two boilers
generating 85 t/hr steam at 5 MPaG and 400 C. When the boilers were installed, the
nameplates read steam generation rate 75 t/hr. SFP and BCIC swallowed this outrageous
exception mysteriously. When brought to the notice of Vice-President of COMPLANT, there
was no response.
COMPLANT procured catalysts for Shift Converters (HTS and LTS) from Chinese vendors who
were not listed in the approved vendors’ list of KBR. SFP’s disapproval was ignored by
COMPLANT while KBR remained unconcerned.
Inspection at the vendors’ shop during the manufacturing stages of equipment and supplies
is an important activity for quality assurance; and both the GC (COMPLANT/CHENGDA) and
226
Owner (SFP) were expected to be physically present to witness tests and examination as per
QA/QC program. The contract between BCIC and COMPLANT as well as the contracts between
VENDORS and COMPLANT clearly stipulated that both COMPLANT and the vendors would
inform SFP the schedule of inspection at least three weeks ahead of actual inspection or test
date. COMPLANT failed to notify SFP the inspection schedule in time. COMPLANT did not
submit the vendor shop inspection dossiers with shipping documents or with the
consignments. The situation did not change in spite of reporting to COMPLANT’s senior
management in Beijing. SFP’s appointed Third Party Inspector, TUV could complete inspection
on 55 of its assigned jobs out of 213. The situation was difficult with vendors from China; and
SFP was frustrated and disappointed.
The total number of consignments shipped to Bangladesh up to January 29, 2016 was 146 and
the first consignment consisting of underground cooling water pipes reached Bangladesh in
November 2012. Consignments came from Europe, Japan, USA and China. These were
delivered to Chittagong and Mongla ports. Not a single consignment or a container of any
consignment was miss-shipped or lost. This is an incredible achievement by COMPLANT.
At the proposal stage COMPLANT proposed two atmospheric liquid ammonia storage tanks
with capacity of 3800 t each, having a total capacity of 7600 t. The signed contract stipulated
for one 10,000 t capacity tank. SFP asked for double wall construction while
COMPLANT/CHENGDA insisted on single wall type construction.
At the BED meeting, it was agreed that construction type and holding capacity of 10000 t
whether in one or two tanks would be settled in Dhaka. This issue was placed before the
meeting of the Steering Committee of SFP held on December 12, 2012 and it was agreed to
have two ammonia storage tanks each holding 5000 t and of single wall construction following
API-620 (latest edition) for design and construction. CHENGDA proposed to use equivalent
Chinese Standards for materials of construction. These two tanks were field fabricated by
China National Chemical Engineering No. 7 Construction Company Ltd. The tanks were placed
inside a dyke with a partition wall to divide the dyke into two, one for each tank. KBR had no
reservation about the construction type whether double wall or single wall.
16. Installation of Customer Metering Station (CMS)
The Customer Metering Station (CMS) for regulating the natural gas flow to the users, in this
case SFP, was supposed to be built by Petrobangla’s designated Gas Distribution Company,
Jalalabad Gas Transmission and Distribution Co. Ltd. (JGTDCL) as per permission letter issued
to BCIC/SFP. The CMS is used to meter the gas flow to the customer and bill per this meter
reading/measurement. It had been Petrobangla’s practice for many decades to build/install
227
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
the CMS by its designated Gas Distribution Company while the entire costs are borne by the
customer by placing funds to Petrobangla or its company in advance. The permission letter of
Petrobangla stated the same procedure. The ownership of CMS lies with the Gas Company
who operates and maintains the station. with the influx of gas based rental power companies,
independent power producers and other industrial customers the Gas Companies have of late
introduced the concept of ‘Building CMS by Customers Themselves’ while the Gas Companies
are to be paid for their services equal to 10% of the cost of CMS.
SFP’s willingness to accept the responsibility for building its CMS instead of JGTDCL was
suicidal as it failed to build CMS on schedule. The contractor for CMS was selected after two
failed tenders. SFP signed a contract with the CMS contractor in May 2015 while as per the
contract signed between BCIC and COMPLANT the natural gas would have been available
before June 15, 2014 (after 26th month from EDC). Actual commissioning of CMS took place
on February 25, 2017 almost twenty months behind the contracted completion time.
In order to meet the deadline for availing natural gas to SFP’s battery limit, SFP and JGTDCL
resorted to building a temporary Regulatory Metering Station (RMS) and it was in operation
from May 2015. However, natural gas was made available to SFP in January 2015 for pre-
commissioning activities through alternative pipelines from the NGFF system before the
construction of the temporary RMS.
COMPLANT used this delay for CMS and temporary RMS as an excuse for extending project
completion time.
As soon as the erection and construction of a section or unit had been completed, COMPLANT
requested SFP to participate in mechanical completion. But COMPLANT did not provide SFP
with Mechanical Completion Procedure as scheduled in spite of repeated reminders.
However, SFP personnel participated in the program but when COMPLANT asked for the
mechanical completion certificate, it did not submit the necessary punch list or report of
actual findings of the program signed by the participants in the work from SFP and
COMPLANT. This led to a delay in processing COMPLANT’s application for mechanical
completion certificate. Both COMPLANT and CHENGDA failed to appreciate SFP’s intention of
undertaking mechanical completion work according to good engineering practice. Instead,
they took it as hit-or-miss work. The problems encountered during start-up and
commissioning with Natural Gas (feed) Compressor, Carbon Dioxide Compressor, Methanator
Feed-Effluent Cooler, CO2 – Recovery Unit, Urea Granulators, Auxiliary Boilers, and Process
Air Compressor etc. were related to mechanical completion as well as changes made during
detailed engineering by ignoring Licensor’s BED. Moreover, COMPLANT attempted to hasten
the completion of the project as its progress had been behind the schedule. This created more
problems for the start-up personnel from CHENGDA and Jiangfeng as they were yet to be
228
conversant with the machinery installed. They ignored start-up and operating procedures of
vendors including safety matters. When the problems had started to multiply the start-up
team from CHENGDA became nervous and they changed their strategy to proceed with
caution and step by step.
As soon as natural gas had become available to SFP at the rate of 16 MMSCFD through the
temporary line from the NGFF system from January 24, 2015 COMPLANT initiated start-up of
the units that required natural gas. Full requirement of natural gas became available in May,
2015 from the newly built temporary RMS.
As the start-up progressed problems were encountered with auxiliary boilers and these were
related to foundation of boilers, undersize coupling for FD Fan and motor, and motor
operated valves etc. Problems were faced with steam turbine generators and these were
related to controllers, governors and valves.
After the elimination of the problems with boilers and STG, the commissioning of ammonia
unit was started. Problems were found with Process Feed Gas Compressor, Methanator Feed-
Effluent Cooler and Plate Exchanger in CO2-Recovery Section. Though the first drop of
ammonia was produced on August 03, 2015 at 06.15 am, the plant could not operate above
70% of the rated capacity. At the same time when urea melt unit was started, problems were
encountered with CO2-Compressor. These problems were identified by opening the casings
and eliminated by the middle of September. The first urea granule was dropped on conveyor
belt on September 20, 2015 at 07:30 pm. Due to the problems in the ammonia unit with Feed
Gas Compressor and Methanator Feed-Effluent Cooler, the plant load of ammonia unit could
not be raised above 70% which meant that the urea melt unit could not operate above 70%
capacity. These defects were eliminated by the respective vendors through modifications by
the end of the first week of November 2015. The ammonia unit was then brought on stream
on November 08, 2015. The ammonia unit during the period from August 03 to November 07,
2015 produced 7,913 t ammonia while during the period from September 20 to October 04,
2015 the total granular urea produced was 8,930 t measured by the Belt Weighing Scale.
The contract stipulated that PGTR would be preceded by successful completion of:
Steady operation of the whole complex for at least seven days on a safe and continuous basis
Demonstration operation of the whole complex for at least 10 days uninterrupted at
minimum 90% load keeping all units running
229
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
After successful completion of (a) and (b), the General Contractor would undertake
Performance Tests of:
Ammonia Unit for three days
Urea Melt and Granulation Units for three days
Overall Complex for ten days,
without any interruption; and performance tests of the offsites and utilities would be
completed as per design. Table below lists these operations and tests.
List of Different Types Operations leading to PGTR of the Complex
Operation Duration
1. Steady Operation of Whole Complex 7 days at least
2. Demonstration Operation of Whole Complex at 90%
Load (minimum) with all units running without interruption
10 days at least
3. PGTR of Ammonia Unit 3 days
4. PGTR of Urea Melt and Granulation Units 3 days
5. PGTR of the Overall Complex 10 days
6. Performance Tests of Offsites and Utilities 3 days
a. Raw Water Supply 3 days
b. Raw Water Treatment 3 days
c. Demineralization 3 days
d. Cooling Water System 3 days
e. Steam Generation and Distribution 3 days
f. Power Generation and Distribution 3 days
g. Instrument and Plant Air System 3 days
h. Nitrogen Generation System 3 days
Wastewater Treatment System 3 days
7. Demonstration of the Design Capacity
230
Natural Gas System
Ammonia Storage Tanks
Bulk Product Handling and Storage
Urea Bagging and Bagged Storage
Polyethylene Bag Making plant 24 hrs.
COMPLANT claimed that the operation since commissioning of Ammonia and Urea Units up
to October 04, 2015 would be treated as a steady operation. Unfortunately, due to various
problems with plant equipment the complex failed to operate above 70% capacity and
suffered many interruptions. The load of the complex could be raised above 70% after
November 07, 2015 when the defects in Ammonia Unit were eliminated. During the period
up to November 07, 2015 the operation of the complex as well as production of granular urea
and ammonia were interrupted several times and capacity remained below 70%.
The 10–day Demonstration Operation of the Complex uninterrupted at minimum 90%
capacity that started from November 14, 2015 was interrupted twice for 28 hrs 34 mins in
total due to problem with CO2 Compressor Turbine (7 hrs 10 mins) and total blackout for the
outage two STGS one after another (21 hrs 24 mins). COMPLANT did not consider these two
stoppages as interruption.
Since the interruptions occurred after seven days of operation (on November 22 and 24),
COMPLANT attempted a fresh 3-day Demonstration Run from November 25 but failed to
complete it due to interruption on November 27 for 3 hrs 30 mins while capacity achieved
was below 90%.
During the Demonstration Operation of the complex COMPLANT/CHENGDA along with
Stamicarbon carried out 3-day PGTR for Urea Melt and Urea Granulation Units from
November 15, 2015 (9.00 hrs) to November 18 (9.00 hrs.). The 3-day PGTR for Ammonia Unit
was carried out from November 19 (9.00 hrs.) to November 22, 2015 (9.00 hrs) by
COMPLANT/CHENGDA along with KBR. SFP’s personnel were not involved in these 3-day
PGTRs. Personnel from Stamicarbon and KBR did not meet SFP personnel nor did they discuss
the results of PGTR with them. This was an unexpected and weired behavior by the process
licensor as if the COMPLANT and CHENGDA owned SFP.
COMPLANT/CHENGDA started the 10-day Overall Performance Tests from November 29,
2015 (00.00 hr). The complex suffered four interruptions resulting in the stoppage of urea
granule production on November 30 (1 hr 47 mins.), December 02 (30 mins), December 02
(30 mins) and December 03 (3 hrs 30 mins). SFP rejected this 10-day Over-all Performance
Tests on the ground of interruptions and wrong reading by Belt Weighing Scale for measuring
231
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
urea production. It was discovered that though the scale was calibrated, the zero-setting
altered upward showing more production against actual bagged product by about 5.5 to 6.8%.
Actual consumption of ammonia for producing the product urea granules had confirmed this
and calculation showed that ammonia consumption was less than the stoichiometric
requirement for the urea produced recorded by the Belt Weighing Scale.
SFP’s rejection of 10–day overall Performance Tests for production stoppage and erroneous
reading by Weighing Belt Scale, stalemate arose between SFP and COMPLANT. COMPLANT
asked for the intervention of the Ministry of Industry. At the meeting held on December 14
and 15, 2015 with the Secretary of MoI in the chair, it was agreed that the GC would undertake
a 7-day Uninterrupted Operation of the Complex by direct bagging of granular urea at 100%
capacity. If this 7-day uninterrupted operation would be fulfilled SFP would accept the reports
on 10–day Demonstration Run, 3-day PGTR and completed 10-day Overall Performance Test
results, and issue the Final Acceptance Certificate.
Accordingly, COMPLANT completed the “7-day Uninterrupted Production by Direct Bagging
of Granular Urea” during the period from January 10 (14:30 hrs) to January 17, 2016 (14: 30
hrs) by following an agreed procedure. This operation was interrupted for 15 hrs 33 min due
to failure of SFP to provide laborers for removing urea bags from the conveyor belt coming to
the bagged storage area. Many of those engaged in the test run suspected this failure of SFP
to be a planned sabotage to help COMPLANT. During this period of 15 hrs 33 mins granular
urea produced was diverted to the bulk storage. This operation showed that average daily
production of ammonia 1011.98 t and that for granular urea 1774.85 t while daily average
daily production by direct bagging was 1775.29 t.
After examination and evaluation of all the reports related to Demonstration Operation, PGTR
for 3 days, Overall Performance Tests for 10 days and 7–day Uninterrupted Operation by
direct bagging of urea, SFP decided to accept the reports in spite of limitations and questions.
Since some of the works and issues were yet to be settled and supplies to be delivered by
COMPLANT, it was decided that the General Contractor would be issued a Provisional
Acceptance Certificate with effect from February 29, 2016 though there was no such provision
in the Contract. This was done without imposing liquidated damage of any kind.
SFP’s own preparation for managing and preserving documents of the project was poor. It
failed to build its library for preserving documents submitted by COMPLANT. This was a willful
negligence and not ignorance.
232
on the other hand, COMPLANT had never realized that documentation is the vehicle for
transfer of technology for SFP to operate, maintain and make modifications of the project.
Documents prepared and submitted by COMPLANT and CHENGDA were often found to be
not organized and consistent as these were translation of originals in Chinese. These lacked
careful editing and compilation, thereby failing to meet their objectives. Documents from
some Chinese vendors prepared in Chinese language were not even translated for SFP.
Documents such as Process Design Package (PDP), specifications and procedures submitted
by Process Licensors were well prepared and comprehensive. Similarly, documents by
vendors/manufacturers from Europe, USA and Japan were organized and comprehensible,
thus meeting the requirements of SFP.
SFP repeatedly requested COMPLANT to improve the quality of documentation and to follow
the document samples provided by SFP. The situation did not improve. SFP was apprehensive
of such a situation while going through the documentation of technical proposals but it could
not foresee that things would be so bad.
Submission of documents by COMPLANT was not as per contractual schedules and repeated
reminders had no effect.
Since the completion of JFCL in 1992, BCIC had been eager and serious to build one new grass-
roots ammonia-urea complex of the size of CUFL/JFCL at a place close to NGFF for its
replacement. The problem was finding a funding source. When the funds from China with the
Chinese General Contractor, COMPLANT has become available, BCIC looked nervous as it did
not have confidence in the competence Chinese GC as well as the equipment and materials
from China. A section of BCIC personnel who were supposed to implement SFP distanced
themselves from the project. Many important and responsible people in the decision-making
process did not believe that SFP would ever produce urea. They openly said that heads would
roll in SFP/BCIC for its failure.
Right from the start when COMPLANT had submitted its proposal in September 2010, BCIC
failed to appoint key personnel as a core team consisting of Project Director (permanent),
Construction Manager, Procurement Manager, Lead Engineers for processes, utilities, civil,
mechanical, electrical, instruments and controls, inspection, HSE etc. BCIC and SFP never had
a core team consisting of experienced personnel throughout the implementation of the
project. SFP thus failed itself and BCIC to get the project grasped technologically. The twenty-
year gap between JFCL and SFP created a big hole in the mindset of BCIC to appreciate and
visualize the interlinked aspects of implementing a complex project like SFP as well as
technological advances made.
233
Plenary Lecture 1 – Full Paper
The top management of BCIC and SFP were infected with ‘Chair Syndrome’ virus and behaved
like a mediaeval Sultan who acts as if he rules half the planet. They were not sure what they
are up to. They were used to change their decisions continuously without assigning reasons.
This was too much for the morale of the SFP personnel on the ground. SFP’s PD was flexible
and accommodating in order to get the project completed by pleasing concerned and
unconcerned people including the GC. What else could PD do, given the context of
Bangladesh?
BCIC appointed EIL (Engineers India Ltd) about eighteen months in the project
implementation to assist SFP. BCIC had failed to realize that in the aided projects of the World
Bank, Asian Development Bank, OECEF (Japan), IMF, CIDA etc., there is a requirement by the
financers to engage consultants appointed by them to oversee the project implementation
on their behalf. Examples are: AFCL, CUFL, JFCL, and ERL. SFP and BCIC should evaluate the
contribution of EIL to the project for justifying its appointment.
China has a large technological base and capacity for producing ammonia and urea fertilizer.
In China, there are 29 large plants with annual production capacity of 300,000 t ammonia
each, 52 medium size plants with annual production of 60.000 t – 180,000t ammonia and
120,000 t – 300,000 t urea each and more than 500 small plants producing annually less than
60,000 t ammonia each. The shares of production of urea by large, medium and small plants
are 31.5%, 17.9% and 50.6% respectively. Raw materials for production of ammonia are coal
(65%), natural gas (28%) and heavy oil (7%).
Besides its indigenous process technologies and equipment, China in the past fifty years has
endeavored to license and acquire all process technologies for ammonia using different raw
materials and urea production as well as to manufacture plant equipment and machinery by
allowing subsidiaries to be established in China by all reputed manufacturers from all over the
world. Through adaptation, absorption and innovation, the ammonia-urea industry has
matured into a Chinese form that suits local conditions and needs as well as to be reliable and
cost-effective. Therefore, there are no valid grounds to doubt the competence of a successful
EPC Contractor and proven equipment and materials from China.
The Chinese people are hospitable and polished. They are serious, sincere and well meaning.
Language is not a stumbling block for conducting business with them. They value long term
business relationships.
Since they have developed their technological base through innovation, adaptation,
absorption, applied research and applications, they are proud of their competence and
capability. They are unwilling to accept your unfounded criticism and you better not hurt their
pride.
234
COMPLANT throughout the implementation of SFP took full advantage of the weaknesses of
the Bangladeshis’ character and integrity by compromising SFP’s interest.
SFP has once again reinforced:
Lack of commitment is counterproductive for a project.
Inadequate preparation without a core team fails the objectives of the adaptation and
transfer of technology in an engineering project.
Frequent changes in top management undermine the continuity and philosophy for
implementing a complex project like SFP.
Documentation shall be prioritized for supporting the future projects.
Do not believe in hearsay.
Do not be a judge on matters that you do not know or understand little or not at all.
Maintain integrity and do not sell your soul.
___________________________________________________________________________
The author has used information available with him collected over many years and during the
implementation of SFP.
235
236
