18529029 Salman Making Biogas Project

8/2/2019 18529029 Salman Making Biogas Project

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Kingdom of Bahrain

Ministry of Education

The GLOBE program

Sh. Abdul Aziz Bin Mohammed Boys Secondary School

Done by: Salman Abdulhameed Bucheeri

All rights reserved; no part of this production may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,

transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher


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Abstract:

Biogas is a flammable gas. It used to heat

and light homes, to cook, and even to fuel buses.

The energy that the bio-gas produces is called bio-

energy.

Biogas is usually produced in mammals asthey digest their food. Biogas is also produced in

bogs and wetlands where large amounts of rotting

vegetation may accumulate.

Biogas consists mostly of a gas called

methane, which is the same as "natural gas",commonly burned in our furnaces and barbecues.

Biogas can be used instead of natural gas for

heating and cooking, and instead of petrol in some

certain vehicles.

Due to theimportance of the

biogas, humans have

learned to duplicate this

process in large tanks

called biogas generators.

A simple method inbuilding the biogas

generator will be shown

in this report.

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Hypothesis:

Earth needs a new source of energy. People

have been using oil and gas for almost decades, and

since oil and gas need around million of years to

form, the amount of oil and gas is decreasing day

after day.

Ethanol and methanol are alcohols that can

be made from plant fibers. Alcohol is produced by

feeding plant materials into a large heated tank

(Digesters). Inside the digesters, chemicals are

added in order to change the plants materials into

alcohol (ethanol and methanol).

Both ethanol and methanol make excellent

fuels for cars and trucks. In fact ethanol is used in

the engines for Formula 1 racing cars. Ethanol

burns very cleanly and delivers more power than

gasoline.

Another way for

producing a flammable gas is

the mammals, including the

human. Bacteria living in their

digestive system (Escherichia

coli) produce methane as they

break down cellulose present

in the food. The produced gas

(methane) is called biogas.

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Escherichia coli


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Biogas is also produced in bogs and

wetlands where large amounts of rotting vegetation

may accumulate.

Humans have duplicated this process in

large tanks called biogas generator. Plant materialsand animal wastes are mixed with water in the

biogas generator; the plant materials will provide

many kinds of bacteria. The tank is then sealed.

And within days a special kind of bacteria

(methanogenic) will begin to produce biogas

(methane).

Another source of biogas is landfills. At the

landfill site, large mounds of garbage are buried

under the surface. Bacteria break some of the

garbage down and can produce large amounts of

biogas.

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Animal waste + Plants = BIOGAS


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Research method:

In this project an eighteen liter watercontainer is used as the digester. A mixture of water

and animal manure will generate the methane,

which will be collected in a plastic balloon. The

eighteen liter water container performs the same

task as the stomach of a livestock animal by

providing the warm, wet conditions favored by thebacteria that make the methane.

The apparatus:

Materials:

Eighteen liter water container

Large Mylar helium balloon

Copper tubing

Vinyl tubing

T connecter

Ball valve 6-8L manure pellets (goat, sheep, llama,

rabbit, or other ruminant)

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Preparing the biogas collection system:

Insert the copper tubing in the Mylarballoon. Then securely tape the neck of

the balloon to the tube.

Fix the T connector in the bottles cap.

Add few drops of hot glue around the T

connector in order to seal it. Cut two sections of vinyl tubing, each

25cm long. Use them to connect the

balloon to the T connector, and to connect

the ball valve to the T connector.

Assemble the rest of the gas collection

system according to the diagram below.

Preparing the manure mixture:

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Insert the manure in the bottle. Add enough water to bring the level close

to the top of the water bottle.

Use the stick to stir up the manure and

water mixture, releasing any bubbles of air

that might be trapped.

Final set-up:

Snap the cap onto the top of the

manure-filled 18 liter water bottle.

Be sure the ball valve is closed, but thatgas moving from the water bottle can

pass freely through the T-adapter to the

balloon.

Set the biogas generator in a warm

location, such as over a heat register orradiator or in a sunlit window. If the

biogas generator is placed in a window,

be sure to wrap the outside of the

container in black plastic or

construction paper, to discourage algae

from growing inside the bottle.

Data summary:

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For the first few weeks, the biogasgenerator will produce mainly carbon dioxide.

When the aerobic bacteria use up all the oxygen

inside the bottle, the anaerobic bacteria, which

make methane, can take over. It can take up to a

month for the generator to start making biogas with

enough methane to be flammable.

Biogas can be easily made, even at ones

house. One will not need to use natural gas; one

can make ones own gas in the backyard.

The bigger the generator, the larger theamount of biogas produced. Therefore, this project

could be practiced on a wide scale in farms, and

produce large amounts of gas.

Bibliography:

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http://www.ees.adelaide.edu.au/ ( Facultyof Science School of Earth &

Environmental Sciences) http://www.methanol.org/ (Methanol

Institute) http://www.greenfuels.org/ (Canadian

Renewable Fuels Association) http://www.pembina.org/ (The Pembina

Institute for Appropriate Development) http://www.agen.ufl.edu/ (Agricultural &

Biological Engineering) http://www.seedtree.org/biogas.html

(Biogas) http://web.idrc.ca/panasia / (Pan Asia

Networking) http://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/bio

gas.html (Biogas in The Modern World) http://www.biogas.co.uk/ (Biogas

Technology Ltd) http://diggy.ruc.dk/handle/1800/363 (The

Development of Biogas Technology in

Denmark: Achievements & Obstacles) http://www.ganesha.co.uk/Articles/Biogas

%20Technology%20in%20India.htm(Biogas in India)

A special Thanks To:

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http://www.ees.adelaide.edu.au/http://www.greenfuels.org/http://www.pembina.org/http://www.seedtree.org/biogas.htmlhttp://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/biogas.htmlhttp://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/biogas.htmlhttp://diggy.ruc.dk/handle/1800/363http://www.ganesha.co.uk/Articles/Biogas%20Technology%20in%20India.htmhttp://www.ganesha.co.uk/Articles/Biogas%20Technology%20in%20India.htmhttp://www.ees.adelaide.edu.au/http://www.greenfuels.org/http://www.pembina.org/http://www.seedtree.org/biogas.htmlhttp://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/biogas.htmlhttp://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/biogas.htmlhttp://diggy.ruc.dk/handle/1800/363http://www.ganesha.co.uk/Articles/Biogas%20Technology%20in%20India.htmhttp://www.ganesha.co.uk/Articles/Biogas%20Technology%20in%20India.htm


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H.E.Dr. Majid Bin Ali Al Nuaimi (The

Minister of Education)

Mrs. Zakeya Ahmed Ali (GLOBEBahrain, Regional coordinator)

Mr. Hassan Taradah (GLOBE head-

teacher in Sh. Abdul Aziz Bin

Mohammed Al-Khalifa Boys Secondary

school)

My Family and friends.

Yours truly,

Salman Abdulhameed Bucheeri

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18529029 Salman Making Biogas Project