1754-1800 APUSH Period 3

Key Concept 3.1 Review

Key Concept 3.1 British attempts to assert tighter control over its North American colonies and the colonial

resolve to pursue self-government led to a colonial independence movement and the Revolutionary War.Key Concept 3.2:

The American Revolution’s democratic and republican ideas inspired new experiments with different forms of government.

Key Concept 3.3Key Concept 3.3 – Migration(BYE BYE BYE) within North America, cooperative interaction and

competition for resources raised questions about boundaries and policies, intensified conflicts among peoples and nations, and led to contests over the creation of a multiethnic,

multiracial national identity.(Proud to be an American!)

Periodization questions

• Why 1754? French and Indian War starts(AKA the Seven Years War) and Britain is going to win big…but at an enormous financial cost.

• Why 1800? • Was 1754 a turning point for American history?

Why or why not? Is there a better Tpoint for beginning the revolution?

• Was 1800 a turning point for American history? Why or why not?

“British attempts to assert tighter control over its North American colonies and the colonial resolve to pursue self-government led to a colonial independence movement and the

Revolutionary War.”

Big Idea Questions: Why did the British try to assert tighter control over its North American Colonies?How did they attempt to do this?How did the colonists react?

Key Concept 3.1, I• “The competition among the British, French, and American Indians for economic

and political advantage in North America culminated in the Seven Years’ War (the French and Indian War), in which Britain defeated France and allied American Indians.” - Page 36 of the Curriculum Framework

• A) What led to British-French conflict, and what were the impacts?– Causes:

• Expansion of British colonists into the interior of North America (Ohio Valley)• Iroquois allied with the British

– The French were removed from North America – lost a trading partner– British colonists expanded on to native land

• Pontiac’s Rebellion -> Proclamation Line of 1763

Britain wins the war and loads of territory

• Salutary neglect ends. • Does Pontiac’s rebellion(1763) lead to--The

Proclamation line of 1763. Some say yes, some say no.

• Most historians today think the answer is no, but Pontiac’s rebellion is illustrative of the danger to frontier settlers. (Pontiac and his coalition were unhappy with their former British allies post war policies so they attacked British forts.)

Pontiac’s Rebellion-ends with a treaty in 1766. Pontiac is killed by another

warrior 3 years later

Two unfriendly Georges

Prime Minister George Grenville King George III

British Goal: Consolidate Imperial Control

• Sugar Act (1764) meant to raise revenue• Navigation acts now strictly enforced

• Smugglers tried in Vice Admiralty courts (no juries!)

More Consolidation of British imperial control

• Quartering Act (1765) Colonists required to provide food and shelter for soldiers.

The STAMP ACT (1765) First direct tax just for colonists on legal documents and paper

Stamp act led to:

1. House of Burgesses issues the– Virginia Resolves and Patrick Henry gets rowdy!2. Stamp Act Congress meets in New York3. Sons Of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty

*Organize Boycotts (Samuel Adams) *Tar and Feather People

Stamp Act is Repealed

1767 Townshend Acts—Named after Charles Townshend (new head of exchequer). Tax on paper, tea, glass and other goods

Also Townshend Acts paid for royal commissioners in colonies(more loyal to British) AND

Writs of assistance issued to search for stolen goods. (no warrant, no privacy)

Resistance to Townshend Acts

• 1. John Dickinson “Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania” no taxation without representation– England says “virtual representation” is enough

Resistance: Boycotting British Goods

• Daughters of Liberty—spinning bees to make own clothes

• Nonimportation and non consumption agreements.

• The Townshend Acts are then….

REPEALED!

March 5 1770 The Boston Massacre

• Crispus Attucks• Paul Revere• John Adams

defends the soldiers in trial

• 5 colonists die and a propaganda war begins

Committees of Correspondence 1772Led by Samuel Adams

Tea Monopoly British East India company

• 1773 Boston Tea Party.• Destruction of 342 chests of tea, even though

it lowered the price

Coercive Acts 1774(colonists call it the Intolerable Acts)

• Boston Port closed until paid• Banned Town Hall Meetings• Quartering Act expanded• Coercive acts meant to PUNISH the colonists

until

First continental Congress 1774

• Sept 1774-GW, JADAMS, Patrick Henry,Sam Adams. No Reps from Georgia

*Wanted to REPAIR relationship with Britain* No calls for independence at this time.

Suffolk Resolves (1774)

• Define:The Suffolk Resolves stated the intentions of the pre-Revolutionary War colonists to form their own military, refused to pay British taxes, cut off trade ties with Britain and its colonies in the West Indies and formed their own governments.

Analysis: They were a pre-cursor to the Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution. They were also an important step in the organization of the colonies against British imposition

Where? Massachusetts

King George

Declares Massachusetts in Rebellion Sends more troops

Lexington and Concord April 1775

Shots fired BEFORE independence declared

Olive Branch Petition July 1775

• The Second Continental Congress. • It was originally penned by Thomas Jefferson, but rewritten

in a more inoffensive tone by John Dickinson. • The petition suggested that the colonies would be happy

with– more favorable trade and tax regulations rather than full

independence, and asked King George III to suggest a final plan. – However, the King refused to read the petition or meet with the

two congressional delegates. – He considered the colonies to be in open rebellion and issued

an effective declaration of war with the Proclamation for Suppressing Rebellion and Sedition in August, 1775.

Important Revolutionary Battles and Locations:

• Lexington and Concord April 1775• Battle of Bunker Hill June1775• Crossing the Delaware before Trenton and

Princeton 1775,1776• Valley Forge 1776. 1777• Saratoga Oct 1777• Yorktown (1781) The surrender• Treaty of Paris (1783)

So why do the Colonists win?

“The Patriot cause succeeded because of the actions of colonial militias and the Continental Army, George Washington’s military leadership, the colonists’ ideological commitment and resilience, and assistance sent by European allies.”