17.3 The Periodic Table17.3 The Periodic Table

Periodic TablePeriodic Table

Periodic-repeating patternPeriodic-repeating pattern 115 elements in 2004115 elements in 2004 Changing-man made elementsChanging-man made elements 92 naturally occurring (others man 92 naturally occurring (others man

made/nuclear) (Anything above 92)made/nuclear) (Anything above 92)

OrganizationOrganization

Mendeleev-1Mendeleev-1stst based on mass based on mass Today-based on atomic #Today-based on atomic # Groups-vertical columns- same Groups-vertical columns- same

family=Valence Electrons-electron family=Valence Electrons-electron dot diagramdot diagram

Periods-horizontal rows=energy Periods-horizontal rows=energy levels-electron configurationlevels-electron configuration

Element ClassificationElement Classification3 types3 types

Metals- Metals- Nonmetals-Nonmetals- Semiconductors-MetalloidsSemiconductors-Metalloids

MetalsMetals

1.) Alkali metals-soft, shiny, most 1.) Alkali metals-soft, shiny, most reactive (easy to lose the 1 V. reactive (easy to lose the 1 V. electron, cation) GROUP 1 electron, cation) GROUP 1 not found not found in element form in naturein element form in nature

2.) Alkaline Earth Metals- malleable, 2.) Alkaline Earth Metals- malleable, ductile. Reactive: Group 2 V. electrons ductile. Reactive: Group 2 V. electrons not found in element form in naturenot found in element form in nature

Ca- bones, shells, limestone,Ca- bones, shells, limestone, Mg- airplanes, Epsom salt.Mg- airplanes, Epsom salt.

Metals cont…Metals cont…

3.)Transition Metals-less reactive, 3.)Transition Metals-less reactive, conduction of heat/electric, shinyconduction of heat/electric, shiny Au (gold), Ag (silver), Pt- JewelryAu (gold), Ag (silver), Pt- Jewelry Cu (copper) –plumbing/wiresCu (copper) –plumbing/wires Fe (Iron), Co (Cobalt), Mn Fe (Iron), Co (Cobalt), Mn

(Manganese)-essential nutrients(Manganese)-essential nutrients W (Tungsten)-light bulb filimentsW (Tungsten)-light bulb filiments Technetium & Promethium-synthetic, Technetium & Promethium-synthetic,

radioactiveradioactive

Inner Transition Metals: (f orbital)Inner Transition Metals: (f orbital)

Lanthanides-top 58-71Lanthanides-top 58-71

Actinides-bottom 90-103 Actinides-bottom 90-103 Radioactive-unstableRadioactive-unstable

Non MetalsNon Metals

Except for Hydrogen, Non Metals on right Except for Hydrogen, Non Metals on right side of Tableside of Table

C-graphite/diamond, IMPORTANT ELEMENTC-graphite/diamond, IMPORTANT ELEMENT Plentiful on EarthPlentiful on Earth Halogens-Group 17Halogens-Group 17

Cl-kill bacteriaCl-kill bacteria Fl-poison, toothpasteFl-poison, toothpaste Br- liquidBr- liquid I- table salt, tyroid glandI- table salt, tyroid gland

Noble GasNoble Gas

Group 18Group 18 Exist as single atoms, not moleculesExist as single atoms, not molecules Non-reactiveNon-reactive

He-light, balloonsHe-light, balloons

Ne-lightsNe-lights

Ar-light bulbsAr-light bulbs

SemiconductorsSemiconductors

Diagonal row on rightDiagonal row on right Metalloids/semi conductorsMetalloids/semi conductors

B-HARD SteelB-HARD Steel Si-sand, computersSi-sand, computers Sb- PoisonousSb- Poisonous