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17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

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Page 1: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Graphic Communication

Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

Page 2: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons

Hexagons are 6 sided shapes.

Hexagons can be dimensioned in 2 different ways.– 1. Across the faces.– 2. Across the corners.

Page 3: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons- Across the Faces

The dimension of the hexagon is taken from one face to the opposite face.

Page 4: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons- Across the Corners

The dimension of the hexagon is taken from one corner to the opposite corner.

Page 5: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons - How to draw them

Draw circle at the required size.

If the hexagon is to be 50mm across the corners or (AC) the draw a circle Ø50.

If the hexagon is to be 50mm across the faces or (AF) the draw a circle Ø50.

Page 6: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons - How to draw themFor hexagons across the flats use your 30°/60° set square to draw the lines to make up the hexagon.

The hexagon should be drawn outside the circle.

Page 7: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons - How to draw themFor hexagons across the corners use your 30°/60° set square to draw the lines to make up the hexagon.

The hexagon should be drawn inside the circle.

Page 8: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms

Hexagonal prisms are similar to cylinders but instead of having a circular cross section they are hexagonal.

Page 9: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Elevation

Now we will draw the Elevation of the hexagonal prism.

Elevation

We see each of the faces as rectangles with the widest being the centre.

Hei

ght

Hei

ght

Page 10: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the PlanNow we will draw the Plan of the hexagonal prism.

Elevation

Project the lines up from the Elevation.

Page 11: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan

Then use your 30/60 set square to complete.

Elevation

Plan

Page 12: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

Elevation

Plan

Draw a 45° from the top right hand corner of the Elevation.

This 45° line is called a bounce line.

Page 13: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

Project the depth of the block across to the bounce line then where they intersect project down.

Elevation

Plan

Page 14: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

Now project the heights across from the Elevation to complete.

Elevation

Plan

End Elevation

Page 15: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Completed Orthographic

Elevation

Plan

End Elevation

Page 16: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - With Cuts

Sometimes the top or the bottom (or both of these) are chopped off the prism. This could be if the prism was for a label or storage for something.

So how do we draw this? The next few slides will show us.

Page 17: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Elevation

Elevation

Either the Elevation or End Elevation will normally be given drawn for you.

Therefore, you will have to be able to identify them.

Spot the cuts

Page 18: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan

Project the lines up from the Elevation as shown.

Elevation

Page 19: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan

Use your 30/60 set square to complete the normal hexagonal shape.

Elevation

Even though the top and bottom of the prism have been cut, the outline from the plan view remains the same.

Plan

Page 20: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan

Now project up the lines from where the cuts are made.

Elevation

Plan

Page 21: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the Plan

Now darken in these lines on the plan.

Elevation

You won’t be able to see the cut on the bottom of the prism so it will be drawn as a hidden detail line.

Plan

Page 22: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

To do this extend the top across and the side up. Draw your 45° bounce line from where they cross.

Now that the plan is complete we have to draw the End Elevation.

Elevation

Before we can draw our 45° bounce line we have to find out where the top right hand corner of the Elevation is.

Plan

Page 23: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

Project the depth of the block across to the bounce line then where they intersect project down.

Elevation

Plan

Page 24: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

Now project the heights across from the Elevation to complete.

Elevation

Plan

End Elevation

Page 25: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Cut Hexagonal Prisms - the End Elevation

This shape looks awkward but remember, there are 6 corners and faces of the shape so the cuts can only go to the corners.

Elevation

Plan

End Elevation

Page 26: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

A development is a flat template of a 3D shape that when folded up in the correct way makes the actual shape of the 3D object.

Developments are particularly useful when modelling new design ideas or to prepare for folding shapes in sheet metal.

Page 27: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the height of the prism across the page.

Here the development of the sides will be drawn. This does not include the top and bottom of the prism.

Page 28: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Now, using a compass, step out the lengths of each side onto

these lines.

Draw vertical lines at each of these points.

Page 29: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

To make things easier we number each of the corners of

the hexagon.

Do this as shown on the Plan, Elevation and development.

Here one number is above the other. This is because corner number 3 is in front of corner 1.

1

2

34

5

6

12345

6

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

A development always starts and ends with the same numbered corner. When it folds up these should meet.

Page 30: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the cuts across onto the development marking the

appropriate corners as you go.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 31: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the cuts across onto the development marking the

appropriate corners as you go.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 32: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the cuts across onto the development marking the

appropriate corners as you go.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 33: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the cuts across onto the development marking the

appropriate corners as you go.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 34: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the cuts across onto the development marking the

appropriate corners as you go.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 35: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Project the cuts across onto the development marking the

appropriate corners as you go.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 36: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Now join your dots up to

complete the development.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

As the hexagonal prism has no curves, use a straight edge to

join the dots.

Page 37: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagonal Prisms - the Development

Elevation

Plan

Here is a clearer view of the

complete development.

1

2

34

5

6

2345

1 2 3 4 5 6 1

16

Page 38: 17/02/03Designed by Barry Forbes Graphic Communication Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

17/02/03 Designed by Barry Forbes

Hexagons & Hexagonal Prisms

Hexagons are 6 sided shapes. Hexagons can be dimensioned A/F or

A/C. The corners should be numbered when

drawing hexagonal prisms to make it easier to tell where cuts go.

A development will fold up to make a 3D model of the object.