Upload
joshua-fletcher
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 2
Limit Values for PM10
Directive 1999/30/EC, Annex III
Daily mean value: 50 µg/m³, not to be exceeded at more than 35 days per year• Margin of Tolerance: 25 µg/m³ 1999, linear reduction
annually from 2001 to 0 µg/m³ in 2005. Annual mean value: 40 µg/m³
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 3
PM10 levels in Austria
Start of measurement in 2001 in most regions
Exceedance of Limit value throughout Austria.
Highest pollution in 2003
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 4
Methods for investigation of the origin of PM10 in Austria
Emission inventoriesDifficulties/uncertainties: Resuspension, diffuse emissions, secondary particles (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, organic)
Backward Trajectories (calculated from ECMWF wind data)
Detailed analyses of local meteorolgical situations Daily, weekly variation, correlation with gaseous
pollutants Chemical Analyses
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 5
Long-Range Transport
96-h-Backward-trajectories for „typical“ cases of long-range transport of PM10: a) Southern Romania and northern Serbia, b) Southern Poland and Moravia
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 6
Long-Range Transport
96-h-Backward-trajectories for „typical“ cases of a) long-range transport from Hungary, b) Regional accumulation
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 7
Long-Range Transport
Statistical analysis: Residence time of trajectories per pixel weighted with the difference from the 3-month-mean of the PM10-Concentration in Vienna, Winter 2003
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 9
Origin of PM10 in Vienna
origin of PM10-concentrations in Viennadaily means > 45µg/m³, June 1999 - March 2004
Schafberg
Liesing
Rinnböckstraße
possible maximum close to traffic
Lobau
Urban background Vienna 15% (average)
Regional emissions in Austria without Vienna 20%
long range transport (40%)
Regional emissions, foreign countries 20%
Hot spots 25% (average)
17. 10. 2005 | Folie 10
Origin of PM10 in different Regions in Austria
Extra-alpine Regions: Long range transport (mainly from central and eastern
Europe) Regional accumulation (approx 100 – 200 km) Urban and local emissions
Alpine basins and valleys: Local and regional accumulation due to unfavourable
dispersion conditions High local emissions (road traffic, wood burning, industry)