1

June 2009

John Moring

Overview

IEEE 1609.0, 1609.3,

1609.4, 1609.5

2|

Contents

Standards Overview

IEEE P802.11p WAVE MAC and PHY

IEEE 1609.4 Multi-Channel Operation

IEEE 1609.3 Networking Services

3|

WAVE Scope

OBU

WA

VE

Sta

ck

Wir

elin

e S

tack

In Vehicle Network

OBU

WA

VE

Sta

ck

Wir

elin

e S

tack

In Vehicle Network

Applications

Optional External Interface

Air Interface

WA

VE

Sta

ck

Applications

WA

VE

Sta

ck

Optional External Interface

Host

Wir

elin

e S

tack

Host

Wir

elin

e S

tack

Host

Wir

elin

e S

tack

Host

Wir

elin

e S

tack

Covered by WAVE StandardsROAD SIDE

UNIT

ON-BOARD UNITS

External Systems

External Systems

4|

Protocol Architecture

UDP / TCP

LLC

PHY

WAVE MAC (including channel coordination)

Air

In

terf

ace

IPv6WSMP

Data PlaneManagement Plane

Ma

nag

em

ent

Se

curit

y

5|

Trial Use Standards

IEEE Std 1609.1-2006

• Resource Manager

IEEE Std 1609.2-2006

• Security Services

IEEE Std 1609.3-2007

• Networking Services

IEEE Std 1609.4-2006

• Multi-Channel Operation

IEEE P802.11p - draft

• WAVE MAC and PHY

IEEE Std 802.11-1999

• MAC and PHY

Lower Layers

Networking Services

Upper LayersWAVE Service Security

IEEE 1609.1, et al.

IEEE 1609.3

IEEE 1609.4, IEEE 802.11p

WAVE device

Medium

IEEE 1609.2

6|

Full Use Standards in process

UDP / TCP

LLC

PHY

WAVE MAC (including channel coordination)

IPv6WSMP

1609

.3

1609.2M

anag

emen

t

Sec

urity

1609

.4

802.

11

Fut

ure

high

er

laye

r st

anda

rds

7|

Ongoing Standards Activities

IEEE P802.11p work continues

Full Use 1609 updates in process

• 1609.2, 1609.3, 1609.4

Resource Manager standard being redefined to address low-end devices

• 1609.1

Architecture document in process

• 1609.0

Communications Manager standard authorized

• 1609.5; placeholder for possible future work

Electronic payment services standard in process

• 1609.11

8|

Overview of 802.11p (D7.0)

Specifies channelization in the 5.9 GHz band

Tunes some RF specs to allow highway operation

Defines a mode of operation “outside the context of a basic service set”

• Removes latency-causing link setup operations such as authentication

Defines a Time Advertisement message

9|

Overview of 1609.4 Multi-Channel Operation

Extensions to the 802.11/802.11p MAC

Management plane (MLME: MAC SubLayer Management Entity)

• Manages optional regular switching between control channel and service channel

• Queues regular time advertisements and/or service advertisements

Data plane (MAC)

• Multiplexes/demultiplexes higher layer protocols (IPv6, WSMP)

• Queues messages for transmission on the correct channels

• Manages transmit message priority

10|

1609 Channel Coordination examples

CCH

CCH

SCH

CCH Interval SCH IntervalCCH IntervalSCH Interval

Time

a)

b)

CCH

SCH

c)

CCH

SCH

d)

Continuous access

Alternating access

Immediate access

Extended access

Control Channel: management and (high priority) messages

Service Channel: general user message and IP traffic

For devices that don’t need continuous CCH access

11|

1609.4 Transmit Operation

MAC (with Muti-Channel Operation)

Transmission Attempt

Channel Selector and Medium Contention

Internal Contention

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

Internal Contention

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

AIF

S[A

C]

CW

[AC

]T

XO

P[A

C]

CCH (WSM data only) SCH (WSM and/or IP data)

LLC

Channel Routing

802.

11p

MA

C (

CC

H)

802.

11p

MA

C (

SC

H)

Management frames

Management frames

AC=1 AC=2 AC=3 AC=4 AC=1 AC=2 AC=4AC=3

12|

Overview of 1609.3 Networking Services

Management plane (WME: WAVE Management Entity)

• Generates contents of service advertisements based on higher layer info

• Including IP configuration info and security credentials

• Monitors received service advertisements for services of interest to higher layers

• Estimates channel quality

• Determines channel allocation/switching schedule to satisfy service requests

Data plane

• Incorporates standard LLC and IPv6

• Introduces thin WAVE Short Message Protocol (WSMP)

• Allows direct control of RF parameters (e.g., power, data rate) by the higher layer

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WAVE Short Message Protocol (WSMP)

Messages transmitted on request by higher layer

• Dest. MAC address, User Priority, Channel, Data rate, Transmit Power, PSID

Messages delivered over the air by MAC address

• Unicast or broadcast

Messages delivered up the stack by protocol and PSID

• EtherType distinguishes WSMP from IP

WSM data

WSMP version

PSIDWSM length

Higher layer

WSMP

LLC

MAC

WSM data

Control= 0x03

WSM data

WSMP HeaderEtherType =0x88DC

DSAP= 0xAA

SSAP= 0xAA

Channel number

Data rate

TxPwr_Level

PSID Length

PriorityDest_

address

OUI=0x000000

PriorityDest

address

Peer MAC

address

User priority

WME-Wave ShortMessage.req

DL-UNITDATA.req

MA-UNITDATA.req

SNAP headerLLC header

Data field

WSM element

ID

Ext. fields

Channel number

Data rate

TxPwr_Level

Channel number

Data rate

TxPwr_Level

Expiry Time

Expiry Time

Expiry Time

1 2311

1 21Var.4 Var.

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“Services”

Provider role

• Sends out WAVE Service Advertisements (WSAs) on control channel• Includes info on services and channels

• May include IP configuration info

• In Trial Use, included timing info – now separate

• Operates on identified service channel(s) at designated times for application data exchange

User role

• Monitors WSAs for services of interest

• May visit identified service channels at designated times for application data exchange

Allocation of radio resources to communication channels performed by 1609 stack based on higher layer request priority, service availability, device capabilities

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WAVE Service Advertisement (WSA) contents

Channel InfoService Info

4 1 1 1 1 1

Channel Number

Adapt-able

Data Rate

TxPwr_Level

2 16 1 16 16

1

May be repeated

May be repeated

11

6

1Var.1

PSIDService Priority

Channel Number

Router lifetime

IpPrefixPrefix length

Default gateway

Primary DNS

Gateway MAC

address

Provider Service Table WAVE Routing Advertisement WAVE version

Extension fieldsRepeats

Extension fields

Extension fields

Var.

Var.

Extension fields

Var.

KEY

Optional Field

Lengths in octets

1

WAVE Element

ID

WAVE Element

ID

1

WAVE Element

ID

Info about available services Info about service channels

IP configuration info

Transmit Power Used

2D/3D Location

Advertiser Identifier

PSC

IPv6 Address

Service Port

Provider MAC Address

Secondary DNS

EDCA Parameter Set

KEYKEY

Extension fields

Optional

Lengths in octets

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Example of WAVE Transmit Protocol Layers

MLME

PHY Header

MAC Header

MAC Trailer

WSA

PHY

Security Header

WaveService AdvertisementSecurity Trailer

WSA Header

PST WRA

WME

Security Services

WME

Vendor Specific Action frame

Air interface

MAC

Vendor Specific Content

SEC-SignWSA.req

WME-ProviderService.req

SEC-SignWSA.cfm

MLMEX-WSA.req

Higher layer

Service info

MLME extension

WSAMLME-VSPECIFIC.reqOUI

Cont-ent

descr.

Category

OUI

This illustrates content from the higher layers, processed by the WAVE stack, and sent out as a service advertisement in an 802.11 frame

IEEE 1609

IEEE 802.11

17|

WSA Flow, allows devices to coordinate SCH usage for data exchange

UserProvider

MLME MLMEHigher layer

Higher layer

SECURITY WMEWME SECURITY

MLMEX-WSA.req

MLMEX-WSA.ind

MLMEX-WSA.cfm

WSA

MLMEX-SCHSTART.cfm

MLMEX-SCHSTART.req

MLMEX-REGISTERTXPROFILE.req

MLMEX-REGISTERTXPROFILE.cfm

MLMEX-WSA.rsp

MLMEX-REGISTERTXPROFILE.req

MLMEX-REGISTERTXPROFILE.cfm

Sent if service uses IP

Decide to assign channel

access

Decide to assign channel access

Service request processing

Service request processing

SEC-SignWSA.req

SEC-SignWSA.cfm

MLMEX-SCHSTART.req

MLMEX-SCHSTART.cfm

SEC-VerifyWSA.cfm

SEC-VerifyWSA.req

Data exchange

18|

PSID & PSC

Provider Service Identifier (PSID)

• 4 octets; values allocated by IEEE

• Used as WSMP recipient address, and

• Used as primary identifier of services in WAVE Service Advertisement

• Presumably identifies type of information and encoding to be found on the SCH

Provider Service Context (PSC)

• 0-32 octets; meaning determined by PSID

• Used as optional secondary service descriptor in WSA

• May indicate information sub-type, date tag, security context, etc.

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Going Forward

Core WAVE standards: 802.11p, 1609.4, 1609.3, 1609.0

• Expect technical work to finalize this year

• Standards published by mid-2010

Work on other standards proceeding