158 11-08-2011 Transport CKN Multi-Teribit-Nov 2011

7/27/2019 158 11-08-2011 Transport CKN Multi-Teribit-Nov 2011

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2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1

Cisco Knowledge Network:

Multi-Terabit Transmission

Solutions


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Cisco Confidential 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2

Welcome Moderator(s):

Dale Clark - Strategic Account Manager

Russ Esmacher - Sr. Business Development Manager

Todays Show: Multi-Terabit Transmission Solutions

Speaker(s):

Rodger Nutt, Sr. Technical Marketing EngineerQ&A

Survey


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Cisco Knowledge Network:100G and Beyond

Rodger NuttConverged Optical Routing Business Unit

11/8/2011


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100G Drivers

100G Standards 100G Transmission Technology

100G Network Design

Beyond 100G


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IP Traffic Will Increase 6X from 2007 to 2012

In 2012, Half a Zettabyte Will Cross the Global Network

Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast, 2007-2012

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Mobility

Business Internet

Business IP WAN

Consumer InternetConsumer IPTV / CATV

PB / Mo 46% CAGR 20072012


6/42Cisco Confidential 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6

Optics

IP

Transport

40G and 100G

Coherent

400-1TB

Tunable XFP & SFP+

Routing

Services

MPLS

MPLS-TP

ROADMMetro, Regional, LH

Colorless OmniDir

Flexible Spectrum

Control Plane


7/42 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7

Capex Percentage

10G 40G 100G

DWDM Optics

DWDM Commons

TDM & Switching & Routing



10G Challenges

Transport evolving from SONET to IP / Ethernet over DWDM

40/80 wavelength DWDM systems are reaching capacity

10G prices have declined continually accompanied by only modesttechnological improvements (density, tunability, pluggable form-factor, MLSE)

40G Challenges

Difficult to get cost/bit down to 2.5x 10G

Limited component interoperability

Bad timing - Bursting of the bubble, No 40GE interfaces, Bandwidth glut

Adoption is finally being driven by wavelength exhaust and need for >10Gserial connections

There is no OIF framework for 40G like there is for 100G



$$/bit is better than 40G

10G clients

are becoming ubiquitousIncreasing likelihood of individual traffic flows approaching 10Gb/s

Core networks need from 4x to 10x highest user interface speed

Bandwidth OptimizationAggregated links can lead to less than optimal link utilization

N x 10G LAG results in less than N x 10G in truly usable bandwidth

SimplicityImplementing features such as QoS is simpler and more robust with a serialinterface vs. an aggregated interface

Fewer interfaces to inventory, manage, and cable



100G Standards Efforts



IEEE

OIF

ITU IEEE

OIF

Transport NetworksLayer 1/0 interoperability

OTN

Client InterfacesLayer 2/1 interoperability

100GE

Hardware VendorsComponent Interoperability,

Commonality

100G standardization coordinated among ITU, IEEE, and OIF

Proactively eliminate interop issues encountered with 10G and 40G



IEEE

40G and 100G Ethernet



Standardized June 2010 as 802.3ba-2010

Single architecture defining both 40 and 100 Gigabit

Physical Layer specification for communication across

Backplanes

Copper cabling

Multi-mode fiber

Single-mode fiber

Anticipated Applications

40G Server, computing, and switch interconnection

100G Aggregation and LAN/WAN transport

IEEE


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100GBASE-LR4

Line CodingX=8B/10B codingR=64B/66B coding

ModulationBASE = BasebandNo digital modulation

Rate

10100

100010G40G100G

MediumT - twisted-pair cable (e.g. Cat5)K - copper backplane

C - balanced copper cable (twinax)F - optical cableB - uses two wavelengths over a single optical cableS - short-range multi-mode fiber (less than 100 m)L - long-range single-mode cable (up to 10 km)E - extended-range single-mode cable (up to 40 km)Z - long-range single-mode cable (up to 80km)

Data Lanes1 omitted4, 10, etc


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Short Reach - 100GBASE-SR10

One 24 fiber-cable, MPO connector

20 active fibers (10-TX, 10-RX)10 Gb/s per fiber

One wavelength per fiber

OM3 or OM4 multimode fiber

100 or 150 meter reach

Long Reach - 100GBASE-LR4

One 2-fiber cable

4 wavelengths per fiber25 Gb/s per wavelength

Single mode fiber

10 km reach


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100GBASE-SR10

Expensive fiber ribbon cables, MPO connectorsCheap transceivers 850 nm VCSEL technology

100GBASE-LR4

Cheap fiber standard singlemode duplex cablesExpensive transceivers 1310nm lasers, plus WDM mux/demux

Client Handoffs, Cost Comparison


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40G and 100G

40GBASE- SR440GBASE-LR4

100GBASE-SR10

100GBASE-LR4

100GBASE-ER4

40G

40GBASE-CR440GBASE-SR440GBASE-LR4

CFPQSFP CXP

100G

100GBASE-CR10100GBASE-SR10

Significant PriceDelta @100G

CXP much lower


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ITU

100G Transmission Layer


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Framing and Rates


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Clients and Mappings

ITU simultaneously defined an ODU0 at 1.25 Gbps to carry GigE

This supplants ODU1 (2.5 Gb/s) as the fundamental TS size

ODU4 is divided into 80, 1.25 Gb/s Time Slots

ITU also defined an ODUflex container


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100G DWDM Technology


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24

OIF 100G transmission standard Single Carrier (Cisco, Alcatel-Lucent)

Dual-Carrier (1st to Market, but not long-term solution due to cost of 2x50Gb = 2x

components)


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Problem: DSP electronics (required for above) not yet capable of processing

100Gb/s serial data rates

Solution: Dual Polarization DQPSK Modulation, allows single wavelength100G transmission with a baud rate of ~32Gb/s

This is a Modulation function

Problem: Transmission impairments increase significantly at higher bitrates (CD, PMD, non-linear effects)

Solution: Compensate for these impairments with Coherent Detection

and intelligent Digital Signal Processing

This is a Demodulation function


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DP Dual Polarization

Data is divided into two polarizations of light within the fiber

Allows a halving of the bit-rate of each carrier

This still represents a single 50GHz DWDM wavelength

Vertical

Polarization

Horizontal

Polarization

Dual

Polarization

50 Gb/s

50 Gb/s

50 Gb/s + 50 Gb/s


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DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

One symbol is represented by a waveform in one of four phases

Four possible phases = 2 bits per symbol

Cuts baud rate to half of the bit rate

Dual Polarization already cut the maximum baud rate in half, to 50 Gb/s

DQPSK cuts it in half again, to 25 Gb/s (reaches ~32 Gb/s with linecoding and G.709/FEC)

10

11

00

01


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Coherent Detection

Dramatic improvement in OSNR

Move impairment correction from the optical domain into the digitaldomain

Allows for digital correction of impairments vs. physical correction ofimpairments (DSP and FEC)

DP-QPSK with Coherent Detection

Example of coherent detection

Local frequency reference is beatagainst (added to) the incoming signal

Resulting waveform exhibits a low-frequency variation corresponding to thephase shifts in the received signal

That low frequency signal can then beprocessed by DSP

localoscillator

incomingsignal

resultingwaveform


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DWDM Design for 100G


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Uncompensated

Amplifiers

EDFA+RAMAN

3000 km Reach

80+ Channels

Flexible Spectrum

ROADM

Colorless,

Directionless

ROADM

Coherent

Modulation

High Density

Low PowerCFP LR4, LR10

CXP SR10

QSFP: 40GE

SFP+: 10G

IPoDWDM

GMPLS Control Plane


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Greenfield:

Totally uncompensated network: No DCUUse MAL-less amplifiers, for longer distances add Raman

Place a DGE any 5/6 OLA sites

Optical rule (per channel power):

0dBm on 20x spans

+1dBm on 10x spans

+4dBm on 5x spans

Brownfield:

Compensated network for 10G channels

Mix of 10G/40G/100G with Guard Band


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Thoughts Beyond 100G


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BPSKCP-DQPSK

8-QAM16-QAM

12345

678910

1TB 500KM750GB 1000KM

500GB 2000KM250GB 4000KM

Superchannel

Sub-carrier Non-ITU


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1-Odd

1-Even

2-Odd

2-Even

3-Odd

3-Even

4-Odd

4-Even

5-Odd

5-Even

6-Odd

6-Even

7-Odd

100G

bps

400G

bps

1Tb

ps

100G

bps

1Tb

ps

100G

bps

EDRA

Flex Spectrum

Zero-Touch Photonic Layer

Any

Modulation

Format

ANY ChannelBit Rate

ANY Portion ofthe OpticalSpectrum

Contentionless ROADM

ANYCombination ofWavelengths

to ANY Degreefrom ANY Port

Fully Flexible ROADM

Omni-Directional:ANY Wavelength to ANY

Degree

Colourless:ANY Wavelength to ANY

Add/Drop port

WSON


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1-Odd

1-Even

2-Odd

2-Even

3-Odd

3-Even

4-Odd

4-Even

5-Odd

5-Even

6-Odd

6-Even

7-Odd

100Gbps

400Gbps

1Tbps

100Gbps

1Tbps

100Gbps

Standard ROADM Nodes supportwavelengths on the 50GHz ITU-T Grid

Bit Rates or Modulation Formats not fitting

on the ITU-T grid cannot pass through theROADM

A Flex Spectrum ROADM removes ANYrestrictions from the Channels Spacing andModulation Format point of view

Possibility to mix very efficientlywavelengths with different Bit Rates on thesame system

Allows scalability to higher per-channel Bit

Rates Allows maximum flexibility in controlling

non-linear effects due to wavelengthsinteractions (XPM, FWM)

Allows support of Alien Multiplex Sections

through the DWDM System


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At least 6dB of Noise Figure improvement provided by EDRA vs.EDFA with similar Gain & Power Range

FAIL

ACT

SF

OPT-EDRAxx-C

MON

RX

134598

7

MON-L

TX

RX

TX

RX

TX

RX

TX

COM

OSC

LINE-TX

LINE-RX

Filter

EDRA

W

M

W

M

Line-TxLine-Rx

R


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600G Chassis

200G Chassis

100G Technology has matured to

bring down price and increaseperformance Pluggable optics offer options based

on reach, cost and form factor

100G Network Design must weighmixing of 10/40/100G versus reach of100G

Next-Generation of transmission

systems are beginning to beimplemented using advancedswitching and modulation


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Thank you.


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The Network after SONET

Date: Wednesday, December 7, 2011 @ 10 am 11 am CST

Speaker: Russ Esmacher, Sr. Business Development Manager

Where: WebEx Event (Webinar)

www.ciscoknowledgenetwork.com (Select Transport Solutions)


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Survey

Contact us: [email protected] Webinar playbacks and updates can be found

at:

www.ciscoknowledgenetwork.com/optical

Please also click on www.cisco.com/go/optical

for more information.
mailto:[email protected]://www.cisco.com/go/opticalhttp://www.cisco.com/go/opticalmailto:[email protected]


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Thank you.

Documents

158 11-08-2011 Transport CKN Multi-Teribit-Nov 2011