1550 B.C. – 1050 B.C.

1550 B.C. – 1050 B.C.

The New KingdomThe New Kingdom

1550 B.C.1550 B.C.• Ahmose (Thebes) marked the beginning of the New Kingdom

• Beginning of 18th dynasty

• Egypt reached its height of power & glory

• Cities grew large

• Ahmose (Thebes) marked the beginning of the New Kingdom

• Beginning of 18th dynasty

• Egypt reached its height of power & glory

• Cities grew large

The Egyptian Empire

The Egyptian Empire

•Pharaohs began conquering lands to the east

•Period of Conquest & Trade

•Pharaohs began conquering lands to the east

•Period of Conquest & Trade

The Egyptian Conquest

The Egyptian Conquest• Sought to gain control

of all possible invasion routes into the kingdom

• 1st – conquered homeland of Hyksos

• Thutmose III conquered lands to Syria and Palestine; south to Kush

• Sought to gain control of all possible invasion routes into the kingdom

• 1st – conquered homeland of Hyksos

• Thutmose III conquered lands to Syria and Palestine; south to Kush

Egypt became the leading military power from the

Euphrates to Nubia.

Egypt became the leading military power from the

Euphrates to Nubia.

The Egyptian Wealth

The Egyptian Wealth

• Collected tribute – money or goods collected from conquered peoples

• Nubia – gold, leopard skins, precious stones, slaves

• Assyria, Babylonia, & Hittites sent gifts to maintain good relations

• Collected tribute – money or goods collected from conquered peoples

• Nubia – gold, leopard skins, precious stones, slaves

• Assyria, Babylonia, & Hittites sent gifts to maintain good relations

The Egyptian Trade

The Egyptian Trade

• Developed profitable trade routes (paths followed by traders)

• Conquered lands had valuable resources

• Developed profitable trade routes (paths followed by traders)

• Conquered lands had valuable resources

HatshepsutHatshepsut• 1472-1458 B.C.• Worked to increase trade; not interested in war; built monuments and temple

• Sent traders to kingdom of Punt (Red Sea), Asia Minor, & Greece

• Married Thutmose II (half brother) who left throne to son, Thutmose III

• Since he was young, Hattie took throne

• 1472-1458 B.C.• Worked to increase trade; not interested in war; built monuments and temple

• Sent traders to kingdom of Punt (Red Sea), Asia Minor, & Greece

• Married Thutmose II (half brother) who left throne to son, Thutmose III

• Since he was young, Hattie took throne

HatshepsutHatshepsut• Because many did not think women should rule….

• She dressed like a man and called herself king

• After death – Thutmose III destroyed monuments that she built during her reign

• Because many did not think women should rule….

• She dressed like a man and called herself king

• After death – Thutmose III destroyed monuments that she built during her reign

Religion during the New KingdomReligion during

the New Kingdom• Thebes became capital of Egypt

• Amon had been god of Thebes

• Egyptians combined Amon & Re, the sun god

• Amon-Re• Temples became industrial centers and schools

• Thebes became capital of Egypt

• Amon had been god of Thebes

• Egyptians combined Amon & Re, the sun god

• Amon-Re• Temples became industrial centers and schools

Amenhotep IVAmenhotep IV•1370 B.C.•Did not like priest so he closed temples of Amon-Re and fired all workers

•Set up new religion

•1370 B.C.•Did not like priest so he closed temples of Amon-Re and fired all workers

•Set up new religion

Amenhotep’s New Religion

Amenhotep’s New Religion

• Monotheistic (the worship of only one god)

• Worshipped Aton• Changed his name to Akhenaton

– “Spirit of Aton”• Only family and close advisors

accepted this new religion• Failed to make Egypt

monotheistic

• Monotheistic (the worship of only one god)

• Worshipped Aton• Changed his name to Akhenaton

– “Spirit of Aton”• Only family and close advisors

accepted this new religion• Failed to make Egypt

monotheistic

1360 B.C.1360 B.C.• Tutankhamen (son-in-law of Amenhotep) became pharaoh

• 9 years old• Priests forced him to return to old religion

• Died at 18

• Tutankhamen (son-in-law of Amenhotep) became pharaoh

• 9 years old• Priests forced him to return to old religion

• Died at 18

Ramses the Great

Ramses the Great

• 1200s• One of longest reigns

• Last great pharaoh• Trained to be ruler and fighter

• Army captain at 10

• 1200s• One of longest reigns

• Last great pharaoh• Trained to be ruler and fighter

• Army captain at 10

Ramses the Great

Ramses the Great• Fought Hittites – no

winner but became allies• Tehenu invaded Delta…• Fought them off & built a series of forts to strengthen western frontier

• Tehenu invaded again century later - defeated

• Fought Hittites – no winner but became allies

• Tehenu invaded Delta…• Fought them off & built a series of forts to strengthen western frontier

• Tehenu invaded again century later - defeated

Ramses the Great

Ramses the Great• After death – invaded

by Sea Peoples (?)• Sea Peoples – strong warriors who crushed Hittites and destroyed cities in SW Asia

• Took Egypt 50 years to push them back

• After death – invaded by Sea Peoples (?)

• Sea Peoples – strong warriors who crushed Hittites and destroyed cities in SW Asia

• Took Egypt 50 years to push them back

Decline of EgyptDecline of Egypt• Priest became powerful• Priest owned 1/3 of land• Played major role in government

• Pharaoh’s power declined• Soon after death of Ramses, the New Kingdom ended

• Period of violence and disorder

• Priest became powerful• Priest owned 1/3 of land• Played major role in government

• Pharaoh’s power declined• Soon after death of Ramses, the New Kingdom ended

• Period of violence and disorder

• Ahmose • Amenhotep I

• Thutmose I • Thutmose II • Hatshepsut • Thutmose III • Amenhotep II

• Ahmose • Amenhotep I

• Thutmose I • Thutmose II • Hatshepsut • Thutmose III • Amenhotep II

• Thutmose IV • Amenhotep III

• Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten)

• Neferneferuaten

• Tutankhamen

• Ay • Horemheb

• Thutmose IV • Amenhotep III

• Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten)

• Neferneferuaten

• Tutankhamen

• Ay • Horemheb

18th dynasty 1550-1295 BC

18th dynasty 1550-1295 BC

19th dynasty 1295 -1186 BC

19th dynasty 1295 -1186 BC

• Rameses I • Seti I • Rameses II • Merenptah • Amenmessu • Sety II • Saptah • Tausret

• Rameses I • Seti I • Rameses II • Merenptah • Amenmessu • Sety II • Saptah • Tausret

20th dynasty 1186 - 1069 BC

20th dynasty 1186 - 1069 BC

• Setnakht • Rameses III

• Rameses IV

• Rameses V

• Rameses VI

• Setnakht • Rameses III

• Rameses IV

• Rameses V

• Rameses VI

•Rameses VII •Rameses VIII •Rameses IX •Rameses X •Rameses XI

•Rameses VII •Rameses VIII •Rameses IX •Rameses X •Rameses XI