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8/17/2019 151217 Lecture 02 Proto & Historic Architecture
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SRI LANKAN HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE Proto Historic & Historic Periods
Lecture 02
14th January 2015
r!"# Sa$%tha &ana'a(u)e*art$ent !" Arch%tecture
Un%+er,%ty !" &!ratu'a
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SRI LANK
SRI LANKA
MAP OF SRI LANKA
SHALLOW SEABED CAUSING INFLUENCES
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12
3
4
1. Bundala, Hambantota District;• 125,000 BC;• Excavations in Costal Deposits near
Bundala;• Evidence o t!e "ldest Human
#emains ound in $ri %an&a;
• '0,000 BC;• $econd "ldest man ound(
2. )at!ira*a+ela, mbalantota;
• 120,000 BC;• "ldest %an&an Human remains and
!is stone tools;• 20,000 beore -eandert!al;
. Ella+ala, #at!napura District;
• '0,000 BC;• #emains o %ions, Hippos, and
#!inoceros;
/. )a!ianala, alutara District;• 0,500 BC;
• 3!ird "ldest man ound;
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1. Beli-lena and Batadomba-lenain Kuruwita;• 2!"## B$;• Balan%oda Man! re%arded
a& ori%inal Lan'an;• Bu&ine&& between (oa&talbelt& and )ill&; &alt )a&been brou%)t;
• Burial $u&tom&;2. Bellan Bendi Pele&&a! *mbili+iti,a;
• Site o a Balan%oda Man;
. Mannar;• Site o a Balan%oda Man;
/. Bundala;• Site o a Balan%oda Man;
". 0orton Pla(e;• 1"!### B$;
". Alawala! am+a)a• 1!### B$; Remain& #2 bodie&;
3. Alu-lena! Attana%oda! Ke%alle;• 1#!"## B$;• 0uman remain& di&(o4ered;
1
2
3
/
5
6
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SRI LANKAN MEGALITHIC
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SITES WITH LITHIC RECORDS
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CHINESE ARABIAN 2
Silk Roai! "#$ S$a
%ROTO&HISTORIC
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'I(A)ANAGAR3 IBN BATUTA 4
CULTURAL CONTAMINATIONS *A Hi+"o,-.
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MARCO %OLO 5CULTURAL CONTAMINATIONS *A Hi+"o,-.
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EURO%EAN /
%ORTUGUESE 6
CULTURAL CONTAMINATIONS *A Hi+"o,-.
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11
ROTO-HISTORIC ERIO) OF SRI LANKAN CULTURAL HISTORY
Re.at%!n,h%* /et'een &aha+a$,a Re"erence, an( Archae!.!%ca.
F%n(%n,
Three %,%t, !" 3auta$a u((ha t! Sr% Lana
• 4irst isit durin t!e 6t! mont! o Budd!a!ood;• 3o 7a!anaa 8arden in 7a!ianana;• "n t!e ban& o #iver 7a!aveli; and,• 9n Dr :one #eion;• 3o an assemblae o Yaha tribe.
• $econd isit durin t!e 5t! o Budd!a!ood,• 3o -aadipa in ana peninsula,•
3o settle a dispute bet+een t+o Naa tribal leaders.
• 3!ird isit durin t!e ' t! ear o t!e Budd!a!ood,• 3o elania,• 9n
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&aha+a$,a Re"erence, !n
r!t!-h%,t!r%c Sett.e$ent,
$ettlements in t!e vicinit o Tha$/a*ann%• S%r%+attha; administered b >a&&!a ruler alasena;• Lana*ura; in t!e vicinit o $irivatt!a and administered b a separate
ruler.• Tha$/a*ann%, administrative centre o )rince i*aa
4ollo+ers o )rince i*aa ounded settlements or t!emselves• Anura(haa$a 89:on t!e ban& o adambanadi;• U*at%,,aa$a 85:6 on t!e ban& o deep river, nort! o adambanadi.
dministrative centre durin transition.• %;%thaa$a8
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1
&aha+a$,a Re"erence, !n
r!t!-h%,t!r%c Sett.e$ent,
• 7a!avamsa reerences on
)orts and Harbors;• &ahat%ttha8:6 most reerred
ort . )rincess i*aa and
500 emales arrived.• 3!naa$aat%ttha81>:6
)anduvasdeva and
)rincess Badd!a&ac!c!na
arrived.
•
Brot!ers o )rincess Badd!&ac!c!ana ounded settlementsor t!emselves• %%thaa$a8
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1/
Re,er+!%r C!n,truct%!n, t! %$*r!+e L%+%n
En+%r!n$ent,
• 444 C Anura(ha+a*%?
• 410 3a$%n%+a*%
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1"
Character%,t%c, !" Ear.y H%,t!r%c Ur/an%7at%!n
a, re".ecte( %n &aha+a$,a
• ttempts to conine )rinces C!itra atop a sinle pillar c!amber;
• Earl attempt to &ill inant )andu&ab!aa.
• $ervant 8irl carrin a bas&et +it! t!e )rince )andu&ab!aa to
)'araa$a6 +!ic! is located a+a rom t!e centre.• n indication o distinctive settlements.•
bandonment o sel reliance.• Emerence o experts.
• 3!umba&anda 7ountain $tream, an indication o a suburb in t!e perip!er
o t!e centre.
•
?ncles o )andu&ab!aa administerin independent territories.
• ala!anaara place o main battle to capture t!e po+er b )andu&ab!aa.
• )andu&ab!aa crossin 7a!avelianaa to Dola 7ountain to so*ourn in
preparation or a +ar.
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13
Character%,t%c, !" Ear.y H%,t!r%c Ur/an%7at%!n
a, re".ecte( %n &aha+a$,a
• ?ncles o )andu&ab!aa oundin ortiication near D!umaru&&!a 7ountain as
a preparator action or +ar.• )andu&ab!aa overran ortiication, and expelled uncles to opposite ban&
o t!e river.
• Deeat +as reported to t!e centre, administered b t!e eldest uncle b!aa.• b!aa +as ousted b ouner brot!er 3issa or avorin )andu&ab!aa.
• )andu&ab!aa sou!t assistance rom aboriines to deeat uncles.• >a&&!ini Cetia @+ido+ o >a&&!a leader utindara died durin t!e battle or
$irivattupuraA
• )rince )andu&ab!aa oraniin t!e arm +!ile stain in t!e D!umaru&&!a
mountain and ritta mountain.
• 0' uncles except b!aa and 8iri&anda&a, ortiied a cit called -aara&a, a
cantonment cit to i!t t!e prince )andu&ab!aa in t!e vicinit o ritta
7ountain.• l uncles +ere &illed durin t!e +ar, and territories +ere uniied..
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SRI LANKAN HISTOR) OFARCHITECTURE
• Anurad)a+ura Period 566 B$ to
77 A89;
• Polonnaruwa Period 577 to 12"39;
• 8ambadeni,a Period: a+a)uwa
512"3 to 126"9;
• Kurune%ala 5126" 1/19;
• am+ola Period51/1 to 1/119;
• Kotte Period 51/11 to 136"9;
• Kand, +eriod 5136" to 11"9;
• $olombo and $olonial +eriod
511" to 17/9;
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&E)IEAL HISTORIC ERIO) OF SRI LANKA
• !.!nnaru'a er%!( 810th C t! 1>th C A):• #eal Capital at alina 7a!a Cit o )olonnaru+a;• ttempted re!abilitation o nurad!apura;• Construction o reservoir sstems an monastic establis!ments in
)olonnaru+a;
• )a$/a(en%ya er%!(@ Ya*ahu'a 81>th C ear.y:
• #eal capital at Dambadenia;• Disappearance o #eservoir $stems;• Do a+a +it! lare scale buildins;
• Kurunea.a 81>th C .ater:•
#eal Capital at uruneala;• Continuation o Dambadenia 3radition;
• 3a$*!.a er%!( 814th C Ear.y:• 7oderate sie buildins;• -e+ concept o )lannin;• -e+ concept o 9mae Houses;
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LATE HISTORIC ERIO) OF SRI LANKA
• K!tte er%!( 814th C Late t! 1=th C:•
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HETEROGENEOUS
ARCHITECTURE
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ART 0 ARCHITECTUREMEMORIES
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LESSONSFROM
THE
TRADITION
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Nort)ern
ar()ite(ture
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SIGIRI)A
CITADEL46&4/ AD
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SIIRIA $I
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LESSONS
FROM THE
TRADITION
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REMNANTS FROM
THE COLONIAL %AST
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Rural 4erna(ular
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T,ai"io!al Ho+$
D,-&o!$ R,al A,$a
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COLONIAL LA)ER OF COLOMBO
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P&eudo
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$ontinuum rou+
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Metaboli( rou+
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S,i La!ka
%a,lia$!"
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Bo,,o$
I!"$,!a"io!al
A,7#i"$7",$
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Madura Prematille'e
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177#&
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The End