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Doxologies in the New Testament1

Romans: 11:36 For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be the glory forever. Amen. ὅτιἐξαὐτοῦκαὶδιʼαὐτοῦκαὶεἰςαὐτὸντὰπάντα·αὐτῷἡδόξαεἰςτοὺςαἰῶνας,ἀμήν. 16:25-27

25 Now to God who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the proclamation of JesusChrist,accordingtotherevelationofthemysterythatwaskeptsecretforlongages26butisnowdisclosed,andthroughthepropheticwritingsismadeknowntoalltheGentiles,accordingtothecommandoftheeternalGod,tobringabouttheobedienceoffaith—27totheonlywiseGod,throughJesusChrist,towhombethegloryforever!Amen.[25ΤῷδὲδυναμένῳὑμᾶςστηρίξαικατὰτὸεὐαγγέλιόνμουκαὶτὸκήρυγμαἸησοῦΧριστοῦ,κατὰἀποκάλυψινμυστηρίουχρόνοιςαἰωνίοιςσεσιγημένου,26φανερωθέντοςδὲνῦνδιάτεγραφῶνπροφητικῶνκατʼἐπιταγὴντοῦαἰωνίουθεοῦεἰςὑπακοὴνπίστεωςεἰςπάντατὰἔθνηγνωρισθέντος,27μόνῳσοφῷθεῷ,διὰἸησοῦΧριστοῦ,ᾧἡδόξαεἰςτοὺςαἰῶνας,ἀμήν.]2

Galatians: 1:5 to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen. ᾧἡδόξαεἰςτοὺςαἰῶναςτῶναἰώνων,ἀμήν.Ephesians: 3:20-21

20Nowtohimwhobythepoweratworkwithinusisabletoaccomplishabundantlyfarmorethanallwecanaskorimagine,21tohimbegloryinthechurchandinChristJesustoallgenerations,forever and ever. Amen. 20Τῷδὲδυναμένῳὑπὲρπάνταποιῆσαιὑπερεκπερισσοῦὧναἰτούμεθαἢνοοῦμενκατὰ τὴνδύναμιντὴνἐνεργουμένηνἐνἡμῖν,21αὐτῷἡδόξαἐντῇἐκκλησίᾳκαὶἐνΧριστῷἸησοῦεἰςπάσαςτὰςγενεὰςτοῦαἰῶνοςτῶναἰώνων,ἀμήν.

Philiippians: 4:20 To our God and Father be glory forever and ever. Amen. τῷδὲθεῷκαὶπατρὶἡμῶνἡδόξαεἰςτοὺςαἰῶναςτῶναἰώνων,ἀμήν.First Timothy: 1:17

TotheKingoftheages,immortal,invisible,theonlyGod,behonorandgloryforeverandever.Amen.

1doxology /dɒkˈsɒlədʒi/ ■ noun (plural doxologies) a liturgical formula of praise to God. – DERIVATIVES doxological adjective – ORIGIN 17th century: via medieval Latin from Greek doxologia, from doxa ‘appearance, glory’ + -logia (see -LOGY).[Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson, Concise Oxford English Dictionary, 11th ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press,

2004).]=================================================dox•ol•o•gy \däk-ˈsä-lə-jē\ nounplural -gies [Medieval Latin doxologia, from Late Greek, from Greek doxa opinion, glory (from dokein to seem, seem good) +

-logia -logy — more at DECENT] circa 1645 : a usually liturgical expression of praise to God[Inc Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary., Eleventh ed. (Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, Inc.,

2003).] 25 25-27 {C} include 16.25-27 here (see 14.23; 15.33) P61 א B C D 81 256 263 365 436 1319 1573 1739 1852 1962 2127 2200

2464 itar, b, d*, f, o vg syrp copsa, bo eth Origenlat mssacc. to Origenlat Hilary Ambrosiaster Pelagius Jerome Augustine // include 16.25-27 here and after 14.23 A P 0150 33 104 459 arm geo1 // include 16.25-27 after 14.23 only Ψ 0209vid 6 424 1175 1241 1881 1912 Byz [L] Lect itguevid,

(monvid) vgmss syrh geo2 slav mssacc. to Origenlat Chrysostom // include 16.25-27 after 15.33 P46 (1506, but omit 16.1-24) // omit 16.25-27 F (G, but leaves space at 14.23) itd2?, g; mssacc. to Jerome

[Kurt Aland, Matthew Black, Carlo M. Martini et al., The Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition (With Apparatus); The Greek New Testament, 4th Revised Edition (With Apparatus) (Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft; Stuttgart, 2000; 2009).]

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Τῷ δὲ βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων, ἀφθάρτῳ ἀοράτῳ μόνῳ θεῷ, τιμὴ καὶ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶναἰώνων,ἀμήν.

Second Timothy: 4:18 To him be the glory forever and ever. Amen. ᾧἡδόξαεἰςτοὺςαἰῶναςτῶναἰώνων,ἀμήν.Hebrews: 13:21b to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen. ᾧἡδόξαεἰςτοὺςαἰῶνας[τῶναἰώνων],ἀμήν.First Peter: 4:11 To him belong the glory and the power forever and ever. Amen. ᾧἐστινἡδόξακαὶτὸκράτοςεἰςτοὺςαἰῶναςτῶναἰώνων,ἀμήν. 5:11 To him be the power forever and ever. Amen. αὐτῷτὸκράτοςεἰςτοὺςαἰῶνας,ἀμήν.Second Peter: 3:18 To him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. Amen. αὐτῷἡδόξακαὶνῦνκαὶεἰςἡμέραναἰῶνος.[ἀμήν.]Jude: 25:

totheonlyGodourSavior,throughJesusChristourLord,beglory,majesty,power,andauthority,before all time and now and forever. Amen. μόνῳθεῷσωτῆριἡμῶνδιὰἸησοῦΧριστοῦτοῦκυρίουἡμῶνδόξαμεγαλωσύνηκράτοςκαὶἐξουσίαπρὸπαντὸςτοῦαἰῶνοςκαὶνῦνκαὶεἰςπάνταςτοὺςαἰῶνας,ἀμήν.

Revelation: 1:5b-6

Tohimwho lovesusandfreedus fromoursinsbyhisblood,andmadeus tobeakingdom,priestsservinghisGodandFather,tohimbegloryanddominionforeverandever.Amen. Τῷἀγαπῶντι ἡμᾶς καὶ λύσαντι ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῶνἁμαρτιῶνἡμῶν ἐν τῷαἵματι αὐτοῦ,καὶ ἐποίησενἡμᾶςβασιλείαν,ἱερεῖςτῷθεῷκαὶπατρὶαὐτοῦ,αὐτῷἡδόξακαὶτὸκράτοςεἰςτοὺςαἰῶνας[τῶναἰώνων]·ἀμήν.

4:11“You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for you created all things, and by your will they existed and were created.” ἄξιος εἶ, ὁ κύριος καὶ ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν, λαβεῖν τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν καὶ τὴν δύναμιν, ὅτι σὺ ἔκτισας τὰ πάντα καὶ διὰ τὸ θέλημά σου ἦσαν καὶ ἐκτίσθησαν.

5:13“TotheoneseatedonthethroneandtotheLambbeblessingandhonorandgloryandmightforeverandever!” τῷκαθημένῳἐπὶτῷθρόνῳκαὶτῷἀρνίῳἡεὐλογίακαὶἡτιμὴκαὶἡδόξακαὶτὸκράτοςεἰςτοὺςαἰῶναςτῶναἰώνων.

7:12“Amen!BlessingandgloryandwisdomandthanksgivingandhonorandpowerandmightbetoourGodforeverandever!Amen.”ἀμήν,ἡεὐλογίακαὶἡδόξακαὶἡσοφίακαὶἡεὐχαριστίακαὶἡτιμὴκαὶἡδύναμιςκαὶἡἰσχὺςτῷθεῷἡμῶνεἰςτοὺςαἰῶναςτῶναἰώνων·ἀμήν.

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==============================HebrewBibleBlessings3====================================Genesis 24:27

“BlessedbetheLORD,theGodofmymasterAbraham,whohasnotforsakenhissteadfastloveandhisfaithfulnesstowardmymaster.Asforme,theLORDhasledmeonthewaytothehouseofmymaster’skin.” ΕὐλογητὸςκύριοςὁθεὸςτοῦκυρίουμουΑβρααμ,ὃςοὐκἐγκατέλιπεντὴνδικαιοσύνηναὐτοῦκαὶτὴνἀλήθειανἀπὸτοῦκυρίουμου·ἐμὲεὐόδωκενκύριοςεἰςοἶκοντοῦἀδελφοῦτοῦκυρίουμου.†4

ויאמר ברוך יהוה אלהי אדני אברהם אשר לא־עזב חסדו ואמתו מעם אדני אנכי בדרך נחני יהוה בית אחי אדני׃5

Deuteronomy: 32:3 ForIwillproclaimthenameoftheLORD;ascribegreatnesstoourGod! ὅτιὄνομακυρίουἐκάλεσα·δότεμεγαλωσύνηντῷθεῷἡμῶν.†

3 כי שם יהוה אקרא הבו גדל לאלהינו׃

First Samuel 25:32 BlessedbetheLORD,theGodofIsrael,whosentyoutomeetmetoday! ΕὐλογητὸςκύριοςὁθεὸςΙσραηλ,ὃςἀπέστειλένσεσήμερονἐνταύτῃεἰςἀπάντησίνμου,†

32 ויאמר דוד לאביגל ברוך יהוה אלהי ישראל אשר שלחך היום הזה

לקראתי׃ 25:39

“BlessedbetheLORDwhohasjudgedthecaseofNabal’sinsulttome,andhaskeptbackhisservantfromevil;theLORDhasreturnedtheevildoingofNabaluponhisownhead.”Εὐλογητὸςκύριος,ὃς ἔκρινεν τὴνκρίσιν τοῦὀνειδισμοῦμουἐκχειρὸςΝαβαλκαὶ τὸνδοῦλοναὐτοῦπεριεποιήσατοἐκχειρὸςκακῶν,καὶ τὴνκακίανΝαβαλἀπέστρεψενκύριοςεἰςκεφαλὴναὐτοῦ.

39 וישמע דוד כי מת נבל ויאמר ברוך יהוה אשר רב את־ריב חרפתי מיד

נבל ואת־עבדו חשך מרעה ואת רעת נבל השיב יהוה בראשו וישלח דודוידבר באביגיל לקחתה לו לאשה׃

Second Samuel: 18:28

“BlessedbetheLORDyourGod,whohasdeliveredupthemenwhoraisedtheirhandagainstmylordtheking.”Εὐλογητὸςκύριοςὁθεόςσου,ὃςἀπέκλεισεντοὺςἄνδραςτοὺςμισοῦνταςτὴνχεῖρααὐτῶνἐντῷκυρίῳμουτῷβασιλεῖ.†

28 ויקרא אחימעץ ויאמר אל־המלך שלום וישתחו למלך לאפיו ארצה

ויאמר ברוך יהוה אלהיך אשר סגר את־האנשים אשר־נשאו את־ידםבאדני המלך׃

First Kings: 1:48

“BlessedbetheLORD,theGodofIsrael,whotodayhasgrantedoneofmyoffspringtositonmythroneandpermittedmetowitnessit.”ΕὐλογητὸςκύριοςὁθεὸςΙσραηλ,ὃςἔδωκενσήμερονἐκτοῦσπέρματόςμουκαθήμενονἐπὶτοῦθρόνουμου,καὶοἱὀφθαλμοίμουβλέπουσιν.†

3These Old Testament texts are the ‘blessings’ passages (Εὐλογητὸς; ברוך) that reflect the worship and praise of God in ancient Israel, that laid the foundation for the doxology (type 2 in some assessments) in later Jewish and early Christian worship. They became the model for the thanksgivine expressions in the letter Proema found mostly in Paul’s letters inside the New Testament.

4Septuaginta: SESB Edition, ed. Alfred Rahlfs and Robert Hanhart (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2006), Ge 24:275Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia : SESB Version., electronic ed. (Stuttgart: German Bible Society, 2003), Ge 24:27.

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וגם־ככה אמר המלך ברוך יהוה אלהי ישראל אשר נתן היום ישב 48

על־כסאי ועיני ראות׃

First Chronicles 16:28 AscribetotheLORD,Ofamiliesofthepeoples,ascribetotheLORDgloryandstrength. δότετῷκυρίῳ,πατριαὶτῶνἐθνῶν,δότετῷκυρίῳδόξανκαὶἰσχύν·†

28 הבו ליהוה משפחות עמים הבו ליהוה כבוד ועז׃

16:36BlessedbetheLORD,theGodofIsrael,fromeverlastingtoeverlasting.Thenallthepeoplesaid“Amen!”andpraisedtheLORD.εὐλογημένοςκύριοςὁθεὸςΙσραηλἀπὸτοῦαἰῶνοςκαὶἕωςτοῦαἰῶνος·καὶἐρεῖπᾶςὁλαόςΑμην.καὶᾔνεσαντῷκυρίῳ.†

36ברוך יהוה אלהי ישראל מן־העולם ועד העלם ויאמרו כל־העם אמן

והלל ליהוה׃Psalm 28:6 BlessedbetheLORD,forhehasheardthesoundofmypleadings. εὐλογητὸςκύριος,ὅτιεἰσήκουσεντῆςφωνῆςτῆςδεήσεώςμου.†[=27:6]

6 ברוך יהוה כי־שמע קול תחנוני׃

31:21 (MT31:22)BlessedbetheLORD,forhehaswondrouslyshownhissteadfastlovetomewhenIwasbesetas a city under seige. εὐλογητὸςκύριος,ὅτιἐθαυμάστωσεντὸἔλεοςαὐτοῦἐνπόλειπεριοχῆς.†[30:22]

ברוך יהוה כי הפליא חסדו לי בעיר מצור׃ 22

41:13 BlessedbetheLORD,theGodofIsrael,fromeverlastingtoeverlasting.AmenandAmen. ΕὐλογητὸςκύριοςὁθεὸςΙσραηλἀπὸτοῦαἰῶνοςκαὶεἰςτὸναἰῶνα.γένοιτογένοιτο.†

14ברוך יהוה׀ אלהי ישראל מהעולם ועד העולם אמן׀ ואמן׃

68:19BlessedbetheLord,whodailybearsusup;Godisoursalvation.Selahεὐλογητὸςκύριοςἡμέρανκαθʼἡμέραν,κατευοδώσειἡμῖνὁθεὸςτῶνσωτηρίωνἡμῶν.διάψαλμα.†[67:20]

20ברוך אדני יום׀ יום יעמס־לנו האל ישועתנו סלה׃

68:35AwesomeisGodinhissanctuary,theGodofIsrael;hegivespowerandstrengthtohispeople.BlessedbeGod!θαυμαστὸςὁθεὸςἐντοῖςἁγίοιςαὐτοῦ·ὁθεὸςΙσραηλαὐτὸςδώσειδύναμινκαὶκραταίωσιντῷλαῷαὐτοῦ.εὐλογητὸςὁθεός.†[67:36]

63 נורא אלהים ממקדשיך אל ישראל הוא נתן׀ עז ותעצמות לעם ברוך

אלהים׃ 72:19

Blessedbehisgloriousnameforever;mayhisgloryfillthewholeearth.AmenandAmen. καὶ εὐλογητὸν τὸ ὄνομα τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος, καὶπληρωθήσεταιτῆςδόξηςαὐτοῦπᾶσαἡγῆ.γένοιτογένοιτο.†[71:19]

19 וברוך׀ שם כבודו לעולם וימלא כבודו את־כל הארץ אמן׀ ואמן׃

89:52 BlessedbetheLORDforever.AmenandAmen. Εὐλογητὸςκύριοςεἰςτὸναἰῶνα.γένοιτογένοιτο.†[88:53]

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53 ברוך יהוה לעולם אמן׀ ואמן׃

106:48BlessedbetheLORD,theGodofIsrael,fromeverlastingtoeverlasting.Andletallthepeoplesay,“Amen.”PraisetheLORD!ΕὐλογητὸςκύριοςὁθεὸςΙσραηλἀπὸτοῦαἰῶνοςκαὶἕωςτοῦαἰῶνος.καὶἐρεῖπᾶςὁλαόςΓένοιτογένοιτο.†[105:48]

48 ברוך־יהוה אלהי ישראל מן־העולם׀ ועד העולם ואמר כל־העם אמן

הללו־יה׃Psalms of Solomon. 17:3-4

ButwehopeinGod,ourdeliverer;ForthemightofourGodisforeverwithmercy,4AndthekingdomofourGodisforeveroverthenationsinjudgement.6ἡμεῖςδὲἐλπιοῦμενἐπὶτὸνθεὸνσωτῆραἡμῶν·ὅτιτὸκράτοςτοῦθεοῦἡμῶνεἰςτὸναἰῶναμετʼἐλέους,καὶἡβασιλείατοῦθεοῦἡμῶνεἰςτὸναἰῶναἐπὶτὰἔθνηἐνκρίσει.†

===============================Dictionary Articles==================================

GeraldF.Hawthorne,RalphP.MartinandDanielG.Reid,Dictionary of Paul and His Letters(DownersGrove,IL:InterVarsityPress,1993),69.

3.Doxology. Doxologiesareshort,spontaneousascriptionsofpraisetoGodwhichfrequentlyappearasconcludingformulae toprayers,hymnicexpressions(seeHymns)andsectionsofPaul’s letters.Theirbasicstructure isthreefold.First,thepersontowhompraiseisascribedismentioned(“toourGodandFather,”Phil4:20).Thenfollowsthewordofpraise,usuallydoxa(“glory,”oranequivalent),andfinally,thedoxologyconcludeswithatemporaldescription,normallyaneternityformula(“foreverandever”).Inmostcasesthedoxologyisfollowedby“amen.” ThefirstelementintheseNTascriptionsofpraiseisthemostvariable:theonetowhomgloryisgivenmaybeexpressedbyarelativepronoun(“whom,”Gal1:5;“him,”Rom11:36),aGreekparticipialexpression(“Godwhoisabletostrengthenyou,”Rom16:25)orasimplenoun(“theKingoftheages,”1Tim1:17).Theas-criptioninPhilippians4:20isparticularlyappropriate:Paulascribesglory“toourGodandFather.”AtPhilippians4:19heusedtheintenselypersonalexpression“myGod”toassurethePhilippiansthathisGodwouldactonhisbehalftofulfillalltheirneeds.Nowhechangestotheplural“our”asheuniteshimselfwithhisconvertsinthisascription of praise. Thesecondelementofthedoxologyistheascriptionof“glory”(honor,greatnessorpower)whichprop-erlybelongstoGodandis,therefore,rightlyascribedtohim.IntheOTdoxawasprimarilythebrightnessorradi-anceofGod’spresence.TogiveGodgloryisnottoaddsomethingtohim;rather,itisanactiveacknowledgmentorextollingofwhatheisorhasalreadydone(Ps29:2;96:8).Althoughmanydoxologiescontainnoverb,theindicative“is”or“belongs”ispresupposed:thedoxologyisanaffirmationratherthanawish.SoinGalatians1:5glorybelongstoGodforitwasinaccordancewithhiswillthatthe“LordJesusChrist…gavehimselfforoursinstosetusfreefromthepresentevilage.” The third featureofPaul’sdoxologies is the temporalexpression “foreverandever” (literally, “to theagesoftheages”).Thiseternityformula,whichisuniquetotheNT(cf.Gal1:5;1Tim1:17;2Tim4:18),isamoreemphaticvariationof thecommonLXXexpressionwhichmeans“foralleternity” inanunlimitedsense(cf.Ps84:5).Paul’sascriptionofglorytoGodisnotrestrictedto“thisage”butbelongsto“theagetocome”aswell.ThespontaneousendorsementofthedoxologyinPhilippians4:20isutteredinthe“amen”whichfollows,aresponseutteredonsolemnoccasionsintheOTtoconfirmacurseoradjuration,toacceptablessingortoassociateoneselfwithadoxology.EachofthedoxologieswhichconcludethefirstfourbooksoftheOTpsalter(Ps41:13;72:19;89:52;106:48)endswithan“amen,”whileprayersanddoxologiesintheNTarestrengthenedandendorsedbyit(Rom1:25;Gal1:5).The“amen”makesitclearthatPaul’sascriptionofpraiseisnotsimplyamatterofthelips,butisthespontaneousresponseofhiswholebeing.Elsewherehestrikinglyconnectsbeliev-ers’responseof“amen”tothefaithfulnessofGodwhohassaidyestoallhispromisesinChrist(2Cor1:20).

6Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, ed. Robert Henry Charles (Bellingham, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 2004), Ps Sol 17:3-4.

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RalphP.MartinandPeterH.Davids,Dictionary of the Later New Testament and Its Developments,electroniced.(DownersGrove,IL:InterVarsityPress,2000).

1.2.Doxologies.OutofgratitudeforGod’sredeeminggrace,earlyChristianswereconstantlyofferingpraise(seeActs2:46;4:24).JustasinthePaulineletters,twodoxologicalformulaearefoundinthisgroupofwritings.Oneisexpressedbytheformula“Blessed[be]God”(alsoknownastheBerakhah,orEulogy;1Pet1:3;cf.2Cor1:3;Eph1:3),whichisacommonexpressioninOTworshipandalsoresemblestheShemonehEsreh,theEigh-teenBenedictionsusedinthesynagogue.Theotherisexpressedbythephrase“tohimbeglory[anddominion]foreverandever,”whichislessformalinstructurebutmorecommonlyused(e.g.,Heb13:21b;1Pet4:11;5:11;2Pet3:18;Jude24–25;Rev1:6;5:13;7:12).Theformertypeoftenoccursatthebeginningofaletterandthelatterattheendofaletterorasection(e.g.,1Pet4:11),sometimeswithaliturgical“amen”attachedtoit.ButexceptionsarealsofoundintheApocalypse,wheredoxologicalexpressionsareplacedinvariouscontextstomaximizethetoneofworship.Somefollowthecommonformula“toGodbegloryforeverandever”(Rev1:6;5:13;7:12),andsomebeginwiththeexpressionaxiosei/estin(“worthyartthou”/“ishe”;Rev4:11;5:9,11).Althoughmostof thedoxologies in thisgroupofwritings follow the formulaicexpressions, theymayalsobemodifiedwithmotifsthatbringoutmeaningsrelevanttothereaders(Lane,565).Forexample,thedoxologyinJudehasbeenconsideredasoneofthemostfulsomedoxologiesintheNT(Martin,66).Itcontainsadeclara-tivepraiseforGod’sspecificdeeds(“tokeepyoufromfallingandtopresentyouwithoutblemish,”Jude24)andadescriptivepraiseforwhoGodis(“theonlyGod,ourSavior,”Jude25;inWestermann’sdefinitions,31),anditisexpressedwithmotifsevidentlytailoredtomeetthesubjectiveneedsofthereaderswhosefaithwasendan-geredbythefalseteachingsoftheintruders(Martin,80–81).ManydoxologiesintheApocalypsearealsomoreelaborateincontent(cf.Rev4:11;5:12,13).SomeofthemaredirectedtoChrist(Rev5:9,12,13)withsimilarwordingsasthosedirectedtoGod(cf.Rev4:11;7:12).Thepurposeistoemphasizehisdeity,therebycomfortingthesufferingreadersduringtheimperialpersecution.Doxologiesarenotconfinedtoalimitedrangeofthoughtorstereotypedexpression(Delling,65;cf.Piper,17).

AllenC.Myers,The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary(GrandRapids,Mich.:Eerdmans,1987),293.

DOXOLOGY(fromGk.doxología,dóxa“praise”andlógos“utterance”).†AnexpressionofpraisetoGod.Acom-monOldTestamentformulais“BlessedbetheLord”(e.g.,Gen.24:27),inwhichthespeakermentionsGod’sactivitiesinthelivesofhispeople.Anotherformulais“AscribetotheLordglory”(e.g.,Ps.29:1).ScholarsbelievethattheOldTestamentcongregationvoicedsuchdoxologiesattheconclusionofhymnsandprayers(1Chr.16:36),though1Chr.29:10–13recordssimilarpraiseintheopeninglinesofoneofDavid’sprayers(cf.Dan.2:20–23).TheNewTestamenthasretainedbothOldTestamentformulasforthedoxology(e.g.,Luke1:68;Rom.16:27).InPaul’sepistles,doxologiesoccurinthesalutation(Gal.1:5),asopeningthanksgiving(2Cor.1:3–5),asafinalexhortation(1Tim.6:15–16),andinclosingcomments(Phil.4:20).UsuallythefocusofpraiseisonGodtheFa-ther,buttwiceatleasttheNewTestamentgivesadoxologyinbehalfofChrist—bythecrowdthatpraisedJesusduringhistriumphalentryintoJerusalem(Matt.21:9par.Mark11:9;Luke19:38)andbythefourlivingcreaturesandtwenty-fourelderswhomagnifythenameoftheLambatRev.5:12.AtRom.16:27thevariousversionsat-tribute glory to God through Jesus Christ.ThedoxologyatthecloseoftheLord’sPrayerisomittedbyLuke(Luke11:4)andisnotfoundinthemajorandmorereliablemanuscriptsofMatthew’sgospel(Matt.6:13;cf.RSVmg.,JBmg.,NIVmg.;KJV“Forthineisthekingdom,andthepower,andtheglory,forever”).Thisendingmaybebasedon1Chr.29:11.ItisincludedintheDidacheaswell(8:2;cf.9:2–4;10:2,4–5fortheexpressionofpraiseinothercontexts).

DavidNoelFreedman,AllenC.MyersandAstridB.Beck,EerdmansDictionaryof theBible (GrandRapids,Mich.:W.B.Eerdmans,2000),355-56.

DOXOLOGYAshortformulaexpressingpraisetoGod(Gk.doxologɩa,fromdóxa,“glory,”andlógos,“speaking”).Suchformu-laicexpressionsarefoundthroughouttheOTandNT.

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DoxologicstatementsoccurintheOTmostfrequentlyinthePsalms(Ps.28:6;31:21[MT22];41:13[14];68:19,35[20,36];72:18;89:52[53];106:48),buttheyarealsofoundattheendofsongsorhymns(1Chr.16:36)andasprayers(1Sam.25:32).Anumberofstandardformsoccur,mostcommonlydescribingGodorGod’sactionsas“blessed”:e.g.,“BlessedbetheLord”(Gen.24:27;1Sam.25:39;2Sam.18:28;Ps.28:6)or“BlessedbetheLord,theGodofIsrael”(1Kgs.1:48;1Chr.16:36;Ps.41:13[14]).TheseexpressionsarefrequentlycompletedwithanenumerationoftheactionsperformedbyGod.ThedoxologyofPs.119:12isthelikelyfoundationfortherabbinicBerakot,orblessings,thatdevelopedlaterandattainedthetraditionalformsthatcontinuetobeusedinJewishworship.OthercommonformsfordoxologywithintheOTinclude“ascribetotheLordglory”(1Chr.16:28)or“ascribegreatnesstotheLord”(Deut.32:3).TheobjectofdoxologyintheNTandtheearlyChurchappearstohavebeenalmostexclusivelyGod,ratherthanChrist(e.g.,Rom.11:36),althoughsuchpraiseofGodisoccasionally“through”Christ(16:27).Possibledoxolo-giesdirectedtoChristcanbefoundinGal.1:5;2Tim.4:18;1Pet.4:11,althoughthetextisnotentirelycleartowhompraiseorgloryisdirected.Paulinedoxologiesfrequentlytaketheform“to[God]bethegloryforeverandever,Amen”(Gal.1:5;Rom.11:36;Phil.4:20;cf.Eph.3:20–21).TheseearlyChristiandoxologieswerelatermodifiedinlightofArianismandthetrinitariancontroversiesanddirected“totheSonandtotheHolySpirit.”MATTHEWS.COLLINS

ChadBrand,CharlesDraper,ArchieEnglandetal.,HolmanIllustratedBibleDictionary(Nashville,TN:HolmanBiblePublishers,2003),441.

DOXOLOGYBriefformulaforexpressingpraiseorglorytoGod.Doxologiesgenerallycontaintwoele-ments,anascriptionofpraisetoGod(usuallyreferredtointhirdperson)andanexpressionofHisinfinitenature.Theterm“doxology”(“wordofglory”)itselfisnotfoundintheBible,butboththeOTandNTcontainmanydoxo-logical passages using this formula. Biblicaldoxologiesarefoundinmanycontexts,butoneoftheirchieffunctionsseemstohavebeenasaconclusiontosongs(Exod.15:18),psalms(Ps.146:10),andprayers(Matt.6:13),wheretheypossiblyservedasgroupresponsestosolosingingorrecitation.Doxologiesconcludefourofthefivedivisionsofthepsalter(Ps.41:13;72:19;89:52;106:48),withPs.150servingasasortofdoxologytotheentirecollection.DoxologiesalsooccuratorneartheendofseveralNTbooks(Rom.16:27;Phil.4:20;1Tim.6:16;2Tim.4:18;Heb.13:21;1Pet.5:11;2Pet.3:18;Jude25)andfigureprominentlyintheRevelation(1:6;4:8;5:13;7:12).

DavidW.Music

J.D.Douglas,EarleE.CairnsandJamesE.Ruark,The New International Dictionary of the Christian Church. (GrandRapids:ZondervanPublishingHouse,1978),312.

DOXOLOGY.Fromthesamerootas“dogma,”theancientformationdoxa,“thatwhichseemedtoone,”camebythefourthcenturyB.C.toidentifythe“reputation”or“fame”ofanother.TheextensiontogodsorGod(“Hisfame”)wasmadeinSeptuaginttranslationandinmagicalGreekpapyri,andfromthiscameintheGreekofthepatristicperiodbothverbalandnominalformsassociatedwiththeutteringofpraiseingeneral(doxologia).Morespecifically,theGloriainExcelsis(adaptedfromLuke2:14,intheApostolicConstitutions*)andtheGloriaPatria(aTrinitarianliturgicalconclusionforPsalms,enlargedwithananti-Ariancounter-clause)arecalledgreaterandlesser,whileinEnglishReformationcirclestheDoxologyreferstoarefrainwhichclosedthreehymnsbyThomasKen.

CLYDECURRYSMITH

F.L.CrossandElizabethA.Livingstone,The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church,3rded.rev.(Oxford;NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,2005),510.

Doxology.Anascriptionofglory(Gk.δόξαtothePersonsoftheHolyTrinity.(1)TheGreaterDoxologyisthe*GloriainExcelsis.(2)TheLesserDoxologyisthe*GloriaPatri.(3)Metricalforms,insomecaseswithspecialreferencetoaparticularmysteryofChristorseasonoftheChurch,wereappendedtothehymnsofthe*Breviary,

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andinlatertimestootherhymnsalso.AmongthemostfamiliaroftheseinEnglishistheversewhichbegins‘PraiseGodfromWhomallblessingsflow’,writtenbyT.*Ken.

J.A.Jungmann,SJ,DieStellungChristiimliturgischenGebet(LiturgiegeschichtlicheForschungen,7–8;1925;2ndedn.,ibid.19–20;1962),pp.151–68;Eng.tr.(1965),pp.172–90,withrefs.J.M.Hanssens,SJ,LaLiturgied’Hippolyte (OrientaliaChristianaAnalecta, 155; 1959), pp. 343–70 (‘LesDoxologies de la liturgie hippolyti-enne’).A.*FortescueinCE5(1909),pp.150f.;H.*Leclercq,OSB,inDACL4(1921),cols.1525–36;A.StuiberinRAC4(1959),cols.210–26.alls.v.

ArthurG.PatziaandAnthonyJ.Petrotta,PocketDictionaryofBiblicalStudies(DownersGrove,Ill.:InterVarsityPress,2002),38.

doxology.IntheNT,aformofpraise,blessingorglorytoGod(Gkdoxa,“praise,glory,”+legō,“tospeak”)usedinthecontextofworshipandoftenendingwithan“Amen.”Philippians4:20offersoneexample:“ToourGodandFatherbegloryforeverandever.Amen”(cf.Rom1:25;16:27;Eph3:21;1Tim1:17;Rev1:6;7:12).

MartinH.Manser, Zondervan Dictionary of Bible Themes. The Accessible and Comprehensive Tool for Topical Studies(GrandRapids,MI:ZondervanPublishingHouse,1999).

8646doxology

AformofwordsthatofferspraisetoGod,especiallyforhisworkofcreationandredemption.Scripturerecordsanumber of these forms of praise which were used in both public and private worship.

DoxologiesusedintheformalworshipofIsrael1Ch29:10-13SeealsoPs41:13;72:18-19;106:48;150:1-6

DoxologiesusedinthespontaneouspraiseofGod’speopleRo11:33-36SeealsoPs57:5,11;Mt21:9ppMk11:9-10ppLk19:38;Gal1:5;Eph3:21;Php4:20;1Ti1:17

DoxologiesusedasabenedictionJude24-25SeealsoEph3:20-21;Ro16:25-27;Heb13:20-21;2Pe3:18

DoxologiesusedinheavenlyworshipRev5:12-13SeealsoIsa6:3;Lk2:13-14;Rev4:8,11;5:9-14;7:12;19:1

See also1045God,gloryof1060God,greatnessof2321 Christ as redeemer4114 angels and praise7927hymn8444 honouring God8624worship,reasons8632adoration8638benedictions8664praise8676thanksgiving

=========================================================Doxology7FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxology

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Adoxology(fromtheGreekδόξα[doxa]“glory”+-λογία[-logia],“saying”)[1]isashorthymnofpraisestoGodinvariousChristianworshipservices,oftenaddedtotheendofcanticles,psalms,andhymns.ThetraditionderivesfromasimilarpracticeintheJewishsynagogue,[2]wheresomeversionoftheKaddishservestoterminateeachsection of the service.Contents[hide]

1Trinitariandoxology 1.1 Gloria Patri1.2“PraiseGod,fromWhomallblessingsflow”1.3EucharisticDoxology2Lord’sprayerdoxology3Otherdoxologies4Derivations 5 See also6References7Externallinks

[edit]Trinitariandoxology

AmongChristiantraditionsadoxologyistypicallyasungexpressionofpraisetotheHolyTrinity,theFather,theSonandtheHolySpirit.Itiscommoninhighhymnsforthefinalversetotaketheformofadoxology.Doxolo-giesoccurintheEucharisticprayers,theLiturgyoftheHours,hymnsandvariousCatholicdevotionssuchasnovenasandtheRosary.[edit]GloriaPatri GloriaPatrisettingbyHenryWellingtonGreatorexSolo organ recordingProblemslisteningtothisfile?Seemediahelp.Mainarticle:GloryBetotheFather

TheGloriaPatri,sonamedforitsfirsttwowordsinLatin,iscommonlyusedasadoxologybyRomanCatho-lics,OldCatholics,IndependentCatholics,Orthodox,Anglicans,andmanyProtestantsincludingPresbyterians,Lutherans,Methodists,andReformedBaptists.Itiscalledthe“LesserDoxology”,thusdistinguishedfromthe“GreatDoxology”GloriainExcelsisDeo,andisoftencalledsimply“thedoxology”.AswellaspraisingGod,itwasregardedasashortdeclarationoffaithintheco-equalityofthethreePersonsoftheHolyTrinity.

TheLatintext,

GloriaPatri,etFilio,etSpirituiSancto.Sicuteratinprincipio,etnunc,etsemper,etinsæculasæculorum.Amen.

is literally translated

Glory[be]totheFather,andtotheSon,andtotheHolyGhost.Asitwasinthebeginning,bothnow,andal-ways,andtotheagesofages.Amen.

“Saeculasaeculorum”,hererendered“agesofages”,isthetranslationofwhatwasprobablyaSemiticidiom,viaKoineGreek,meaning“forever.”Itisalsorendered“worldwithoutend”inEnglish,whichhasthesamemeaning.ThatphraseoccursintheKingJamesBible(cf.Eph.3:21;Isa.45:17).Similarly,“etsemper”isoftenrendered“andevershallbe”,givingthemoremetricalEnglishversion

...Asitwasinthebeginning,isnowandevershallbe,worldwithoutend.Amen.

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ThecommonLiturgyoftheHoursdoxology,asapprovedbytheU.S.ConferenceofCatholicBishops,usesadifferenttranslationofthesameLatin:

GlorytotheFather,andtotheSon,andtotheHolySpirit:asitwasinthebeginning,isnow,andwillbeforever. Amen.

ThemostcommonlyencounteredOrthodoxEnglishversion:

GlorytotheFather,andtotheSon,andtotheHolySpirit,bothnow,andever,anduntotheagesofages.Amen

ThemodernAnglicanversion(foundinCommonWorship)isslightlydifferent:

GlorybetotheFatherandtotheSonandtotheHolySpirit;asitwasinthebeginningisnowandevershallbe,worldwithoutend.Amen.

[edit]“PraiseGod,fromWhomallblessingsflow”

AnotherdoxologyinwidespreaduseinEnglish,insomeProtestanttraditionscommonlyreferredtosimplyas“TheDoxology”andinothersas“TheCommonDoxology”,[3]is“PraiseGod,fromWhomAllBlessingsFlow”.The words are thus:

PraiseGod,fromWhomallblessingsflow;PraiseHim,allcreaturesherebelow;PraiseHimabove,yeHeavenlyHost;PraiseFather,Son,andHolyGhost.Amen.

Thishymnwaswritten in1674byThomasKen,anAnglicanBishopoftheDioceseofBathandWells intheChurchofEngland.[4]Thishymnwasoriginallythefinalverseoftwolongerhymnsentitled“Awake,MySoul,andWiththeSun”,[5]and“Glorytothee,myGod,thisnight”,[6]writtenbyKenformorningandeveningwor-ship,respectively.Itisusuallysungtothetune“Old100th”,butalsoto“DukeStreet”byJohnHatton,“Lasstunserfreuen”,and“TheEighthTune”byThomasTallis,amongothers.ManyMennonitechurches,especiallythosecomposedprimarilyofethnicMennonites,singalongerandmorehighlyembellishedversionofthisdoxologytothetune“DedicationAnthem”bySamuelStanley.[7]ThisversionmorefullyutilizestheacappellaharmonizingforwhichMennoniteservicesareknown.(InMennonitecircles,thedoxologyiscommonlyknownas“606”foritshymnnumberinTheMennoniteHymnal[1969],andcolloquiallyknownasthe“MennoniteNationalAnthem.”StudentsatGoshenCollegeinGoshen,Ind.,standandsingthedoxologywhen6:06remainsinasoccergame--aslongasGosheniswinningthegame.)

KenwrotethishymnatatimewhentheestablishedchurchbelievedonlyScriptureshouldbesungashymns,with an emphasis on the Psalms. Some considered it sinful and blasphemous to write new lyrics for church mu-sic,akintoaddingtotheScriptures.Inthatatmosphere,KenwrotethisandseveralotherhymnsfortheboysatWinchesterCollege,withstrictinstructionsthattheyusethemonlyintheirrooms,forprivatedevotions.Ironically,thelaststanzahascomeintowidespreaduseastheDoxology,perhapsthemostfrequentlyusedpieceofmusicinpublicworship.AtKen’srequest,thehymnwassungathisfuneral,fittinglyheldatsunrise.[8]

Tobemoregender-neutralinreferencestotheGodhead,denominationssuchastheDisciplesofChristhaveal-teredthewordingofTheDoxology,replacing“Him”with“God”and“Father”with“Creator”.Otherversions,suchasintheCanadianAnglicanhymnalCommonPraise,theUnitedChurchofCanadahymnalVoicesUnited,andtheUnitedChurchofChristNewCenturyHymnal,maketheaforementionedchangesandothersaswell,suchasreplacing“heavenlyhost”withareferencetoGod’slove.Forexample,theUnitedChurchofChristversionhas been revised to:

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PraiseGodfromwhomallblessingsflow;PraiseGod,allcreaturesherebelow;PraiseGodforallthatlovehasdone;Creator,Christ,andSpirit,One.

Supporters and detractors of such changes mirror the more general controversies regarding gender-neutral language and liberal theology.[edit]EucharisticDoxology

IntheRomanCatholicEucharisticPrayersoftheMassofPaulVIthedoxologyconcludestheEucharisticPrayeritselfandprecedes theOurFather. It is typicallysungby thepresidingpriestalongwithanyconcelebratingpriests.ThetextoftheEucharisticDoxology:

ThroughHim,withHim,inHim,intheunityoftheHolySpirit,allgloryandhonourisyoursAlmightyFather,forever and ever. Amen.

-TheRomanMissal,2002

ThisdoxologyisderivedfromtheonethatconcludestheCanonintheTridentineMass:

Latin:Peripsum,etcumipso,etinipso,esttibiDeoPatriomnipotentiinunitateSpiritusSancti,omnishonoret gloria. Per omnia saecula saeculorum. Amen.English:ThroughHim,andwithHim,andinHim,isuntoThee,GodtheFatheralmighty,intheunityoftheHolySpirit,allhonourandglory,throughallagesofages.Amen.

[edit]Lord’sprayerdoxology

AccordingtotheCatechismoftheCatholicChurch“Forthekingdom,thepowerandthegloryareyours,nowandforever,”takesup“thefirstthreepetitionstoourFather:theglorificationofhisname,thecomingofhisreign,andthepowerofhissavingwill.Buttheseprayersarenowproclaimedasadorationandthanksgiving,asintheliturgyofheaven.Therulerofthisworldhasmendaciouslyattributedtohimselfthethreetitlesofkingship,power,andglory.Christ,theLord,restoresthemtohisFatherandourFather,untilhehandsoverthekingdomtohimwhenthemysteryofsalvationwillbebroughttoitscompletionandGodwillbeallinall.”[9]

AnotherfamiliardoxologyistheoneoftenaddedattheendoftheLord’sPrayer:“Forthineisthekingdom,andthepower,andtheglory,foreverandever,Amen.”ThisisfoundinmanuscriptsrepresentativeoftheByzantinetextofMatthew6:13,butnotinthemostancientmanuscripts.MostscholarsdonotconsideritpartoftheoriginaltextofMatthew,andmoderntranslationsdonotincludeit,mentioningitonlyinfootnotes.Thesamedoxology,intheform“Forthekingdom,thepower,andthegloryareyours,nowandforever”,isusedintheRomanRiteofMass,aftertheEmbolism.TheCatholicEncyclopedia(1914)statesthatthisdoxology“appearsintheGreektextusreceptusandhasbeenadoptedinthelatereditionsoftheBookofCommonPrayer,[and]isundoubtedlyaninterpolation.”TheCatechismoftheCatholicChurchreferstotheDidacheandApostolicConstitutions.[edit]Otherdoxologies

While also not specifically Trinitarian, another doxology sung to the tune of Old 100th is the familiar tableprayer:

Bepresentatourtable,LordBehereandeverywhereadoredThesemerciesblessandgrantthatwe(Or,alternatively,:ThypeopleblessandgrantthatweMaystrengthenedforThyservicebe(Or,alternatively,MayfeastinParadisewithThee.Also,MayfeastinfellowshipwithThee.Also,MayliveinfellowshipwithThee.) Amen

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AtMatins,OrthodoxworshipspecifiesaGreatDoxologyforfeastdaysandaSmallDoxologyforordinarydays.(BothincludetheGospeldoxologyGloriainExcelsisoftheangel’s(Luke2:14):GlorytoGodinthehighestandonearthpeace,goodwillamongmen.)AsubstantialportionofthisdoxologycomprisestheprayerGloriainex-celsisoftheRomanCatholicmass.

InUnitarianUniversalism,“theDoxology”referstoCurtisW.Reese’sadaptationof“Fromallthatdwellbelowtheskies”,an18th-centuryparaphraseofPsalm117byIsaacWatts:

Fromallthatdwellbelowtheskiesletsongsofhopeandfaitharise;(Or,alternatively,:letfaithandhopewithlovearise)letpeace,goodwillonearthbesung(Orletbeauty,truthandgoodbesung)througheveryland,byeverytongue.(Orineveryland,ineverytongue.)

SungtothetuneofOld100th,itoccupiesaplaceinaUnitarianservicethatwouldbefilledbyaChristiandoxol-ogy in a Christian service.

InPentecostalchurches,theDoxologyis“PraiseHim,PraiseHim”.Thesongwaswrittenaroundthe1980sforthe growing Pentecostal denominations in America:

PraiseHim,praiseHim,praiseHim,PraiseHim;BlessHisname,forHe’sworthytobepraised.Jesusisworthy,o,Jesusisworthytobepraised;PraiseHim,praiseHim,praiseHim,PraiseHim;BlessHisname,forHe’sworthytobepraised.

[edit]Derivations

BecausesomeChristianworshipservicesincludeadoxology,andthesehymnsthereforewerefamiliarandwell-practicedamongchurchchoirs,theEnglishwordsockdolagerarose,adeformationofdoxology,whichcametomeana“show-stopper”,aproductionnumber.TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryconsidersita“fanciful”coinage,butan 1893 speculation reported in the Chicago Tribune as to the origin of the word as one of its early attestations:

AwriterintheMarchAtlanticgivesthisastheoriginoftheslangword“socdollager,”whichwascurrentsometimeago.“Socdollager”wastheuneducatedman’stranspositionof“doxologer,whichwasthefamiliarNewEng-landrenderingof“doxology.”ThiswasthePuritantermfortheverseascriptionusedattheconclusionofeveryhymn,likethe“Gloria,”attheendofachantedpsalm.Ondoctrinalgroundsitwasproperforthewholecongre-gationtojoininthesinging,sothatitbecameatriumphantwindingupofthewholeactofworship.Thusishap-penedthat“socdollager”becamethetermforanythingwhichleftnothingelsetofollow;adecisive,overwhelmingfinish,towhichnoreplywaspossible.[10]

[edit]Seealso

Greaterdoxology

[edit]References

^AmericanHeritageDictionary,Wordnik,s.v.“doxology”.^Doxology-CatholicEncyclopediaarticle^TheLutheranChurch-MissouriSynod—LiturgicalGlossary^“ThomasKenBiography”.Cyberhymnal;.Retrieved2011-07-23.^“PraiseGod,fromWhomAllBlessingsFlow”.Cyberhymnal;.Retrieved2008-02-19.^“Allpraisetothee,myGod,thisnight”.Cyberhymnal;.Retrieved2008-02-19.^JosephFunk,HarmoniaSacra,290.http://harmoniasacra.org/290.html;http://www.entish.org/hs/handbook.html.HarmoniaSacraattributesStanleyascomposer,althoughLowellMason’sTheBostonHandelandHaydn

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SocietyCollectionofChurchMusichttp://books.google.com/books?id=hkcAAAAAYAAJ&dq=boston+handel+haydn+society&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=SXMx2jyBk8&sig=WqsxB0Lxs9oVGhxbx9r5lEV_0TA&hl=en&ei=EEy5ScekBYmmNZqXjK4I&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result#PPA338,M1doesnotgiveaclearattribution.^“AWAKE,MYSOUL,ANDWITHTHESUN”.CyberHymnal.Retrieved11August2011.^“TheFinalDoxology”.CatholicChurch.^19March1893,ChicagoDailyTribune,pg.36

[edit]Externallinks

HymnsoftheSpiritThreeContainsnumerous“doxologies”tothetune“OldHundredth”usedintheUnitarian,UniversalistandliberalChristiantraditions,inEnglish,SpanishandFrench.

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Doxology8

IngeneralthiswordmeansashortversepraisingGodandbeginning,asarule,withtheGreekwordDoxa.ThecustomofendingariteorahymnwithsuchaformulacomesfromtheSynagogue(cf.thePrayerofManasses:tibiestgloriainsæculasæculorum.Amen).St.Paulusesdoxologiesconstantly(Romans11:36;Galatians1:5;Ephesians3:21;etc.).TheearliestexamplesareaddressedtoGodtheFatheralone,ortoHimthrough(dia)theSon(Romans16:27;Jude25;IClement41;Mart.Polyc.,xx;etc.)andin(en)orwith(syn,meta)theHolyGhost(Mart.Polyc.,xiv,xxii,etc.).Theformofbaptism(Matthew28:19)hadsetanexampleofnamingthethreePersonsinparallelorder.Especiallyinthefourthcentury,asaprotestagainstAriansubordination(sincehereticsappealedtotheseprepositions;cf.St.Basil,OntheHolySpirit2-5),thecustomofusingtheform:“GlorytotheFather,andtotheSon,andtotheHolyGhost”,becameuniversalamongCatholics.Fromthistimewemustdistinguishtwodoxologies,agreater(doxologiamaior)andashorter(minor).ThegreaterdoxologyistheGloriainExcelsisDeointheMass.Theshorterform,whichistheonegenerallyreferredtounderthename“doxol-ogy”,istheGloriaPatri.Itiscontinuedbyananswertotheeffectthatthisgloryshalllastforever.Theform,eistousaionastonaiononisverycommoninthefirstcenturies(Romans16:27;Galatians1:5;1Timothy1:17;Hebrews13:21;1Peter4:11;EpistleofClement20,32,38,43,45,etc.;Mart.Polyc.,22,etc.).ItisacommonHebraism(Tobit13:23;Psalm83:5;repeatedlyintheApocalypse1:6,18;14:11;19:3;etc.)meaningsimply“forever”.Thesimpleform,eistousaionas,isalsocommon(Romans11:36;Doctr.XIIApost.,9:10;intheLiturgyoftheApostolicConstitutions,passim)Parallelformulæare:eistousmellontasaionas(Mart.Polyc.,xiv);apogeneaseisgenean(ibid.);etc.Thisexpressionwassoonenlargedinto:“nowandeverandinagesofages”(cf.Hebrews13:8;Mart.Polyc.,14:etc.).InthisformitoccursconstantlyattheendofprayersintheGreekLiturgyofSt.James(Brightman,EasternLiturgies,pp.31,32,33,34,41,etc.).andinalltheEasternrites.TheGreekformthenbecame:Doxapatrikaiyiokaihagiopneumati,kainunkaiaeikaieistousaionastonaionon.Amen.InthisshapeitisusedintheEasternChurchesatvariouspointsoftheLiturgy(e.g.inSt.Chrysostom’sRite;seeBrightman,pp.354,364,etc.)andasthelasttwoversesofpsalms,thoughnotsoinvariablyaswithus.Thesecondpartisoccasionallyslightlymodifiedandotherversesaresometimesintroducedbetweenthetwohalves.IntheLatinRiteitseemsoriginallytohavehadexactlythesameformasintheEast.In529theSecondSynodofVasio(VaisonintheprovinceofAvignon)saysthattheadditionalwords,Sicuteratinprincipio,areusedinRome,theEast,andAfricaasaprotestagainstArianism,andordersthemtobesaidlikewiseinGaul(can.v.).AsfarastheEastisconcernedthesynodismistaken.ThesewordshaveneverbeenusedinanyEasternriteandtheGreekscomplainedoftheiruseintheWest[WalafridStrabo(9thcentury),Derebuseccl.,xxv].TheexplanationthatsicuteratinprincipiowasmeantasadenialofArianismleadstoaquestionwhoseanswerislessobviousthanitseems.Towhatdothewordsrefer?Everyonenowunderstandsgloriaasthesubjectoferat:“Asit[theglory]wasinthebeginning”,etc.Itseems,however,thatoriginallytheyweremeanttorefertoFilius,andthatthemeaningofthesecondpart,intheWestatanyrate,was:“AsHe[theSon]wasinthebeginning,soisHenowandsoshallHebeforever.”Theinprincipio,then,isaclearallusiontothefirstwordsoftheFourthGospel,andsothesentenceisobviouslydirectedagainstArianism.TherearemedievalGermanversionsintheform:“AlserwarimAnfang”.

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ThedoxologyintheforminwhichweknowithasbeenusedsinceabouttheseventhcenturyalloverWesternChristendom,exceptinonecorner.IntheMozarabicRitetheformulais:“GloriaethonorPatrietFilioetSpirituisanctoinsæculasæculorum”(sointheMissalofthisrite;seeP.L.,LXXXV,109,119,etc.).TheFourthSynodofToledoin633orderedthisform(can.xv).Acommonmedievaltradition,foundedonaspuriousletterofSt.Jerome(intheBenedictineedition,Paris,1706,V,415)saysthatPopeDamasus(366-384)introducedtheGlo-riaPatriattheendofpsalms.Cassian(diedc.435)speaksofthisasaspecialcustomoftheWesternChurch(Deinstit.coen.,II,viii).TheuseoftheshorterdoxologyintheLatinChurchisthis:thetwopartsarealwayssaidorsungasaversewithresponse.Theyoccuralwaysattheendofpsalms(whenseveralpsalmsarejoinedtogetherasone,asthesixty-secondandsixty-sixthandagaintheonehundredandforty-eighth,onehundredandforty-ninthandonehundredandfiftiethatLauds,theGloriaPatrioccursonceonlyattheendofthegroup;ontheotherhandeachgroupofsixteenversesoftheonehundredandeighteenthpsalminthedayHourshastheGloria)exceptonoccasionsofmourning.Forthisreason(sincetheshorterdoxology,likethegreaterone,GloriainExcelsisDeo,innaturallyajoyfulchant)itisleftoutonthelastthreedaysofHolyWeek;intheOfficefortheDeaditsplaceistakenbytheverses:Requiemæternam,etc.,andEtluxperpetua,etc.Italsooccursaftercanticles,exceptthattheBenedicitehasitsowndoxology(BenedicamusPatrem...BenedictusesDomine,etc.—theonlyalternativeoneleftintheRomanRite).IntheMassitoccursafterthreepsalms,the“Judicame”atthebeginning,thefragmentoftheIntroit-Psalm,andthe“Lavabo”(omittedinPassiontide,exceptonfeasts,andatrequiemMasses).ThefirstpartonlyoccursintheresponsoriathroughouttheOffice,withavariableanswer(thesecondpartofthefirstverse)insteadof“Sicuterat,”thewholedoxologyafterthe“Deusinadjutorium,”andintheprecesatPrime;andagain,thistimeasoneverse,attheendoftheinvitatoriumatMatins.AtalltheseplacesitisleftoutintheOfficefortheDeadandattheendofHolyWeek.TheGloriaPatriisalsoconstantlyusedinextraliturgicalservices,suchastheRosary.ItwasacommoncustomintheMiddleAgesforpreacherstoendsermonswithit.Insomecountries,Germanyespecially,peoplemakethesignofthecrossatthefirstpartofthedoxology,consideringitaschieflyaprofessionoffaith.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------dox·ol·o·gy(dk-sl-j)9n.pl.dox·ol·o·giesAnexpressionofpraisetoGod,especiallyashorthymnsungaspartofaChristianworshipservice.[MedievalLatindoxologia,fromGreekdoxologi,praise:doxa,glory,honor(fromdokein,toseem;seedek-inIndo-Europeanroots)+-logi,-logy.]doxo·logi·cal(dks-lj-kl)adj.doxo·logi·cal·lyadv.

TheAmericanHeritage®DictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,FourthEditioncopyright©2000byHoughtonMif-flinCompany.Updatedin2009.PublishedbyHoughtonMifflinCompany.Allrightsreserved.doxology[dɒkˈsɒlədʒɪ]n pl -gies(Christianity/EcclesiasticalTerms)ahymn,verse,orformofwordsinChristianliturgyglorifyingGod[fromMedievalLatindoxologia,fromGreek,fromdoxologosutteringpraise,fromdoxapraise;see-logy]doxological[ˌdɒksəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]adjdoxologicallyadv

CollinsEnglishDictionary–CompleteandUnabridged©HarperCollinsPublishers1991,1994,1998,2000,2003doxologyashorthymnexpressingpraisetoGod.—doxological,adj.Seealso:Music

-Ologies&-Isms.Copyright2008TheGaleGroup,Inc.Allrightsreserved.ThesaurusLegend:SynonymsRelatedWordsAntonymsNoun 1. doxology-ahymnorverseinChristianliturgyglorifyingGodChristian liturgy - the Christian worship serviceshymn,anthem-asongofpraise(toGodortoasaintortoanation)

9http://www.thefreedictionary.com/doxology

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BasedonWordNet3.0,Farlexclipartcollection.©2003-2008PrincetonUniversity,FarlexInc.TranslationsSelect a language:German/Deutschdoxologyn→Lobpreisungf,→Verherrlichungf→GottesCollinsGermanDictionary–CompleteandUnabridged7thEdition2005.©WilliamCollinsSons&Co.Ltd.1980©HarperCollinsPublishers1991,1997,1999,2004,2005,2007-----------------------

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noun\däk-ˈsä-lə-jē\pluraldox·ol·o·giesDefinitionofDOXOLOGY:ausuallyliturgicalexpressionofpraisetoGodSeedoxologydefinedforkids»OriginofDOXOLOGYMedievalLatindoxologia,fromLateGreek,fromGreekdoxaopinion,glory(fromdokeintoseem,seemgood)+-logia-logy—moreatdecentFirstKnownUse:circa1645

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[dok-sol-uh-jee] OriginScotiaPrivateBankingGettheFinancialSecurityYouNeedWithScotiabankPrivateBanking.Scotiabank.com/Private-BankingAreYouFromCostaRica?Getpaidtotranslatesimpledocumentsfromyourhome!RealTranslatorJobs.com1000sofWomen’ProfilesWouldYouLiketoMeetaLatinAmericanSingleGirl?SignUp!AdsAmoLatina.comdox·ol·o·gy [dok-sol-uh-jee]ShowIPAnoun,plural-gies.1.a hymn or form of words containing an ascription of praise to God.2.theDoxology,themetricalformulabeginning“PraiseGodfromwhomallblessingsflow.”USCorpCorruptionSECAwareofBribesorMisconduct?RemainAnonymous&CollectRewardsAdMyWhistleBlowerRights.comOrigin:1640–50;<MedievalLatindoxologia<Greek,equivalenttodoxo-(combiningformofdóxahonor,glory)+-logia-logyRelatedformsdox·o·log·i·cal [dok-suh-log-i-kuhl]ShowIPA,adjectivedox·o·log·i·cal·ly,adverb

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10http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/doxology11http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/doxology

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AmericanHeritageDictionary:12

dox·ol·o·gy Home>Library>Literature&Language>Dictionary(dŏk-sŏl’ə-jē)pronunciationn.,pl.,-gies.AnexpressionofpraisetoGod,especiallyashorthymnsungaspartofaChristianworshipservice.

[MedievalLatindoxologia, fromGreekdoxologiā,praise:doxa,glory,honor(fromdokein, toseem)+-logiā,-logy.]doxologicaldox’o·log’i·cal(dŏk’sə-lŏj’ĭ-kəl)adj.doxologicallydox’o·log’i·cal·lyadv.

Readmore:http://www.answers.com/topic/doxology#ixzz1dKGjRoBA

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ListenSee in Thesaurusnounpl.doxologiesahymnofpraisetoGod;specif.,the,whichbeginsGloriainexcelsisDeo(glorytoGodinthehighest)the,whichbeginsGloriaPatri(glorytotheFather)ahymnbeginning“PraiseGodfromwhomallblessingsflow”

Origin:ML(Ec)doxologia<Gr(Ec),apraising<doxologos,givingpraise<doxa,praise,opinion<dokein,toseem(seedecent)+-logia,-logy

Webster’sNewWorldCollegeDictionaryCopyright©2010byWileyPublishing,Inc.,Cleveland,Ohio.UsedbyarrangementwithJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.

SeedoxologyinAmericanHeritageDictionary4nounpl.dox·ol·o·giesAnexpressionofpraisetoGod,especiallyashorthymnsungaspartofaChristianworshipservice.

Origin:MedievalLatindoxologia,fromGreekdoxologiā,praise:doxa,glory,honor(fromdokein,toseem;seedek-inIndo-Europeanroots)+-logiā,-logy.

RelatedForms:doxˌo·logˈi·cal(dŏkˌsə-lŏjˈĭ-kəl)adjectivedoxˌo·logˈi·cal·lyadverb

TheAmericanHeritage®DictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,4theditionCopyright©2010byHoughtonMif-flinHarcourtPublishingCompany.PublishedbyHoughtonMifflinHarcourtPublishingCompany.All rightsre-served.

Learnmoreaboutdoxology»doxologythesaurus»doxologysentenceexamples-----------------------------------------doxology14 npl,-giesahymn,verse,orformofwordsinChristianliturgyglorifyingGod

12http://www.answers.com/topic/doxology13http://www.yourdictionary.com/doxology14http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-definition/doxology

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(C17: fromMedievalLatindoxologia, fromGreek, fromdoxologosutteringpraise, fromdoxapraise; see-logy)♦doxologicaladj♦doxologicallyadvDefinitionofDoxology15

1. Noun. A hymn or verse in Christian liturgy glorifying God.Grouprelationships:ChristianLiturgyGenericsynonyms:Anthem,Hymn

DefinitionofDoxology1.n.InChristianworship:AhymnexpressingpraiseandhonortoGod;aformofpraisetoGoddesignedtobesung or chanted by the choir or the congregation.

DefinitionofDoxology1.ahymnorverseofpraisetoGod[n-GIES]

Doxology,16 doxologymeaning,definitionofdoxology,meaningofdoxology-Partofspeech:noun(pluraldoxologies).Definition:aliturgicalformulaofpraisetoGod:.Example:afterthesingingofthedoxologythecongregationseparated.((pluraldoxologies))

TheoriginofthewordseemstobeinmedievalLatin.Dated:mid17thcentury.Possibletranslation:‘appear-ance,glory’.Foreignforms:doxologia,doxa.(via)Pronunciation:/dɒkˈsɒlədʒi/doxological(partofspeech-adjective)

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Dictionary Definition17

doxology n : a hymn or verse in Christian liturgy glorifying GodUser Contributed DictionaryEnglishNoundoxology

An expression of praise to God, especially a short hymn sung as part of a Christian worship service.

Translations Bosnian: doksologija Chinese: 三一頌 Croatian: doksologija Dutch: doxologie Esperanto: doksologio Finnish: doksologia French: doxologie German: Doxologie Italian: dossologia Japanese: 頌栄 Polish: doksologia Russian: доксология Serbian:

15http://www.lexic.us/definition-of/doxology16http://www.definition-of.net/doxology17http://doxology.askdefine.com/

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Cyrillic: доксологија Roman: doksologija Slovak: doxológia Spanish: doxología Swedish: doxologi

Extensive DefinitionA doxology (from the Greek doxa, glory + logos, word or speaking) is a short hymn of praise to God in various Christian worship services, often added to the end of canticles, psalms, and hymns. The tradition derives from a similar practice in the Jewish synagogue.

Trinitarian doxologyAmong Christian traditions a doxology is typically a sung expression of praise to the Holy Trinity, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. It is common in high hymns for the final verse to take the form of a doxology. Doxologies occur in the Eu-charistic prayers, the Liturgy of the Hours, hymns and various Catholic devotions such as novenas and the Rosary.Gloria Patri

main Glory Be to the Father

The Gloria Patri, so named for its first two words in Latin, is commonly used as a doxology by Roman Catholics,Old Catho-lics, Independent Catholics, Orthodox, Anglicans and many Protestants including Lutherans, Methodists, and Reformed Baptists. It is called the “Lesser Doxology”, thus distinguished from the “Great Doxology” Gloria in Excelsis Deo, and is often called simply “the doxology”. As well as praising God, has been regarded as a short declaration of faith in the co-equality of the three Persons of the Holy Trinity.The Latin text, Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto. Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et in semper, et in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.is literally translated

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost. As it was in the beginning, is now, and always, to the ages of ages. Amen.

“Saecula saeculorum”, here rendered “ages of ages”, is the translation of what was probably a Semitic idiom, via Koine Greek, meaning “forever.” It is also rendered “world without end” in archaic English, which has the same meaning. That phrase occurs in the King James Bible (cf. Eph. 3:21; Isa. 45:17). Similarly, “et semper” is often rendered “and ever shall be”, giving the more metrical English version

... As it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.

The common Liturgy of the Hours doxology, as approved by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, uses a different translation of the same Latin:

Glory to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit: as it was in the beginning, is now, and will be for ever. Amen.

The most commonly encountered Orthodox English version:

Glory to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, both now, and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen

The modern Anglican version (found in Common Worship) is slightly different:

Glory to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit; as it was in the beginning is now and ever shall be. Amen.

“Praise God, from Whom all blessings flow”Another doxology in widespread use in English, in some Protestant traditions commonly referred to simply as “The Doxol-

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ogy” and in others as “The Common Doxology”, is “Praise God, from Whom All Blessings Flow”. The words are thus:

Praise God, from Whom all blessings flow;Praise Him, all creatures here below;Praise Him above, ye Heavenly Host;Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Amen.

This hymn was written in 1674 by Thomas Ken, a priest in the Church of England. This hymn was originally the final verse of two longer hymns entitled “Awake, My Soul, and With the Sun,” and “Glory to thee, my God, this night”, written by Ken for morning and evening worship, respectively. It is usually sung to the tune Old 100th, but also to Duke Street by John Hat-ton, Lasst uns erfreuen, and The Eighth Tune by Thomas Tallis, among others. Many Mennonite churches, especially those comprised primarily of ethnic Mennonites, sing a longer and more highly embellished version of this doxology to the tune “Dedication Anthem” by Lowell Mason. This version more fully utilizes the a capella harmonizing for which Mennonite services are known.Ken wrote this hymn at a time when the es tab lished church be lieved on ly Script ure should be sung as hymns, with an em-pha sis on the Psalms. Some con sid ered it sin ful and blas phe mous to write new lyr ics for church mu sic, akin to ad ding to the Script ures. In that at mo sphere, Ken wrote this and sev er al other hymns for the boys at Win chest er Col lege, with strict in struct ions that they use them on ly in their rooms, for pri vate de vo tions. Iron ic al ly, the last stan za has come into wide spread use as the Dox ol o gy, per haps the most fr equent ly used piece of mu sic in pub lic wor ship. At Ken’s request, the hymn was sung at his fun er al, fit tingly held at sun rise.To be more gender-neutral in references to the Godhead, denominations such as the Disciples of Christ have altered the wording of The Doxology, replacing “Him” with “God” and “Father” with “Creator”. Other versions, such as in the Ca-nadian Anglican hymnal Common Praise, the United Church of Canada hymnal Voices United, and the United Church of Christ New Century Hymnal, make the aforementioned changes and others as well, such as replacing “heavenly host” with a reference to God’s love. For example, the United Church of Christ version has been revised to:

Praise God from whom all blessings flow;Praise God, all creatures here below;Praise God for all that love has done;Creator, Christ, and Spirit, One.

Supporters and detractors of such changes mirror the more general controversies regarding gender-neutral language and liberal theology.Eucharistic DoxologyIn the Eucharistic Prayers I- IV of the Mass of Paul VI the doxology concludes the Eucharistic Prayer itself and precedes the Lord’s Prayer and is typically sung by the presiding priest (accompanied by the concelebrating priests if there are any). The text of the Eucharistic Doxology:

Through Him, with Him, in Him, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, all glory and honour is yours Almighty Father, forever and ever. Amen.

-The Roman Missal, 2002Other doxologiesDoxologies do not all refer to a co-equal Trinity, and some do not refer to the Trinity at all. An early variation on the Gloria Patri (“Glory be to the Father, with the Son, through the Holy Spirit”) was originally used by the Orthodox along with the more familiar wording, but this came to be used exclusively by the Arians and others who denied the divinity of the Son and Holy Spirit.While also not specifically Trinitarian, another doxology sung to the tune of Old 100th is the familiar table prayer:

Be present at our table, LordBe here and everywhere adoredThese mercies bless and grant that we (Or, alternatively, :Thy people bless and grant that weMay strengthened for Thy service be (Or, alternatively, May feast in Paradise with Thee. Also, May feast in fellowship with Thee. Also, May live in fellowship with Thee.)

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Amen

Yet another familiar doxology is the phrase at the end of the traditional Lord’s Prayer as recorded in Matthew 6:13 (not found in some ancient manuscripts; a possible allusion to 1 Chronicles 29:11-12): “For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever and ever, Amen.”At Matins, Orthodox worship specifies a Great Doxology for feast days and a Small Doxology for ordinary days. (Both include the Gospel doxology Gloria in Excelsis of the angel’s (Luke 2:14): Glory to God in the highest and on earth peace, goodwill among men.) A substantial portion of this doxology comprises the prayer Gloria in excelsis of the Roman Catholic mass.In Unitarian Universalism, “the Doxology” refers to Curtis W. Reese’s adaptation of “From all that dwell below the skies”, an 18th-century hymn by Isaac Watts:

From all that dwell below the skieslet faith and hope with love arise;let beauty, truth, and good be sungthrough every land, by every tongue.

Sung to the tune of Old 100th, it occupies a place in a Unitarian service that would be filled by a Christian doxology in a Christian service.DerivationsBecause some Christian worship services include a doxology, and these hymns therefore were familiar and well-practiced among church choirs, the English word sockdolager arose, a deformation of doxology, which came to mean a “show-stop-per”, a production number. The Oxford English Dictionary considers it a “fanciful” coinage, and refers to an 1893 specula-tion reported in the Chicago Tribune as to the origin of the word as one of its early attestations:

A writer in the March Atlantic gives this as the origin of the slang word “socdollager,” which was current some time ago. “Socdollager” was the uneducated man’s transposition of “doxologer, which was the familiar New England rendering of “doxology.” This was the Puritan term for the verse ascription used at the conclusion of every hymn, like the “Gloria,” at the end of a chanted psalm. On doctrinal grounds it was proper for the whole congregation to join in the singing, so that it became a triumphant winding up of the whole act of worship. Thus is happened that “socdollager” became the term for anything which left nothing else to follow; a decisive, overwhelming finish, to which no reply was possible.

ReferencesLinksHymns of the Spirit Three Contains numerous “doxologies” to the tune OLD HUNDREDTH used in the Unitarian, Univer-salist and liberal Christian traditions, in English, Spanish and French.doxology in German: Doxologiedoxology in Spanish: Doxologíadoxology in Esperanto: Doksologiodoxology in French: Doxologiedoxology in Indonesian: Doksologidoxology in Italian: Dossologiadoxology in Dutch: Doxologiedoxology in Japanese: 頌栄doxology in Norwegian: Doksologidoxology in Polish: Doksologiadoxology in Russian: Доксологияdoxology in Slovak: Doxológiadoxology in Finnish: Doksologiadoxology in Swedish: Doxologidoxology in Chinese: 三一頌Synonyms, Antonyms and Related WordsAgnus Dei, Benedicite, Gloria, Gloria Patri, Gloria in Excelsis, Introit, Magnificat, Miserere, Negro spiritual, Nunc Dimit-tis, Te Deum, Trisagion, Vedic hymn, alleluia, answer, anthem, antiphon, antiphony, cantata, canticle, chant, chorale, church

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music, gospel, gospel music, hallelujah, hosanna, hymn, hymn of praise, hymn-tune, hymnody, hymnography, hymnology, introit, laud, mantra, mass, motet, offertory, offertory sentence, oratorio, paean, passion, prosodion, psalm, psalmody, reces-sional, report, requiem, requiem mass, response, responsory, sacred music, spiritual, versicle, white spiritual