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• Striking Germany and Italy– Casablanca Conference• Roosevelt and Churchill decide to step up bombing of

Germany• Goals:

– Destroy German industrial output – Destroy German economy– Undermine morale of German people

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• Striking the “soft underbelly”– Churchill believed Italy would surrender easily– Allied troops invade Sicily (July, 1943)• Allied General: Dwight D. Eisenhower • Patton and British General Montgomery head land forces • Germans abandon Sicily• Allies take Italy year later

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• The Tehran Conference– Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin• Russia would attack Germans when Allies took France• Divide Germany after the war• Russia would help US against Japan• Create an international peacekeeping organization after

the war

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• Operation Overlord– Allies plan for taking France– Led by General Eisenhower – 1,500,000 American soldiers – 12,000 airplanes– 5 million tons of equipment

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• “D”- Day– Name given to day Operation Overlord began– June 6, 1944– Largest amphibious operation in history– 7,000 ships carrying 100,000 soldiers – 23,000 paratroopers

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• Driving Japan Back– Navy starts “Island Hopping” campaign

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• Japan begins Kamikaze attacks – Kamikaze means “divine wind”– Pilots flew planes into ships