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Food for skin: IBR’s PhytoflORAL® as a Nutricosmetic Ingredient, Protecting,
Lightening and Evening the Skin Tone
IBR Ltd. www.ibrweb.com
E-‐Mail: ibr-‐[email protected]
Key words: skin food, nutricosmetics, dietary ingredient, tomato powder, colorless carotenoids,
phytoene, phytofluene, skin whitening and lightening, photoprotection, evening of skin tone,
multifunctional ingredients
Summary:
Our health and beauty, including that of our skin, is largely dependent on our nourishment. Skin
nourishment can take the form of topical applications such as offered by cosmetics or in the
form of dietary intake, a current trend referred to as nutricosmetics. IBR’s PhytoflORAL® is such
nutricosmetics ingredient, a skin-‐food. PhytoflORAL® is a natural tomato powder for dietary
intake, delivering to the skin two highly valuable colorless carotenoids, the phytoene and
phytofluene. Phytoene and phytofluene have already been established as multifunctional
ingredients holding multiple benefits for the skin such as various aspects of anti aging and photo
aging, protection and boost of biomolecules and ingredients and other skin benefits. In the
present publication we show the products’ capacity to lighten and even the skin tone after
continuous dietary consumption. This study provides clinical support for the already established
in vitro activities of phytoene and phytofluene such as direct inhibition of melanin synthesis,
UVA and UVB protection, anti-‐inflammatory, anti oxidant capabilities as well protection of
biomolecules such as collagen and DNA from damage. The various effects working in concert
provide a state of the art natural product for better protected, lighter, more even toned skin -‐
PhytoflORAL®.
Introduction:
Our skin plays a vital role in our beauty and appearance: our age, the climate we live in, our
sleepless nights, the level of our health as well as what and how we eat – are all revealed by our
skin. This is why quality nourishment of the skin (and body), vital for its health and beauty, has
to be maintained. Skin nourishment can take the form of topical applications such as offered by
cosmetics or in the form of dietary intake, a current trend referred to as nutricosmetics.
Topical, cosmetic applications, being applied directly on the skin, have the benefit of surpassing
many of the body’s protective barriers. The downside of this topical application is that the very
deep layers of the skin are left un-‐addressed and un-‐cared for. Delivery of beauty ingredients via
dietary intake, on the other hand, is challenging, due to the above-‐mentioned barriers that are
physical, chemical and enzymatic processing inside us, reducing the chances of the beauty
ingredient to reach the skin. However, when these barriers are crossed and the ingredient is
delivered, its effect on the deeper layers of the skin can be achieved. The success of an
ingredient to be systemically delivered to the skin may also be a sign of these components
stability in biologic systems, enabling them to deliver their desired effect.
Sun protection as well as maintenance of lighter, even skin tone are two pillars for keeping
healthy and younger looking skin.
In many cultures lighter skin is correlated with luxury and well-‐being, while even toned skin is
universally translated to healthier and younger appearance. Equally universal is the
understanding that primary element for skin health and beauty maintenance is protection from
the sun.
IBR now introduces PhytoflORAL, a nutricosmetic ingredient for beauty from within, addressing
all the above-‐mentioned elements of skin health and beauty. PhytoflORAL® is a natural tomato
powder for dietary intake, delivering to the skin two highly valuable colorless carotenoids, the
phytoene and phytofluene. PhytoflORAL® is sourced from IBR’s proprietary tomato, inherently
rich in phytoene and phytofluene, and is produced using non-‐chemical processing allowing it as
food.
Carotenoids are a family of over 600 members able to absorb various parts of the sun light
spectrum and quench free radicals generated in biological systems, as a result of UV radiation
among other causes. As such they are a natural form of photoprotectants. Humans are not able
to produce carotenoids but they are able to accumulate carotenoids from their diet. Often,
though, oral or topical use of the strongly colored carotenoids will impart a yellow, orange or
reddish coloration to the skin. Thus, the use of carotenoids devoid of visible color such as
phytoene and phytofluene, which will therefore not directly affect skin color, yet benefit the
skin would be strongly preferred.
Phytoene and phytofluene are natural carotenoids, the precursors in the biosynthesis of all
other carotenoids in nature. These carotenoids, phytoene and phytofluene, absorb light in the
UV range only (UVB and UVA respectively), and are the only carotenoids in nature that are
devoid of visible color. Their unique part in the biosynthesis of other carotenoids and their
inherently unique structure translates to superior biological activity.
Distribution of carotenoids throughout the body is not uniform and when compared to other
carotenoids, the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene, have the highest
accumulation factor in the skin, lungs, plasma, and lymphocytes. The PhytoflORAL, being rich in
phytoene and phytofluene, is expected to be beneficial in maintenance of skin health and
beauty.
Dark, sun-‐damaged and uneven-‐toned skin, are all visible outcomes of pigmentation. The multifunctional
phytoene and phytofluene address as follows at least four causes of pigmentation:
q Direct inhibition of melanin synthesis
q Control of pigmentation by direct anti-‐inflammatory activity and absorption of UVB, the cause
inflammation
q Reduction of melanin production by reduction of oxidative stress
q Reduction of skin darkening due to sun exposure by UVA/B absorption
According to Harman’s free radical theory of aging, organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage with the passage of time.
UV and free radicals induce inflammation and damage cell content such as DNA, the extracellular matrix as well as the cell membranes resulting in premature aging
Preventing oxidative damage may delay premature aging
Extrinsic Skin Aging Skin whitening / Lightening / Evening skin tone
Protection against UVA & UVB
Anti oxidant
Anti inflammatory
Inhibits collagenase expression and
subsequent collagen degradation
Prevents damage to DNA
Protection & boost of biomolecules
Protection & Boost of Sun Screens
PhytoflORAL®
Photo Protection & Anti-AgingBeauty from the inside and out
UV-B (280-320nm)Cause alteration of the physical DNA structurePenetrate until the epidermisShort term redding (sunburns)
DNA damage Formation of free radicals (ROS)
InflammationDestruction of ECM proteins as collagen
Pigmentation
UV-A (320-400nm)Lower energy level than UV-BPenetrate until the dermisTriggers cell break down
Phytoene, Phytofluene
Melanin synthesis pathways
Recep
tor
UV
Inflammation
Wound
NO, Freeradicals
PGE,IL-1, IL-6
Tyrosinase
ActivatedTyrosinase
Tyrosine DOPAQuinone
Eumelanins
Melanosomes
Natural carotenoids with:
Unique anti oxidative capacity
UV absorbency = invisible color
Anti inflammatory
Inhibition of melanin synthesis
Inhibition of MMP-1 (collagenase)
Prevent damage to DNA
Protection and boost of other
biomolecules and actives
IBR-Phyto(flu)ene® - PhytoflORAL®
COLORLESS CAROTENOIDS
UV RADIATION SKIN PENETRATION BY TYPE
Effects of UV Irradiation & Sun Exposure
PhytoflORAL for SKIN LIGHTENING, WHITENING AND EVENING OF SKIN TONE
CLINICAL STUDY
A study was designed to evaluate the skin lightening potential of dietary intake of PhytoflORAL®.
The supplement was formulated into capsules to provide a dose equivalent to 5 mg of phytoene
and phytofluene per day. The trial was carried out as open intra-‐individual study comparing
measurements at day 0 with day 42 and 84 (before and after treatment). The trial was
conducted on 22 female volunteers aged 20-‐40 with Fitzpatrick skin photo type IV.
In both studies instrumental color measurements were taken to assess pigmentation (a*,b*, L*
and ITAo). Additional assessment of skin quality parameters on subjects’ face, was performed
separately by an expert clinician and by the study participants (self-‐evaluation) for
characteristics such as: dryness, roughness, suppleness, evenness of the complexion and skin
texture.
RESULTS & SUMMARY
Lightening effect:
The study results indicate a significant skin lightening effect, with increases in L* value and ITA
among up to 82% of panelists.
Skin quality evaluation:
The clinical scoring of the skin quality was significantly improved at D42 and D84 in almost all
parameters evaluated. This included significant decrease of skin dryness and skin roughness,
significant increase of skin suppleness, achieving more uniform skin complexion (even skin tone)
and improvement of skin texture. In the subjective panelists’ evaluation, PhytoflORAL® induced
an improvement of skin quality after 42 and 84 days of use. The panelists’ self-‐assessment
confirmed the instrumental readings and clinical evaluation, showing the perception of a great
improvement in parameters including: skin radiance; suppleness; evenness; smoothness;
moisturizing; elasticity; visible skin health; visible skin youthfulness; and overall skin beauty, as
well as skin resistance to UV.
CONCLUSIONS
Under the study conditions a daily intake of PhytoflORAL® tomato powder rich in phytoene and
phytofluene, showed a significant skin lightening effect after 42 and 84 days of use.
A significant improvement in skin qualities throughout the study duration shown by both the
clinical scoring and subjective volunteers evaluation. The improvement was significant for skin
lightening and even complexion, radiance, moisturizing, smoothness, suppleness and elasticity.
This study, previous data established in vivo for photoprotection and in vitro for multiple related
benefits, along with literature available on bioavailability and activities of phytoene and
phytofluene, provide evidence that dietary intake of phytoene and phytofluene in the form of
PhytoflORAL® will result in accumulation of the phytoene and phytofluene in the skin, delivering
thereby their skin benefiting activities including protection against oxidative and photo damage,
skin lightening and even skin complexion as well as overall anti-‐aging. The PhytoflORAL, being
rich in phytoene and phytofluene, is expected to be beneficial in maintenance of skin health and
beauty.
PRECEDING IN VITRO TESTING
In-‐vitro testing involving exposure of melanocytes to phytoene and phytofluene without
external stimulus resulted in reduced melanin production.
Addressing the other causes for pigmentation
Anti-‐inflammatory effect, UV absorption, reduction of oxidative stress
Simplified pathway of melanin synthesis and ways in which phytoene and phytofluene inhibit
melanin synthesis and triggers of melanin formation follows.
PhytoflORAL®
IBR-Phyto(flu)ene® can block triggers of melanin synthesis IBR-Phyto(flu)ene® can inhibit melanin synthesis
Skin whitening / Lightening / Evening skin tone
A randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled study evaluating the lightening effect of a cream containing IBR-TCLC® 5% was performed. A twice a day application during a 3 month course of treatment resulted in a significant skin whitening effect at both measured time point of 42 days and 84 days (n=21)
ITA° parameter variations
+7%
+13%
+3%
+10%
+0%
+2%
+4%
+6%
+8%
+10%
+12%
+14%
D42 D84
Var
iatio
ns in
%
740782(active product)
514345(placebo)
ActivatedTyrosinase
Tyrosine DOPAQuinone
Eumelanins
Melanosomes
In vivo - topical:
Recep
tor
Tyrosinase
Eumelanins
Melanosomes
UV
Inflammation
Wound
NO, Freeradicals
PGE,IL-1, IL-6
•••
Colorless carotenoids can: Absorb UV radiation Act as antioxidants Reduce the inflammatory response
Colorless carotenoids can: Inhibit melanin synthesis
PhytoflORAL®, a natural dietary supplement for beauty from within comprising phytoene and phytofluene, the colorless carotenoids. The new clinical data shows that, PhytoflORAL® has an outstanding photo-protection capacity that is built into the skin from within. PhytoflORAL® can significantly increase MED (Minimal Erythemal Dose) after 84 days of consequent dietary consumption, meaning that the skin's ability to resist sun damage is increased. PhytoflORAL® contains phytoene and phytofluene, colorless carotenoids also known to lighten and even the skin tone by inhibition of melanin synthesis, UVA and UVB protection, anti inflammatory and anti oxidant capabilities. The various effects working in concert, provide a state of the art product for (photo)protection and lighter, more even-toned skin.The consumer gains multi level benefits for healthier, well protected and younger looking skin all in one, natural and unique product - PhytoflORAL®.
Sun protection - Anti aging and photo aging
Skin whitening/lightening & evening of skin tone
Protection and boost of biomolecules
Beauty from Within
ABSTRACT
BENFITS & USES
UV Protection and Anti-‐Oxidation:
UV radiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals, which lead to DNA
damage, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, collagen degradation and more, resulting in
premature skin aging and potential skin cancer. UV irradiation causes DNA damage in two
primary ways:
1. UVB damages DNA directly. Energy from sunlight causes an alteration in the chemical
composition of the nucleotide bases, altering the molecular structure and disrupting DNA
transcription; and
2. UVA causes damage indirectly. Here, the sunlight itself does not change the physical
structure of DNA but rather triggers an array of molecules in the cell to break down and in turn
producing free radicals and ROS. These mutagenic agents can cause alterations in the physical
structure of DNA.
Phytoene and phytofluene carotenoids can be employed to protect skin from UVA and UVB
damage since phytoene has been shown to absorb light in the UVB range, while phytofluene
absorbs UVA. Together, they reduce UV transmission through partial absorption.
PhytoflORAL®
IBR-Phyto(flu)ene® can block triggers of melanin synthesis IBR-Phyto(flu)ene® can inhibit melanin synthesis
Skin whitening / Lightening / Evening skin tone
A randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled study evaluating the lightening effect of a cream containing IBR-TCLC® 5% was performed. A twice a day application during a 3 month course of treatment resulted in a significant skin whitening effect at both measured time point of 42 days and 84 days (n=21)
ITA° parameter variations
+7%
+13%
+3%
+10%
+0%
+2%
+4%
+6%
+8%
+10%
+12%
+14%
D42 D84
Var
iatio
ns in
%740782(active product)
514345(placebo)
ActivatedTyrosinase
Tyrosine DOPAQuinone
Eumelanins
Melanosomes
In vivo - topical:
Recep
tor
Tyrosinase
Eumelanins
Melanosomes
UV
Inflammation
Wound
NO, Freeradicals
PGE,IL-1, IL-6
•••
Colorless carotenoids can: Absorb UV radiation Act as antioxidants Reduce the inflammatory response
Colorless carotenoids can: Inhibit melanin synthesis
PhytoflORAL®, a natural dietary supplement for beauty from within comprising phytoene and phytofluene, the colorless carotenoids. The new clinical data shows that, PhytoflORAL® has an outstanding photo-protection capacity that is built into the skin from within. PhytoflORAL® can significantly increase MED (Minimal Erythemal Dose) after 84 days of consequent dietary consumption, meaning that the skin's ability to resist sun damage is increased. PhytoflORAL® contains phytoene and phytofluene, colorless carotenoids also known to lighten and even the skin tone by inhibition of melanin synthesis, UVA and UVB protection, anti inflammatory and anti oxidant capabilities. The various effects working in concert, provide a state of the art product for (photo)protection and lighter, more even-toned skin.The consumer gains multi level benefits for healthier, well protected and younger looking skin all in one, natural and unique product - PhytoflORAL®.
Sun protection - Anti aging and photo aging
Skin whitening/lightening & evening of skin tone
Protection and boost of biomolecules
Beauty from Within
ABSTRACT
BENFITS & USES
IBR’s phytoene and phytofluene carotenoids are aimed at protection against UVB and most
importantly UVA irradiation, both via its nutraceautical beauty supplement PhytoflORAL® and
the topical phytoene and phytofluene extracts (active ingredients) from tomatoes or algae,
traded as IBR-‐TCLC® and IBR-‐CLC® respectively.
Activities of IBR’s phytoene-‐ and phytofluene-‐containing products were established in vitro
including:
1. anti oxidative capacity particularly against hydroxyl radical, the most damaging and
mostly untreated free radical that are commonly formed in interacting with UV or other
oxidants
2. UV absorbency: phytoene absorbs in the UVB range with λmax at 286nm and phytofluene
in the UVA range with λmax at 348nm, making them seem colorless.
3. Anti inflammatory activity (inhibition of PGE-‐2 in keratinocytes among other)
4. Inhibition of melanin synthesis
5. Inhibition of MMP-‐1 (collagenase) thereby preventing collagen destruction
6. Prevention of damage to DNA;
7. Protection and boost of other biomolecules such as LDLs (Low Density Lipoproteins) and
actives. This can be part of a defense system against oxidative stress, more specifically
preventing atherosclerosis and lipid peroxidation.
These multifunctionalities enable the phytoene and phytofluene photoprotective, skin
lightening and anti aging effects that may be delivered to the skin via dietary intake
(PhytoflORAL®) and topically (IBR-‐CLC®, IBR-‐TCLC®).
