1.3 Ten themes 1.3 Ten themes unify the study of unify the study of

lifelifeMrs. KerstetterMrs. Kerstetter

BiologyBiology

Biological SystemsBiological Systems

SystemSystem= a complex organization = a complex organization formed from a combination of formed from a combination of smaller partssmaller parts Has properties based on the Has properties based on the

arrangement and interaction of its partsarrangement and interaction of its parts Examples:Examples:

Your body!Your body! EcosystemEcosystem

Cellular Basis of LifeCellular Basis of Life

All organisms are made of cellsAll organisms are made of cells Most multicellular organisms have cells Most multicellular organisms have cells

that are specialized for different functionsthat are specialized for different functions What does specialized mean?What does specialized mean?

Most multicellular organisms have higher Most multicellular organisms have higher levels of organizationlevels of organization Interaction of cells determines development Interaction of cells determines development

and survivaland survival

CellCelltissuetissueorganorgansystemsystemorganismorganism

Form and FunctionForm and Function

How something works is related to How something works is related to its structureits structure

AKA “form fits function”AKA “form fits function”

What are some examples in nature What are some examples in nature where “form fits function?”where “form fits function?”

Reproduction and Reproduction and InheritanceInheritance

““Like begets like”Like begets like” Organisms reproduce their own kindOrganisms reproduce their own kind

Genes (units of genetic information) Genes (units of genetic information) are responsible for family inheritanceare responsible for family inheritance

Genes are made of DNAGenes are made of DNA Each cell contains copy of ALL DNA in Each cell contains copy of ALL DNA in

your genomeyour genome Inherited info in the form of DNA enables Inherited info in the form of DNA enables

organisms to reproduce their own kindorganisms to reproduce their own kind

Interaction with the Interaction with the EnvironmentEnvironment

Each organisms interacts Each organisms interacts continuously with its environmentcontinuously with its environment

Imp in an ecosystem (of which we Imp in an ecosystem (of which we are a part!)are a part!) Transfer of chemicals b/w organisms Transfer of chemicals b/w organisms

and the environmentsand the environments React to environmental stimuliReact to environmental stimuli

Energy and LifeEnergy and Life

Energy is needed in chemical formEnergy is needed in chemical form Carbohydrates, lipids, etc.Carbohydrates, lipids, etc.

EcosystemEcosystem

RegulationRegulation

HomeostasisHomeostasis= regulation of = regulation of internal conditionsinternal conditions

Examples?Examples?

Adaptation and EvolutionAdaptation and Evolution

AdaptationAdaptation= an inherited trait that helps an = an inherited trait that helps an organism’s ability to survive and reproduceorganism’s ability to survive and reproduce

PopulationPopulation= localized group of organisms = localized group of organisms of the same speciesof the same species

Natural selectionNatural selection= individuals with = individuals with beneficial variations may live longer and beneficial variations may live longer and produce more offspring than those that don’tproduce more offspring than those that don’t

EvolutionEvolution= generation-to-generation = generation-to-generation change in the proportion of different change in the proportion of different inherited genes in a populationinherited genes in a population

Biology and SocietyBiology and Society

DNADNA MedicineMedicine AgricultureAgriculture PharmaceuticalsPharmaceuticals Environmental issuesEnvironmental issues GeneticsGenetics

Scientific InquiryScientific Inquiry

=asking questions about nature=asking questions about nature

=using observations or experiments to =using observations or experiments to to find possible answersto find possible answers