PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

are you protected?????

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTOutlines of Presentation2Introduction to PPEBody protectionRespiratory ProtectionIntroducing PPE to Workplace

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The student should be able to: To define what is personal protective equipment ( PPE )To state the position of PPE in the hierarchy of hazard controlTo select appropriate body protection equipment

Introduction to PPE44Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Warning!PPE SHOULD BE A HAZARD PROTECTION OF LAST RESORTNot to be used permanently as a substitute for maintaining a safe and healthy work environment Use only when the work environment cannot be made safer E.g. through hazard elimination engineering, administration or by limiting work exposure5

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Problem With PPEIf PPE is used as the first option without reducing hazard at source:Risk to workers if PPE fails and failure not detected. Cause employees to believe they are "safe" and may take higher risks. Result in worse consequences if people fail or forget to wear equipment. Will shift the responsibility for safe working condition from the employer to the employee. 8What Is Personal Protective Equipment?Devices and garments to protect workers from injuries.Designed to protectEyes, Face, Head, Ears, Feet, Hands and Arms, Respiratory System and Whole body.PPE includes:Goggles, Face shields, Safety glasses, Hard hats, Safety shoes, Gloves, Vests, Respirators, Earplugs and Earmuffs.9Example10

Legal RequirementsFactories And Machinery (Safety, Health And Welfare Regulation, 1970Regulation 32 ClothingSafety helmetsGlovesEye protectionOSHA:1994 (USECHH) Regulations 2000PART V - Action To Control Exposure16. (1) Approved personal protective equipment shall be used11What To Protect From?Any insult to the external (surface) or internal part of the bodyImpact (e.g. flying & falling objects, knocks & bumps)Chemicals hazardous to health (gases and liquid)Radiation (e.g. heat, high intensity light, noise)Dust (e.g. mineral dust)Wet (e.g. slip)Sharp objectsFalling from heights12Considerations in the Selection Of PPESelection of PPE is dependent on the hazard identification, risk assessment and control measures implementedPPE is used to complement/combination of other control measurePPE selected must be carried out under a PPE programmePPE must be certified products to ensure acceptable level of protection from hazardsLimitations of PPE13PROTECTION BODY PROTECTION

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION14

Body protection1515Face and Eye ProtectionGoggles, spectacles and face shields are used for protection from injury byPhysical (flying or falling objects)Chemical agentsRadiationHas the widest use and the widest range of styles, models and typesFace shields must be used in combination with basic eye protection 16

Head ProtectionProtective helmets are intended to:Protect the head from the force of impact of falling objects or from electric shockShield the head and hair from entanglement in machinery or exposure to environments Examples:Construction work, logging, mining, metal or chemical production, congested multi-storied process area or areas with low slung pipes or headroom, etc. 17

Hands ProtectionHazards:Abrasion; temperature extremes; cuts and punctures; impact; chemicals; electric shock; skin irritation, disease or contamination; vibration; risk of product contamination.MaterialsLeatherAbrasion protection, heat resistancePVCAbrasion protection, water and limited chemical resistanceRubberDegreasing, paint sprayingCloth/nylonHand gripLatexElectrical insulation work18

Protective FootwearOptions:Safety boots and shoes with steel toe caps, leggings, conductive shoe.Patterns:Anti-slip, antistatic, electrically conductive or insulating. Hazards: Wet, electrostatic buildup; cuts and punctures; falling objects, heavy loads; metal and chemical splash; vehicles.19

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Hearing Protection Ear muffs, Ear plugs, HelmetsHazard:Machining, grinding, pneumatic equipment, rock drilling. piling work, hammering, generators, ventilation fans, motors, punch and brake presses.Selection of hearing protection:(i) The characteristics of the noise(ii) Frequency of exposure(iii) Comfort of the user(iv) Communication needs(vi) Medical conditions22

Respiratory Protection2323Respiratory ProtectionDesigned to protect the wearer against:breathing contaminated particulates, vapours, Oxygen-deficient airOr combination of the three above 24

Type of RespiratorsAir-purifying RespiratorsHave filters, cartridges, or canisters that remove contaminants from the air Types: Particulate, Gas & Vapour, Combination Atmosphere-supplying RespiratorsSupply clean air directly to the user from a source other than the air surrounding the userTypes: Air-Supplied, Combination, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus25

Selection And Fitting Of RespiratorsSelection depends on:(a)The contaminant(b)TaskProtection factors depends on: (i) Face mask (1/2 face, full face) (ii) Filter efficiency (particulates)Fit testing important:Individual variationDetermines the level of protection26

Problems With Respirators Good only if properly fitted and wornProtect only those who are wearing themUncomfortable, cumbersome and interfere with communication Costs are substantial requireRegular medical examinations, fit testing, training, and the proper purchasing of equipmentMaintenance and storage27EXERCISE !!Case 1: Imran just report duty to perform a job as a plant operator in a chemical plant. The plant produce a complex chilling system which use ammonia as one of the refrigerant.As an employer a direct superior to Imran, discuss which approriate PPE should you provide to him.28

PPE at Workplace29295 WAYS IN Introducing of PPE to WorkplaceIf PPE is to be used, then:Write in the OSH policy on usage of PPE and communicate it to employees and visitors.Select the proper type of PPE.Implement a thorough training programme.Make certain the employees know the correct use and maintenance of the equipment. Enforce its use.30

Ensuring Employee ComplianceMake it easy for employee to complyFactors to consider:Understand the necessity to wear the PPEEasy and comfortable with minimum interference to workPre-purchase employee feedback on equipment Psychological: employee vanity, virilityIncentives and Disincentives on wearing the PPE31Training On PPEHazard recognition in the work environment.What control measures can be taken.The type of PPE suitable for use. The limitations of PPE. Demonstration of correct use.Practicing using the PPE.Cleaning, maintaining and repairing PPE.Use of PPE in dealing with emergencies.32

SummaryPPE is protection of last resort.PPE should be selected appropriately.PPE use is required by law in some situations.Employees must be consulted, trained, supervised in the use of PPE and must be aware of hazards. PPE must be properly fitted, tested, cleansed, maintained and stored.Comfortable PPE will ensures its use.33REVISION CHAPTER 1