12.07.2017

Dr. Stephan Breuer

General safety instruction

Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

1

Who have to be instructed?

• employees

• trainees

• guest scientists

• students

2

Why safety instruction?

• because, it is the law– § 12 (1) Arbeitschutzgesetz (occupational safety law)

– DGUV Rule 1 »Unfallverhütungsvorschrift: Principles of Prevention« §4

• annual (at least one time) with documentation

• responsibility of the employer

• Part of the measure to preserve and support theemployability

3

Why safety instruction?

Safety rules are written with blood!

4

Such news, we don‘t want!

5

What has happened?

• real accident at 26th May 2011 at Kekulé institute

• diethyl ether should be dried with Na-K-alloy

• PhD student has mistaken dichloromethane for diethylether

• dichloromethane and alkali metals form an explosive mixture

• fortunately no injured people or serious damages

• fire company, haz mat unit, ambulances, special policeteamwith roboter, duration approx 8 h

6

Outline

• organisation of health and safety measures• accidence insurance• basic principles• fire protection• acting in hazardous situations• risk assessment• safety equipment• hazards in laboratory

• Work area specific instructions are not covered by thisinstruction!

Organisation of health and safetymesures at the university of Bonn

Everybody is jointly responsible for healthand safety measures.

8

Organisation

The overall responsibility for the occupational safety and health bears the managing director.

9

Employer‘s basic dutiesSec. 2 Employer‘s basic duties

(1) The employer shall take the measures necessary to prevent occupational

accidents, occupational disease and work-related health risks and to ensure

effective first aid. The measures to be taken are specified in more detail in,

particularly, government regulations concerning occupational safety and health

(Annex 1), this accident prevention regulation and in other accident prevention

regulations. The measures prescribed by government legislation are also intended

to protect insured persons who are not employees.

(2) The employer shall base the measures to be taken in accordance with (1) above on

the general principles set out in Section 4 of the German Act on Occupational

Safety and Health (Arbeitsschutzgesetz) and, primarily, the rules and regulations

issued by the government and the German social accident insurance institutions.

(3) The employer shall plan, organise, implement and, where necessary, adapt to

altered circumstances the measures specified in (1) above in accordance with the

provisions of Section 3(1), Sentences 2 and 3 and Section 3(2) of the Act on

Occupational Safety and Health.

(4) The employer must not issue any instructions that are detrimental to safety.

(5) The employer shall not require the insured persons to bear the costs of measures

taken in accordance with this accident prevention regulation or any other accident

prevention regulations with which the employer must comply.

10

Specific measures for each working area

• Specific instructions concerning special techniques, equipment, substances and the related hazards must bedone in each workgroup. The responsibility bears eachsuperior.

• A risk assessment has to be created by the superior (i.e. supervisor) before the work can start.

• Based on the risk assessment operation procedures mustbe created by the superior or an assigned person (senior scientist).

11

Insured person‘s dutiesSec. 15 General support duties and conduct

(1) The insured persons shall, as far as possible and as instructed by the

employer, protect their own safety and health at work and the safety and

health of those affected by their actions or failure to take action. The

insured persons shall support the measures taken to prevent occupational

accidents, occupational disease and work-related health risks as well as the

measures taken to ensure effective first aid. They shall obey the

instructions given by the employer in relation to such matters. They must

not obey instructions that are clearly contrary to safety and health

requirements.

(2) Insured persons must not, by consuming alcohol, drugs or other

intoxicating substances, put themselves in a state in which they might pose

a hazard to themselves or others.

(3) (2) shall also apply to use of medicines.

DGUV Rule 1 – Principles of prevention

12

Insured person‘s duties II

Sec. 16 Special support duties

„Tell, if you recognize any hazardous situation or unsafe equipment“

Sec. 17 Use of installations, work equipment and materials

„Use them in the intended manner“

sec. 28 support duties first-aid/accidents

insured persons can be obliged to become first aiders

any accident must be reported

sec. 30 use of personal protective equipment

DGUV RULE 1

13

Rules and Laws• DGUV Information 213-850

[TRGS 526 „Laboratorien“] (Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe

• GUV SR 2005 »Umgang mit Gefahrstoffen im Hochschulbe-reich« (Version 2010)

• DGUV Info 231-026 [GUV I 8553] »Sicherheit im chemischen Hochschulpraktikum«(Einführung für Studierende)

• DGUV Info GUV_I 850-0 »Sicheres Arbeiten in Laboratorien«

• Weiterhin (ArbSchG, , SGB VII, BetrSichV, ChemG, GefStoffV, BildscharbV, DGUV Regel 1 Grundsätze der Prävention …)

• Allgemeine Laborordnung der Uni Bonn (04/2011)

• Brandschutzordnung der Universität Bonn (11/2011)

• Entsorgungsrichtlinie der Universität Bonn (01/2011)

insbesondere (in particular)

non-concluding itemisation

Accidence insurance

15

Occupational accident

• insured at Landesunfallkasse NRW (public accidentinsurance)

• Occupational accidents embrace health or propertydamages which occur due the job or study activities

• way-to-work accidents are also insured

Occupation accidents are accidents due to the job (insured

activity). They are temporary and external incidents which

damage someone‘s health or cause someone‘s death.

according to SGB VII, § 8(1)

16

Procedure in case of accident I• First Aid (take care on your safety)

Everybody is obliged to do first aid. (§323 c StGB)

• call a trained First-Aider

• maybe consult a doctor (D-Arzt, traumatology specialist)– go to the doctor together with a colleague, but if:

– serious bleeding

– unconciousness/coma

– electrical accident

– vomiting/dizzyness

– serious pain

– signs of shock (cold switting, paleness, high freq. pulse)

– intoxication

– insured person‘s demand

Call an ambulance immediately

Emergency call 112

17

Procedure in case of accident II

• Inform the superior and the managing director.

• Maybe, superior must create an accident report (within 3 days after superior has got notice of the accident).

• Maybe contact dep. 4.2 (occupational safety and environment protection) in case of serious accidents.

18

Accident report

• inability to work of more than 3 days• consulting a traumatologist (D-Arzt)

• create the report within 3 days

• duty of the employer, usually the managing director, supervisor or course director (students)

• use the public insurance‘s forms(available: Intranet or LUK NRW)

• Even bagatelle accidents (cut, scratch, small burning) must be documentated in the »Verbandbuch«.

19

Handling accident report

• employees (incl. SHK/WHK): »Unfallanzeige Allgemeine Unfallversicherung«

• SHK/WHK: only in context with the salaried activity• signed by the superior and submitted to human

ressources dep. 3.2/7.4

• Students (incl. scholarship PhD-studs): » Unfallanzeige für Kita-Kinder, Schüler, Studierende«

• signed forms should be submitted by the institute‘s officeto dep. 1.3 (Mrs. Gullmann)

• public officials: forms as shown in circular 22/2001, submitting to dep. 3.1

20

Way to work accidents

• additional: questionnaire way-to work-accident (different ones for employer and employee) must be submitted to public insurance

• Report, if possible:– name, address, insurance data of the other party

– name and address of witnesses

– reference number of police, private insurance

Contribute to your safety:

- Use only safe vehicles!

- Obey the traffic regulations!

- Make yourself visible to other traffic participants!

- Wear a bicycle helmet (recommendation)!

-Motorbicycle drivers should wear appropriate clothes and i must wear a helmet!

21

Official trip

• official trips must be reported to the human ressources dep. (Abt. 3.3): Form 0398 (Intranet)

• consulting and maybe vaccination at the university medical officer(Betriebsarzt)

• stay at external reseaarch facility: obey safety precautions and restperiods, even in unfavour of experiment-time

• local safety rules, equipment and emergency exit routes

• using a car: obey driving and rest times, loading security, maybe rulesconcerning the transport of dangerous goods

22

Serious occupational accidents

• death, mass of casualities, serious health effects

• immediately contact dep. 4.2 (occupational safety and environment protection), usually done by thesuperior/managing director– Mrs. Jubelius 5952

– SiFa: 5878, 5895, 2090, 6843

– Geschäftszimmer: 5990

• dep. 4.2 informs public accidence insurance and occupational safety authority (LANUV NW)

23

Limits of the public insurance

• You are not insured or the insurance claims regress:

– no accident (e.g. illness like stroke, pre-existing suffering)

– brake of work or way-to-work due to private reasons (e.g. shopping, visiting friends, promenade)

– personal celebrations

– needless loop-ways

– personal activities and at home (except home-office)

– accident due to alcohol- or drug consumption

• basic medical treatment is provided by your healthinsurance

24

Additional insurance for students

• University of Bonn provides students (incl. PhD-studs) a private accident insurance, therefore it covers also personal accidents

• personal accidents should be reported via studentwelfare service (Studentenwerk) to »Unionsver-sicherungsdienst Detmold«

• more informations at info.point Nassestraße phone 6387, (resp. Mrs. Willscheidt)

Basic principles

26

Our institute

• Four buildings:

– »parent house« Wegelerstraße

– theoretical chemistry, Beringstraße

– electrochemistry AVZ III Römerstraße

– practical courses Gerhard-Domagk-Straße

• differences in safety equipment, rules and fire protection• requires walks/drivings between the buildings

27

Basic

• opening hours

• access to the building

• smoking is prohibited in every building

• security advice– lock doors and close when you leave your room unattended

– use the bicycle cage

– do not leave personal goods unattended

– police emergency call: 110

– campus-security: 0228-737444

28

House and Laboratory Rules

• handle the institute‘s facilities and work with care

• (if possible) do not work alone, at least let someone knowwhere you are and what you do, avoid any dangerousactivities

• regard the proper and safe experimental setup

• proper arrangement and cleaness is a must

• do not store flammable goods on the corridors

• keep escape routes free

• ensure free access to technical and safety facilities (e.g. emergency shut-stop-button, electrical fuses, emergencyshower)

29

Handling of safety facilities

• doors are fire and smoke barriers

– do not fix in an open position

– doors must not be locked if somebody needs these doors as emergency exit

• do not misuse safety facilities (e.g. fire extinguisher to fix a door, take a shower in the lab)

• fume hoods: keep the front sliding window closedwhenever possible

• emergency- an eye-showers

– check for function: once per month

– check for prober flow: once per year(body shower: 30 L/min, eye shower: 6 L /min)

30

Keys and Transponders

• office/lab keys and transponders are not transferrable to another person

• handle seperately from your personal keys

• chain or snap-hook is recommended (general key obliged)

• loss of office/lab keys and transponders must bereported immediately

• key-liability-insurance is recommended

31

Occupational Safety in Offices

• screen handling = modern hard labour– mixed work and breaks (10 min/h)

– eye degradion and physical and mental stress and overstress

– preventive check-up and consulting provided by the universitymedical officer

• sedentary work– dynamical sitting, adjust the high of chair and table

– mix with standing activities

– use breaks for physical exercises

• use ladders or stairs (do not build towers of chairs books)• electrical equipment (frequently safety check)• danger of stumbling (upon cables, boxes, folders)

32

Heat in the summer• use the coolness of the night (vent your room in the morning or

during night)venting during night: only 1st, 2nd floor, closed solid jalousies, be aware of thunderstorm

• sun screen (close jalousies)

• drink enough

• ventilator (electrical safety check, stumbling upon cable)

• adjust work and break hours

• avoid exhausting activity at noon/early afternoon

• adapt your clothes to temperature as far as possible

Fire Prevention

34

Fire safety regulation A

• addresses to everybody in thebuilding

• general statementsabout fire preventionand behaviour in caseof accident

• you can find it in everystairhouse

35

Fire Safety Regulation B

• addresses to the the tenured and non-tenured institutemembers

• decribes the fire prevention and the behaviour and themeasures in case of fire more detailed

36

Fire Safety Regulation C

• required by the fire prevention concept of the university

• detailed planning document for each institute/building– fire prevention

– prepares alarm and evacuation

– safety measures for persons, environment, material assets

– fire fighting

– preparations for fire service incident and communication to fireservice

– aftercare

37

Automatic Fire Alarm System

• purpose: early detection and reporting of fires

• The fire service treats every automatic alarm like an active fire until the opposite is certained.

• Take each alarm seriously! Assume an active fire!

• activities with heat or dust emission must be notified in advance

• false alarms costs 900 €

• fire alarm system does not report »non fire dangers«

38

start pointof recon

Automatic Fire Alarm System

MÖÖÖÖÖP!

sensors

fire alarmboxes

39

Behaviour in Case of Fire

• Keep calm• Report the fire immediately! Emergency call 112• Stop your work!• Leave the building via the labelled escape routes and the

stairhouses. Inform other persons! • If posssible:

– Close doors and windows! (don‘t lock)

– shut off machines and energy supply (except cooling/stirring).

• Do not use the elevator!• Assembly point is the greenfield between physics lecture

hall and anatomy institute. Take care of your colleagues!• Obey the orders of fire service and fire safety assistents!

40

If you cannot leave your room

• e.g. smoke or fire on the corridor, stairhouse

• Close your door!

• Wait at the window! Advise fire service and other peopleto yourself!

• Maybe, call the fire service and tell what happened and where you are.

• Follow the firefighter‘s instructions!

41

Speaking of Smoke

• Majority of fire victims die due to smoke inhalation(carbon monoxide intoxication)

• Smoke can spread via open doors and corridors. Theingredients of smoke can contamininate and damageworthful objects and force corrosion.

• Smoke is flammable itself and can contribute to thespread of fire (flash-over, backdraught).

• e.g.: fire in the University of Karlsruhe (approx 2000): overall damages due to fire and smoke 50.000.000 DM, damage due to fire: only 250.000 DM or smoke causes95% of the financial damage!

42

Try to Extinguish Fire

• Saving humans has top priority rather than fighting fire.• Regard your own safety!• Fight an initial fire until fire service is on scene.• If possible, use several fire equipemt parallel.

• Clear in advance:– Where can I find which equipent?

– Which extinguishing agent is used?

– How can I use it and for what?

– Which disadvantages and dangers have the extinguishing agent?

– What is about electricity?

– Can I use it?

43

Fire Extinguishing Equipment

44

Burning Clothes

• Use the emergency shower, wall hydrant or fireextinguishers!

• Provisonally use a fire blanket or roll the person on thefloor.

• Hinder the person to escape.

• Call the ambulance service.

45

Aftercare of a fire alarm

• fire equipment must be checked and replaced after eachuse (dep. 4.3 technical facility management)

• used fire extinguishers must not be put on their placeagain

• after active fire: affected rooms can be used again afterclearance by dep. 4.5 (construction and fire prevention)

46

Risk Assessment

48

Risk Assessment• employer‘s duty

– ArbSchG § 5

– DGUV 1 § 3

– GefSToffV § 6

• The employer shall conduct an assessment of the risks faced by theinsured persons in connection with their work in order to determinewhich of the measures are necessary.

• Assesment must base on the workplace, the workplace conditions, the employee‘s skills and the job activity.

• University of Bonn: duty of the superior (i.e. workgroup leader orcourse director)

49

Risks at the Working Area

• hazard situations can occur through:

– ergonomic design und structure of a workplace,

– physical, chemical and biological stress,

– special work equipment,

– deficits in the organisation of the work,

– use of wrong personal protective equipment,

– lack of Instruction/poor qualification.

50

Risk Assessment

• Danger = Probability x Extend of Damage

• standardised procedure available only for particularhazard categories

• methodology and extend of the assessment depend on• operating background

• important: well structured and stepwise proceeding

51

7 Steps

riskreconaissance

effectivenessmonitoring

documentationreview

riskjudgement

measuredefinition

measureimplementation

workplace

52

Einfaches Maßnahmenkonzept Gefahrstoffe• standardised method in order to recognize hazards due to operations

with chemicals and to define measures

• moduls: »health effects inhalation/skin contact« and »fire/explosion«

• few procedures necessary to recognize hazards and define measures

• informations from safety data sheet and workplace inspection

• effectiveness monitoring without measurement of airbourneconcentrations or contaminations

• designed by the Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin

Further informations, manuals, safety procedures:

www.baua.de

53

Collecting safety data about chemicals

• safety data sheet (manufacturer) also for many standardchemicals online available (e.g. Roth, VWR, Aldrich etc.)

• Haz-Mat databases

– IGS-Datenbanken (LANUV)

– IGS-public (frei) oder IGS-Stoffliste (Registrierung erforderlich)

– Gestis-Datenbanken der DGUV

– Wiser and WebWiser (National Library of Medicine)

54

Review

• change in the safety and health conditions at theworkplace (e.g. new equipment, new operations)

• accidents• recognized effects on health or environment• faults at safety equipment

• recommended: frequently review

55

Help with the Assessment

• Assessment sheet for different work areas– Webseite der Abt. 4.2

• general support: dep. 4.2 »Occupational Safety and Environmental Protection«

• technical facility management (incl. ventilation, safetycabinets): dep. 4.3

• construction work and fire prevention: dep. 4.5

56

Special Rules: Pregnancy

• safety information 03/02• pregnant women and their childs must not expose to

harmful conditions• some activities are generally forbidden

– hard physical work

– night shifts

– activities with high risk: e.g. working on ladders

– work and stay in genetic engineering labs (above S2)

– work and stay in controlled areas or handling of radioactivesubstances

– work and stay in areas with harmful external effects, e.g. magnetic fields

– handling aof cancerogene, mutagene or teratogene substances

– handling of chemicals, if a workplace threshold is extended

– activities with risk of infection

Behaviour in Case of Incident

58

Ventilation Systems

• Disorders of the Ventillation system are emergencycases, please inform directly the technical department of the university– dep. 4.3 – technical facility management

Tel. 7600emergency phone (WE, night) 1111

• In case of a technical emergency you don´t have to fill in a service form (also in any other case of house-technic-disorder e.g. leaking water pipe)

• Stop working immediately, especially when working withhazardous materials

59

First Aid• Keep calm and act cautiously!• Do not forget your own safety!• Protecting people has top priority!

• Evacuate injured persons out of the danger area, if possible.• Perform immediate life-saving-measures!• Do not leave an injured person alone!

• inform a trained first-aider and maybe make an emergency call

• maybe, show the ambulancers the way (so. should wait at the mainentrance)

• inform superior and maybe accident report

60

First Aid

• These life savingprocedures aregeneral education:– emergency call

– recovery position

– shock position

– pressure bandage

– cardiopulmonalresuscitation

first aid boxes on every floor and in many laboratories

61

Emergency Call

62

You want to become a first-aider …

• Trainings and details

or at the university medical officer

• You want to engage further:– Volunteer fire service, red cross, orders of malta, st. johns,

workers samaritan, civil protection welcomemotivated members!

https://www.intranet.uni-bonn.de/dateien/erste-hilfe-ausbildung

63

Unauthorised persons

• Keep care on your and your colleagues‘ safety

• Unauthorised persons are not allowed to stay in thebuilding.

• Call police or campus-security

– police: 110

– campus security: 7444

Personal Protective Equipment

65

Provision and use

• employer must provide personal protective equipment

• employee must use it• furthermore report any faults

66

Definition of Precautionary Measures

• Precautionary measures are classified by• the STOP-principle:

– S – substitution/strategical

– T – technical measures

– O – organiational measures

– P – personal safety equipment

67

Eye Protection

• During work in labs and workshops wear safety glasses.

• There are special regulations for the works with weldingmachines and lasers. You will get informations from theworkshop manager or the representative for laser safety

• In case of eye injury: see the ophthalmologist: – emergency centre (university clinics): 88-12000

– clinic of ophthalmology 88-15505

68

Body- and Skin Protection

• During works in Laboratory wear long-sleeved cotton work coats

• During works in Laboratory wear anti-sliding sturdy shoes

• During works in Laboratory with corrosive, poisonous or hazardous

chemicals wear protective gloves

• What protective gloves are useful for your work? Look into the skin-

protection-plan (to get from the dep. 4.2 or the safety

representative) + GUV-R 195 / BGR 195

• Consult also the safety data sheet (sec. 8) about proper personal

safety equipment!

• Risk of contamination? Hold substitute clothes ready!

69

Safety equipment can be ordered via thesuperios at the dep. 4.2:safety equipment cataloguehttp://uni-bonn.agu-hochschulen.de/?id=1193

70

Does Protective Equipment Increase Safety?

• What is the purpose of themasks?

• How to wear a mask?• How to check that it is

tight?• How to use the filter?• What kind of filter is it?• Against which hazards the

filter protects and whatare its limits?

• How stressful is the useof masks?

• When have I trained it last time?

Sicherheit im Labor

72

Main dangers in laboratory

• Mechanic (cut, bite, Moving (crossing traffic)• Electric (damaged cable, multiple sockets, Stolperfallen)• Healthy hazards (all kind of hazard materials)• Fire and explosion (wrong waste disposal)• Thermic (deep cold gases, hot surfaces)• Unexpected incidents (glass burst, leakage)• Physical phenomena (radiation, magnetism)• Ergonomic overuse (bad posture)• Psychological overuse (noise, heat, unassisted work)• Power failure (defects: water supply, electricity,

ventillation)• Insufficient and unclear work management

73

Duties of the laboratory head

• Controlling of unassisted work• Ensuring of the laboratory work places after closing time• Instuctions for the work of external companies• Special precautions (e.g. for hazardous materials)• Emergency management in case of defects: (Ventilation,

water-, gas- and electricity supply)• Risk assessment• Fire prevention• Personal security outfit and first-aid equipment• Controlling of the maintenance intervals• Controlling of movable devices and other resources• laborartory: every year // office: every two years

74

Technical Protection: Fume Hoods

• Works with solvents or other chemicals which areattended with the formation of harmful gases, fumes ordusts must be accomplished in a fume hood (digestory)

• While working with hazardous substances, the front panel of the fume hood should be closed

• Regular functional tests

75

Basics of Laboratory work• experimental works should be carried out carefully and

cautiously

• operating instructions have to be created

• check the substitution of dangerous chemicals (e.g. Toluene instead of Benzene)

• before starting the experimental works a risk assessmentof the workplace and the workplace conditions has to bemade

• experimental workplaces with higher securityrequirements have to be checked by an occupationalhealth and safety practitioner before the works start (dep. 4.2)

76

Storage of Chemicals

• proper and labelled containers

• maximum limits

• storage cabinets

• Do not collect old chemicals! Unnecessary chemicalsshould be disposed (»Labormobil« 4 x per year)!

77

Special Safety Rules

• Must be defined and explained within the instruction at the workplace/workplace:

• particulary:– vacuum

– gas bottles and overpressure

– laser

– high voltage

– x-ray or radioactive materials

– t.b.c.

78

Handling of Chemicals

• Characterics and dangers of chemicals you work withshould be known

• Hazardous chemicals must be listed in an hazardousmaterials directory which must be updated at least once a year.

79

Endangerment by Chemicals

80

Labeling

• Labelling of containers/flaskd containing chemicalsaccording to the regulations of the ordinance of hazardous substances (GefStoffV)– chemical specification (full text)

– hazard symbol

– H- und P-phrases as numbers

– responsible person‘s name

• CMT-substance: H-phrases as full text!

Methanol

H225, H301+311+331, H370

P301+310, P303+361+353, P308+311

DANGER

Peter Mayer, R. 2.023

81

GHS Label (commercial purchased substances)

82

GHS Hazard Symbols

83

Informations about GHS-Classification

www.umweltbundesamt.de

84

Handling – Purchasing– Disposal

• safety data sheets and operation-procedures must be in reach (safekeeping period 10 years)

• purchase chemicals via the institute‘s purchasing officeor the ZVE

• handling and disposal of Flouric Acid, ChromosulphuricAcid, Edithiumbromide and CMT substances requiresspecial procedures and safety measures

• chemicals and contaminated equipment must be disposedaccording to the university‘s disposal rule (01/2011)

• Be aware that chemicals can still react in the disposalcanisters!

85

Liquid and Extrem Cold Gases

• Transport only in certified containers (metal dewars)

• Transport of liquid gases in passenger elevators is strictlyprohibited

• You must create an operational instruction

• special protection equipment (face shiled, isolatedgloves)

• liquified He: superfluidity

86

Inflammable Liquids

• No storage of bigger amounts of flammable liquids at the

workplace

• Storage only of daily requirement (max. 1L)

• Use security cupboards for storage

• Store highly flammable liquids in stainless steel canisters

• Storage in refrigerators: only if they are free of ignition

sources (has to be labelled on door of the fridge!)

• Before starting the works check if proper fire

extinguishers are in reach

• If possible, work on fire-resistant bottom layer

87

Keep in mind:

• emergency exits and escape routes• fire extinguishers• emergency and eye showers• telephones and alarm device

• Fist Aid: measures and behaviours in case of accident• behaviour in hazardous situations: Keep calm, act

conscious!

• properties and hazards of experimental equipment• chemicals and their properties• safety instructions and informations• use personal safety equipment

• dispososal of chemical waste