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PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES R250208013 Md Riz Zama R250208012 Manu Adhana 06/15/2022 Petrochemical Industries 1

12-13 petrochemical industries

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Page 1: 12-13 petrochemical industries

04/10/2023 Petrochemical Industries 1

PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES

R250208013 Md Riz ZamaR250208012 Manu Adhana

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Content

• THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY• HISTORY OF PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES• PETROLEUM COVERAGE IS INTEGRATED• IMPORTANCE OF PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES• MAJOR END USE PRODUCTS• PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES –INDIAN SECNARIO• GROWTH OF PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES• CHALANGES FACED BY INDIAN PETROCHEMICAL

INDUSTRIES• SWOT ANALYSIS• COMPANIES OPERATING IN INDIA• GLOBAL SECNARIO• BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Acknowledgement

We would like to thank M/s Kriti Malhotra Srivastava , faculty in charge UOGB, for giving us an great opportunity to make this project on the topic PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES.

We would also like to express our kind gratitude to my friends who helped me in making this project a successful one.

Thanking You

Md Riz Zama

Manu Adhana

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The Petrochemical Industry

Oil & Gas Production

Refining of crude Oil Gas Processing

Bulk Chemicalse.g. Chlorine

Petrochemical FeedstockNaphtha, Gas Oil, Methane, Ethane, Propane, LPG

Oxygen Steam

Base Petrochemicals Aromatics (B-T-X), Methanol

Base Petrochemicals (Monomers) Ethylene, Propylene, Butylene

Derivative Petrochemicals PTA, Ethyl Benzene

Derivative Petrochemicals Ethylene Oxide, Vinyl Chloride

Fibers(Polymers)

Chemicals,Solvents

Bulk Plastic(Polymers)

Rubbers(Polymers)

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History Of Petrochemical Industries• The history of petrochemical products actually dates

back to ancient Egypt.• Products we know today as ethylene and polyethylene

were made the ancient Egyptians. They were smart enough to know that when the fig plant was gassed, it would stimulate ripening, and this process released the ethylene which was produced organically in the plant.

• Then in 1872 the first chemical from petroleum was derived which was Carbon Black, by partial combustion of natural gas in air.

• In 1913 Cracking process was introduced in oil refinery.• In 1920 Propylene was manufactured by Standard Oil

Company in New Jersy.• The first petrochemical use of ethylene occurred when

Union Carbide opened a plant in 1923.

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• The World WAR 1 and 2 played an important role in development of petrochemical industries and it was at its peak because of demand.

• In 1970’s because of the oil crisis petrochemical industries suffered a depression era.

• Then from 1980’s when the middle east countries started developing their own resources since then the industry is increasing continuously till date.

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Petrochemicals Coverage is Integrated

Crude, Nat Gas

Refined Product

s

Petrochemicals,

Polymers

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Importance Of Petrochemical Industries

• The India petrochemical industry originated in the 1970s and entered the arena of the industries of India. This sector was subjected to rapid growth in the period between the 1980s and 1990s.

• The petrochemical industry is a capital-intensive and high-volumes industry. The demand elasticity is high in petrochemicals.

• The petrochemical sector has, on an average, grown at a rate of 13% per annum, which is more than double the growth of the gross domestic product (GDP). The Indian petrochemical sector generates a turnover of INR210 billion (US$4.58 billion) and is vital to the economy.

• In a country like India, where the middle-class segment is growing at a rapid space, demand is expected to grow at a high rate.

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Major End Use Products

Some typical petrochemical intermediates are:

• - vinyl acetate for paint, paper and textile coatings vinyl chloride for

• - polyvinyl chloride PVC) • - resin manufacture • - ethylene glycol for polyester - textile

fibers - styrene which is important in rubber and plastic manufacturing.

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Products

• Surfactants• Cotton• Cellulosics• Synthetics• Acrylics• Polyamides• Polyester• Wool• Elastomers• Polymers• Fiber

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Petrochemical Industries- Indian Secnario

• Petrochemicals contribute over 20% of total chemical sector output

• Petrochemicals annual consumption growth > 10%

• Polymer (63%) and synthetic fiber ( 29%) major petrochemicals

• Growth rate in polymer consumption higher than China. China – 11.7% in China and 12.7% in India

• Polymer growth rate more than 2 times GDP growth rate in past five years

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Growth Of Petrochemical Industries

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Challenges Faced By Indian Petrochemical Industries

• High cost of energy and feedstock and the impact on demand

• The transformation in the kinetics of competition in manufacturing

• Increase in the cost of project

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Problems Faced By Indian Petrochemical Industries

• The manufacturing units mostly use obsolete format of technology and are not able produce optimally

• There is a necessity for the modernization of equipments

• Excise duty on synthetic fiber should be rationalized

• Prevention of reservation on Small Scale Units • Plastic waste to be recycled and the littering

habits to be discouraged • India requires advantage on feedstock, so the

import cost has to be brought down • The industry should have access to the primary

amenities of infrastructure

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SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH- • Large and fast growing domestic market• Large availability of trained manpower at competitive wage

rates• Ability to adapt and assimilate new technologies.• Consolidation phase in place , benefits from the economies of

scale WEAKNESS-• Inadequate basic Infrastructure• High cost of feedstock compared to M-E region• Synthetic fibre/plastic processing industry Is fragmented with

most plants of sub optimal size and using outdated technology.

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SWOT ANALYSISOPPORTUNITIES-• Domestic per capita polymer consumption low as compared

to global average.• Huge polymer and synthetic fibre demand growth• Low expenditure in R&D compared to international average

• Opportunities for product development.

THREATS-• Shift in manufacturing capacities to feedstock abundant

region• Large scale plants in China and Middle-east• Competitiveness, environmental concerns and market

recognition

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Companies Operating In India

• RELIANCE• IPCL• NOCIL• GAIL• HALDIA PETROCHEMICAL LTD.

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Petrochemicals – Global Scenario • Petrochemical industry measured in terms of ethylene capacity• Global ethylene capacity -113 MMTPA. – US share 25% and India 2% of global capacity• 2004 is the transition year to petrochemical industry

profitability• Profitability propelled by China’s growing market, recovering economies, pent up demand and inventory rebuilding• Current stress is on economies of scale, cost effectiveness and consolidation of large players• Market shift from US, EU and Japan to China and India.• China and India import 11 MMTPA of petrochemical products

which is expected to increase to 17 MMTPA by 2010.• China and India will be the second and third largest consuming countries respectively after US.

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Bibliography

• Department of Chemicals & Petrochemicals, GOI

• Thomko Petro Chemical Blog (Northwest Indiana Minority Distributor

Petro Chemicals/Petroleum)• Shine.com• The world of petroleum (BOOK)• E-book(Given in class)

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Thank You