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Review Questions and Answers
Chapters 6-9
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1. Shock is the condition produced when the cardiovascular-pulmonary system fails to deliver enough oxygenated blood to body tissues, which results in a reduction of metabolism for those tissues.
◦ A. 1st phrase is true, 2nd phase is false◦ B. 1st phrase is false, 2nd phase is true◦ C. Both phrases are true.◦ D. Both phrases are false.
Chapter 6: Shock
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1. Shock is the condition produced when the cardiovascular-pulmonary system fails to deliver enough oxygenated blood to body tissues, which results in a reduction of metabolism for those tissues.
◦ A. 1st phrase is true, 2nd phase is false◦ B. 1st phrase is false, 2nd phase is true◦ C. Both phrases are true.◦ D. Both phrases are false.
ANSWER… Ch 6
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2. Which type of shock would you suspect for a patient experiencing a severe infection?
◦ A. hypovolemic◦ B. anaphylactic◦ C. cardiogenic◦ D. septic
Chapter 6: Shock
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2. Which type of shock would you suspect for a patient experiencing a severe infection?
◦ A. hypovolemic◦ B. anaphylactic◦ C. cardiogenic◦ D. septic
ANSWER… Ch 6
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3. Which stage of shock is irreversible and characterized by failure of the vital organs?
◦ A. initial stage◦ B. refractory stage◦ C. compensatory stage◦ D. progressive stage
Chapter 6: Shock
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3. Which stage of shock is irreversible and characterized by failure of the vital organs?
◦ A. initial stage◦ B. refractory stage◦ C. compensatory stage◦ D. progressive stage
ANSWER… Ch 6
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4. What is the most important step in the specific emergency treatment for hypovolemic shock?
◦ A. arrest the fluid loss◦ B. administer antimicrobial medication◦ C. administer appropriate medication to reduce
tachycardia◦ D. none of the above
Chapter 6: Shock
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4. What is the most important step in the specific emergency treatment for hypovolemic shock?
◦ A. arrest the fluid loss◦ B. administer antimicrobial medication◦ C. administer appropriate medication to reduce
tachycardia◦ D. none of the above
ANSWER… Ch 6
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5. All of the following are possible etiologies of neurogenic shock except one. Which one is the exception?
◦ A. emotional trauma◦ B. a disease of the brain stem◦ C. an injury to the spinal cord◦ D. myocardial infarction (MI)
Chapter 6: Shock
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5. All of the following are possible etiologies of neurogenic shock except one. Which one is the exception?
◦ A. emotional trauma◦ B. a disease of the brain stem◦ C. an injury to the spinal cord◦ D. myocardial infarction (MI)
ANSWER… Ch 6
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6. The type of shock that has the symptoms of nonspecific chest pain and shortness of breath would be
◦ A. hypovolemic◦ B. cardiogenic◦ C. septic◦ D. none of the above
Chapter 6: Shock
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6. The type of shock that has the symptoms of nonspecific chest pain and shortness of breath would be
◦ A. hypovolemic◦ B. cardiogenic◦ C. septic◦ D. none of the above
ANSWER… Ch 6
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7. All of the following are forms of distributive shock except one. Which one is the exception?
◦ A. cardiogenic shock◦ B. septic shock◦ C. neurogenic shock◦ D. anaphylactic shock
Chapter 6: Shock
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7. All of the following are forms of distributive shock except one. Which one is the exception?
◦ A. cardiogenic shock◦ B. septic shock◦ C. neurogenic shock◦ D. anaphylactic shock
ANSWER… Ch 6
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8. In what position should the patient be placed when suffering from shock?◦ A. supine◦ B. head between the knees◦ C. upright◦ D. on the stomach
Chapter 6: Shock
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8. In what position should the patient be placed when suffering from shock?◦ A. supine◦ B. head between the knees◦ C. upright◦ D. on the stomach
ANSWER… Ch 6
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1. All of the following are symptoms of hyperventilation except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. circumoral parasthesia◦ B. heart palpitations◦ C. pulmonary embolism◦ D. hypernea
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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1. All of the following are symptoms of hyperventilation except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. circumoral parasthesia◦ B. heart palpitations◦ C. pulmonary embolism◦ D. hypernea
ANSWER… Ch 7
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2. The chemical lacking in the bloodstream of the hyperventilating patient is◦ A. oxygen◦ B. hydrogen◦ C. iron◦ D. carbon dioxide
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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2. The chemical lacking in the bloodstream of the hyperventilating patient is◦ A. oxygen◦ B. hydrogen◦ C. iron◦ D. carbon dioxide
ANSWER… Ch 7
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3. The carpopedal spasms often seen in a patient who is hyperventilating is caused by◦ A. the respiratory acidosis◦ B. the reduction in calcium in the bloodstream◦ C. reduced cerebral oxygenation◦ D. none of the above
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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3. The carpopedal spasms often seen in a patient who is hyperventilating is caused by◦ A. the respiratory acidosis◦ B. the reduction in calcium in the
bloodstream◦ C. reduced cerebral oxygenation◦ D. none of the above
ANSWER… Ch 7
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4. The recommended treatment for a hyperventilating patient is◦ A. have him/her breathe into a paper bag◦ B. have him/her drink milk to increase calcium
levels◦ C. administer oxygen at 4 liters per minute◦ D. work with the patient to control his/her
breathing
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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4. The recommended treatment for a hyperventilating patient is◦ A. have him/her breathe into a paper bag◦ B. have him/her drink milk to increase calcium
levels◦ C. administer oxygen at 4 liters per minute◦ D. work with the patient to control his/her
breathing
ANSWER… Ch 7
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5. The symptoms of a pulmonary embolism are often similar to the symptoms of hyperventilation and both conditions are potentially life threatening.◦ A. The 1st phrase is correct and the 2nd is incorrect◦ B. The 1st phrase is incorrect and the 2nd is correct◦ C. Both phrases are correct◦ D. Both phrases are incorrect
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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5. The symptoms of a pulmonary embolism are often similar to the symptoms of hyperventilation and both conditions are potentially life threatening.◦ A. The 1st phrase is correct and the 2nd is
incorrect◦ B. The 1st phrase is incorrect and the 2nd is correct◦ C. Both phrases are correct◦ D. Both phrases are incorrect
ANSWER… Ch 7
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6. The respiration rate for a person experiencing hyperventilation is◦ A. 12-14 resp/min◦ B. 14-16 resp/min◦ C. 16-18 resp/min◦ D. >22 resp/min
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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6. The respiration rate for a person experiencing hyperventilation is◦ A. 12-14 resp/min◦ B. 14-16 resp/min◦ C. 16-18 resp/min◦D. >22 resp/min
ANSWER… Ch 7
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7. Abnormal spasm of the facial muscles elicited by light taps on the facial nerve is referred to as◦ A. Levine sign
B. Chvostek’s signC. TetanyD. Circumoral parasthesia
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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7. Abnormal spasm of the facial muscles elicited by light taps on the facial nerve is referred to as◦ A. Levine sign◦ B. Chvostek’s sign◦ C. Tetany◦ D. Circumoral parasthesia
ANSWER… Ch 7
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All of the following are common precipitating factors of hyperventilation except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. high altitudes◦ B. Pregnancy◦ C. anxiety◦ D. hypertension
Chapter 7: Hyperventilation
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All of the following are common precipitating factors of hyperventilation except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. high altitudes◦ B. Pregnancy◦ C. anxiety◦ D. hypertension
ANSWER… Ch 7
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1. All of the following are associated with increased seizure activity, except one. What is the exception?◦ A. hypoglycemia◦ B. hyperglycemia◦ C. hypoxia◦ D. pyrexia
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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1. All of the following are associated with increased seizure activity, except one. What is the exception?◦ A. hypoglycemia◦ B. hyperglycemia◦ C. hypoxia◦ D. pyrexia
ANSWER… Ch 8
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2. Which of the following are responsibilities of the clinician in treating a patient with seizure disorder?◦ A. Thoroughly reviewing the medical history and
discussing it with the patient.◦ B. Monitoring the patient for signs and symptoms
of impending seizures.◦ C. Protecting the patients from harm during the
seizure.◦ D. Monitoring the patient’s vital signs during
recovery, and arranging a ride home◦ E. All of the above.
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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2. Which of the following are responsibilities of the clinician in treating a patient with seizure disorder?◦ A. Thoroughly reviewing the medical history and
discussing it with the patient.◦ B. Monitoring the patient for signs and symptoms
of impending seizures.◦ C. Protecting the patients from harm during the
seizure.◦ D. Monitoring the patient’s vital signs during
recovery, and arranging a ride home◦ E. All of the above .
ANSWER… Ch 8
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3. Seizure activity is often preceded by an aura. Patients are always aware that they have had an aura.◦ A. Both phrases are true◦ B. Both phrases are false◦ C. The 1st phrase is true, the 2nd is false◦ D. The 1st phrase is false, the 2nd is true
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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3. Seizure activity is often preceded by an aura. Patients are always aware that they have had an aura.◦ A. Both phrases are true◦ B. Both phrases are false◦ C. The 1st phrase is true, the 2nd is false◦ D. The 1st phrase is false, the 2nd is true
ANSWER… Ch 8
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4. All of the following are classifications of seizures, except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. Signs and symptoms◦ B. duration◦ C. age of patient◦ D. type of aura◦ E. precipitating factors
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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4. All of the following are classifications of seizures, except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. Signs and symptoms◦ B. duration◦ C. age of patient◦ D. type of aura◦ E. precipitating factors
ANSWER… Ch 8
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5. Your patient stiffens and starts to experience a seizure in the middle of periodontal debridement. What is the first thing you should do?◦ A. Activate EMS system◦ B. Stop treatment and remove everything from
the patient’s mouth◦ C. Administer CPR◦ D. Administer antiepileptic medications
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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5. Your patient stiffens and starts to experience a seizure in the middle of periodontal debridement. What is the first thing you should do?◦ A. Activate EMS system◦ B. Stop treatment and remove everything
from the patient’s mouth◦ C. Administer CPR◦ D. Administer antiepileptic medications
ANSWER… Ch 8
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6. The following oral signs and symptoms may be present in a patient with a history of seizure disorders. Which of the following is an exception?◦ A. advanced periodontitis◦ B. gingival overgrowth◦ C. fractured teeth◦ D. tongue lacerations and scarring
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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6. The following oral signs and symptoms may be present in a patient with a history of seizure disorders. Which of the following is an exception?◦ A. advanced periodontitis◦ B. gingival overgrowth◦ C. fractured teeth◦ D. tongue lacerations and scarring
ANSWER… Ch 8
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7. Antiepileptic drugs fall into which of the following pharmaceutical classifications◦ A. muscle relaxants◦ B. opioids◦ C. central nervous system stimulants◦ D. anticonvulsants
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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7. Antiepileptic drugs fall into which of the following pharmaceutical classifications◦ A. muscle relaxants◦ B. opioids◦ C. central nervous system stimulants◦ D. anticonvulsants
ANSWER… Ch 8
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8. The most common type of seizure disorder is◦ A. absence or petit mal seizures◦ B. tonic-clonic or grand mal seizures
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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8. The most common type of seizure disorder is◦ A. absence or petit mal seizures◦ B. tonic-clonic or grand mal seizures
ANSWER… Ch 8
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9. The injectable drug of choice in the emergency treatment of GTCS or status epilepticus is◦ A. phenytoin◦ B. carbamazepine◦ C. diazepam◦ D. codeine
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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9. The injectable drug of choice in the emergency treatment of GTCS or status epilepticus is◦ A. phenytoin◦ B. carbamazepine◦ C. diazepam◦ D. codeine
ANSWER… Ch 8
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10. Respiratory arrest is most likely to occur during which phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?◦ A. aura◦ B. preictal◦ C. ictal◦ D. postictal
Chapter 8: Seizure Disorders
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10. Respiratory arrest is most likely to occur during which phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?◦ A. aura◦ B. preictal◦ C. ictal◦ D. postictal
ANSWER… Ch 8
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1. Which of the following is a condition that often mimics the symptoms of a CVA?◦ A. hypoglycemia◦ B. hyperventilation◦ C. diabetic ketoacidosis◦ D. anaphylaxis
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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1. Which of the following is a condition that often mimics the symptoms of a CVA?◦ A. hypoglycemia◦ B. hyperventilation◦ C. diabetic ketoacidosis◦ D. anaphylaxis
ANSWER… Ch 9
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2. All of the following are individuals susceptible to CVA except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. individuals with atrial fibrillation◦ B. diabetic patients◦ C. young women taking oral contraceptives◦ D. males in the 30-40 age range.
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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2. All of the following are individuals susceptible to CVA except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. individuals with atrial fibrillation◦ B. diabetic patients◦ C. young women taking oral contraceptives◦ D. males in the 30-40 age range.
ANSWER… Ch 9
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3. All of the following are symptoms of acute ischemic CVA except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. vision changes◦ B. dysphagia◦ C. chest pain◦ D. facial droop
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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3. All of the following are symptoms of acute ischemic CVA except one. Which one is the exception?◦ A. vision changes◦ B. dysphagia◦ C. chest pain◦ D. facial droop
ANSWER… Ch 9
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4. The preferred treatment for acute ischeimic stroke in the emergency department is the administration of intravenous r-tPA, and the r-tPA needs to be delivered within the first three hours of onset of the CVA symptoms.◦ A. The 1st phrase is true, the 2nd false◦ B. The 1st phrase is false, the 2nd true◦ C. Both phrases are true◦ D. Both phrases are false
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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4. The preferred treatment for acute ischeimic stroke in the emergency department is the administration of intravenous r-tPA, and the r-tPA needs to be delivered within the first three hours of onset of the CVA symptoms.◦ A. The 1st phrase is true, the 2nd false◦ B. The 1st phrase is false, the 2nd true◦ C. Both phrases are true◦ D. Both phrases are false
ANSWER… Ch 9
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5. What can occur to a patient who is experiencing a hemorrhagic CVA and is given r-tPA?◦ A. formation of a thrombus and worsening
symptoms◦ B. additonal hemorrhage worsening symptoms◦ C. rupturing of an aneurysm and improved
symptoms◦ D. none of the above
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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5. What can occur to a patient who is experiencing a hemorrhagic CVA and is given r-tPA?◦ A. formation of a thrombus and worsening
symptoms◦ B. additional hemorrhage worsening
symptoms◦ C. rupturing of an aneurysm and improved
symptoms◦ D. none of the above
ANSWER… Ch 9
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6. Oxygen should be delivered to a patient suspected of a CVA only if◦ A. The patient is positioned supinely◦ B. The patient is hypoxic◦ C. the CVA is hemorrhagic◦ D. the blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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6. Oxygen should be delivered to a patient suspected of a CVA only if◦ A. The patient is positioned supinely◦ B. The patient is hypoxic◦ C. the CVA is hemorrhagic◦ D. the blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg
ANSWER… Ch 9
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7. Cerebral hemorrhages occur when a defective artery within the brain bursts and the surrounding tissue fills with blood, whereas subarachnoid hemorrhage strokes occur when a blood vessel on the surface of the brain ruptures and bleeds.◦ A. The 1st phrase is true, the 2nd is false◦ B. The 1st phrase is false, the 2nd is true◦ C. Both phrases are true◦ D. Both phrases are false
Chapter 9: Cerebrovascular Accident
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7. Cerebral hemorrhages occur when a defective artery within the brain bursts and the surrounding tissue fills with blood, whereas subarachnoid hemorrhage strokes occur when a blood vessel on the surface of the brain ruptures and bleeds.◦ A. The 1st phrase is true, the 2nd is false◦ B. The 1st phrase is false, the 2nd is true◦ C. Both phrases are true◦ D. Both phrases are false
ANSWER… Ch 9
