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Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR ManagementⅡ. Current status of PGR Management
Ⅲ. Further Approaches
Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR ManagementⅡ. Current status of PGR Management
Ⅲ. Further Approaches
Plant Genetic Resources Ⅰ. Introduction
Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic material of plant origin of actual or potential value( ITPGRFA)
Genetic Material : Any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity
Biological Resources : Genetic resources, organisms or parts thereof, populations, or any other biotic component of ecosystems with actual or potential use or value for humanity
Biological Diversity : Variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystem and the ecological complexes of which they are part
Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic material of plant origin of actual or potential value( ITPGRFA)
Genetic Material : Any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity
Biological Resources : Genetic resources, organisms or parts thereof, populations, or any other biotic component of ecosystems with actual or potential use or value for humanity
Biological Diversity : Variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystem and the ecological complexes of which they are part
Genetic material
Biological resources
Biological diversity
TK
Genetic resources
<ABS Guidebook. 2009. Ministry of Environment>
Source: ‘Dimensions of Need: An atlas of food and agriculture’. FAO, 1995.
No of Crops- 2,200sp, The 12 crops, wheat, rice, maize, barley, soybean, potato, oat, millet, sorghum, sugarcane, sweet potato, cassava, provide more than 75% of the food.
Global effort to sustainable use of PGR Ⅰ. Introduction
} International organizations & agreements
- Bioversity International: Succeed IBPGR(International Board for Plant Genetic Resources which was established for emergency collection and long-term conservation)
- International Agricultural Research Centers & : CIMMYT(Maize, wheat, barley), IRRI(rice), CIP(Roots, Tubers and Bananas), ICARDA(Dryland cereals), CIFOR(Trees), AVRDC(Vegetables)
- Agreements : UPOV(The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, 1961~1998), CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992~1993), ITPGRFA(International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 2001~2004), Nagoya Protocol (2010~2014)
San-ga-yo-rok(1449yrs) Sik-ryo-chan-yo(1460) Nong-ga-seol(1590yrs) Wi-bin-myoung-nong-ga(1618) Nong-ga-weol-ryoung(1619) Nong-ga-jip-sung(1655) Saek–gyoung(1676) San-rim-gyoung-je1(1715) Jeung-bo-san-rim-gyoung-je1(1766) Jeung-bo-san-rim-gyoung-je2(1766)Jeung-bo-san-rim-gyoung-je3(1766) Hae-dong-nong-seo1(1798yrs) Hae-dong-nong-seo2(1798yrs)Nong-jung-seo(19c the first) Nong-jeong-hoe-yo1(1830yrs) Nong-jeong-hoe-yo2(1830yrs) Nong-jeong-hoe-yo3(1830yrs) Nong-jeong-sin-pyeon(1885) etc.
Leafy vegetables(31)- mustard, lettuce, chinese cabbage, welsh onion. Spinach, wild garlic, chives, garlic, fern,
amaranthus, mugwort, water parsely, shepherd’s purse etc.
Fruits(66)- Grains : common bean, oat, proso millet, sorghum, millet, rice, barley, sesame, soybean, perilla, rentil, safflower, red bean, cowpea, broad bean, sunflower, job’s tear, mung bean, pea, wheat etc.
- Vegetables : egg plant, water melon, cucumber, pumpkin, oriental melon, gourd, chili pepper
- Fruits : jujube, chestnut, persimmon, pear, apple, crab apple, wile pear, plums, apricot, grape, wild grape, peach, ginkgo, raspberry, loquat, oak, pomegranate, nut pine, walnut etc.
Roots & tubes(14) - potato, sweet potato, elephant food, carrot, radish, ginger, lotus, deodeok, ballon flower, yam, taro,
turnip, burdock etc.
Others(229) medicinal(145), Industrial(7) others(40), fishes(19), meats(25)
Ancient documents identified 347 kinds of materials
Genetic Resources on Ancient Documents Korea Ⅰ. Introduction
Leafy vegetables(31)- mustard, lettuce, chinese cabbage, welsh onion. Spinach, wild garlic, chives, garlic, fern,
amaranthus, mugwort, water parsely, shepherd’s purse etc.
Fruits(66)- Grains : common bean, oat, proso millet, sorghum, millet, rice, barley, sesame, soybean, perilla, rentil, safflower, red bean, cowpea, broad bean, sunflower, job’s tear, mung bean, pea, wheat etc.
- Vegetables : egg plant, water melon, cucumber, pumpkin, oriental melon, gourd, chili pepper
- Fruits : jujube, chestnut, persimmon, pear, apple, crab apple, wile pear, plums, apricot, grape, wild grape, peach, ginkgo, raspberry, loquat, oak, pomegranate, nut pine, walnut etc.
Roots & tubes(14) - potato, sweet potato, elephant food, carrot, radish, ginger, lotus, deodeok, ballon flower, yam, taro,
turnip, burdock etc.
Others(229) medicinal(145), Industrial(7) others(40), fishes(19), meats(25)
NAC, Suwon, 2006 NAC, Jenju, 2014Genebank(1987)
National Agrobiodiversity Center(NAC), RDA
l 1962 Open‘Rural Development Administration‘, Promote to development of crop variety
l 1974 Enacting‘Seed Management Regulation'(RDA)
l 2008 ‘Law on Conservation, Management and Use of Agricultural & Fishery Genetic Resources'
(Initiate National Management System of Agricultural Genetic Resources)
Ⅰ. Introduction
1974 1987 19911991 20082008 20122012 2017
종자관리실(1명)보존 개시
종자은행(2명)기본 관리시설 확보
유전자원과(20명)체계적 관리 시작
2022
세계 최고 수준농업유전자원관리 및 활용
• 영양체 초저온 보존• DNA 및 추출물 뱅크• 서비스 선진화(정보, 분양)
농업유전자원센터(36명)양적→ 질적 전환기
3만8만
11만16만
20만
27만35만
1974 1987 1991 2008 2012 2017
Genetic ResourcesDivision
2022
• World class PGR management
• good collection• cryopresrvation• DNA & extracts for easy assess• user friendly info. & material service
Quantitative growth →Qualitative growth
38
1116
20
2730
National AgrobiodiversityCenter
10,000 accessions
l 1962 Open‘Rural Development Administration‘, Promote to development of crop variety
l 1974 Enacting‘Seed Management Regulation'(RDA)
l 2008 ‘Law on Conservation, Management and Use of Agricultural & Fishery Genetic Resources'
(Initiate National Management System of Agricultural Genetic Resources)
Laws on Genetic Resources
Authorities Law
M. of Science, ICT and Future Planning
Securing, Management and Use of Life Research Resources
M. of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
Conservation, Management and Use of Agricultural & Fishery Genetic Resources
M. of Environment Protection and Management of Wild life
Ⅰ. Introduction
M. of Environment Protection and Management of Wild life
M. of Oceans and Fishery
Securing, Management and Use of Marine and FisheryResourcesMarine Life Resources Management
M. of Food and Drug Safety
Bio-ethics & Safety, Management of Laboratory Animals
National Management System of Agricultural Genetic Resources
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
National
Academy of
Agricultural
Science
Sub-banks
Exploration, collection, conservation, assessment ofcrop, microbes, insects and animal genetic resources
plant, microbes, insects
Delegation Responsibility Sub-banks
Ⅰ. Introduction
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
RDANational
Institute of
Animal
Science
Sun-banks
Korea Forest Service
Developing basic plan & policy
animalbeef, pork, chicken, germs
Exploration, collection, conservation, assessment offorest and tree resources
Facilities Expect Material Condition Capacity Location
Mid-term chamber
30yrs seed 4℃, RH 30% 500,000 Jeon-ju, Su-won
Long-term chamber
100yrs seed -18℃, RH 40% 500,000 Jeon-ju, Su-won
Tanks &freezer
Semi-permanent
Vegetativeclone
-196℃ (Liquid nitrogen)
300,000 Su-won
Ex-situ conservation facilities Ⅰ. Introduction
Tanks &freezer
Semi-permanent
DNA -70℃(Deep freezer) 100,000 Jeon-ju
Mid-term(4oC) long-term(-18oC) Cryo-tanks(-196oC) Deep freezer(-70oC)
Sub-Banks of RDA
98 Sub-Banks hold 117,066 accs.(2014)- Seeds 36, Clone 40. Microorganism 9, Livestock 11, Insect 2
Vegetative clone
NICS : IndustrialNIHHS : Fruits, Ornamentals Chungbuk : Grape
Gyeonggi : Cactusgangwon : Wild Vegetables
Alpine : Potato
Seeds, MicroorganismSeoul Univ. : Bacteria, Rice, PepperKorea Univ. : Fungus, Wheat, HerbSeoul Women’s Univ. : VirusKunkuk Univ. : RiceDonkuk Univ. : Industrial
Incheon Univ : MushroomMyung Univ. : Bacteria
Gangwon Univ. : Lilium etc.SinLim : GrainKPRI : Amaranth
Ⅰ. Introduction
Apple RS : Apple
NICS : Pinellia
NICS : Peony
Gyeongnam : Chrysanthemum
Pear RS : Pear
NICS : Cotton, Onion, Garlic, Flax
NIHHS : Mandarin
Chungnam : Strawberry
Jeonbuk : Industrial
Jeonnam : Tea, Industrial
Gyeongbuk : Persimon
Jeju : Orchid, Mandarin
Jungang : CucurbitaDankuk Univ. : Rice
Gyeongsang Univ. : Beans, Barly
Chungbuk Univ. : Beans
Kyungbuk Univ. : Pepper etc.
Jeonnam Univ. : Wild beans
Jeonbuk Univ, : Barly
Gongju Univ. : Rice, PlumChungnam Univ. : Maize etc.Mokwon Univ. : BacteriaKIST : Bacteria
Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR ManagementⅡ. Current status of PGR Management
Ⅲ. Further Approaches
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR managementSecuring diversity
Wild species Land racesDeveloped varieties
Transformation
Genetic diversity of population
Genetic diversity of one accession
Economic value of one accession
Future access
PGR acquisition(plant)
yearsNo. of accessions by crops
Total
Food Hort. Indust. Others clone
2007 1,057 265 66 1 1,389
2008 1,127 301 154 5 367 1,954
2009 3,039 403 43 970 4,455
2010 4,319 704 507 6 4,876 10,412
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
2010 4,319 704 507 6 4,876 10,412
2011 5,458 1,847 476 133 4,476 12,390
2012 5,753 2,744 283 16 5,384 14,180
2013 7,150 1,751 975 1,964 11,840
2014 6,974 2,263 763 4,737 14,737
계 34,877 10,278 3,267 161 22,774 71,357 Committee for registration
Conservation status of PGR
Plant seed : 1617 species, 201,889 accessions
Crops used No of species No. of accessions Composition(%)
Food 269 151,096 74.8
Horticulture 533 25,359 12.6
Industrial 352 21,826 10.8
Forage & others 463 3,608 1.8
Total 1,617 201,889 100
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Total 1,617 201,889 100
Fruit trees Vegetables Ornamentals Others※ Total
RDA(4) 5,926 2,229 2,124 5,651 15,930
Provincial(9) 2,015 1,093 3,052 5,937 12,097
Total 7,941 3,322 5,176 11,588 28,027
Vegetative clone : 996 species, 28,027 accessions
※ medicinal, tubes, mulberry, tea trees etc.
Major collections of food crops
Crop No. of Acc. No. of origin Top 5 country of origin
Rice 40,088 91 KOR(11621), CHN(7864), JPN(5740), PHL(3295), PRK(1241)
Soybean 22,978 69 KOR(14204), CHN(2127), JPN(950), USA(851), PRK(191)
Barley 21,841 90 KOR(7975), JPN(1166), USA(1133), CHN(658), ETH(426)
Wheat 19,753 89 MEX(2536), KOR(1668), USA(1223), CHN(742), JPN(675)
Oat 9,424 80 YUG(400), USA(384), RUS(331), TUR(263), DEU(235)
Maize 8,657 53 KOR(4279), USA(580), PHL(252), THA(174), CHN(161)
Red bean 3,870 11 KOR(2821), JPN(186), CHN(95), THA(11), TWN(9)
Sorghum 3,238 43 KOR(1583), USA(133), CHN(84), IND(69), PHL(54)
Common bean 3,054 32 KOR(879), BGR(148), NPL(84), THA(82), CHN(66)
Mung bean 2,348 27 KOR(842),CHN(184), MMR(63), PHL(56), PRK(39)
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Mung bean 2,348 27 KOR(842),CHN(184), MMR(63), PHL(56), PRK(39)
Rye 1,411 50 KOR(219), TUR(165), YUG(161), USA(61), DEU(55)
Triticale 1,363 13 MEX(131), CAN(52), RUS(28), CHN(20), KOR(19)
Millet 1,100 11 KOR(816), CHN(98), THA(58), IND(55), RUS(25)
Proso Millet 1,015 23 KOR(622), RUS(107), IND(73), CHN(65), TUR(34
Cowpea 941 19 KOR(644), NPL(76), CHN(12), NGA(11), PHL(10)
Pea 798 37 NPL(62), KOR(55), RUS(49), CSK(22), POL(22)
Buckwheat 568 12 KOR(368), CHN(26), RUS(20), JPN(15), NPL(9)
Durum wheat 490 34 MEX(152), ETH(59), RUS(38), TUN(22), ITA(14)
Pearl millet 443 26 IND(244), USA(36), MLI(17), GHA(14), NER(10)
Pigeon pea 175 5 NPL(6), MMR(1), PRY(1), SDN(1), SGP(1)
Faba bean 90 12 NPL(25), THA(7), BOL(5), AUS(3), CHN(3)
Crop No. of Acc. No. of origin Top 5 country of origin
Chili pepper 5,444 107 KOR(1169), BGR(624), CHN(528), USA(248), HUN(225)
Tomato 2,216 69 RUS(209), BGR(157), CHN(132), PHL(120), KOR(91)
Melon 1,810 62 UZB(552), KOR(227), TKM(144), TJK(103), RUS(94)
Radish 1,610 50 KOR(251), CHN(232), TUR(175), USA(138), IND(108)
Pumpkin 1,502 73 KOR(567), USA(116), RUS(76), UZB(70), TUR(54)
Indian mustard 1,234 29 KOR(575), PAK(192), IND(136), NPL(77), USA(30)
Lettuce 1,219 59 KOR(241), TUR(93), NLD(91), USA(62), CHN(55)
Chinese cabbage 1,108 27 KOR(410), CHN(250), JPN(133), TWN(129), PRK(24)
Onion 1,050 47 USA(215), UZB(40), RUS(35), YUG(35), KOR(27)
Watermelon 815 74 RUS(78), UZB(62), KOR(51), TJK(42), CHN(40)
Major collections of horticultural crops Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Watermelon 815 74 RUS(78), UZB(62), KOR(51), TJK(42), CHN(40)
Cucumber 740 33 RUS(112), KOR(83), CHN(51), NPL(35), USA(28)
Eggplant 432 37 PHL(95), NPL(27), IND(26), CHN(24), JPN(22)
Gourd 375 43 KOR(79), PHL(50), VNM(36), NPL(30), IND(25)
Okra 305 34 PHL(152), NPL(23), IND(15), PAK(11), AFG(9)
Turnip 252 20 KOR(23), UZB(23), NLD(12), THA(12), NPL(9)
Welsh onion 210 15 KOR(120), MNG(21), CHN(15), JPN(12), USA(7)
Cabbage 196 27 KOR(82), RUS(19), CHN(14), UZB(10), NPL(8)
Spinach 164 8 KOR(95), JPN(12), NPL(8), CHN(7), BOL(1)
Cherry tomato 159 18 HUN(24), CRI(18), SLV(15), KOR(13), MEX(11)
Carrot 146 22 UZB(32), RUS(19), KOR(18), NPL(11), DEU(4)
Pakchoi 140 13 CHN(55), THA(18), JPN(10), KOR(10), USA(4)
Assessment of PGR
v Objectives
- understand the spectrum of the collection : prepare future use, enlarging diversity
- select targeted materials to promote use : increase the usage
- find unknown traits : widening the usage
v Components
- Evaluation: systematic determination of accession’s merit, worth and significance,
using criteria governed by a set of standards
- Characterization : describing the individual quality of the accession
- Qualitative traits : monogenic, only influenced by a single gene
- Quantitative traits : showing continued variation caused sum of several small
effects of the gene
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
v Objectives
- understand the spectrum of the collection : prepare future use, enlarging diversity
- select targeted materials to promote use : increase the usage
- find unknown traits : widening the usage
v Components
- Evaluation: systematic determination of accession’s merit, worth and significance,
using criteria governed by a set of standards
- Characterization : describing the individual quality of the accession
- Qualitative traits : monogenic, only influenced by a single gene
- Quantitative traits : showing continued variation caused sum of several small
effects of the gene
Standardization of investigation items
ApplicationAdopt or with minor modification of「Standard on Investigation and analysis manual for
Research」published by RDA
Adjusting 40~50 investigating traits items by priority- Priority 1: investigate qualitative traits while multiplication- Priority 2: evaluate user friendly traits through bioassay, molecular markers, and
instrument analysis
Priority crops at National Agrobiodiversity Center<Seed crops>
- 2013: rice, barley, wheat, triticale, rye, oat, sorghum, millet, buckwheat, proso millet, common bean, soybean, red bean, radish, chili pepper, tomato, sesame, perilla, rape, lettuce, onion, maize, cabbage, chinese cabbage, pumpkin, coriander, safflower (27)
- 2014: water melon, job’s tear, melon, cowpea (5)- 2015: egg plant, shepherd purse, mungbean, peanut, spinach, amaranthus, castor bean, cucumber, pea,
oriental melon, chicory, welsh onion, sunflower, pearl millet (14)
<Vegetative clone>- 2014: apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot, Japanese apricot, cherry, grape, raspberry, Siberian gooseberry,
citrus, persimmon, citron, loquat, pomegranate, gerbera, chrysanthemum, lily, cactuses, rose, phalenopses, perennial gypsophila, perennial statice, garlic, ginger, water parsley, ginseng, Chinese mulberry, devil’s bush, barrenwort, yam, peony, persimmon, tea tree, straw berry (36)
- 2015: potato, chives, silver grass, grasses, other flowers, industrial crops, wild
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
ApplicationAdopt or with minor modification of「Standard on Investigation and analysis manual for
Research」published by RDA
Adjusting 40~50 investigating traits items by priority- Priority 1: investigate qualitative traits while multiplication- Priority 2: evaluate user friendly traits through bioassay, molecular markers, and
instrument analysis
Priority crops at National Agrobiodiversity Center<Seed crops>
- 2013: rice, barley, wheat, triticale, rye, oat, sorghum, millet, buckwheat, proso millet, common bean, soybean, red bean, radish, chili pepper, tomato, sesame, perilla, rape, lettuce, onion, maize, cabbage, chinese cabbage, pumpkin, coriander, safflower (27)
- 2014: water melon, job’s tear, melon, cowpea (5)- 2015: egg plant, shepherd purse, mungbean, peanut, spinach, amaranthus, castor bean, cucumber, pea,
oriental melon, chicory, welsh onion, sunflower, pearl millet (14)
<Vegetative clone>- 2014: apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot, Japanese apricot, cherry, grape, raspberry, Siberian gooseberry,
citrus, persimmon, citron, loquat, pomegranate, gerbera, chrysanthemum, lily, cactuses, rose, phalenopses, perennial gypsophila, perennial statice, garlic, ginger, water parsley, ginseng, Chinese mulberry, devil’s bush, barrenwort, yam, peony, persimmon, tea tree, straw berry (36)
- 2015: potato, chives, silver grass, grasses, other flowers, industrial crops, wild
Assessment of Horticultural & Herbal crops at 2015
Traits Crops Target traits Accs.
Morphological
chili pepper, pumpkin,
brassicas, lettuce, carrot,
perilla, sunflower, safflower
Flowering time, plant traits, fruit
traits, head traits, root traits3,076
Disease
resistance
chili pepper, tomato, water
melon, pumpkin, chinese
cabbage, lettuce
Phytophthora blight, anthracnose,
bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt, powdery
mildew, clubroot, bactrial soft rot
3,219
- 11 crops 8,514 accessions
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Disease
resistance
chili pepper, tomato, water
melon, pumpkin, chinese
cabbage, lettuce
Phytophthora blight, anthracnose,
bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt, powdery
mildew, clubroot, bactrial soft rot
3,219
Disease
resistanceChili pepper, tomato
Chili pepper : 5 type viruses
including TMV, one bacterial disease
Tomato : two viruses, two funguses,
one nematode
1,193
Chemical
components
Pumpkin, chinese cabbage,
lettuce, perilla, safflower
Carotenoids, glucosinolate, lactucin,
fatty acids, tocopherol1,026
Total 11 8,514
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
chili pepper rape
Multiplication
chili pepper rape
safflower carrot
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
311
144115
61 21 6 1 1050
100
150
200
250
300
350Fruit weight(g)
3 2248
104115
150
10689
22 7 10
20406080
100120140160
Flowering time
Characterization
61 21 6 1 100
3 22 22 7 10
20
Evaluation of disease resistance by bioassay
Chili pepper Phytophthora blight (516 accs.), anthracnose(292 accs.)
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Tomato bacterial wilt (341 accs.)
․ Chili pepper : 5 type viruses including TMV, one bacterial disease (624 accs.)․ Tomato : two viruses, two funguses, one nematode (569 accs.)
Evaluation of disease resistance by molecular markers
CMV
TMV
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 M 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
TMV
ChivMV
BS3
Carotenoids of pumpkin (176 accs)
Evaluation of disease resistance by instrumentsⅡ. Current status of PGR management
HPLC chromatograms from different pulpcolor of pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) germplasm.a) primrose; b) dark yellow; c) orange; d)dark green; e) brown
Recent status on Assessment of PGR
Years Primary essential Optional for use Total
2009 15,347 - 15,347
2010 8,000 1,703 9,703
2011 20,000 8,640 28,640
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
2011 20,000 8,640 28,640
2012 19,000 8,640 27,640
2013 9,421 15,635 25,056
2014 5,578 18,259 23,837
Total 77,346 52,877 130,223
20,000
42,000
64,000
86,000
108,000
130,000
‘14.5 ‘14.6 ‘14.7 ‘14.8 ‘14.9 ‘14.10 ‘14.11 ‘14.12 ‘15.1 ‘15.2 ‘15.3 ‘15.4 ‘15.5
유전자원 0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
전체분양
민간분양
- website access : 1 million times/year
- http://www.genebank.go.kr/- PGR management system(pc-GMS) for PC version- Open to the public to promote use
('11) 40,000, 23% → ('13) 182,000, 100%
Information and material disseminationInformation and material dissemination
Total distributionDistribution to the private
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Resources TotalCultivar
developmentPaper
Patent ExhibitionSCI N-SCI
Plants 183 147(244) 7 23 1 5
Microbes 137 - 129 - 3 5
Insects 46 2(2) 2 10 25 7
Total 366 149(246) 138 33 29 1720,000
42,000
64,000
86,000
108,000
130,000
‘14.5 ‘14.6 ‘14.7 ‘14.8 ‘14.9 ‘14.10 ‘14.11 ‘14.12 ‘15.1 ‘15.2 ‘15.3 ‘15.4 ‘15.5
유전자원 0
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
108,000
86,000
- Results of PGR use in 2014
New variety developed(1906~2013)
Korea originated germplasm used
Introduced germplasm used
Varieties developed
Total 1,417(36.7) 2,448(63.3) 3,865(100)
Food 526 637 1,163(30.1)
- About two thirds of introduced germplasm was used
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR management
Food
Horticultural 553 1,577 2,130(55.1)
Industrial 314 232 546(14.1)
Forage, manure 24 2 26(0.7)
Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Current status of PGR ManagementⅡ. Current status of PGR Management
Ⅲ. Further Approaches
Extension of seed industry
Changing consumption desire
• World market 70 billion USD, 5.2% grow per year
- Agriculture 53%, animal husbandry 25%, fishery 22%
• Food security :
- super food, tolerant to weather change etc.
• Value and market change in Agricultural products
- primary products à fusion products
Ⅲ. Further approachesⅢ. Further approaches
Exclusive authority
• UPOV• Save the royalty
Primary products
FoodMedicineCulture
Value
Market
Changing consumption desire
• World market 70 billion USD, 5.2% grow per year
- Agriculture 53%, animal husbandry 25%, fishery 22%
• Food security :
- super food, tolerant to weather change etc.
• Value and market change in Agricultural products
- primary products à fusion products
MilletSam-da-me
Reinstitute from Japan, North Je-ju island originated
Diet mix with cooking rice, early maturity,
Erect plant type for mechanization friendly
Variety development
Use targeted gene
Use progeny after crossing
Use as parents
Use directly as variety
PGR use according to breeding technique development
Ⅲ. Further approachesⅢ. Further approaches
(IR667, IR8/TN1//YUKARA)
Develop iedal type of rice using different ecotype
Diapensia lapponica var. obovata FR. SCH, 3~5cm
hight
Water melonOriental melon Pear land race
Tong-il
CropsNo of
accessions
%Wild
species
%Land races
%Breeding material
%Developed varieties
%Others
Grains(rice, barley, wheat etc.) 3 157 578 5 29 15 8 43
Legumes(soybean, ground nut, red bean etc.)
1 069 897 4 32 7 9 49
Roots & Tubers(potato, sweetpotato, cassava etc.)
204 408 10 30 13 10 37
Vegetables 502 889 5 22 8 14 51
Nuts, fruits, berries 423 401 7 13 14 21 45
Conserved PGR worldwide Ⅲ. Further approachesⅢ. Further approaches
Nuts, fruits, berries 423 401 7 13 14 21 45
Oil crops 181 752 7 22 14 11 47
Forage crops 651 024 35 13 3 4 45
Sugar crops 63 474 7 7 11 25 50
Fiber crops 169 969 4 18 10 10 57
Medicinal, spice, seasoning crops
160 050 13 24 7 9 47
Industrial, Ornamental crops 152 325 46 1 2 4 47
Others 262 993 29 4 2 2 64
Total/% of the total 6 998 760 10 24 11 9 46
Crops Common name
Food(22)
Grains : rice, barley, wheat, rye, triticale, oat, maize, finger millet, pearl millet, sorghum(10)Legumes : common bean, pea, faba bean, cowpea, pijeon pea, chick pea, grass pea, lentil(8)Roots & tubers : sweet potato, potato, yam, cassave(4)
Horticultural(11)
Fruit: citrus, coconut, apple, banana, bread fruit(5)Vegetable : strawberry, egg plant, chinese cabbage, asparagus, carrot, taro(6)
Annex Ⅰ crops of ITPGRFA(64crops) Ⅲ. Further approachesⅢ. Further approaches
Fruit: citrus, coconut, apple, banana, bread fruit(5)Vegetable : strawberry, egg plant, chinese cabbage, asparagus, carrot, taro(6)
Industrial(2)
Sugar: sugar beatOil : sunflower
Forages(29)
grass : Andropogon, Agropyron, Agrostis, Alopecurus, Arrhenatherum, Dactylis, Festuca, Lolium, Phalaris, Phleum, Poa, Tripsacum (12)
Legumes : Astragalus, Canavalia, Coronilla, Hedysarum, Lathyrus, Lespedeza, Lotus, Lupinus, Medicago, Melilotus, Onobrychis, Ornithopus, Prosopis, Pueraria, Trifolium (15)
Others : Atriplex, Salsola (2)
Extend use PGR for seed industry
Petroleum Fuel → materials → products
Ⅲ. Further approachesⅢ. Further approaches
Primitive use Assessment Processing
FoodClothesMedicinal
NutritionalPhysicalChemicalBiologicalFunctionalCultural
Environment friendly material development
PGR
Harmony with the world
Changing awareness on Biological diversity
Before 1993Before 1993
Free Access Benefit sharing
After 1993(adopt CBD)
After 1993(adopt CBD)
Ⅲ. Further approachesⅢ. Further approaches
• Effected on Nagoya protocol(’14.10.)
※ ABS : Access to genetic resources and Benefit Sharing
• Main component- PIC, MAT, ABS
• Check and balance