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8/8/2019 11i Instructor Vol1
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14464GC11
Production 1.1November 2000
M0-13459
R11i
Extend OracleApplications: Forms
Volume 1 Instructor Guide
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Authors
Martin Taylor
Mildred Wang
Sara Woodhull
Technical Contributorsand Reviewers
Phil Cannon
Anne Carlson
Steve Carter
Lisa Nordhagen
Mary Thomas
Peter Wallack
Publisher
Copyright Oracle Corporation, 2000. All rights reserved.
This documentation contains proprietary information of Oracle Corporation. It isprovided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosureand is also protected by copyright law. Reverse engineering of the software isprohibited. If this documentation is delivered to a U.S. Government Agency of theDepartment of Defense, then it is delivered with Restricted Rights and thefollowing legend is applicable:
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions forcommercial computer software and shall be deemed to be Restricted Rightssoftware under Federal law, as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of DFARS252.227-7013, Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software (October 1988).
This material or any portion of it may not be copied in any form or by any meanswithout the express prior written permission of the Education Products group ofOracle Corporation. Any other copying is a violation of copyright law and mayresult in civil and/or criminal penalties.
If this documentation is delivered to a U.S. Government Agency not within theDepartment of Defense, then it is delivered with Restricted Rights, as defined inFAR 52.227-14, Rights in Data-General, including Alternate III (June 1987).
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. If you findany problems in the documentation, please report them in writing to WorldwideEducation Services, Oracle Corporation, 500Oracle Parkway, Box SB-6,Redwood Shores, CA 94065. Oracle Corporation does not warrant that thisdocument is error-free.
Oracle and all references to Oracle Products are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of Oracle Corporation.
All other products or company names are used for identification purposes only,and may be trademarks of their respective owners.
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Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Table of Contents iii
Table of Contents
PrefaceObjectives ..................................................................................................................................................I-3Before You Begin This Cou rse ...............................................................................................................I-4Prerequ isites .............................................................................................................................................I-5How This Cou rse is Organized ..............................................................................................................I-6Oth er Sources of In form atio n .................................................................................................................I-7
1 Internet Computing ArchitectureObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................1-3Architectu re Objectives with Intern et Com pu ting .....................................................................1-4The Internet Computing Architecture ..........................................................................................1-5
The Oracle8i Data base Serv er ........................................................................................................1-7Choos ing You r Dev elop ment Platfor m(s) ...................................................................................1-8Choos ing You r Da tabase Server Plat form ...................................................................................1-9Choos ing Your Forms Server Plat form ......................................................................................1-10Choosing Your Developer Desktop Platform ............................................................................1-12Or Develop on a Sing le Machin e .................................................................................................1-15The Form Development Process ..................................................................................................1-16Build ing Your Form ......................................................................................................................1-17Gen era ting Your Form ..................................................................................................................1-19Run nin g Your Form for Test ing ..................................................................................................1-20Running Your Form on the Web .................................................................................................1-21Dep loym ent ....................................................................................................................................1-22
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iv Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Table of Contents
2 Application ArchitectureObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................2-3Overview of Application Development .......................................................................................2-4
Overview of Form Development Steps .................................................................................2-5Build ing an Ap plication ..........................................................................................................2-6Defin ition s .................................................................................................................................2-7Getting Started on Your Application .....................................................................................2-8Registe r Your Ap p lication .....................................................................................................2-10Application Directory Structure ...........................................................................................2-12Define You r Ap plication Basep ath ......................................................................................2-17Overv iew of Oracle Ap plication s Schem as ........................................................................2-19Users, Responsibilities, and Data .........................................................................................2-21Registe r You r O racle User (Schem a) ....................................................................................2-22Add Your Application to a Data Group ..............................................................................2-25Create a Resp onsibility ..........................................................................................................2-27Create an Ap p lication User ...................................................................................................2-28Registe r Your Tables ..............................................................................................................2-29
3 Overview of the User Interface StandardsObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................3-3Goa ls of the User Interface .............................................................................................................3-4
Designing an Applications Interface ............................................................................................3-5Field-Level Valid ation Mod el ........................................................................................................3-6Element s o f th e In terface ................................................................................................................3-7Hybrid Form ats ..............................................................................................................................3-10Wind ow a nd Block Relationships ...............................................................................................3-12Master and Detail Block Coordination .......................................................................................3-13Presen tat ion Mod els ......................................................................................................................3-15Dyna mic Layou ts ...........................................................................................................................3-18Retrievin g Record s ........................................................................................................................3-19Ind icatin g Att ribu tes .....................................................................................................................3-23Navigation and Function Invocation ..........................................................................................3-24
Exercise ............................................................................................................................................3-26
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Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Table of Contents v
4 Overview of Coding StandardsObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................4-3Benefits of Follow ing Cod ing Standards .....................................................................................4-4Goals of the Coding Standards ......................................................................................................4-5Run time Env ironm ent ....................................................................................................................4-6Property Cla sses: Defin ition ..........................................................................................................4-7Libraries Provide Useful Routines ................................................................................................4-8Ensu re Your Form Works on the Web .........................................................................................4-9Build Form s Based on View s .......................................................................................................4-10
5 The Template FormObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................5-3Cop y TEMPLATE to Start N ew Form s ........................................................................................5-4TEMPLATE Inherits Object Groups from APPSTAND .............................................................5-7Property Classes ..............................................................................................................................5-8Colors an d Visu al Att ributes .........................................................................................................5-9Toolbar and Pulldown Menu .......................................................................................................5-10TEMPLATE Inher its th e Calend ar ..............................................................................................5-11Special Trigger s in TEMPLATE ...................................................................................................5-13
6 Menus and Function SecurityObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................6-3Understand Function Security: Overview ...................................................................................6-4Fun ction Secur ity: Definitions .......................................................................................................6-5Relationship of Function Security to Responsibilities ................................................................6-7Setting Up Function Secu rity .........................................................................................................6-8Naming Standards in Function Security ....................................................................................6-11Building Your Form into Your Application ...............................................................................6-14Registe r a Form ..............................................................................................................................6-15Register Form Functions and Subfunctions ...............................................................................6-16Create a Menu of Fun ctions .........................................................................................................6-18Create / Tailor a Resp on sibility ....................................................................................................6-20Mod ify th e User Defin ition ..........................................................................................................6-21
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7 Container ObjectsObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................7-3Mod ules .............................................................................................................................................7-4Wind ow s ...........................................................................................................................................7-6Non-Mod al Win dow s .....................................................................................................................7-8Mod al Win dow s ...............................................................................................................................7-9Can vases ..........................................................................................................................................7-10Blocks ...............................................................................................................................................7-15Region s ............................................................................................................................................7-22Nav igat ion ......................................................................................................................................7-27
8 WidgetsObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................8-3Gen era l Prop ert ies ...........................................................................................................................8-4Text Item s ..........................................................................................................................................8-5Disp lay Item s ....................................................................................................................................8-7Check Boxes ......................................................................................................................................8-9Buttons .............................................................................................................................................8-10Op tion Groups ...............................................................................................................................8-13Pop lists ............................................................................................................................................8-15LOVs ................................................................................................................................................8-17
Descr ip tive Flexfields ....................................................................................................................8-20Key Flexfields .................................................................................................................................8-21
9 LayoutObjectives ..........................................................................................................................................9-3The Layou t Process Chron ologically ............................................................................................9-4Gen era l Layo ut Settings ..................................................................................................................9-5Arranging Items and Translation ..................................................................................................9-6Cosmetics and Property Classes ....................................................................................................9-8Accessibility in Oracle Forms Applications .................................................................................9-9Prop ertie s of Block Titles ..............................................................................................................9-14Region s ............................................................................................................................................9-16Prop ertie s of Region Titles ...........................................................................................................9-19
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Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Table of Contents vii
Arr an gin g Item s .............................................................................................................................9-21Setting the Prompt Properties of Widget Objects .....................................................................9-23Single-Record Item s ......................................................................................................................9-25Mu lti-Row Item Pro mpts ..............................................................................................................9-27Check Boxes ....................................................................................................................................9-35Butto ns ............................................................................................................................................9-37Op tion Grou ps ...............................................................................................................................9-38Descr ip tive Flexfields ....................................................................................................................9-39Properties of Dynamic Prompts and Titles ................................................................................9-40Con ven tion s ....................................................................................................................................9-41
10 Coding with PL/SQLObjectives ........................................................................................................................................10-3Overview of Coding with PL/ SQL .............................................................................................10-4Use Handlers to Organize Code ..................................................................................................10-5Item Handlers Validate Items ......................................................................................................10-6Event Handlers Control Events ...................................................................................................10-8Table Handlers Manipulate Tables .............................................................................................10-9Database Tier o r Ap plication Tier? ...........................................................................................10-10Follow Cod ing Standards ...........................................................................................................10-11Replacem ents for Oracle Forms Built-In s ................................................................................10-13
Cod ing Trigg ers ........................................................................................................................... 10-14Review : Trigger s in TEMPLATE ...............................................................................................10-16Record history (WHO): Track Data Changes ..........................................................................10-18Debugging You r Form s ..............................................................................................................10-20Using Examine to Debug Your Forms ......................................................................................10-21
11 Coding Window and Region BehaviorObjectives ........................................................................................................................................11-3Master an d Deta il Wind ow s ........................................................................................................11-4Con tro lling Your Win dow s ..........................................................................................................11-6Tabbed Regions: Three Degrees of Cod ing Difficulty .............................................................11-9
Man y Typ es of Tabbed Region s ................................................................................................11-10Character istics of Tabb ed Region s ............................................................................................11-15Creatin g Tab Can vases ...............................................................................................................11-17
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Tab Related Cod e .........................................................................................................................11-18Exam ple of Build ing a Tabbed Region (Fixed Field Case) ....................................................11-20
12 Coding Item BehaviorObjectives ........................................................................................................................................12-3Form att ing Cu rrency Fields .........................................................................................................12-4Calenda r - Let s Make a Date .......................................................................................................12-5Flexible Da tes .................................................................................................................................12-7Overv iew of Numbers .................................................................................................................12-11Cod ing Dep endencies Between Item s ......................................................................................12-14Dyna mic Item Prop ert ies ............................................................................................................12-24Item-level and Item-instance-level Properties .........................................................................12-26Gett ing Item Prop ert ies ...............................................................................................................12-27Usin g User P rofiles in Your Form .............................................................................................12-28FND: Override Directory Profile Op tion for Developers ..................................................12-31
13 Message DictionaryObjectives ........................................................................................................................................13-3Message Dict ionary Overv iew .....................................................................................................13-4Define Messages for Your Application .......................................................................................13-5Message Con ten t Standards .........................................................................................................13-7
Gen era te Message Files .................................................................................................................13-9Displaying Messages Is a Two-Phase Process .........................................................................13-10Set Up Messages in the Form .....................................................................................................13-11Display Your Message in the Form ...........................................................................................13-15Call Messages from the Serv er ...................................................................................................13-21Oth er Useful Message Routines ................................................................................................13-23
14 FlexfieldsObjectives ........................................................................................................................................14-3Benefits of Flexfields ......................................................................................................................14-4Look at a Flexfield ..........................................................................................................................14-5Wh en to Use A Flexfield ...............................................................................................................14-9Your End User s Per sp ective ......................................................................................................14-10
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Intelligen t Keys ............................................................................................................................14-11Key Flexfields in Oracle Ap plication s ......................................................................................14-13Create Key flexfield Com binations ...........................................................................................14-14Key Flexfield Com binatio ns Table ............................................................................................14-15Use Three Types of Key Flexfield Form s .................................................................................14-17Use Qu alifiers to Id entify Key Segments .................................................................................14-21Use Segment Qualifiers to Identify Values ..............................................................................14-25Create New Com binations Dyna mically .................................................................................14-27Descriptive Flexfields Table Structure ......................................................................................14-29Overview of Developing a Flexfield .........................................................................................14-30
Stage 1: Designing the Table Structure ..............................................................................14-31
Stage 2: Crea ting the Field s .................................................................................................14-35Stage 3: Callin g Flexfield Rou tines ....................................................................................14-37Stage 4: Regist ra tion .............................................................................................................14-44Stage 5: Defin ition ................................................................................................................14-51
Flexfield View Gen era tion ..........................................................................................................14-60
15 Query FindObjectives ........................................................................................................................................15-3Overv iew of Query Find ...............................................................................................................15-4Create a Row -LOV .........................................................................................................................15-7
Create a Fin d Window ..................................................................................................................15-8
16 Menus and Advanced Function SecurityObjectives ........................................................................................................................................16-3Unders tan d Fun ction Security : Review .....................................................................................16-4Review: Subfunction Naming Standards ...................................................................................16-5Register Form Functions and Subfunctions ...............................................................................16-6Create a Menu of Fun ctions .........................................................................................................16-7Ad vanced Function Secu rity ........................................................................................................16-8Cod e the Form to Test a Sub fun ction .........................................................................................16-9Op en Form s from Form Logic ...................................................................................................16-10
Ad d Cho ices to the Special Menus ...........................................................................................16-12Examp le: Using the Special Men u with FND_FUNCTION.TEST ........................................16-16Right Mouse Button Menus (Popup Menus) ...........................................................................16-17
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Cod ing Cu stom Right Mou se But ton Menu Entr ies ...............................................................16-18
17 AttachmentsObjectives ........................................................................................................................................17-3Overview of the Attachments Feature ........................................................................................17-4Defin ition s .......................................................................................................................................17-5Plan the Attachm ents Featu re for You r Ap plication ................................................................17-7Define the At tach ment s Featu re ...................................................................................................17-9Set Up Ent ities ..............................................................................................................................17-10Set Up Docu ment Ca tegor ies .....................................................................................................17-11Set Up Att achment Funct ions ....................................................................................................17-12Add and View Attachments from Your Form .........................................................................17-16
A - Order Entry WorkshopYour Order Entry Workshop Project ...........................................................................................A-3Order Form Specification s .............................................................................................................A-4Order Form Inquiry Features ........................................................................................................A-8Tables an d Predefined Data: Salesp eop le .................................................................................A-10Tables and Predefined Data: Customers ...................................................................................A-14Tables an d Pred efined Data: Prod ucts ......................................................................................A-17Tables and Predefined Data: Orders ..........................................................................................A-21
Tables and Predefined Data: Order Lines .................................................................................A-29Register Flexfield Tables ..............................................................................................................A-34
B - PracticesLogin Information B-3
Lab 1: Arch itectu re .................................................................................................................. B-4Lab 2: Men us and Funct ion Security .................................................................................... B-5Lab 3: Cont ainer Ob jects ......................................................................................................... B-7Lab 4: Wid get s ........................................................................................................................ B-12Lab 5: Layo u t ..........................................................................................................................B-18Lab 6: Enh an ce Item s: Crea te LOVs .................................................................................... B-20Lab 7: Cod ing with PL/ SQL ................................................................................................ B-22Lab 8: Con trolling Window s ................................................................................................ B-26
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Lab 9: Tab bed Region s .......................................................................................................... B-28Lab 10: Cu rrency Fields ........................................................................................................ B-31Lab 11: Runt ime Behav ior .................................................................................................... B-32Lab 12: Con d ition ally Dep endent Items ............................................................................ B-33Lab 13: Messa ge Dictiona ry ................................................................................................. B-34Lab 14: Flexfields ................................................................................................................... B-35Lab 15: Q uery Find ................................................................................................................ B-36Lab 16: Ad vanced Funct ion Secur ity .................................................................................. B-37Lab 17: Sett ing Up Att achment s .......................................................................................... B-39Lab 18: Test ing a nd Review ing Your Form ....................................................................... B-41
C - Practices and SolutionsLogin Infor ma tion .......................................................................................................................... C-3
Lab 1: Ar chitectu re .................................................................................................................. C-4Lab 2: Men us and Funct ion Secur ity .................................................................................... C-5Lab 3: Con tain er Objects ......................................................................................................... C-8Lab 4: Widgets ....................................................................................................................... C-15Lab 5: Layo ut .......................................................................................................................... C-21Lab 6: Enh ance Item s: Crea te LO Vs ....................................................................................C-24Lab 7: Cod ing with PL/ SQL ................................................................................................ C-28Lab 8: Con tro lling Window s ................................................................................................C-35
Lab 9: Tabb ed Region s ..........................................................................................................C -40Lab 10: Currency Fields ........................................................................................................ C-48Lab 11: Runtim e Beha vior .................................................................................................... C-51Lab 12: Con d ition ally Dependent Item s ............................................................................ C-53Lab 13: Message Dictionary .................................................................................................C-57Lab 14: Flexfields ...................................................................................................................C -59Lab 15: Qu ery Find ................................................................................................................C-63Lab 16: Advanced Function Security ..................................................................................C-65Lab 17: Setting Up Attachments ..........................................................................................C-68Lab 18: Testing and Reviewing Your Form .......................................................................C-70
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................................
Preface
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.....................................................................................................................................................I-2 R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Preface
.....................................................................................................................................................Preface
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.....................................................................................................................................................R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Preface I-3
.....................................................................................................................................................Objectives
ObjectivesAt the end of this course, you should be able to:
Describe the philosophy behind the Oracle Applications standards.
Describe the environments the standards are designed for.
Build a form conforming to the Oracle Applications User Interface and CodingStandards.
Define application menus and related features.
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.....................................................................................................................................................I-4 R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Preface
.....................................................................................................................................................Preface
Before You Begin This CourseBefore you begin this course, you should have working experience with :
Oracle Forms Developer 6 i
Oracle8 i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.6
PL/SQL 8
Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) such as Microsoft Windows
Applications Architecture Release 11 i (11.5.0 or greater)
Planning and Defining Oracle Applications Flexfields
Oracle Applications System Administration
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.....................................................................................................................................................Prerequisites
PrerequisitesThe required prerequisites for this course are:
Oracle Forms Developer 6 i: Build Internet Applications I or Oracle Developer 1.6(Forms 4.5) I
Introduction to Oracle SQL and PL/SQL (ILT)
PL/SQL Fundamentals (ILT)
Develop PL/SQL Program Units (41024, ILT)
The suggested prerequisites for this course are:
Oracle Forms Developer 6i: Build Internet Applications II or Oracle Developer 1.6
(Forms 4.5) II Defining Flexfields (ILT, either Release 11 or 11 i)
Oracle Applications System Administration (ILT, either Release 11 or 11 i)
This course assumes you are using the following development environment:
Oracle Forms Developer version 6 i (6.0.8 or greater)
Oracle Application Object Library Release 11 i (11.5.0 or greater)
Oracle8 i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.6Instructor NoteMachine Requirements:
800 X 600 (using small fonts) or 1024 X 768 or better resolution screen
minimum 16Meg memory (which will be slow) but we suggest 128Meg or more
33 megahertz acceptablePictures in this course are a mixture of screenshots taken using Windows 98, NT, and UNIXenvironments, so any given shot may or may not look like it does in your classroomenvironment.Technical notes that say something like Applications Division refer to practices specificallyrequired of developers in the Oracle Applications Divisions
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.....................................................................................................................................................I-6 R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Preface
.....................................................................................................................................................Preface
How This Course is OrganizedExtend Oracle Applications: Forms is an instructor-led course featuring lecture andhands-on exercises. Online demonstrations and written practice sessions reinforce theconcepts and skills introduced.
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.....................................................................................................................................................R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Preface I-7
.....................................................................................................................................................Other Sources of Information
Other Sources of InformationThis course is primarily based on information from the following Release 11 i OracleApplications manuals, and you can find further information in these manuals:
Oracle Applications Developers Guide
Oracle Applications User Interface Standards for Forms-Based Products
The following manuals provide additional information that you may find helpful fordoing custom development:
Oracle Applications System Administrators Guide
Oracle Applications Concepts
Installing Oracle Applications
Upgrading Oracle Applications
Oracle Applications Users Guide
These manuals are available in the Oracle Applications Documentation Library CD inAdobe Acrobat format and/or as online help. You may also purchase printed, Englishversions of the documentation online via the Oracle Store athttp://oraclestore.oracle.com.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Preface
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.................................
Internet ComputingArchitecture
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.....................................................................................................................................................1-2 R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Internet Computing Architecture
.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Instructor NoteTimings Topic
40 minutes Lecture40 minutes Total
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.....................................................................................................................................................R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Internet Computing Architecture 1-3
.....................................................................................................................................................Objectives
ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
Explain the Internet Computing architecture
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.....................................................................................................................................................1-4 R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Internet Computing Architecture
.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Architecture Objectives with Internet ComputingThe right architecture maximizes customers return on their applicationinvestment by making the best use of available administration, desktop, server,and network resources.
Oracle Applications Goals
Provide a highly capable, highly-responsive, fully graphical user interface
Reduce cost and complexity of installing and maintaining client software on eachdesktop
Minimize network traffic between client and server computers, allowingtransactions to execute in a few seconds in local area networks (LANs) and fastwide area networks (WANs)
Exploit the full processing power of high-end, scalable servers, including clusteredand massively-parallel servers
Make Optimal Use of Available Resources
Make the best use of server computers, while making the best use of a desktopclient
Processing cycle cost is not the issue, since servers are built with the samecommodity components as PCs
Avoid overloading the network that connects desktop client and server computers
Network performance has the most influence on users perceptions of application performance
Make the best use of scarce administration resources
Administrative labor cost influences long-term cost of ownership
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.....................................................................................................................................................R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Internet Computing Architecture 1-5
.....................................................................................................................................................The Internet Computing Architecture
The Internet Computing ArchitecturePlace most user interface processing on a Java-enabled desktop, forms processingon application servers, and all data-oriented processing on database servers.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Maximize the use of client and server resources while minimizing administrationeffort and network use.
Desktop Client
Full graphical user interface, with user interface display handled by a standardJava-enabled browser running JInitiator
Oracle JInitiator is Oracle s version of JavaSoft s Java Plug-In. OracleJInitiator provides the ability to specify the use of a specific Java VirtualMachine (JVM) on Web clients instead of relying on a browser s default JVM
Closely integrated windows present an entire business flow
Deploy on any PC, network computer, or other desktop on which Java is available
Middle Tier (Forms Server)
User interface logic happens on the forms server
Key reference data cached locally (on the middle tier)
Few network calls to database server needed
Database Server
Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) communicate with the database server whennecessary
Single RPC to stored procedures can initiate multiple database actions (SQLstatements)
Server handles data-oriented applications processing (for example, calculating taxon a sales order)
Stored procedures are in the database, so communications between storedprocedures and the database occur in memory, not across the network
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.....................................................................................................................................................R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Internet Computing Architecture 1-7
.....................................................................................................................................................The Oracle8i Database Server
The Oracle8 i Database ServerBenefits of the Oracle8 i Database Server:
Oracle Applications are Fully Scalable on all Oracle Servers
Use state-of-the-art Oracle Parallel Server technology
Parallelism at other layers of the architecture includes query processing, batchprocessing, transaction processing, and application module processing
Use Multiple Nodes to Achieve Higher Performance
Multiple database instances and their embedded applications servers aredistributed across multiple nodes of a cluster or a massively parallel (MPP) system
Having multiple nodes also provides better reliabilitySingle Database
Using only the Oracle 8 i database allows for optimization and use of all featuresrather than using the lowest common denominator
Stored Procedures for Applications Server Logic
Storing logic directly in the database allows access to data at RAM speeds ratherthan network speed
Modularity
Share stored procedures with multiple forms or reports processes
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Choosing Your Development Platform(s)Plan your custom form development environment with your deploymentenvironment.
These platforms may or may not be the same
Database server platform
Forms Server platform
Developer s desktop platform
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.....................................................................................................................................................R11i Extend Oracle Applications: Forms - Internet Computing Architecture 1-9
.....................................................................................................................................................Choosing Your Database Server Platform
Choosing Your Database Server Platform
Your database server platform can be any platform supported by the Oracle8 i
Server Your database server platform choice can be essentially independent of your
choices for the other tiers, because the database server is typically a separatemachine
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Choosing Your Forms Server PlatformYour choice of the deployment platform for the Forms Server affects yourdevelopment environment choices.
Choose Unix or Windows NT
You can have your deployment Forms Server either on a Microsoft Windows NTserver or on a Unix server.
Match Development and Deployment Platforms
Oracle recommends that you have your development Forms Server on the sameplatform as the deployment Forms Server
Development and deployment should be on different machines
Maintain exactly the same set of software patches on both environments to allowsmooth testing and migration of your custom application
Oracle Applications software includes user exit code whose executable filesare platform specific and cannot simply be moved from one platform toanother
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.....................................................................................................................................................Choosing Your Forms Server Platform
If Development and Deployment Forms Server Platforms Do Not Match
If the two environments are on different platforms, you will have to keep the patchlevels synchronized and obtain any patches for both platforms
You can maintain a third environment, with exactly the same platform and patchlevel as your deployment environment, for testing your customizations beforedeployment
Consider a Source-Control System
Having the Forms Server on a centrally-administered server machine facilitatesusing a source control system
A source control system is helpful in managing shared development where youhave many developers
Make your source-control system choice, if any, when you choose your FormsServer
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Choosing Your Developer Desktop PlatformOnce you have chosen your Forms Server platform for development, you haveseveral other choices for other parts of the development environment.
If Your Forms Server Platform Is NT 4.0
If your Forms Server platform is Microsoft Windows NT 4.0, having Windows 98or NT 4.0 as your developer desktop environment is the natural choice.
Typically you would set up your PC network to map the developer desktop drivesto the same application directory structures used by the Forms Server machine.
To lower the administration complexity of having Oracle Forms Developerinstalled on all of your PCs, you can use Windows Terminal Server or a similarproduct to manage a shared installation of Oracle Forms Developer.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Choosing Your Developer Desktop Platform
If Your Forms Server Platform Is UNIX
If your Forms Server platform is UNIX, you currently have these choices for thedeveloper desktop platform:
PCs with Microsoft Windows 98 or NT 4.0 running Oracle Forms Developer(Windows version) and the browser with JInitiator
PCs with Microsoft Windows 98 or NT 4.0 running the browser with JInitiatorand running UNIX emulation software that provides a UNIX version of OracleForms Developer
PCs with Microsoft Windows 98 or NT 4.0 running the browser, and UNIXworkstations running a UNIX version of Oracle Forms Developer
To test your forms with the browser with JInitiator, you need at least one PC foryour development environment
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
Share Oracle Forms Developer Installations
To lower the administration complexity of having Oracle Forms Developerinstalled on all of your PCs, you can use Windows Terminal Server or similar
software to manage a shared installation of Oracle Forms Developer. If you are using Oracle Forms Developer on UNIX you typically use a shared
installation
Keep Your Options Open
You can use a mix of desktop platforms in the development environment. Forexample, some developers can develop forms using Microsoft Windows 98 butgenerate their forms using UNIX, while other developers can build and generatetheir forms on a UNIX desktop such as Sun Solaris.
The key point is that code generation occurs on the forms server platform.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Or Develop on a Single Machine
Or Develop on a Single Machine
In some circumstances, such as where you have only one developer, the
developer s desktop and the entire application server tier may be combined on asingle NT 4.0 machine.
This setup includes the Oracle Applications installation as well as the FormsServer software and Web server software.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
The Form Development ProcessAt its simplest, the form development process with Oracle Developer breaksdown to three main steps that take place on different parts of your InternetComputing setup.
Three Steps
Build
Generate
Run/Test
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.....................................................................................................................................................Building Your Form
Building Your FormYou build your form on the developer s desktop using the Oracle FormsDeveloper.
Access to Libraries and Referenced Forms
The developer s desktop machine must have access to any attached libraries (.pllfiles) and referenced forms necessary for opening the custom form in OracleForms Developer.
These files are usually a small subset of an Oracle Applications installation, andthey could be local copies on the desktop machine or shared files on a common fileserver such as the Forms Server.
For Release 11 i, you need at least the following libraries, and any others
attached to the form you are opening: APPCORE.pll, FNDSQF.pll,APPDAYPK.pll, CUSTOM.pll, VERT.pll, GLOBE.pll, JA.pll, JE.pll, JL.pll,GHR.pll, PSAC.pll, PQH_GEN.pll, OPM.pll
Many Oracle Applications forms also use APPFLDR.pll.
You also need (at least) APPSTAND.fmb
If your developer s desktop and form server machines are not connected by a fastnetwork, you may get significantly better performance by having local copies of the libraries and referenced forms.
Instructor Note
If libraries or referenced forms cannot be found, references and attachments willbe lost or form cannot be opened
On this page we re just talking about creating the .fmb file, not generating ortesting yet
A future version of Release 11 i may also require VERT1.pll, VERT2.pll,VERT3.pll, VERT4.pll, and VERT5.pll.
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Other Access
The FORMS60_PATH variable must be set on the desktop machine to find thelibraries and referenced forms during development.
On NT, FORMS60_PATH may need to be set by editing the Windows NTregistry
Developer needs access to database for creating blocks and compiling logic
Referenced Objects and the ORACLE_APPLICATIONS Variable
In Oracle Forms Developer 6 i, referenced objects can be modified
Do not modify any objects referenced from APPSTAND.fmb
For example, many blocks, triggers, canvases, and so on are referenced fromAPPSTAND.fmb
Before starting form development, create and set the environment variableORACLE_APPLICATIONS to TRUE before starting Oracle Forms Developer.This variable setting displays the R flags that indicate an object is referencedfrom another form.
On NT, the ORACLE_APPLICATIONS variable may need to be created byediting the Windows NT Registry (in the same location as theFORMS60_PATH setting)
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.....................................................................................................................................................Generating Your Form
Generating Your FormYou generate your form on the Forms Server.
Moving the File
The form file (.fmb) must be moved or copied to the middle tier machine forgeneration of the .fmx file
Typically the developer s desktop machine has drives mapped to the forms andlibraries directories on the Forms Server such that when the developer saves aform or library file, the file is saved directly to the Forms Server using third-party NFS software, for example
Otherwise, the developer uses third-party FTP software to transfer the file thethe Forms Server for generation
Generating the File
The developer then generates the form directly on the Forms Server using theForms Compiler (such as from the command line)
For example:
f60gen module=DEMXXEOR userid=APPS/APPS@TESTDB
Oracle Applications forms and libraries reside in an Oracle Applicationsinstallation on the Forms Server
Set the FORMS60_PATH variable on the Forms Server to find the libraries (.pllfiles) under AU_TOP/resource and referenced forms under AU_TOP/forms/ during generation
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Running Your Form for TestingAfter generation, the developer runs the form for testing using the browser withJInitiator on the desktop machine
It is desirable to test the form in the same type of environment that user will use
You cannot run your form from within the Oracle Forms Developer
Instructor Note
Your TEMPLATE-based form will not run correctly from within Oracle FormsDeveloper because the Java code that applies the Oracle Look and Feel, as well asOracle Applications objects and user exit code used in the TEMPLATE form, arenot available within Oracle Forms Developer.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Running Your Form on the Web
Running Your Form on the WebYou must run your form on the Web for testing during development.
Testing from Oracle Applications
Once you have registered your form and added it to a menu and responsibility (tobe covered later), you use the URL that points to the Signon window
Navigate to your form through Oracle Applications
To test newly-generated changes, close your form and navigate to it again (withoutexiting Oracle Applications)
Instructor NoteAvoid having a setup with a module variable in a production environment unless the database
connect string defaults to the APPSPUB schemaAllowing users to bypass the Signon window creates a security risk If they are modifying the CUSTOM library (covered later), or libraries attached to CUSTOM,they must exit Oracle Applications and sign on again
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 1: Internet Computing Architecture
DeploymentOnce the form has been successfully developed and tested, it can be deployed tothe user environment.
If the development middle tier operating system is the same as the deploymentmiddle tier operating system, the .fmx file can be copied from one to the other.
If the two middle tiers have different operating systems, the form must beregenerated on the target platform (the .fmb file must be copied to the targetplatform and regenerated to create the new .fmx file)
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.................................
Application Architecture
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 2: Application Architecture
Instructor NoteTimings Topic
40 minutes Lecture20 minutes Practice60 minutes Total
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.....................................................................................................................................................Objectives
ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
Understand the basic Oracle Applications development process
Understand the form development process within the Oracle Applicationsdevelopment process
Describe the application directory structures
Place custom files in the correct location
Register a custom application
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 2: Application Architecture
Overview of Application DevelopmentThis is the general process of creating an application that integrates with OracleApplications.
1 Register your custom application.
2 Register your custom Oracle schema.
3 Include your custom application and Oracle schema in data groups.
4 Create your application tables and views.
5 Integrate your tables and views with the Oracle Applications APPS schema.
6 Register your tables if necessary.
7 Build your application forms.
8 Build your application functions and menus.
9 Build your application responsibilities.
10 Assign responsibilities to users.
11 Build concurrent programs and reports.
12 Customize Oracle Applications using CUSTOM library if necessary.
Concurrent programs and customizing Oracle Applications using CUSTOM libraryare covered in two separate classes for Release 11 i.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Overview of Form Development Steps
Overview of Form Development StepsThis is the general process of building a form that integrates with OracleApplications.
1 Copy the form TEMPLATE and rename it.
2 Create your form objects and layout in adherence with the Oracle ApplicationsUser Interface Standards for Forms-Based Products .
3 Code your form logic using Oracle Applications Developer s Guide .
4 Register your form.
5 Create a form function for your form and register any subfunctions.
6Add your form function to a menu, or create a custom menu.
7 Assign your menu to a responsibility and assign your responsibility to a user.
8 Test your form from within Oracle Applications (especially if it uses features suchas user profiles or function security).
Instructor NoteThe order may vary, of course. For example, depending on your setup, you may be able to testyour form by itself.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 2: Application Architecture
Building an ApplicationThere is more to building an application than just building forms. This is howsome of the components fit together.
Instructor Note
Each of these boxes correspond to AOL forms for defining the object
Flexfields are not included in this graphic because they are built into forms
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.....................................................................................................................................................Definitions
Definitions
ApplicationAn application is a functional grouping of forms, programs and code, such as OracleGeneral Ledger or Oracle Inventory. Custom applications group together site specificcomponents such as custom menus, forms, or concurrent programs.
Application Short NameAbbreviated form of your application that Oracle Applications uses to identify yourapplication.
Oracle SchemaDatabase username used by Oracle Applications to access the database. Also known as
Oracle ID (includes password) or Oracle user.
Application BasepathAn environment variable that denotes the directory path to your application-levelsubdirectories.
Environment VariableAn operating system variable that describes an aspect of the environment in whichyour application runs. For example, you can define an environment variable to specifya directory path.
$APPL_TOP: An environment variable that denotes the installation directory forOracle Application Object Library and your other Oracle applications.$APPL_TOP is usually one virtual directory level above each of the productdirectories (usually two virtual directory levels above counting the versionnumber).
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 2: Application Architecture
Getting Started on Your ApplicationComplete the following tasks when creating a new application.
Set Up Your Directory Structure
Create required directories and subdirectories
Create separate directory structures as needed on the forms server and theconcurrent processing server
Define environment variables so the applications recognize your directories
Register Your Application
Define your application s user-friendly name and short name
Using the environment variable, provide the base directory path for yourapplication
Register Your ORACLE Schema
Provide your application with a database password
Integrate your schema with Oracle Applications APPS schema
Register your tables with Oracle Applications
Add Your Application to a Data Group
Copy an existing data group to customize
Provide database access for forms and programs
Add your application to the new data group
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.....................................................................................................................................................Getting Started on Your Application
Set Up Concurrent Managers
Define concurrent managers to run your immediate programs
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 2: Application Architecture
Register Your ApplicationRegister a custom application that will own your forms, menus andresponsibilities.
ApplicationsSystem Administrator or Application Developer responsibility: Application Register
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.....................................................................................................................................................Register Your Application
Application Name
This user-friendly name appears in lists seen by application users
Short Name
Oracle Applications use the application short name when identifying forms,menus, concurrent programs and other application components
The short name is stored in hidden fields; users see the full application name
Your short name should not include spaces
Short names of custom applications should be four characters or longer, and beginwith the letters XX, to avoid conflicting with future Oracle Applications products
Basepath
Enter the name of an environment variable which translates into the top directoryof your application s directory tree (on the applications server)
Oracle Applications searches specific directories beneath the basepath for yourapplication s executable files and scripts when performing actions that reside inexternal files
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.....................................................................................................................................................Lesson 2: Application Architecture
Application Directory StructureCreate a directory tree to store your application files. The location of subdirectories will depend on your configuration.
Subdirectories may be distributed or duplicated across tiers
Each forms server, web server, concurrent processing server, and administrationserver has an APPL_TOP directory with some, but not necessarily all, of thesubdirectories.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Application Directory Structure
TOP Directories
APPL_TOP, FND_TOP, and so on are environment variables that point to theapplication basepath (use of environment variables depends on your operating
system)
The actual directory for each application will vary according to your installation
bin
Contains executable code of your concurrent programs written in a programminglanguage such as C, Pro*C, Fortran, or an operating system script
lib
Contains compiled object code of your concurrent programs
resource
Contains PL/SQL libraries used with Oracle Forms, which must be copied toAU_TOP for forms generation
forms/[LANGUAGE]
The FORMS directory contains .fmx files (and .fmb files) under languagesubdirectories
sql
Contains concurrent programs written in SQL*Plus and PL/SQL scripts
reports
Contains concurrent programs written with Oracle Reports
May contain language subdirectories
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plsql
Contains PL/SQL libraries used with Oracle Reports
mesg
Holds your application message files for Message Dictionary
Messages files are generated by the Generate Messages program and reside in afile designated by language names (such as US.msb)
graph/[LANGUAGE]
Contains Oracle Graphics files under language subdirectories
log
Contains log files from concurrent programs
Your configuration may use one log directory shared across applications
out
Contains output files from concurrent programs
Your configuration may use one out directory shared across applications
admin
Contains any installation or upgrade scripts you may have
In Oracle Applications products, used for AutoInstall and AutoPatch
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.....................................................................................................................................................Application Directory Structure
Some Products Always Installed
Every installation must include Oracle Application Object Library and OracleApplications DBA (AD)
Language Subdirectories Contain Appropriate Files
Files that require translation are stored in subdirectories
These subdirectories use the Oracle NLS language name US for United StatesEnglish, D for German, and so on
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Your custom application may require files in the AU_TOP directory.
AU_TOP Directory Holds Shared Files
The Application Utilities directory contains a resource directory with PL/SQL
libraries If you have libraries for your custom application, put them in the AU_TOP/
resource directory
The forms/language subdirectories hold forms referenced by other forms atgeneration time (such as APPSTAND.fmb)
If you have referenced forms for your custom application, put them in theappropriate AU_TOP/forms/[language] directory
The DOCS directory contains help files
If you have help files for your custom application, put them in the appropriateAU_TOP/docs/[language] directory (or wherever you have installed the OracleApplications help)
Forms libraries are put in the product top and copied to the directoryAU_TOP/resources for code generation.
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.....................................................................................................................................................Define Your Application Basepath
Define Your Application BasepathVariables must be set on any server machine that holds Oracle Applications files.
Environment File Sets the Variables
An environment file that sets up Oracle Applications environment variables shouldbe run when you log on to your computer
This main environment file is usually named .env , where DBNAMEis the name of your database, and is located under APPL_TOP
for example, APPSTEST.env
The location of APPL_TOP may vary for different installations
FND_TOP, GL_TOP and other applications variables appear in .envor the NT Registry
Define Environment Variables for Custom Applications
adovars.env contains more environment variables
adovars.env is located under APPL_TOP/admin
Add PRODUCT_TOP (application basepath) variables for custom applications to
adovars.env (Unix) or adovars.cmd (NT)
Add Your Application to the Environment File
You may need to restart the forms server or other servers to recognize the newenvironment variables, or
See your installation manual for details
Technical Note.env is equivalent to APPLSYS.env file in earlier versions of OracleApplications
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Customers used to put their PRODUCT_TOP variables into the applsys.env file,which still works. However, we are now recommending that customers put theircustom variables into adovars.env because they already must edit adovars.env for theirinstallation and .env is overwritten by patches and other maintenance
activities (using adadmin)If your form is not being found, try restarting the forms server or other servers
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