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Emerging Technologies for Biosolids Management
Emerging Technologies for Biosolids Management
Orange County Sanitation DistrictOrange County Sanitation District
PacificOcean
Outfall Pipe
ReclamationReclamationPlant No. 1Plant No. 1
TreatmentTreatmentPlant No. 2Plant No. 2
NewportNewport Beach Beach
FountainFountainValleyValley
Santa AnaSanta Ana
Los Los AlamitosAlamitos
Buena Buena ParkPark
FullertonFullerton
TustinTustin
Garden GroveGarden Grove
La HabraLa HabraBreaBrea
PlacentiaPlacentiaYorba LindaYorba Linda
AnaheimAnaheim
OrangeOrange
La PalmaLa Palma
CypressCypress
WestminsterWestminster
IrvineIrvine
StantonStanton
VillaVillaParkPark
CostaCosta Mesa Mesa
HuntingtonHuntingtonBeachBeach
SealSealBeachBeach
OrangeCountyOrangeCounty
OCSD Service Area471 square miles243 million gallons per day2.5 million population25 member agencies17 pumping facilities
OCSD Service Area471 square miles243 million gallons per day2.5 million population25 member agencies17 pumping facilities
Source Control & Disinfection &
Collections System + Treatment + Ocean Release
Source Control & Disinfection &
Collections System + Treatment + Ocean Release
to Orange CountyWater District
water reclamation
to Orange CountyWater District
water reclamation
Primary
243 million gallonsper day (MGD)
243 million gallonsper day (MGD)
Secondary
5-10 MGD
Chlorination /DechlorinationChlorination /Dechlorination
Wastewater Treatment BasicsWastewater Treatment Basics
Preliminary
Biosolids RecyclingBiosolids Recycling
Water Reclamation ProjectGroundwater Replenishment System
Water Reclamation ProjectGroundwater Replenishment System
Ultraviolet Ultraviolet Light Light
Ultraviolet Ultraviolet Light Light
Brine
Ocean Discharge
Brine
Ocean Discharge
Backwash
OCSD
Backwash
OCSD
MicrofiltrationMicrofiltrationMicrofiltrationMicrofiltrationReverse Reverse OsmosisOsmosisReverse Reverse OsmosisOsmosis
Purified Water
Purified Water
(hydrogenperoxide added)
(hydrogenperoxide added)
RechargeBasins
RechargeBasins
SecondaryTreated Effluent
SecondaryTreated Effluent
OCSD
OCSDOCSDEnhancedEnhanced
Source Source ControlControl
OCSDOCSDEnhancedEnhanced
Source Source ControlControl
Full Secondary Standards for OCSD
Wastewater Treatment
Full Secondary Standards for OCSD
Wastewater Treatment
Balance societal / policy decision with increased solids production
and biosolids management
Balance societal / policy decision with increased solids production
and biosolids management
Biosolids ProductionBiosolids Production
200322 trucks / day(537 tons)
200322 trucks / day(537 tons)
SecondaryRamp Up26 trucks / day(658 tons)
SecondaryRamp Up26 trucks / day(658 tons)
Full SecondaryOn-Line34 trucks / day(850 tons)
Full SecondaryOn-Line34 trucks / day(850 tons)
7,800 trucks7,800 trucks = 196,000 tons / yr = 196,000 tons / yr7,800 trucks7,800 trucks = 196,000 tons / yr = 196,000 tons / yr
9,000 trucks9,000 trucks = 240,000 tons / yr = 240,000 tons / yr9,000 trucks9,000 trucks = 240,000 tons / yr = 240,000 tons / yr
12,400 trucks12,400 trucks = 310,000 tons / yr = 310,000 tons / yr12,400 trucks12,400 trucks = 310,000 tons / yr = 310,000 tons / yr
TODAYTODAY
20132013
Biosolids Management
Biosolids Management
Homes, Businesses& Restaurants
Pretreatment(Source Control)
Preliminary
Primary
Secondary
Digesters
Dewatering, Distribution& Transportation
Land Application
Composting
Biosolids Process DiagramBiosolids Process Diagram
Solids Treatment &Biosolids ProductionWastewater Treatment
Recycling/Energy Production Biosolids Management
History of Biosolids ManagementHistory of Biosolids Management
1980’s1980’s
1990’sFertilizing Farms
with Biosolids
1990’sFertilizing Farms
with Biosolids
2000’sProducts / Technologies / Markets:
Compost, Pellets, Energy
2000’sProducts / Technologies / Markets:
Compost, Pellets, Energy
Federal Clean Water Act Section 503 “Class A” vs. “Class B”
Federal Clean Water Act Section 503 “Class A” vs. “Class B”
Class B Biosolids meet basic
treatment requirements
Pathogen and vector attraction reduction
< 2,000,000 MPN/g fecal coliform
Class B Biosolids meet basic
treatment requirements
Pathogen and vector attraction reduction
< 2,000,000 MPN/g fecal coliform
Class A
Biosolids receive additional treatment
< 1,000 MPN/g fecal coliform
Class A
Biosolids receive additional treatment
< 1,000 MPN/g fecal coliform
Current Biosolids DistributionCurrent Biosolids Distribution18% Tule RanchClass A: Farmland Lime-StabilizedKern County, CA
45% SynagroClass A: CompostKern County, CA
30% Tule Ranch Class B: Land ApplicationYuma County, AZ
7% SynagroClass A: CompostRiverside County, CALa Paz County, AZ
Late 2008EnerTechClass A: Char FuelSan Bernardino County, CA
0% Tule Ranch Class B: Landfill(Fail-safe backup)Maricopa County, AZ
Rev 7/2008
NV
AZ
CA
OCSDOCSD
Phoenix
Tucson
Management Cost: All Three ComparedManagement Cost: All Three Compared
$ M
$5 M
$10 M
$15 M
$20 M
$25 M
$30 M
$35 M
$ M
$5 M
$10 M
$15 M
$20 M
$25 M
$30 M
$35 M
To
tal
Bio
soli
ds
Pro
gra
m C
ost
s
($ M
illi
on
s)
20002000 2020202020102010
Deep-well
Baseline - Energy
Landfill
-$5 per Household
in 2020
-$2.25 per Household
in 2020
Local Ordinance
Bans Are Spreading. . .Local Ordinance
Bans Are Spreading. . .
Restrictions
Limited
Banned
2001 20031999
Option UncertaintyOption Uncertainty
Price InstabilityPrice Instability
How do we develop a
sustainable program
despite…
How do we develop a
sustainable program
despite…
RegulatoryChanges
RegulatoryChanges
PublicPerception
PublicPerception
Lessons for SustainabilityLessons for Sustainability
Manage / recycle organics close to home
Balance triple bottom line carefully:
Societal, Environmental, Financial
Diversity!
Product mentality vs.Waste mentality
Manage / recycle organics close to home
Balance triple bottom line carefully:
Societal, Environmental, Financial
Diversity!
Product mentality vs.Waste mentality
“Scope” of Biosolids EMS“Scope” of Biosolids EMS
Long-Term Biosolids Management Plan
Final Version, December 2003Search: biosolids plan on www.ocsd.com
Long-Term Biosolids Management Plan
Final Version, December 2003Search: biosolids plan on www.ocsd.com
Linked Elements of Plan“Non-Traditional” or “Reverse” Engineering?“Non-Traditional” or “Reverse” Engineering?
Linked Elements of Plan“Non-Traditional” or “Reverse” Engineering?“Non-Traditional” or “Reverse” Engineering?
TreatmentTreatmentImprovementsImprovements
TreatmentTreatmentImprovementsImprovements
Vendors & Product Vendors & Product TechnologiesTechnologies
Vendors & Product Vendors & Product TechnologiesTechnologies
MarketsMarketsMarketsMarkets
Top 6 Long-Term MarketsTop 6 Long-Term Markets
Nurseries andOrnamentals
Nurseries andOrnamentals
OCSD MemberCities & Agencies
(open space)
OCSD MemberCities & Agencies
(open space)
Shade TreePrograms
Shade TreePrograms
Retail OutletsRetail Outlets
EnergyProduction
EnergyProduction
ConstructionMaterials
ConstructionMaterials
Top 6 Product TechnologiesTop 6 Product Technologies
ChemicallyStabilized
ChemicallyStabilized
EnergyFuels
EnergyFuels
Heat Drying(on- or off-site
drying pelletizer)
Heat Drying(on- or off-site
drying pelletizer)
CompostingComposting HeatTreatment
(soil dryer)
HeatTreatment
(soil dryer)
EnergyIncineration
EnergyIncineration
Long-Term Sustainability= Diversification
Long-Term Sustainability= Diversification
Multiple Technologies
Multiple Contractors
Multiple Technologies
Multiple Contractors
Multiple Products / Markets
Failsafe Options
Multiple Products / Markets
Failsafe Options
Public Participation Biosolids Advisory Committee
Public Participation Biosolids Advisory Committee
Case Study 1Case Study 1
EnerTech Environmentalwww.enertech.com
EnerTech Environmentalwww.enertech.com
Energy (Fuel) MarketEnergy (Fuel) Market
EnerTech TechnologyEnerTech TechnologyProcessesBiosolids
Coal-LikePellets
Coal-LikePellets
Burn FuelBurn Fuelfor Cement for Cement
Factory KilnsFactory Kilns
100% product used
Certified, renewable energy
Most expensive
Strong environmental, social benefits
100% product used
Certified, renewable energy
Most expensive
Strong environmental, social benefits
In-basin, regional facility
150–300 miles closer than other options
Benefits local officials who are supportive
In-basin, regional facility
150–300 miles closer than other options
Benefits local officials who are supportive
Case Study 2Case Study 2
Encouraging Biosolids Compost Use in Orange County
Search: compost on www.ocsd.com
Encouraging Biosolids Compost Use in Orange County
Search: compost on www.ocsd.com
Open Spacein Orange County
Open Spacein Orange County
Courtesy of LAFCO
Biosolids Compost could annually amend 17,000 of the 138,000
open-space acresin Orange County!
Biosolids Compost could annually amend 17,000 of the 138,000
open-space acresin Orange County!
What is Biosolids Compost?What is Biosolids Compost? Naturally decomposed
biosolids, wood & paper
High-quality soil amendment
a.k.a. nitro humus
Nitrogen-rich topsoil / gardening product
Kellogg & OMNI use as base product
Naturally decomposed biosolids, wood & paper
High-quality soil amendment
a.k.a. nitro humus
Nitrogen-rich topsoil / gardening product
Kellogg & OMNI use as base product
Compost Use BenefitsCompost Use Benefits Saves money
Builds healthy soils
Reduces runoff
Improves water quality
Conserves water
Reduces need for chemical fertilizers
Saves money
Builds healthy soils
Reduces runoff
Improves water quality
Conserves water
Reduces need for chemical fertilizers
Protecting Water Quality with CompostProtecting Water Quality with Compost Superior erosion control
Address stormwater regulation needs
EPA has compost products on in its BMP menu / database
Solves environmental problem with recycled product!
Superior erosion control
Address stormwater regulation needs
EPA has compost products on in its BMP menu / database
Solves environmental problem with recycled product!
Time-Tested PerformanceTime-Tested Performancenurseries golf courses
landscaping public sales
Time-Tested PerformanceTime-Tested Performance
White House Disneyland
Angel Stadium
Already Used Throughout Orange CountyAlready Used Throughout Orange County Angel Stadium of Anaheim
Orange Coast Collegenew NCAA baseball field
Mile Square Park
Chapman College
Over 30,000 yards sold in OC per year
Angel Stadium of Anaheim
Orange Coast Collegenew NCAA baseball field
Mile Square Park
Chapman College
Over 30,000 yards sold in OC per year
OC Going Green with Compost!60,000 cy of OCSD’s biosolids compost used in 2007OC Going Green with Compost!60,000 cy of OCSD’s biosolids compost used in 2007
1,500 cydirectly-purchased
by OCSDmember agencies
Member Agency Top Compost Users
Member Agency Top Compost Users
La HabraLa Habra Yorba LindaYorba Linda
GardenGardenGroveGrove
OrangeOrangeFountainFountain
ValleyValley
AnaheimAnaheim
Garden Grove’s ExperienceGarden Grove’s Experience
Compost is Foundation for Beautiful Landscaping
Compost is Foundation for Beautiful Landscaping
Goal: All Member Agencies Use Our Compost!
Goal: All Member Agencies Use Our Compost!
Board Member support
Handout Fast Facts
Consider compost use resolution
City Manager support
Provide name(s) for compost e-newslettersubscription
Board Member support
Handout Fast Facts
Consider compost use resolution
City Manager support
Provide name(s) for compost e-newslettersubscription
Member agency staff support Incorporate compost
into specifications
Incorporated compost into green building, recycling and water-saving initiatives
Keep compost on-handin city yard
Use on daily projects
Member agency staff support Incorporate compost
into specifications
Incorporated compost into green building, recycling and water-saving initiatives
Keep compost on-handin city yard
Use on daily projects
Goal: All Member Agencies Use Our Compost! (cont’)
Goal: All Member Agencies Use Our Compost! (cont’)
The FutureThe Future
Sustainable Organics Management
Sustainable Organics Management
“Waste-to-Energy” Conversion Technologies
“Waste-to-Energy” Conversion Technologies
Gasification No commercially
available facilities known in the US
Test facilities in Texas and Florida
Gasification No commercially
available facilities known in the US
Test facilities in Texas and Florida
ThermalConversionColton, CA
Energy Products of Idaho
90+ installationsworldwide
ThermalConversionColton, CA
Energy Products of Idaho
90+ installationsworldwide
PyrolysisRomoland, CA
Rialto, CA
PyrolysisRomoland, CA
Rialto, CA
California Integrated Waste Management Board
Regulatory DriversCalifornia Integrated Waste Management Board
Regulatory Drivers
AB 939By 2000, 50% landfill diversion
Zero Waste2001 Strategic Plan Commitment
– Harness the energy potential in “waste”
– Organics diversion efforts (strong compost emphasis)
– Cities & states implementing 2025-based goals
AB 939By 2000, 50% landfill diversion
Zero Waste2001 Strategic Plan Commitment
– Harness the energy potential in “waste”
– Organics diversion efforts (strong compost emphasis)
– Cities & states implementing 2025-based goals
SustainableOrganics ManagementSustainableOrganics Management Recycling organic “wastes”
from local sources
Returning compost products to local parks and landscaping
Creating renewable energy from organics
Recycling organic “wastes” from local sources
Returning compost products to local parks and landscaping
Creating renewable energy from organics
Future of SustainabilityFuture of Sustainability
Costa Mesa Arbor Day Tree Planter
Costa Mesa Arbor Day Tree Planter
Questions?Questions?Layne Baroldi
[email protected](714) 593-7456
Layne [email protected]
(714) 593-7456
www.ocsd.com/info/biosolids Sign up for Biosolids updates under E-Subscriptions
www.ocsd.com/info/biosolids Sign up for Biosolids updates under E-Subscriptions
Orange County Sanitation DistrictP.O. Box 8127, Fountain Valley, CA 92728
(714) 962-2411 www.OCSD.com
Orange County Sanitation DistrictP.O. Box 8127, Fountain Valley, CA 92728
(714) 962-2411 www.OCSD.com
