G D IEngine Technology

GASOLINE ELECTRONIC DIRECT FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

ByCH Deepak

(117R1A0308)

CONTENTS

Introduction Timeline of Fuel supply system Main Component of GDI Electronic Fuel Injector Multipoint Fuel Injector Gasoline Direct Injector Working and Burning Mode Achievements Conculsion

INTRODUCTION

o Gasoline known as petrol. outside of North America, it is a transparent and used as a Fuel in IC Engines

o In non-diesel IC Engines ,The GDI Engines system also known as petrol direct injection, Spark Ignited Direct Injection (SIDI) and Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI)

o The invention of direct gasoline injection was by the French inventor  Leon Levavasseur in 1902. (GDI) was first used in 1925 on the Hesselman engine. Jonas Hesselman designed the engine to start on gasoline and then switch over to run on diesel or kerosene.

o The first automotive direct injection system used to run on gasoline was developed by Bosch, and was introduced by Goliath and Gutbrod in 1952. Mercedes, Benz wasn’t far behind in 1955.

o Due to its high cost, few automakers adopted GDI to be used in mass-market cars. GDI sort of disappeared from the automotive scene until its comeback in late ’90s models of Mitsubishi, Toyota, Nissan and Renault.

o At a time of even greater demand on automotive manufactures to further improve, fuel efficiency , Performance and emission standards

o But, for larger vehicles, port fuel injection was still not a 100 % success. This was due to its large engine size, and improper combustions.

o So, the birth of the Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) took place

Timeline of Fuel Supply System

Carburetor Port Injection

(MPFI)

Direct Injection

(GDI)

MAIN COMPONENTS OF GASOLINE INJECTION

1. Engine Control Unit 4. Fuel Injector2. Sensors3. High pressure Fuel Pump

Engine Control Unit (ECU) ECU is a HEART of The Engine .

ECU is computer that controls all of the

electronic components on the engine.

Working of ECU• Control of fuel mixture• Control of ignition timing• Control of idle speed• Control of variable valve timing• Electronic valve control

SENSOR

In order to provide the correct amount of fuel for every operating condition, the ECU has to monitor a huge number of input sensors.

• Acceleration pedal sensor• Airflow sensor• High pressure pump sensor• Crank Angle sensor• GDI

INJECTOR

A fuel injector is nothing but an electronically controlled valve.

When the injector is energized, an electromagnet moves a plunger that opens the valve, allowing the pressurized fuel to squirt out through a tiny nozzle.

It is controlled by the ECU.

ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION

1.Multipoint Fuel Injection 2. Gasonline Direct Injector

VS

MULTI POINT FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

it have a separate fuel injector for each cylinder .

Have better cylinder to cylinder distribution.

Eliminate the need to preheat the intake manifold

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM

• GDI is a process where a mixture of fuel and air is sent into the engine through a highly pressurized.

• The injector is connected along with the intake valve, exhaust valve and the spark plug

• The injector, injects the mixture according to the speed of the engine. The intake valve is used for only air.

• More air means more combustion.

• Compression ratio is high as 12.5:1 at its peak value,

WORKING GDI

Acceleration Pedal

ECU

Air flow Sensor

HI Pressure Fuel pump

SP

GDI

IC Engine

GDI BURNING MODE  1. Ultra-lean burn mode: At lower speeds, the mixture is injected at the end of the compression stroke for lowest heat losses. This is when the compression ratio in the cylinders is maximum 2. Stochiometric mode: This is the conventional method of injection during the intake stroke for optimum combustion and minimum waste gases during moderate city driving conditions. 3. Full Power mode: Fuel is injected in the intake stroke at a higher .This is done at high speeds or high load conditions like climbing a hill.

REQUIREMENT OF GDI ENGINE

The Upright Straight Intake Port.

The Curved-top Piston.

The High Pressure Fuel Pump.

The High Pressure Swirl Injector.

VEHICLE FUEL CONSUMPTION

Fuel Consumption During Idling

The GDI Engine maintain stable combustion even at low idle speed. Moreover, it offer greater flexibility in setting the idle speed, compared to conventional engines, its fuel combustion during idling is 40% less.

EMISSION CONTROL

o Previous efforts to burn a lean air-fuel mixture have resulted in difficulty to control NOx emission. However, in the case of GDI engine, 97% NOx reduction is achieved by utilizing high-rate EGR (Exhaust Gas Ratio)

CONCLUSION

Provides improved torque 5-10%

Up to 5% more power

Reduction of CO2 production by nearly 20 percent.

Fulfills future emissions requirements.

97% NOx reduction is achieved.

Improve the brake specific fuel consumption.

Reduced fuel consumption 15-20%

Thank you