1. BASIC CONCEPT & BEHAVIOUR OF FIRE National Civil Defence
Cadet Corps
2. By the end of the lesson, cadets should be able to: State
the definition of a fire State the 4 classes of fire Explain the
development of a fire Explain the actions to take in the event of a
fire LEARNING OBJECTIVES
3. 1. Basic Concepts of Fire 2. Combustion of Fire 3.
Classification of Fire 4. Basic Stage of Fire Development 5.
Flashovers 6. Actions to take when a fire breaks out 7. Actions to
take when trapped in smoke/ cloths caught fire 8. Evacuation from
buildings SCOPE
4. FIRE IS A GOOD SERVANT BUT A BAD MASTER
5. PREVENTION The best form of protection against a fire is
always
6. DEFINITION OF FIRE Fire is a process of combustion. (a
chemical reaction) It is usually accompanied by a rapid release of
heat and light in varying intensities.
7. TRIANGLE OF COMBUSTION Oxygen Heat Fuel Combustion
8. 1. Class A - Combustible solid material - Wood, cloth,
paper, rubber, plastics 2. Class B - Flammable/combustible liquids,
greases and gases - Petrol, Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG)
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
9. 3. Class C - Potentially energized electrical equipment -
Short-circuiting machinery, overloaded electrical equipment 4.
Class D - Combustible or flammable metals - Sodium, titanium,
magnesium, potassium CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
10. 1. Ignition The fire develops from its point of origin
(e.g. a stack of newspapers which caught fire) 2. Growth Fire
spreads very rapidly to other areas Flashovers may occur,
especially in a confined space 3. Full Development The fully
developed fire is burning at its maximum confined space 4. Decay
Depletion of oxygen/fuel Fire slowly dies down BASIC STAGES OF FIRE
DEVELOPMENT
11. LIFE OF FIRE
12. FLASHOVER
13. ACTIONS TO TAKE WHEN A FIRE BREAKS OUT
14. ACTIONS TO TAKE WHEN A FIRE BREAKS OUT
15. ACTIONS TO TAKE WHEN A FIRE BREAKS OUT
16. ACTIONS TO TAKE WHEN A FIRE BREAKS OUT
17. ACTIONS TO TAKE WHEN A FIRE BREAKS OUT
18. ACTIONS TO TAKE WHEN A FIRE BREAKS OUT
19. WHEN YOUR CLOTHES CATCH FIRE
20. If you have to escape through smoke, keep low by crawling
on your hands and knees. In a fire, the smoke will rise, leaving
some fresh air about 30cm to 60cm from the floor. Crawling keeps
your head in this safety zone, away from the smokes toxic content.
ESCAPING THROUGH SMOKE
21. What to do during evacuation: Stay calm Follow instructions
from supervisors or authorities Walk quickly and calmly and assist
the needy (the handicapped, the elderly) Assemble at designated
area and await further instructions EVACUATING FROM BUILDINGS
22. What NOT to do during evacuation: Panic Use elevators
Attempt to save any belongings (Take only essential items like
personal identification documents, medication) EVACUATING FROM
BUILDINGS
23. FIRE INCIDENTS
24. The best form of protection against fire is prevention. If
a fire breaks out, it is essential for everyone to know what should
be done. Ones life should never be placed in danger.
CONCLUSION